Combined floating breakwater capable of being rapidly laid and unit of combined floating breakwater

Abstract

The invention provides a combined floating breakwater capable of being rapidly laid and a unit thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering. The combined floating breakwater comprises a floating wave absorbing structure, a buoyancy structure, a connecting device and a fixing device; the floating type wave absorbing structure comprises an inclined net-shaped wave absorbing plate and a vertical wave absorbing plate, and the inclined net-shaped wave absorbing plate is mounted on the telescopic supporting and reinforcing cross beam; the buoyancy structure comprises a buoyancy wave-absorbing air bag, a group of buoys and two inflatable buoys, the inclined net-shaped wave-absorbing plate and the vertical wave-absorbing plate are connected through the buoyancy wave-absorbing air bag, the buoys are connected through a first connecting rod, the first connecting rod is connected with the inclined net-shaped wave-absorbing plate through a first movable hinge, and every two adjacent buoys are connected through a second connecting rod and a second movable hinge. The two inflatable buoys are installed on the two sides of the inclined net-shaped wave absorbing plate respectively. The floating wave absorbing structure is connected with the fixing device through the connecting device. The wave absorbing device has a good wave absorbing effect on waves with different periods and different wave heights, and the safety and efficiency of activities in offshore waters are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a combined floating breakwater capable of being rapidly deployed and a unit thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Offshore coasts, embankments, beaches and reefs are often eroded and damaged by sea waves. Human activities in offshore waters, such as ship berthing, offshore installation and beach activities, are also often affected by sea waves.

[0003] The existing floating breakwater structures are generally complex, mainly constructed using steel, glass fiber reinforced plastic or marine engineering concrete C50, and are bulky and heavy. Therefore, long-distance transportation will result in a sharp increase in construction cost, making it difficult to achieve economic benefits. Furthermore, the breakwater has many connecting parts and a complex structure, and requires a certain amount of time for on-site assembly. In addition, the overall mobility is poor due to the large drag resistance during transportation to the application site.

[0004] Patent No. 201810683964.0, entitled "Flexible floating breakwater capable of being rapidly disassembled and assembled", and patent No. 202121616708.0, entitled "Floating box type breakwater capable of being rapidly installed", both propose a floating breakwater capable of being rapidly disassembled and assembled. This breakwater solves the problems of inefficient connection and installation during assembly, difficulty in disassembly and poor stability of the existing floating breakwater. However, since the breakwater body adopts a floating box, the material used is steel and glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the manufacturing of the floating box requires multiple processes such as cutting, welding and polishing. For some special-shaped floating boxes, a mold needs to be made, which is costly. The transportation cost of the floating box is also high due to its large volume, resulting in high cost.

[0005] Patent No. 2008102281589, entitled "Multi-hole floating breakwater", patent No. 201810776832.0, entitled "Air bag type floating breakwater capable of being rapidly disassembled", and patent No. 201910905829.9, entitled "Foldable floating breakwater", disclose a breakwater that can be assembled from two inflatable air bags, wave absorbing plates or wave absorbing nets and connecting parts. The air bags and wave absorbing plates or wave absorbing nets are low in cost, and the multi-hole structure wave absorbing device can fully dissipate wave energy through multiple reflections, refractions and scattering of wave energy through the pores of the multi-hole medium under the action of waves, and has good wave absorbing effect on waves of different periods and different heights. However, this type of breakwater has many connecting parts and a complex structure, and requires a certain amount of time for on-site assembly. In addition, the overall mobility is poor due to the large drag resistance during transportation to the application site.

[0006] Patent No.: 201910427911.0, Patent Name: A curtain type semi-submersible flexible breakwater, simple structure, high degree of integration, can be quickly assembled, reusable, and can fully utilize water turbulence and reflection to dissipate waves, especially the net curtain submerged in water has a significant attenuation effect on medium and long waves that are difficult to eliminate in the ocean, suitable for emergency rescue and salvage in natural disasters at sea and port emergency wave protection, but when encountering sea current impact, the net curtain in the water is easily deformed by water flow impact, affecting its wave dissipation function.

[0007] In summary, the current floating breakwater has the following disadvantages:

[0008] 1. The use of reinforced concrete, steel, glass steel and other materials leads to high cost.

[0009] 2. Low degree of structural integration, time-consuming assembly and shipping, poor mobility, long deployment and recovery cycle, leading to inability to respond quickly, increasing the risk of target exposure.

[0010] 3. The underwater wave dissipation net is deformed under the influence of sea current, and the wave dissipation effect is poor.

[0011] Therefore, it is particularly critical to develop a new type of breakwater with low production cost, simple structure and flexible deployment and recovery. SUMMARY

[0012] The purpose of the present application is to provide a combined floating breakwater and its unit which can be quickly deployed, and has good wave dissipation effect for waves of different periods and different wave heights, greatly improving the safety and efficiency of offshore activities.

[0013] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0014] A combined floating breakwater unit which can be quickly deployed, comprising: a floating wave dissipation structure, a buoyancy structure, a connecting device, and a fixing device;

[0015] The floating wave dissipation structure comprises an inclined net wave dissipation plate and a vertical wave dissipation plate, and the inclined net wave dissipation plate is installed on a telescopic support reinforcing cross beam;

[0016] The buoyancy structure comprises a buoyancy wave dissipation air bag, a group of floating buoys, and two inflatable pontoons, the inclined net wave dissipation plate and the vertical wave dissipation plate are connected through the buoyancy wave dissipation air bag, the floating buoys are connected through connecting rods, the connecting rods are connected to the inclined net wave dissipation plate through movable hinges, adjacent floating buoys are connected through connecting rods and movable hinges, and two inflatable pontoons are installed on both sides of the inclined net wave dissipation plate;

[0017] The floating wave-damping structure is connected with the fixed device through the connecting device.

[0018] Further, the connecting device comprises a wave-damping net connecting support rod and a mooring pull ring, the wave-damping net connecting support rod is installed at the tail of the inclined net-shaped wave-damping plate, and the mooring pull ring is installed at the bottom of the wave-damping net connecting support rod.

[0019] Further, the connecting device further comprises a clamping groove connecting piece, and the clamping groove connecting piece is installed on both sides of the floating wave-damping air bag.

[0020] Further, the fixed device comprises a mooring cable, one end of the mooring cable is connected with the mooring pull ring, and the other end of the mooring cable is connected with an anchoring gravity block.

[0021] Further, the angle between the inclined net-shaped wave-damping plate and the sea level is 5-10 degrees.

[0022] Further, a plurality of through holes one are formed in the inclined net-shaped wave-damping plate.

[0023] Further, a plurality of through holes two are formed in the vertical wave-damping plate.

[0024] Further, the vertical wave-damping plate is located below the inclined net-shaped wave-damping plate, the through holes two interfere with the movement of underwater water particles, make the water flow turbulent, consume the energy of waves to achieve the wave-damping effect.

[0025] The application can also comprise:

[0026] The application further discloses a combined floating breakwater which can be quickly laid, comprising the combined floating breakwater unit.

[0027] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The inclined net-shaped wave-damping plate and the vertical wave-damping plate are both porous wave-damping plates, when waves pass through the porous plates, the pores of the porous plates cause pressure difference between the upper and lower plates, make the waves deform and break, and further cause the loss of wave energy, so that the wave-damping effect is achieved.

[0029] The application flexibly and reasonably arranges the inclined floating wave-damping porous plates according to the sea state characteristics of the sea area, has simple structure, can be quickly laid and recovered, has low manufacturing cost and is convenient to maintain.

[0030] The application cooperates the inclined and vertical porous wave-damping plates, the pores of the porous plates cause pressure difference between the upper and lower plates, make the waves deform and break, and further cause the loss of wave energy, so that the incident waves are efficiently eliminated, and the wave-damping efficiency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0032] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the net wave-breaking plate in deflated state of the inflatable buoy of the present application.

[0033] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the net wave-breaking plate in inflated state of the inflatable buoy of the present application.

[0034] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the floating breakwater mouth of the present application.

[0035] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the wave-breaking in working water area of the present application.

[0036] 1, inclined net wave-breaking plate, 2, vertical wave-breaking plate, 3, buoyancy wave-breaking air bag, 4, float, 5, wave-breaking net connecting support rod, 6, mooring cable, 7, anchoring gravity block, 8, mooring pull ring, 9, telescopic support reinforcing cross beam, 10, connecting rod one, 11, movable hinge one, 12, clamping groove connecting piece, 13, movable hinge two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings.

[0038] The present application provides a combined floating breakwater unit which can be quickly deployed, as shown in the accompanying drawings, comprising a floating wave-breaking structure, a buoyancy structure, a connecting device and a fixing device. Figure 1 The floating wave-breaking structure comprises an inclined net wave-breaking plate 1 and a vertical wave-breaking plate 2, and the inclined net wave-breaking plate 1 is installed on a telescopic support reinforcing cross beam 9.

[0039] The buoyancy structure comprises a buoyancy wave-breaking air bag 3, a group of floats 4 and two inflatable buoys 14, the inclined net wave-breaking plate 1 and the vertical wave-breaking plate 2 are connected through the buoyancy wave-breaking air bag 3, the floats 4 are connected through connecting rod one 10, the connecting rod one 10 is connected with the inclined net wave-breaking plate 1 through movable hinge one, adjacent floats 4 are connected through connecting rod two and movable hinge two 13, and the two inflatable buoys 14 are respectively installed on both sides of the inclined net wave-breaking plate 1.

[0040] The floating wave-breaking structure is connected with the fixing device through the connecting device.

[0041] The floating wave-breaking structure is connected with the fixing device through the connecting device.

[0042] In this embodiment, the inclined mesh wave-damping plate 1 and the vertical wave-damping plate 2 are the main components for achieving wave damping. Their wave damping efficiency is mainly related to porosity and wave angle. When waves move upward along the inclined mesh wave-damping plate 1, on the one hand, the porous structure of the plate creates a pressure difference between the top and bottom, causing the waves to deform and break, resulting in wave energy loss. On the other hand, as the waves climb along the inclined wave-damping plate, the convergence of wave energy is also amplified, causing the waves to deform and break, resulting in wave energy loss, thus achieving the purpose of wave damping. The vertical wave-damping plate 2 is installed below the wave-damping unit. Its perforated structure can interfere with the movement of underwater water particles, causing water flow turbulence and consuming wave energy to achieve the wave damping effect. At the same time, the vertical wave-damping plate 2 has a controllable angle of attack to the water flow, allowing the wave-damping unit to generate a turning moment to autonomously face the waves, further improving the wave damping effect.

[0043] The float 4 is a polyurethane float. The polyurethane float and the buoyancy-damping airbag 3 at the water surface provide buoyancy for the entire wave-damping unit. The polyurethane float 4 is connected together by the movable hinge 13 between the floats, which not only provides stable buoyancy but also enhances the convenience of operation and reduces manufacturing costs.

[0044] As attached Figures 2-3 As shown, by inflating and deflating the buoyancy wave-damping airbag 3 and the inflatable float 14, the floating wave-damping structure can be unfolded and folded. The buoyancy wave-damping airbag 3 located on the water surface can also cause the waves to break up, thus enhancing the wave-damping effect of the device.

[0045] In this embodiment, the connecting device includes a wave-damping net connecting support rod 5 and a mooring ring 8. The wave-damping net connecting support rod 5 is installed at the tail of the inclined mesh wave-damping plate 1, and the mooring ring 8 is installed at the bottom of the wave-damping net connecting support rod 5.

[0046] The retractable support reinforcing beam 9 and the wave-damping mesh connecting support rod 5 are used to maintain the spacing of the inflatable floats and keep the mesh wave-damping plate in a taut state. The convenient retractable support reinforcing beam 9 has a threaded screw design, which increases the ease and flexibility of device assembly. At the same time, the threaded design greatly enhances the structural stability of the entire floating wave-damping unit.

[0047] In this embodiment, the connecting device further includes a slot connector 12, which is installed on both sides of the buoyancy wave-damping airbag 3.

[0048] The fixing device includes a mooring cable 6, one end of which is connected to the mooring ring 8, and the other end of which is connected to the anchoring gravity block 7.

[0049] Mooring cable 6 and anchoring concrete block 7 are used for positioning and fixing the floating breakwater in water, one is arranged every several damping units; multiple inflatable floating damping units are connected side by side through the clamping groove connector 12 to form a complete floating breakwater for damping larger water area.

[0050] The angle between the inclined net damping plate 1 and the sea level is 5-10 degrees.

[0051] Preferably, the angle between the inclined net damping plate 1 and the sea level is 5 degrees.

[0052] The embodiment also includes:

[0053] A quickly deployable combined floating breakwater, comprising the above-mentioned quickly deployable combined floating breakwater unit, adjacent said quickly deployable combined floating breakwater units are connected through the clamping groove connector 12 to form a combined floating breakwater for damping larger water area.

[0054] Installation process:

[0055] Firstly, the inclined net damping plate 1, the vertical damping plate 2 and the buoyancy damping air bag 3 are the main components to achieve the purpose of damping, the inclined net damping plate 1 and the vertical damping plate 2 are connected through the buoyancy damping air bag 3, and the inflation port at the buoyancy damping air bag 3 is inflated during use, so that the inclined net damping plate 1, the vertical damping plate 2 and the buoyancy damping air bag 3 are inflated.

[0056] Then, the convenient telescopic support reinforcing cross beam 9 and the damping net connecting support rod 5 are arranged on the inclined net damping plate 1 and the vertical damping plate 2 respectively, which are used to maintain the net damping plate and keep the net damping plate in tension state, and enhance the stability of the structure; the convenient telescopic support reinforcing cross beam 9 is designed by screwing, which increases the convenience and flexibility of device assembly, and the threaded design greatly enhances the structural stability of the entire floating damping unit.

[0057] Secondly, the inflated floating damping unit is connected with the polyurethane float through the float and damping plate connecting rod 10, and the polyurethane floats are connected together through the movable hinge two 13 between the floats, which stabilizes the floating force, enhances the operation convenience and reduces the manufacturing cost.

[0058] Finally, the mooring cable 6 is fixed at the mooring pull ring 8 located at the damping net connecting support rod 5, and after being fixed, it sinks into the sea together with the anchoring concrete block 7, thus completing the arrangement of a single floating breakwater.

[0059] Multiple inflatable floating breakwaters are connected side by side through the clamping groove connector 12 to form a complete floating breakwater for damping larger water area.

[0060] The maneuverability of the inflatable floating breakwater of the present application benefits from the fact that each wave-damping unit is independent, and can be towed to the target water area by a tugboat when deployed, and inflated and deployed autonomously, and immediately begin to damp waves; or be mass deployed by a workboat with a dock compartment. The low-cost advantage of the inflatable floating breakwater comes from its simple structure and low material requirements. The main body of each wave-damping unit is an inflatable air bag and a mesh wave-damping plate, wherein the inflatable air bag is cylindrical and is widely used in the marine industry, and has a mature production and processing system; the core parameter of the inclined mesh wave-damping plate 1 is porosity, and an organic woven material can achieve the required porosity, for example, nylon mesh.

[0061] The specific application scenario of the embodiment is:

[0062] Embodiment 1:

[0063] A reclamation island in the South China Sea is under construction. According to forecasts, a typhoon spiral rain belt area will pass through the island. Since the port is still under construction, the concrete wave-damping blocks have not yet been laid, and direct impact of the wind and waves will cause the reclamation beach to be damaged. After receiving the forecast, the port quickly organizes a tugboat to tow several of the above-mentioned quickly deployable combined floating breakwater units to the outer dike mouth, and the floating breakwater units are inflated and deployed autonomously, as shown in FIG. 1, forming a complete inflatable floating breakwater to enclose the waves at the mouth. Figure 4

[0064] When the wind and waves reach the island, most of the waves are blocked by the permanent outer dike, and the floating breakwater that encloses the mouth prevents the wind and waves from entering from the mouth, improving the port's ability to respond to sudden weather changes.

[0065] Embodiment 2:

[0066] A certain engineering ship is assisting in underwater operations, and since the underwater operations have high precision requirements, the engineering ship needs to maintain its posture. To prevent the wind and waves on site from causing the engineering ship to sway and oscillate, several wave-damping units are towed to the work area. After the ship completes positioning, a small boat is used to tow the wave-damping units to form a breakwater around the engineering ship, as shown in FIG. 2, and after the floating breakwater units are inflated and deployed, the wave-damping plates are outwardly directed, preventing waves in the surrounding waters from entering the work area and improving the stability of the fixed-point work ship. Figure 5

[0067] The above only describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.​​

Claims

1. A modular floating breakwater unit that can be quickly deployed, characterized in that, include: Floating wave-damping structure, buoyancy structure, connecting device, fixing device; The floating wave-damping structure includes an inclined mesh wave-damping plate (1) and a vertical wave-damping plate (2). The inclined mesh wave-damping plate (1) is installed on a telescopic support reinforcing beam (9). The buoyancy structure includes a buoyancy wave-damping airbag (3), a set of floats (4), and two inflatable floats (14). The inclined mesh wave-damping plate (1) and the vertical wave-damping plate (2) are connected by the buoyancy wave-damping airbag (3). The floats (4) are connected by a connecting rod (10). The connecting rod (10) is connected to the inclined mesh wave-damping plate (1) by a movable hinge (1). Adjacent floats (4) are connected by a connecting rod (2) and a movable hinge (2) (13). The two inflatable floats (14) are respectively installed on both sides of the inclined mesh wave-damping plate (1). The floating wave-damping structure is connected to the fixed device via the connecting device.

2. The rapidly deployable modular floating breakwater unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting device includes a wave-damping net connecting support rod (5) and a mooring ring (8). The wave-damping net connecting support rod (5) is installed at the tail of the inclined mesh wave-damping plate (1), and the mooring ring (8) is installed at the bottom of the wave-damping net connecting support rod (5).

3. The rapidly deployable modular floating breakwater unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The connecting device also includes a slot connector (12), which is installed on both sides of the buoyancy wave-damping airbag (3).

4. The rapidly deployable modular floating breakwater unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing device includes a mooring cable (6), one end of which is connected to the mooring ring (8), and the other end of which is connected to the anchoring gravity block (7).

5. The rapidly deployable modular floating breakwater unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the inclined mesh wave-damping plate (1) and the sea level is 5-10 degrees.

6. The rapidly deployable modular floating breakwater unit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The inclined mesh wave-damping plate (1) has multiple through holes.

7. The rapidly deployable modular floating breakwater unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vertical wave-damping plate (2) has multiple through holes.

8. The rapidly deployable modular floating breakwater unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vertical wave-damping plate (2) is located below the inclined mesh wave-damping plate (1). The through holes interfere with the movement of underwater water particles, causing water flow turbulence and consuming wave energy to achieve the wave-damping effect.

9. A modular floating breakwater that can be quickly deployed, characterized in that, Includes the modular floating breakwater unit that can be quickly deployed as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein adjacent modular floating breakwater units are connected by a slot connector (12) to dampen waves over a large area of ​​water, forming a modular floating breakwater.

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