An oil skimming and foam breaking separation device and method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of deep well natural gas exploitation, and particularly relates to an oil and foam removal separation device and a use method. The device comprises an inertial separator and a cyclone sand remover. The inertial separator comprises an inertial chamber, a conical tube and a gas distribution cone. The conical tube is located in the inertial chamber, the uphole section of the production string penetrates the bottom plate of the inertial chamber and is fixedly connected with the small end of the conical tube. The tip of the gas distribution cone is inserted into the large end of the conical tube, and there is a gap between the conical surface of the gas distribution cone and the inner wall of the conical tube. The other end of the gas distribution cone is provided with a connecting part which is fixedly connected to the top plate of the inertial chamber. The gas inlet pipe of the cyclone sand remover penetrates the top plate and is connected to the side of the connecting part which is towards the inside of the gas distribution cone. The device can avoid the rock and soil debris from entering the cyclone sand remover, thereby avoiding the impact damage of the rock and soil debris to the cyclone sand remover, and can also realize the continuous exploitation and separation of the deep well raw gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep well natural gas extraction technology, specifically to an oil removal and defoaming separation device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous upgrading of natural gas extraction technology and the breakthroughs in drilling and production depth from deep wells to ultra-deep wells, the wellhead pressure faced in natural gas extraction is much higher than that encountered when extracting medium-depth gas reservoirs (for deep natural gas wells with a depth of 4500m~6000m, the wellhead pressure during extraction can typically reach 30-50MPa, while for ultra-deep natural gas wells with a depth exceeding 6000m, the wellhead pressure can typically exceed 50MPa). High-pressure, high-velocity deep-well raw gas not only carries a greater amount of small particulate impurities but may also carry small amounts of larger rock and soil debris. Furthermore, deep-well raw gas typically also contains acid gas (mainly carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide), oil droplets, and foam.

[0003] Existing gas production equipment and methods typically process raw gas at the wellhead, using cyclone desanders to separate particulate impurities and reduce their erosion on subsequent separation equipment. However, deep-well raw gas carries rock and soil debris, which can cause more severe impacts on cyclone desanders, making them more susceptible to damage. Furthermore, the higher concentration of small particulate impurities in deep-well raw gas necessitates more frequent emptying of the desander's collection hopper, leading to intermittent processing and reduced production efficiency. Additionally, it cannot effectively remove oil droplets and foam. Oil droplets entering the flare may cause deflagration, and foam entering the cyclone desander disrupts gas flow (breaking the proper swirling flow) and can even trap particulate impurities, preventing them from falling into the collection hopper and thus affecting the desander's separation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oil removal and defoaming separation device and its usage method, which can at least partially overcome the above-mentioned technical problems. By setting an inertial separator to remove rock and soil debris, oil droplets and foam in advance, it can prevent rock and soil debris, oil droplets and foam from entering the cyclone desander, thereby reducing the impact damage of rock and soil debris to the cyclone desander, preventing oil droplets from entering subsequent equipment, and preventing foam from affecting the separation effect of the cyclone desander. In addition, it can also realize the continuous extraction and separation of deep well gas, thereby ensuring the extraction efficiency of deep well gas.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides an oil removal and defoaming separation device, which includes an inertial separator and a cyclone desander; the inertial separator includes a conical tube, a gas-distributing cone, and a cylindrical inertial chamber; the conical tube is located in the inertial chamber, and the surface section of the production tubing penetrates the bottom plate of the inertial chamber and is fixedly connected to the small end of the conical tube; the tip of the gas-distributing cone is inserted into the large end of the conical tube, and there is a gap between the conical surface of the gas-distributing cone and the inner wall of the conical tube; the other end of the gas-distributing cone is provided with a connecting part, and the connecting part is fixedly connected to the top plate of the inertial chamber; the air inlet pipe of the cyclone desander penetrates the top plate and connects to the side of the connecting part facing the interior of the gas-distributing cone.

[0006] Furthermore, the connecting part is tubular, and multiple mesh holes are formed on the peripheral wall of the connecting part.

[0007] Furthermore, the top plate extends toward the air distribution cone with a retaining ring, the connecting portion is located inside the retaining ring and there is a gap between the connecting portion and the retaining ring; the length of the retaining ring is less than the length of the connecting portion.

[0008] Furthermore, the base plate is inclined, and the highest point of the base plate is lower than the large end of the cone tube; the inertial separator also includes a slag discharge pipe, which is located below the base plate and penetrates the base plate; a gate for opening and closing the slag discharge pipe is provided on the slag discharge pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, a sand inlet and a sand outlet are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the sand collection hopper of the cyclone sand separator, and a temporary storage tube is provided between the cone of the cyclone sand separator and the sand inlet; the cyclone sand separator also includes a sand discharge mechanism, which includes a sand discharge valve rod, a first plug and a second plug; the sand discharge valve rod is slidably inserted into the sand discharge outlet; the first plug and the second plug are both located in the sand collection hopper and are both fixedly connected to the sand discharge valve rod; the first plug is located below the second plug; the sand discharge mechanism can switch between a first state and a second state by sliding the sand discharge valve rod; in the first state, the first plug blocks the sand discharge outlet, and there is a gap between the second plug and the sand inlet; in the second state, the second plug blocks the sand inlet, and there is a gap between the first plug and the sand discharge outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, a sand inlet and a sand outlet are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the sand collection hopper of the cyclone sand separator, and a temporary storage tube is provided between the cone of the cyclone sand separator and the sand inlet; the cyclone sand separator also includes a sand discharge mechanism, which includes a sand discharge valve rod, a first plug, a second plug, an elastic tube, and a sleeve; the sand discharge valve rod is slidably inserted into the sand discharge outlet; the first plug is located below the second plug and both are located in the sand collection hopper; the first plug is slidably connected to the sand discharge valve rod, and the second plug is fixedly connected to the sand discharge valve rod; one end of the elastic tube is fixedly connected to the first plug, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second plug; a stop is provided on the section of the sand discharge valve rod located outside the sand collection hopper; the sleeve is slidably sleeved outside the sand discharge valve rod and located between the stop and the first plug; the first plug blocks the sand discharge outlet, the second plug blocks the sand inlet, and the elastic tube is in a compressed state.

[0011] Furthermore, a check cone is provided at the connection point between the temporary storage tube and the cone, with the tip of the check cone facing the cone.

[0012] Furthermore, the sand-discharging mechanism also includes a crank and a connecting rod; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the sleeve, and the other end is hinged to one end of the crank; the other end of the crank is connected to a rotational power source.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a turbine expander and an absorption tower; a collection tank is provided at the bottom of the absorption tower, and the collection tank is filled with absorbent liquid; the gas outlet pipe of the cyclone sand separator is connected to the gas inlet of the expansion end of the turbine expander, and the gas outlet of the expansion end is connected to the absorbent liquid; a gas outlet for discharging natural gas is provided at the top of the absorption tower; a metering element is connected to the gas outlet, and the metering element is used to monitor the amount of finished natural gas discharged through the gas outlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the absorbent is selected from one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and methanol.

[0015] Furthermore, a gas distribution head is provided in the liquid collection tank, and the gas outlet of the expansion end is connected to the air inlet of the gas distribution head; the lower part of the gas distribution head is provided with a plurality of gas distribution holes, each of which is located in the absorbent liquid in the liquid collection tank.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a regeneration tower, a return liquid pipe, and a delivery liquid pipe; the regeneration tower is higher than the absorption tower; a packing layer is also provided between the collection tank and the gas outlet; one end of the return liquid pipe is connected to the absorbent liquid located in the collection tank, and the other end is connected to the regeneration tower; one end of the delivery liquid pipe is located in the absorbent liquid in the regeneration tower, and the other end is connected between the packing layer and the gas outlet; an impeller is also provided in the return liquid pipe, the impeller shaft is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pipe, and the impeller shaft extends outward through the pipe wall; the impeller shaft is connected to the output shaft of the turbine expander through a transmission mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, a liquid distribution head is provided between the packing layer and the air outlet, and one end of the liquid delivery pipe located between the packing layer and the air outlet is connected to the liquid inlet end of the liquid distribution head; the lower part of the liquid distribution head is provided with a plurality of liquid distribution holes.

[0018] Furthermore, the end of the crank away from the connecting rod is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the turbine expander.

[0019] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of using an oil removal and defoaming separation device. Based on the aforementioned oil removal and defoaming separation device, the method of use includes: when the oil removal and defoaming separation device is used for deep well raw gas treatment, the deep well raw gas from the production tubing is connected to the small end of the conical tube, so that the deep well raw gas passes sequentially through the inertial separator, the cyclone desander, the turbine expander and the absorption tower to separate natural gas.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The oil and foam separation device provided in this embodiment removes rock and soil debris and oil droplets in advance by setting an inertial separator, taking advantage of the large inertia of the rock and soil debris and oil droplets. It also eliminates foam by using the connection part of the filter screen structure to prevent it from entering the cyclone sand separator. This avoids rock and soil debris, oil droplets and foam from entering the cyclone sand separator and causing impact damage to the cyclone sand separator, which helps to ensure the separation effect of the cyclone sand separator.

[0022] 2. The oil removal and defoaming separation device provided in this embodiment can perform sand removal work continuously and without interruption during the gas separation process by reasonably designing the sand discharge mechanism. In addition, during the whole process, at least one of the sand inlet and sand outlet of the dust collection hopper is in a blocked state, that is, the cone of the cyclone sand separator always has good airtight conditions with the outside world, thereby ensuring the separation effect of the cyclone separator.

[0023] 3. The oil removal and defoaming separation device provided in this embodiment can perform deacidification treatment on deep well raw gas after removing particulate impurities by setting up a regeneration tower and an absorption tower, and can remove the mist liquid phase entering the cyclone desander. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an inertial separator drawn according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an inertial separator connected to a cyclone sand separator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 According to Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of area A;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sand-discharging mechanism with another structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the use of an absorption tower and a regeneration tower for acid removal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an air distribution head according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0032] 11-Inertia chamber; 111-Bottom plate; 112-Top plate; 12-Cone pipe; 13-Gas distribution cone; 131-Connecting part; 132-Mesh; 14-Surface section; 15-Retaining ring; 16-Slag discharge pipe; 20-Air inlet pipe; 21-Sand collection hopper; 211-Sand inlet; 212-Sand discharge outlet; 213-Support; 22-Cone body; 23-Temporary storage pipe; 24-Sand discharge valve stem; 241-Stop part; 25-First plug 26-Second plug; 27-Elastic tube; 28-Sleeve; 29-Check cone; 30-Outlet pipe; 31-Crank; 32-Connecting rod; 5-Absorber; 51-Collection tank; 52-Outlet; 53-Gas distribution head; 531-Inlet end; 532-Gas distribution hole; 54-Packing layer; 55-Liquid distribution head; 6-Regeneration tower; 61-Return pipe; 62-Liquid delivery pipe; 611-Impeller; 612-Impeller shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that this invention is already in the actual research and development stage.

[0034] With the continuous upgrading of natural gas extraction technology and the breakthroughs in drilling and production depth from deep wells to ultra-deep wells, the wellhead pressure faced in natural gas extraction is much higher than that encountered when extracting medium-depth gas reservoirs (for deep natural gas wells with a depth of 4500m~6000m, the wellhead pressure during extraction can typically reach 30-50MPa, while for ultra-deep natural gas wells with a depth exceeding 6000m, the wellhead pressure can typically exceed 50MPa). High-pressure, high-velocity deep-well raw gas not only carries a greater amount of small particulate impurities, but also a small amount of larger rock and soil debris (larger size refers to larger sand particles compared to those found in conventional natural gas). Furthermore, deep-well raw gas typically also contains acid gas (mainly carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide), oil droplets, and foam.

[0035] Existing gas production equipment and methods typically process raw gas at the wellhead, using cyclone desanders to separate particulate impurities and reduce their erosion on subsequent separation equipment. However, deep-well raw gas carries rock and soil debris, which can cause more severe impacts on cyclone desanders, making them more susceptible to damage. Furthermore, the higher concentration of small particulate impurities in deep-well raw gas necessitates more frequent emptying of the desander's collection hopper, leading to intermittent processing and reduced production efficiency. Additionally, it cannot effectively remove oil droplets and foam. Oil droplets entering the flare may cause deflagration, and foam entering the cyclone desander disrupts gas flow (breaking the proper swirling flow) and can even trap particulate impurities, preventing them from falling into the collection hopper and thus affecting the desander's separation performance.

[0036] Therefore, this invention provides an oil and foam removal separation device and its usage method. By setting an inertial separator to remove rock and soil debris, oil droplets, and foam in advance, it can prevent rock and soil debris, oil droplets, and foam from entering the cyclone desander, thereby reducing the impact damage of rock and soil debris to the cyclone desander, preventing oil droplets from entering subsequent equipment, and preventing foam from affecting the separation effect of the cyclone desander. In addition, it can also realize the continuous extraction and separation of deep well gas, thereby ensuring the extraction efficiency of deep well gas.

[0037] In this application, the term "production string" refers to a pipeline used in deep well gas extraction to transport natural gas from the bottom gas reservoir to the surface, which is fixed in the wellbore through a specific connection method.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an oil removal and defoaming separation device, which includes an inertial separator and a cyclone desander.

[0040] The inertial separator includes a conical tube 12, a gas-distributing cone 13, and a cylindrical inertial chamber 11;

[0041] The tapered tube 12 is located inside the inertial chamber 11, and the surface section 14 of the production tubing passes through the bottom plate 111 of the inertial chamber 11 and is fixedly connected to the small end of the tapered tube 12.

[0042] The tip of the air distribution cone 13 is inserted into the large end of the cone tube 12, and there is a gap between the cone surface of the air distribution cone 13 and the inner wall of the cone tube 12; the other end of the air distribution cone 13 is provided with a connecting part 131, which is fixedly connected to the top plate 112 of the inertial chamber 11.

[0043] The air inlet pipe 20 of the cyclone sand separator passes through the top plate 112 and connects to the side of the connecting part 131 facing the interior of the air distribution cone 13.

[0044] It should be understood that the function of the connecting part 131 is to connect and fix the gas distribution cone 13 to the inertial chamber 11, and it will not block the gas from entering the connecting part 131 from the side facing the outside of the gas distribution cone 13 to the side facing the inside of the gas distribution cone 13.

[0045] Accordingly, after the deep well gas enters the inertial chamber 11, the rock and soil debris (specifically referring to sand particles larger than those found in conventional natural gas) and oil droplets contained in the deep well gas are guided by the gap between the conical surface of the gas distribution cone 13 and the inner wall of the conical tube 12, and are given a tendency to move along the generatrix of the gas distribution cone 13 (e.g., Figure 1 (The dashed line represents the trajectory of rock debris and oil droplets under the guidance of the gap). These rock debris and oil droplets then impact the inner wall (side wall or top plate 112) of the inertial chamber 11 and fall onto the bottom plate 111 of the inertial chamber 11. Simultaneously, gas and small particulate impurities enter from the side of the connection 131 facing outwards towards the gas distribution cone 13, and then enter the cyclone desander through the inlet pipe 20. Thus, the rock debris and oil droplets in the deep well raw gas are separated in the inertial separator. Furthermore, the inertial separator has a simple structure. Even if the wall of its inertial chamber 11 is deformed (dents, bulges, etc.) by the impact of rock and soil debris, it will not cause significant damage to its separation effect. If such rock and soil debris directly enters the cyclone desander, the damage it causes to the inner wall of the cone 22 of the cyclone desander will significantly impair the separation effect of the cyclone desander (there is a strong correlation between the separation effect of the cyclone desander and the shape and structure of its inner cavity).

[0046] Preferably, the connecting part 131 is tubular, and a plurality of mesh holes 132 are formed on the peripheral wall of the connecting part 131.

[0047] Accordingly, the tubular connecting part 131 with multiple mesh openings 132 serves as a filter screen structure connecting part 131, which can further improve the separation efficiency of the inertial separator for impurities larger than the sand particles contained in conventional natural gas, ensuring that rock and soil debris cannot enter the cyclone desander; in addition, the filter screen structure connecting part 131 can also eliminate foam and prevent it from entering the cyclone desander. Specifically, the foam accompanying the wellhead gas entering the inertial separator from the wellhead section 14 will adhere to the outside of the gas distribution cone 13, and then gradually slide upward under the action of the wellhead gas. When it reaches the connection between the gas distribution cone 13 and the connecting part 131, it accumulates upward along the connecting part (in During the sliding and accumulation process, foam gradually merges and converges into droplets that fall. The falling droplets are separated by the wellhead gas (the trajectory of the blown droplets is shown in the aforementioned dotted line). After accumulation, the foam at the mesh 132 position will be broken by small particulate impurities carried by the wellhead gas (a small amount of the liquid phase generated after the breakage enters the side of the connection 131 facing the inside of the gas distribution cone 13 in a mist-like form, while the majority converges, falls, and is separated by the wellhead gas). A small amount of foam enters the side of the connection 131 facing the inside of the gas distribution cone 13 through the mesh 132, but these foams will also break due to rapid size changes when they squeeze through the mesh 132.

[0048] Preferably, the top plate 112 extends toward the air distribution cone 13 with a retaining ring 15, the connecting portion 131 is located inside the retaining ring 15 and there is a gap between the connecting portion 131 and the retaining ring 15; the length of the retaining ring 15 is less than the length of the connecting portion 131.

[0049] By designing the retaining ring 15, it is possible to prevent rock and soil debris from rebounding into the connecting part 131 towards the inside of the air distribution cone 13 after impacting the inner wall of the inertial chamber 11, or from impacting and damaging the connecting part 131 of the filter structure.

[0050] Preferably, the base plate 111 is inclined, with its highest point lower than the large end of the cone tube 12. The inertial separator also includes a slag discharge pipe 16, which is located below and penetrates the base plate 111. A gate for opening and closing the slag discharge pipe 16 is provided on the slag discharge pipe 16. More preferably, the slag discharge pipe 16 is connected to the lowest point of the base plate 111, thereby facilitating the discharge of rock and soil debris. Obviously, when the gate is closed, the slag discharge pipe 16 will not leak air or liquid.

[0051] Accordingly, the rock and soil debris and droplets separated under inertia will fall into the inertia chamber 11 area below the large end of the cone tube 12. Obviously, the amount of these rock and soil debris will not be too much. Therefore, it is only necessary to open the gate to discharge them during regular maintenance.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, the difference being that in this embodiment,

[0054] A sand inlet 211 and a sand outlet 212 are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the sand collection hopper 21 of the cyclone sand separator, and a temporary storage pipe 23 is provided between the cone 22 of the cyclone sand separator and the sand inlet 211.

[0055] The cyclone sand separator also includes a sand discharge mechanism, which includes a sand discharge valve stem 24, a first plug 25, and a second plug 26.

[0056] The sand discharge valve stem 24 is slidably inserted into the sand discharge port 212; the first plug 25 and the second plug 26 are both located in the sand collection hopper 21 and are both fixedly connected to the sand discharge valve stem 24; the first plug 25 is located below the second plug 26;

[0057] The sand discharge mechanism can switch between a first state and a second state by sliding the sand discharge valve rod 24.

[0058] In the first state, the first plug 25 blocks the sand discharge port 212, and there is a gap between the second plug 26 and the sand inlet 211; in the second state, the second plug 26 blocks the sand inlet 211, and there is a gap between the first plug 25 and the sand discharge port 212.

[0059] It should be understood that the sand discharge valve stem 24 is slidably inserted into the sand discharge port 212, but during its sliding within the sand discharge port 212, the sand discharge port 212 should still maintain good sand discharge capability. For example, as Figure 3 As shown, a support 213 is provided outside the sand collecting hopper 21, and the sand discharge valve stem 24 is slidably connected to the support 213. Alternatively, a collar is provided inside the sand discharge port 212, the inner peripheral wall of the collar is slidably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the sand discharge valve stem 24, and there is a sufficient gap between the outer peripheral wall of the collar and the sand discharge port 212 for sand discharge.

[0060] For cyclone dust collectors, if the sand collection hopper 21 is not properly sealed, gas will leak into the cone 22, severely reducing the separation efficiency. The airflow leaking into the sand collection hopper 21 below the cone 22 will directly cause small particles of impurities falling into the sand collection hopper 21 to be swept up by the upward swirling airflow inside the cyclone sand collector (it will also pick up some small particles of impurities that have already settled), which will directly affect the separation effect of the cyclone sand collector. For conventional cyclone sand collectors, when discharging small particles of impurities from the sand collection hopper 21, the sand collection hopper 21 must be opened. At this time, external air can directly enter the cone 22, causing the cyclone sand collector to malfunction during the sand discharge period of the sand collection hopper 21, resulting in an intermittent gas extraction and separation process.

[0061] During normal operation of the oil removal and defoaming separation device provided in this embodiment, the sand discharge valve rod 24 is lowered so that the first plug 25 blocks the sand discharge port 212, and the sand inlet 211 is in a conductive state (i.e., the sand discharge mechanism is in the first state), so that the small particulate impurities separated by the cyclone sand separator are deposited in the sand collection hopper 21. When the sand collection hopper 21 needs to discharge sand, the sand discharge valve rod 24 is pushed upward so that the second plug 26 blocks the sand inlet 211, and the sand discharge port 212 is conductive (i.e., the sand discharge mechanism is in the second state), thereby discharging the small particulate impurities in the sand collection hopper 21 downward. During the sand discharge process of the sand collection hopper 21, the sand inlet 211 of the sand collection hopper 21 is blocked. During this period, the small particulate impurities separated by the cyclone sand separator are temporarily stored in the temporary storage tube 23. Furthermore, during the sand discharge process of the sand collection hopper 21, the cyclone sand separator will not leak air due to sand discharge. Thus, the sand discharge process will not affect the separation effect of the entire cyclone sand separator, allowing the gas extraction and separation process to continue even when the sand collection hopper 21 is discharging sand.

[0062] Preferably, a flexible pad is provided on the contact surface between the first plug 25 and the sand discharge port 212, and on the contact surface between the second plug 26 and the sand inlet 211. More preferably, both the first plug 25 and the second plug 26 are conical; the tip of the first plug 25 faces the sand discharge port 212, and the tip of the second plug 26 faces the temporary storage tube 23.

[0063] Therefore, by setting a flexible pad, the airtightness of the first plug 25 sealing the sand discharge port 212 and the second plug 26 sealing the sand inlet 211 can be increased, thereby preventing air leakage in the cyclone sand separator and ensuring its separation effect. The conical surface of the first plug 25 sealing the sand discharge port 212 and the conical surface of the second plug 26 sealing the sand inlet 211 provide an even better airtight seal.

[0064] Preferably, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a check cone 29 is also provided at the connection position between the temporary storage tube 23 and the cone 22, with the tip of the check cone 29 facing the cone 22. Obviously, the check cone 29 should not impede the entry of small particulate impurities into the temporary storage tube 23. For this purpose, the check cone 29 can be, for example, fixedly connected to the temporary storage tube 23 and / or the cone 22 by a connecting rod (e.g., ...). Figure 3 The diagram shows the situation where the check cone 29 is located at the bottom of the cone 22. Similarly, the check cone 29 can also be installed on the upper part of the temporary storage tube 23. A gap is left between the check cone 29 and the cone 22 to allow small particulate impurities to pass through.

[0065] Accordingly, when the sand discharge mechanism is in the second state, since the second plug 26 blocks the sand inlet 211, during this period (when small particulate impurities in the sand collection hopper 21 are discharged from the sand discharge outlet 212), the small particulate impurities separated by the cyclone sand separator will temporarily accumulate in the temporary storage tube 23. Since these small particulate impurities located in the temporary storage tube 23 are close to the cone 22, they are easily swept up and carried out by the upward swirling airflow inside the cyclone sand separator. By setting the check cone 29, it is possible to effectively prevent the upward swirling airflow from affecting the small particulate impurities located in the temporary storage tube 23 (the upward swirling airflow is guided by the cone surface of the check cone 29 towards the cone 22, making it difficult to affect the small particulate impurities in the temporary storage tube 23), thereby preventing the deposited small particulate impurities from being rolled up again and carried into the subsequent separation equipment (the small particulate impurities enter the temporary storage tube 23 by swirling downward along the inner wall of the cone 22 under the action of centrifugal force and their own gravity, and the small particulate impurities that have entered the temporary storage tube 23 need to be driven by the upward swirling airflow inside the cone 22 to re-enter the cone 22. By setting the check cone 29, the disturbance of the upward swirling airflow to the small particulate impurities deposited inside the temporary storage tube 23 can be avoided as much as possible).

[0066] Example 3:

[0067] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment is based on embodiment 2, the difference being that in this embodiment:

[0068] The sand removal mechanism also includes an elastic tube 27 and a sleeve 28;

[0069] The sand discharge valve stem 24 is slidably inserted into the sand discharge port 212; the first plug 25 is located below the second plug 26 and both are located in the sand collection hopper 21; the first plug 25 is slidably connected to the sand discharge valve stem 24, and the second plug 26 is fixedly connected to the sand discharge valve stem 24; one end of the elastic tube 27 is fixedly connected to the first plug 25, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second plug 26;

[0070] A stop 241 is provided on the section of the sand discharge valve stem 24 located outside the sand collection hopper 21; the sleeve 28 is slidably sleeved outside the sand discharge valve stem 24 and located between the stop 241 and the first plug 25;

[0071] The first plug 25 blocks the sand discharge port 212, the second plug 26 blocks the sand inlet port 211, and the elastic tube 27 is in a compressed state.

[0072] It should be understood that the internal cavity of the cyclone sand separator needs to be airtight. Clearly, the connection between the elastic tube 27 and the first plug 25, as well as the connection with the second plug 26, are airtight connections, and the peripheral wall of the elastic tube 27 is also airtight. Preferably, the elastic tube 27 includes a spring and a covering body encasing the outer surface of the spring, and the elastic tube 27 is tubular with a cylindrical outer peripheral wall; the covering body is selected from one or more of rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyetheretherketone. Based on this, the elastic tube 27 possesses good elasticity while also having an airtight peripheral wall, and the outer peripheral wall does not affect the discharge of small particulate impurities in the sand collection hopper 21. As mentioned above, the sand discharge valve rod 24 is slidably inserted into the sand discharge port 212, but during its sliding within the sand discharge port 212, the sand discharge port 212 should still maintain good sand discharge capacity, which will not be elaborated further.

[0073] Obviously, in the oil removal and defoaming separation device provided in the aforementioned embodiment 2, during the process of the sand discharge mechanism switching between the first state and the second state, there is still a short period of conduction between the cone 22 and the external air. During this period, the air that enters the cone 22 will inevitably affect the separation effect of the cyclone sand separator.

[0074] During the normal operation of the oil removal and defoaming separation device provided in this embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown, under the elastic force of the elastic tube 27, both the sand inlet 211 and the sand outlet 212 are blocked, and the cone 22 has good airtight conditions with the outside. Then, by pushing the sleeve 28 downwards, the lower part of the sleeve 28 abuts against the stop part 241. Continuing to push the sleeve 28 downwards, the sand outlet valve stem 24 will move downwards with the sleeve 28 (the sleeve 28 pushes the sand outlet valve stem 24 downwards relative to the bracket 213). The second plug 26 will move downwards with the sand outlet valve stem 24, thereby opening the sand inlet 211, allowing small particles of impurities in the temporary storage tube 23 to enter the sand collection hopper 21 (during this process, the elastic tube 27 accumulates elastic potential energy, and the first plug 25 more tightly seals the sand outlet 212; during the pressure process of the elastic tube 27, its internal...). The gas in the space flows out through the sliding gap between the sand discharge valve stem 24 and the first plug 25, thus not hindering the compression of the elastic tube 27. Then, by pushing the sleeve 28 upward, the sand discharge valve stem 24 moves upward with the second plug 26 under the action of the elastic tube 27 releasing elastic potential energy to block the sand inlet 211. Then, the sleeve 28 continues to move upward until it abuts against the first plug 25 and pushes the first plug 25 upward to open the sand discharge port 212, allowing small particles of impurities in the sand collection hopper 21 to be discharged (during this process, the elastic tube 27 accumulates elastic potential energy, and the second plug 26 seals the sand inlet 211 more tightly). After that, the sleeve 28 slides downward again, and the first plug 25 moves downward to block the sand discharge port 212 under the action of the elastic tube 27 releasing elastic potential energy.

[0075] Therefore, by driving the sleeve 28 to reciprocate linearly along the axis of the sand discharge valve stem 24, the sand discharge mechanism can sequentially switch between four states: "blocking the sand inlet 211 and the sand discharge outlet 212" - "keeping the sand discharge outlet 212 blocked and opening the sand inlet 211" - "blocking the sand inlet 211 and the sand discharge outlet 212" - "keeping the sand inlet 211 blocked and opening the sand discharge outlet 212". This allows for continuous sand discharge during the gas separation process, and throughout the entire process, at least one of the sand inlet 211 and the sand discharge outlet 212 is blocked, ensuring a good airtight seal between the cone 22 of the cyclone separator and the outside environment.

[0076] Preferably, the sand discharge mechanism further includes a crank 31 and a connecting rod 32;

[0077] One end of the connecting rod 32 is hinged to the sleeve 28, and the other end is hinged to one end of the crank 31. The other end of the crank 31 is connected to a rotational power source. For example, the rotational power source is an electric motor, and the end of the crank 31 away from the connecting rod 32 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the electric motor. Obviously, the rotational power source is fixedly installed.

[0078] Thus, the crank 31, connecting rod 32, sleeve 28 and sand discharge valve rod 24 constitute the crank 31 slider mechanism, which can continuously and stably drive the sleeve 28 to reciprocate linearly along the axis of the sand discharge valve rod 24. Furthermore, by setting an appropriate sleeve 28 stroke and reciprocating frequency, the sand discharge mechanism can promptly guide small particulate impurities in the temporary storage tube 23 into the sand collection hopper 21 and promptly discharge the small particulate impurities that have entered the sand collection hopper 21.

[0079] Example 4:

[0080] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the oil removal and defoaming separation device also includes a turbine expander and an absorption tower 5;

[0081] A liquid collection tank 51 is provided at the bottom of the absorption tower 5, and the liquid collection tank 51 is filled with absorption liquid.

[0082] The outlet pipe 30 of the cyclone sand separator is connected to the gas inlet of the expansion end of the turbine expander, and the gas outlet of the expansion end is connected to the absorbent liquid; an outlet 52 for discharging natural gas is provided at the top of the absorption tower 5.

[0083] A metering element (not shown in the figure) is connected to the gas outlet 52. The metering element is used to monitor the amount of finished natural gas discharged through the gas outlet 52. Preferably, the metering element is an ultrasonic flow meter or a turbine flow meter. It should be understood that the oil removal and defoaming separation device also integrates a control terminal. The metering element is electrically connected to the control terminal, and the monitoring data of the metering element can be transmitted to the control terminal in real time for display and storage.

[0084] Preferably, the absorbent is selected from one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and methanol.

[0085] Therefore, a turboexpander can be used to depressurize the gas from the cyclone desander, allowing it to be fully depressurized and slowed down before entering the absorption tower 5. This enables more thorough contact between the gas and the absorbent liquid, maximizing the absorption of acidic components (especially carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide) from the gas (obviously, the mist-like liquid phase entering the cyclone desander will also be incorporated into the absorbent liquid), thereby achieving the goal of removing carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the deep well gas. Furthermore, during the depressurization process of the gas from the cyclone desander, the turboexpander can also extract the work done by the gas expansion process, converting it into kinetic or electrical energy.

[0086] Preferably, a gas distribution head 53 is provided in the liquid collection tank 51, and the gas outlet of the expansion end is connected to the air inlet end 531 of the gas distribution head 53; a plurality of gas distribution holes 532 are provided at the lower part of the gas distribution head 53, and each of the gas distribution holes 532 is located in the absorbent liquid in the liquid collection tank 51.

[0087] As a result, the gas from the turbine expander enters the absorbent at a slower speed and in a more uniform distribution, allowing the carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and mist-like liquid phase contained in the gas to be absorbed more evenly by the absorbent, thus achieving a better deacidification effect.

[0088] Preferably, the oil removal and defoaming separation device further includes a regeneration tower 6, a return pipe 61, and a delivery pipe 62;

[0089] The regeneration tower 6 is higher than the absorption tower 5; a packing layer 54 is also provided between the liquid collection tank 51 and the gas outlet 52;

[0090] One end of the return pipe 61 is connected to the absorbent in the collection tank 51, and the other end is connected to the regeneration tower 6; one end of the delivery pipe 62 is located in the absorbent in the regeneration tower 6, and the other end is connected between the packing layer 54 and the outlet 52.

[0091] An impeller 611 is also provided in the return pipe 61. The impeller shaft 612 of the impeller 611 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pipe and extends outward through the pipe wall. The impeller shaft 612 is connected to the output shaft of the turbine expander through a transmission mechanism.

[0092] It should be understood that the regeneration tower 6 includes a heating device (e.g., an electric heating device) for heating the absorbent inside the regeneration tower 6. This heating device can stably maintain the absorbent inside the regeneration tower 6 at its corresponding regeneration temperature so that the absorbed carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are released. Accordingly, an outlet pipe for discharging the released carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide is provided at the top of the regeneration tower 6. The impeller shaft 612 can be directly and coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the turbine expander, or the output shaft of the turbine expander can be driven to the impeller shaft 612 through a gearbox (e.g., a gear transmission).

[0093] Therefore, the oil removal and defoaming separation device provided in this embodiment can drive the impeller 611 to rotate by utilizing the work done by the high-temperature and high-pressure gas expansion process of the turbine expander, thereby realizing the circulation of the absorbent between the absorption tower 5 and the regeneration tower 6 (the absorbent in the absorption tower 5 is pumped into the regeneration tower 6 by the impeller 611, and the absorbent in the regeneration tower 6 flows towards the absorption tower 5 under the action of gravitational potential energy), thus eliminating the need for a separate circulation pump; after the carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide contained in the gas entering the absorption tower 5 are initially absorbed by the absorbent in the collection tank 51, they enter the packing layer 54 above and are further fully contacted with the absorbent in the packing layer 54 and are absorbed a second time, improving the absorption efficiency; the circulating and continuously regenerated absorbent can always maintain a high absorption efficiency (avoiding the absorption efficiency of the absorbent from decreasing as the absorption of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide increases), thus always maintaining the high-efficiency absorption capacity of the absorption tower 5 for carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in the input gas.

[0094] Preferably, a liquid distribution head 55 is provided between the packing layer 54 and the air outlet 52, and one end of the liquid delivery pipe 62 located between the packing layer 54 and the air outlet 52 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the liquid distribution head 55; the lower part of the liquid distribution head 55 is provided with a plurality of liquid distribution holes.

[0095] As a result, the absorbent enters the packing layer 54 more evenly, allowing the absorbent to be replenished more uniformly into the packing layer 54.

[0096] Example 5:

[0097] This embodiment is based on embodiment 4, except that in this embodiment, the end of the crank 31 away from the connecting rod 32 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the turbine expander.

[0098] Obviously, when the pressure and velocity of the deep well gas reaching the surface fluctuate, the pressure and velocity of the gas entering the turbine expander also fluctuate accordingly. Furthermore, the higher the pressure and velocity, the greater the content of small particulate impurities it carries, causing the temporary storage tube 23 to fill up in a shorter time. However, in the oil removal and defoaming separation device provided in this embodiment, the turbine expander drives the casing 28 in reciprocating linear motion (powered by the work done during the high-temperature, high-pressure gas expansion process, which will not be elaborated further). When the pressure and velocity of the gas entering the turbine expander fluctuate, the rotational speed of the turbine expander's output shaft also fluctuates accordingly, causing the frequency of the reciprocating linear motion of the casing 28 to fluctuate accordingly. For example, when the pressure and velocity of the deep well gas increase, the deep well gas... As more small particulate impurities are carried into the cyclone desander, the temporary storage tube 23 will be filled in a shorter time. However, at the same time, the gas pressure and velocity entering the turbine expander also increase, and the corresponding output shaft speed of the turbine expander also increases. Consequently, the reciprocating linear motion frequency of the casing 28 is also faster. Thus, the casing 28 can still drive the second plug 26 to open the sand inlet 211 in time to discharge the small particulate impurities in the temporary storage tube 23, avoiding the accumulation of too many small particulate impurities in the temporary storage tube 23 and being swept up by the upward swirling airflow. This ensures the separation efficiency of the cyclone desander under the condition of fluctuations in the raw gas pressure and velocity in the deep well. Moreover, the reciprocating linear motion frequency of the casing 28 is compatible (positively correlated) with the slag storage rate in the temporary storage tube 23, eliminating the need for a speed regulating mechanism.

[0099] Example 6:

[0100] This embodiment provides a method of using an oil removal and defoaming separation device. Based on the aforementioned oil removal and defoaming separation device, the method of use includes:

[0101] When the oil removal and defoaming separation device is used for deep well raw gas treatment, the deep well raw gas from the production tubing is connected to the small end of the cone tube 12, so that the deep well raw gas passes sequentially through the inertial separator, the cyclone desander, the turbine expander and the absorption tower 5 to separate natural gas.

[0102] Therefore, by connecting the deep well raw gas to the oil removal and defoaming separation device, the rock and soil debris, small particulate impurities and acid components in the deep well raw gas can be automatically removed. The oil removal and defoaming separation device has a high degree of automation and strong functional integration.

[0103] It should be understood that in this application, the terms "sliding connection", "sliding insertion", and "sliding sleeve" refer to two things that can only slide relative to each other, such as dovetail grooves, T-grooves, etc., where "insertion" means that one is inside the other and "sleeve" means that one is outside the other.

[0104] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil removal and defoaming separation device, characterized in that, Including inertial separators and cyclone sand separators; The inertial separator includes a conical tube (12), a gas-distributing cone (13), and a cylindrical inertial chamber (11). The tapered tube (12) is located inside the inertial chamber (11), and the wellhead section (14) of the production tubing passes through the bottom plate (111) of the inertial chamber (11) and is fixedly connected to the small end of the tapered tube (12). The tip of the gas distribution cone (13) is inserted into the large end of the cone tube (12), and there is a gap between the cone surface of the gas distribution cone (13) and the inner wall of the cone tube (12); the other end of the gas distribution cone (13) is provided with a connecting part (131), and the connecting part (131) is fixedly connected to the top plate (112) of the inertial chamber (11). The air inlet pipe (20) of the cyclone sand separator passes through the top plate (112) and connects to the connecting part (131) on the side facing the interior of the air distribution cone (13); A sand inlet (211) and a sand outlet (212) are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the sand collection hopper (21) of the cyclone sand separator, and a temporary storage pipe (23) is provided between the cone (22) of the cyclone sand separator and the sand inlet (211). The cyclone sand separator also includes a sand discharge mechanism, which includes a sand discharge valve stem (24), a first plug (25), a second plug (26), an elastic tube (27), and a sleeve (28). The sand discharge valve stem (24) is slidably inserted into the sand discharge port (212); the first plug (25) is located below the second plug (26) and both are located in the sand collection hopper (21); the first plug (25) is slidably connected to the sand discharge valve stem (24), and the second plug (26) is fixedly connected to the sand discharge valve stem (24); one end of the elastic tube (27) is fixedly connected to the first plug (25), and the other end is fixedly connected to the second plug (26); A stop (241) is provided on the section of the sand discharge valve stem (24) located outside the sand collection hopper (21); the sleeve (28) is slidably sleeved outside the sand discharge valve stem (24) and located between the stop (241) and the first plug (25); The first plug (25) blocks the sand discharge port (212), the second plug (26) blocks the sand inlet port (211), and the elastic tube (27) is in a compressed state.

2. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting part (131) is tubular, and a plurality of mesh holes (132) are provided on the peripheral wall of the connecting part (131).

3. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top plate (112) extends toward the air distribution cone (13) with a retaining ring (15), and the connecting part (131) is located inside the retaining ring (15) and there is a gap between the connecting part (131) and the retaining ring (15); the length of the retaining ring (15) is less than the length of the connecting part (131).

4. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (111) is inclined, and the highest point of the base plate (111) is lower than the large end of the cone tube (12); the inertial separator also includes a slag discharge pipe (16), which is located below the base plate (111) and penetrates the base plate (111); a gate for opening and closing the slag discharge pipe (16) is provided on the slag discharge pipe (16).

5. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A check cone (29) is also provided at the connection position between the temporary storage tube (23) and the cone (22), with the tip of the check cone (29) facing the cone (22).

6. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand discharge mechanism also includes a crank (31) and a connecting rod (32); One end of the connecting rod (32) is hinged to the sleeve (28), and the other end is hinged to one end of the crank (31); the other end of the crank (31) is connected to a rotational power source.

7. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a turboexpander and an absorption tower (5); A liquid collection tank (51) is provided at the bottom of the absorption tower (5), and the liquid collection tank (51) is filled with absorption liquid; The outlet pipe (30) of the cyclone sand separator is connected to the gas inlet of the expansion end of the turbine expander, and the gas outlet of the expansion end is connected to the absorbent liquid; an outlet (52) for discharging natural gas is provided at the top of the absorption tower (5). A metering element is connected to the gas outlet (52) for monitoring the amount of finished natural gas discharged through the gas outlet (52).

8. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The absorbent is selected from one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and methanol.

9. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A gas distribution head (53) is provided in the liquid collection tank (51), and the gas outlet of the expansion end is connected to the air inlet end (531) of the gas distribution head (53); a plurality of gas distribution holes (532) are provided at the lower part of the gas distribution head (53), and each of the gas distribution holes (532) is located in the absorbent liquid in the liquid collection tank (51).

10. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a regeneration tower (6), a return pipe (61), and a delivery pipe (62). The regeneration tower (6) is higher than the absorption tower (5); a packing layer (54) is also provided between the liquid collection tank (51) and the gas outlet (52). One end of the return pipe (61) is connected to the absorbent in the collection tank (51), and the other end is connected to the regeneration tower (6); one end of the delivery pipe (62) is located in the absorbent in the regeneration tower (6), and the other end is connected between the packing layer (54) and the outlet (52); An impeller (611) is also provided in the pipeline of the return pipe (61). The impeller shaft (612) of the impeller (611) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pipeline, and the impeller shaft (612) extends outward through the pipe wall of the pipeline. The impeller shaft (612) is connected to the output shaft of the turbine expander through a transmission mechanism.

11. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 10, characterized in that, A liquid distribution head (55) is provided between the packing layer (54) and the air outlet (52). One end of the liquid delivery pipe (62) located between the packing layer (54) and the air outlet (52) is connected to the liquid inlet end of the liquid distribution head (55). The lower part of the liquid distribution head (55) is provided with several liquid distribution holes.

12. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the crank (31) away from the connecting rod (32) is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the turbine expander.

13. An oil removal and defoaming separation device, characterized in that, Including inertial separators and cyclone sand separators; The inertial separator includes a conical tube (12), a gas-distributing cone (13), and a cylindrical inertial chamber (11). The tapered tube (12) is located inside the inertial chamber (11), and the wellhead section (14) of the production tubing passes through the bottom plate (111) of the inertial chamber (11) and is fixedly connected to the small end of the tapered tube (12). The tip of the gas distribution cone (13) is inserted into the large end of the cone tube (12), and there is a gap between the cone surface of the gas distribution cone (13) and the inner wall of the cone tube (12); the other end of the gas distribution cone (13) is provided with a connecting part (131), and the connecting part (131) is fixedly connected to the top plate (112) of the inertial chamber (11). The air inlet pipe (20) of the cyclone sand separator passes through the top plate (112) and connects to the connecting part (131) on the side facing the interior of the air distribution cone (13); A sand inlet (211) and a sand outlet (212) are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the sand collection hopper (21) of the cyclone sand separator, and a temporary storage pipe (23) is provided between the cone (22) of the cyclone sand separator and the sand inlet (211). The cyclone sand separator also includes a sand discharge mechanism, which includes a sand discharge valve stem (24), a first plug (25), and a second plug (26). The sand discharge valve stem (24) is slidably inserted into the sand discharge port (212); the first plug (25) and the second plug (26) are both located in the sand collection hopper (21) and are both fixedly connected to the sand discharge valve stem (24); the first plug (25) is located below the second plug (26); The sand discharge mechanism can switch between a first state and a second state by sliding the sand discharge valve rod (24); In the first state, the first plug (25) blocks the sand discharge port (212), and there is a gap between the second plug (26) and the sand inlet (211); in the second state, the second plug (26) blocks the sand inlet (211), and there is a gap between the first plug (25) and the sand discharge port (212).

14. The oil removal and defoaming separation device according to claim 13, characterized in that, A check cone (29) is also provided at the connection position between the temporary storage tube (23) and the cone (22), with the tip of the check cone (29) facing the cone (22).

15. A method of using an oil removal and defoaming separation device, based on the oil removal and defoaming separation device according to any one of claims 7-12, characterized in that, include: When the oil removal and defoaming separation device is used for deep well raw gas treatment, the deep well raw gas from the production tubing is connected to the small end of the cone tube (12), so that the deep well raw gas passes through the inertial separator, the cyclone desander, the turbine expander and the absorption tower (5) in sequence to obtain natural gas.

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