Waste gas recovery tower and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and discloses a waste gas recovery tower which comprises a tower body, a gas inlet pipe arranged on the side wall of the bottom, a gas outlet pipe arranged on the top, manholes uniformly distributed in the side wall and sealed through flanges; the gas-liquid reaction section comprises an aeration assembly immersed below the liquid level of the liquid storage tank and a rotary spraying assembly located above the liquid level, the aeration assembly and the rotary spraying assembly are in reverse rotation linkage through a planetary gear transmission mechanism, and the rotary spraying assembly is driven by a driving assembly; through the reverse flow field design of upward spraying of the gas spraying ring and downward spraying of the liquid spraying ring and in combination with a two-way rotating mechanism driven by a planetary gear transmission mechanism, the liquid spraying ring and the gas spraying ring continuously and reversely rotate to generate dynamic shearing force, and gas and liquid phases form a continuously updated contact interface in an annular turbulence gap; the pollutant absorption efficiency is obviously enhanced, and the mass transfer bottleneck of a traditional spray tower is broken through.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment technology, specifically to a waste gas recovery tower and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Waste gas recovery towers are key equipment in industrial waste gas treatment systems, widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, coating, and semiconductor manufacturing industries. They are primarily used to remove harmful gaseous components from waste gases, such as acidic gases, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter, to meet environmental emission standards and achieve resource recycling. Their basic working principle involves the contact and reaction of gas and liquid phases within the tower, causing pollutants in the waste gas to dissolve or undergo chemical reactions with the absorbent liquid, thereby achieving purification. Common waste gas recovery towers often employ packed towers or spray tower structures, increasing the gas-liquid contact area through packing layers or forming a liquid film through nozzles that facilitates mass transfer with the rising airflow.

[0003] However, existing waste gas recovery towers still face several technical bottlenecks in actual operation, affecting their treatment efficiency and operational stability. Firstly, traditional spray structures often use static nozzles, where liquid is sprayed downwards at a fixed angle to form a liquid curtain, while gas flows upwards through the packing layer or directly contacts the liquid curtain. Because the flow directions of the gas and liquid phases are relatively fixed and the contact method is singular, the gas-liquid interface renewal rate is low, easily forming localized mass transfer saturation zones, thus limiting the improvement of overall mass transfer efficiency. Especially when treating high-concentration or poorly soluble pollutants, the driving force for mass transfer is insufficient, often requiring increased tower height or a higher liquid-to-gas ratio, resulting in bulky equipment and increased energy consumption.

[0004] Secondly, existing spray systems commonly face the problem of nozzle clogging. During long-term operation, impurities in the absorbent liquid, precipitates generated from the reaction, or particulate matter carried by the exhaust gas can easily deposit at the nozzle outlet or internal flow channel, causing partial or complete blockage of the nozzles. Once the nozzles are clogged, it will lead to uneven distribution of the liquid curtain, forming "dry zones" or "deviations," which seriously affects the uniformity of gas-liquid contact and mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, clogging increases the frequency of equipment maintenance and downtime, reducing the system's continuous operation capability. Although some equipment uses filtration devices or periodic flushing measures, it is difficult to fundamentally solve the risk of clogging during dynamic operation, especially when treating exhaust gases with complex compositions.

[0005] Furthermore, the gas-liquid flow path design in traditional structures is relatively simple, lacking active means of flow field control. This makes it difficult to achieve deep mixing and efficient shearing of the gas and liquid phases, resulting in the mass transfer process being limited by the diffusion rate, and overall purification efficiency being difficult to further improve. These problems restrict the development of existing waste gas recovery towers in terms of high efficiency, low energy consumption, and long-term stable operation, and there is an urgent need to optimize the gas-liquid mass transfer process through structural innovation to improve equipment performance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste gas recovery tower to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a waste gas recovery tower, comprising: The tower body has an air inlet pipe on the bottom side wall and an air outlet pipe on the top. Manholes are evenly distributed on the side walls and sealed by flanges. The internal layout, from bottom to top, is as follows: Gas-liquid reaction section: includes an aeration component submerged below the liquid surface of the storage tank and a rotary spray component located above the liquid surface. The two are linked by rotating in opposite directions through a planetary gear transmission mechanism. The rotary spray component is driven by a drive component. Solid phase adsorption section: removable composite packing layer and activated carbon layer; Dehumidification and drying section: Defogging component and drying component; in: The air outlet of the aeration component is directly opposite the spraying area of ​​the rotary spray component. The suction head of the rotary spray assembly extends to the liquid storage tank and is equipped with an anti-clogging component. The gas-liquid reaction section occupies 60%-70% of the lower part of the tower, while the solid phase adsorption section and the dehumidification and drying section are distributed upwards in sequence. The sprayed liquid collected in the solid adsorption section and the dehumidification and drying section is returned to the storage tank through the liquid collection channel.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the rotating spray assembly includes: The hollow positioning column is vertically set in the center of the liquid storage tank by the first radial fixing rod, and the material is austenitic stainless steel. A movable sleeve is fitted onto the outside of the hollow positioning post; The bottom suction rod is vertically fixed to the lower end of the hollow positioning column, and the end is equipped with a suction head. The outer wall of the suction head is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer. The nested annular spray component includes multiple coaxially nested liquid spray rings, adjacent liquid spray rings are connected by a Y-shaped liquid connecting rod, the innermost liquid spray ring is connected to a hollow positioning column by a Y-shaped liquid connecting rod, and liquid spray holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the liquid spray ring. The inner wall of the Y-shaped liquid connecting rod is polished and coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick layer.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the cooperative layout of the aeration component and the rotary spray component includes: The gas spray ring is coaxially nested inside the liquid spray ring on its radial side; Adjacent gas spray rings are connected by a gas connecting rod; The gas spray nozzle is tilted upwards axially; The liquid spray nozzle is tilted axially downwards to spray; An annular turbulent gap is formed between the gas spray ring and the liquid spray ring; Detailed structure of aeration components: The upper hollow nested ring is coaxially sleeved inside the gas spray ring assembly and is connected to the gas spray ring assembly; The lower hollow nested ring is coaxially sleeved at the bottom of the hollow positioning post and connected to the intake pipe; The flow channels are evenly distributed circumferentially between the upper hollow nested ring and the lower hollow nested ring.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the planetary gear transmission mechanism includes: The sun gear is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the hollow positioning post and is made of nitrided alloy steel. The gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the movable sleeve and is coaxially arranged with the sun gear. The inner tooth surface is coated with a molybdenum disulfide lubricating layer. Planetary gears are evenly distributed circumferentially between the sun gear and the ring gear; Planetary gear shaft, with a fixed central rod at the bottom, and a gas connecting rod of the aeration component movably connected to the end of the central rod; The driving component includes: The gearbox is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body by a second radial fixing rod; A drive motor is fixed to the outer wall of the tower body, and a drive rod is fixedly installed at the output end. A first bevel gear is fixedly installed at the end of the drive rod. The second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow positioning post by a fixing post and meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the anti-clogging component includes: The annular filter screen is composed of two semi-cylinders that are magnetically joined together, with a silicone rubber sealing gasket at the joint. The bottom is embedded in the sealing groove of the tower body and is equipped with a magnetic sealing ring. The spiral scraper is fixed to the inner wall of the semi-cylinder, and the blade of the spiral scraper is fitted with the outer wall of the suction head with a clearance.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the composite filler layer comprises, from bottom to top: Supporting grid: Three-dimensional wave-shaped grid bars are arranged radially and interlaced to form a diamond grid, and the surface of the grid bars is covered with an alumina ceramic layer; Coarse filter layer: multi-layer composite fiber mesh, made of glass fiber and stainless steel wire, with corrugated guide vanes sandwiched between layers, and the pore size of the fiber mesh decreases from bottom to top; Chemical absorption layer: honeycomb ceramic carrier with calcium oxide composite particles loaded in the pores; Adsorption reaction layer: Modified activated carbon module with sulfide catalytic groups grafted onto the surface and ultraviolet lamps embedded inside the carbon block.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the activated carbon layer includes: The honeycomb activated carbon block is integrally formed with the surrounding Hastelloy frame, and the honeycomb channels are axially connected. Dovetail tenon joint mechanism: including upper tenon and lower mortise, vertically clamping and fixing the activated carbon layer; The water collection tank is distributed in a ring along the side wall of the activated carbon layer, and the bottom is connected to a titanium alloy drain pipe. The titanium alloy drain pipe runs through the side wall of the tower body and connects to the liquid collection channel of the dehumidification and drying section.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the dehumidification and drying section includes: Demister: The outer baffle blades, arranged in a ring, extend to the top of the water collection tank; The centrally enclosed concave baffle has its curved surface center point located at the structural apex, and its downward-sloping edge forms a guide slope. Guide tongues are evenly distributed around the edge, and the guide tongues are inserted into the outer deflector blades. Wire mesh demister: The surface is covered with a hydrophobic coating of polydimethylsiloxane, and the edge extends to the inlet of the liquid collection channel; Liquid collection channel: lined with a polyethylene anti-corrosion layer, with the outlet end connected to the liquid storage tank.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the gas spraying ring has a refined structure: The high-pressure inner cavity and the low-pressure outer cavity are coaxially nested, and the cross-section of the cavity is elliptical. The high-pressure inner cavity and the low-pressure outer cavity are connected by a porous pressure-stabilizing partition. Refined structure of gas spray orifice: The central main nozzle radiates inclined secondary nozzles around its perimeter, and the axes of the inclined secondary nozzles intersect the axis of the central main nozzle at an acute angle. Refined structure of liquid spray nozzles: A nested double-layer conical vortex configuration consisting of an axial through-hole and a radial vortex channel; The inner wall of the radial swirl channel is equipped with spiral guide ribs.

[0016] A method for operating a waste gas recovery tower includes the following steps: a. Gas-liquid turbulent reaction: The exhaust gas enters the gas-liquid reaction section through the air inlet pipe and is sprayed upward through the aeration components to form a reverse air column; At the same time, the rotating spray assembly draws the absorbent liquid from the storage tank through the suction head and sprays it downward through the liquid spray ring to form a liquid curtain. The gas jet and the liquid jet collide and collide within the annular turbulent gap, forming a multi-directional turbulent mixed phase. b. Reverse rotation coordination: The drive component drives the rotary spray component to rotate around the axis; The planetary gear transmission mechanism converts the rotary motion into the reverse rotation of the aeration components; The liquid spraying ring and the gas spraying ring rotate continuously in opposite directions, enhancing the renewal of the gas-liquid interface; c. Anti-clogging circulation: During the suction process, the spiral scraper of the anti-clogging component rotates circumferentially to scrape away the adsorbed material; The gap between the magnetically attached joints of the annular filter screen is adjusted in real time to prevent large particles from entering. d. Multi-stage adsorption and purification: The gas rises through the solid-phase adsorption section, and after being physically intercepted, chemically absorbed, and catalytically degraded by the composite packing layer, it enters the activated carbon layer for deep adsorption. The saturated adsorption liquid is collected in the collection tank and then directed to flow through the drain pipe. e. Gas-solid separation and regeneration: As the gas enters the dehumidification and drying section, the central concave baffle of the deflector forces the droplets to slide onto the guide slope. The droplets are transferred to the outer deflector blades via the guide tongue, and finally flow into the collection tank; The wire mesh demister captures residual micro-droplets, and the dry gas is discharged from the outlet pipe; f. Closed-loop liquid collection and recovery: The liquid captured by the solid-phase adsorption section and the dehumidification and drying section flows into the liquid collection channel. The liquid in the collection channel flows back to the storage tank by gravity for recycling.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: (1) This device significantly improves gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency through innovative structural design of the gas-liquid reaction section. The gas spray ring and liquid spray ring adopt a coaxial nested cavity and reverse injection layout, combined with the acute angle intersection structure of the central main nozzle and the inclined secondary nozzle, so that the airflow forms a spiral diffusion path when it is ejected. The liquid spray hole is a nested double-layer conical spiral configuration of axial straight channel and radial swirling channel. Under the action of spiral guide rib, it generates centrifugal atomization effect, forming a uniform and dense downward liquid curtain. The gas jet and liquid spray flow collide in the annular turbulent gap, generating high-intensity shear and multi-directional turbulence, which greatly increases the gas-liquid contact area, enhances the dissolution of pollutants and chemical reaction rate, and effectively improves the waste gas purification effect.

[0018] (2) This device further optimizes the gas-liquid hybrid dynamic process through a reverse rotation cooperative mechanism. The drive component drives the rotating spray component to rotate, and the planetary gear transmission mechanism converts the motion into the reverse rotation of the aeration component, realizing the continuous reverse rotation of the liquid spray ring and the gas spray ring. This motion mode breaks the limitations of traditional static spraying, so that the gas-liquid interface is constantly renewed, avoiding local saturation or reaction stagnation, maintaining a highly efficient mass transfer state. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation helps to remove deposits around the nozzles, reduce the risk of clogging, and ensure the stability and reliability of the system during long-term operation.

[0019] (3) This device is equipped with a complete anti-clogging circulation system, which significantly enhances the self-cleaning ability and continuous operation of the equipment. The spiral scraper on the outer periphery of the suction head scrapes off the attached impurities synchronously with the rotation, preventing the accumulation of adsorbents from affecting the liquid extraction efficiency. The annular filter screen adopts a magnetic splicing structure, which is easy to disassemble, clean and adjust the gap, effectively intercepting large particles of impurities from entering the spray system. This dual protection mechanism controls the risk of clogging from the source, reduces the frequency of manual maintenance, and improves the automation level and long-term operational stability of the system.

[0020] (4) This device constructs a multi-stage purification system in the solid-phase adsorption section to achieve gradient removal of pollutants. The composite packing layer integrates physical interception, chemical absorption and catalytic degradation functions to process pollutants of different properties step by step. The activated carbon layer adopts a honeycomb structure and is integrally formed with a Hastelloy frame, which has a high specific surface area and structural strength to ensure deep adsorption performance. The dovetail tenon joint mechanism realizes modular installation, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance. The water collection tank and titanium alloy drain pipe form a corrosion-resistant and pressure-resistant guide channel to discharge the saturated liquid generated during the adsorption process in a timely manner, prevent liquid accumulation from causing a decrease in adsorption efficiency, and ensure that the adsorption material works continuously and efficiently.

[0021] (5) This device achieves efficient gas-solid separation and gas drying in the dehumidification and drying section. The baffle demister forces the droplets entrained in the airflow to slide along the guide slope through the synergistic effect of the central closed concave baffle and the outer baffle blades, and accurately transfers them to the water collection area through the guide tongue. The surface of the wire mesh demister is covered with a hydrophobic coating, which significantly reduces the adhesion of droplets, effectively captures residual fine mist droplets, ensures that the outlet gas is highly dry, avoids the impact of moisture on subsequent equipment or processes, and improves the overall purification quality.

[0022] (6) This device establishes a closed-loop liquid recovery system to realize the recycling of resources and environmentally friendly operation. The saturated liquid and condensate collected in the solid phase adsorption section and the dehumidification and drying section flow into the liquid collection channel and return to the liquid storage tank by gravity through the channel lined with the anti-corrosion layer. The absorbent can be regenerated in the liquid storage tank and then reintroduced into the spray cycle, reducing the consumption of fresh liquid and the discharge of waste liquid. This not only reduces operating costs but also reduces the risk of secondary pollution, which meets the technical requirements of green and sustainable development. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a first perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second perspective view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a third perspective view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a fourth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a first partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a second partial perspective view of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a third partial perspective view of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a fourth partial perspective view of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a fifth partial perspective view of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a sixth partial perspective view of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a third-dimensional schematic diagram of the seventh part of the present invention; Figure 12 This is the eighth partial perspective view of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a third-dimensional schematic diagram of the ninth part of the present invention; Figure 14 This is the present invention. Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 15 This is the present invention. Figure 11 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; In the diagram: 100-Tower body, 101-Inlet pipe, 102-Outlet pipe, 103-Manhole, 104-Flange, 200-Gas-liquid reaction section, 201-Storage tank, 210-Aeration assembly, 211-Flow channel, 212-Gas spray ring, 2121-High-pressure inner cavity, 2122-Low-pressure outer cavity, 2123-Porous pressure-stabilizing baffle, 213-Gas connecting rod, 214-Gas spray hole, 2141-Central main spray hole, 2142-Inclined secondary spray hole, 215-Upper hollow nested ring, 216-Lower... Hollow nested ring, 220-rotary spray assembly, 221-suction head, 222-hollow positioning post, 223-movable sleeve, 224-first radial fixing rod, 225-liquid spray ring, 226-Y-shaped liquid connecting rod, 227-liquid spray hole, 2271-axial straight channel, 2272-radial swirl channel, 2273-spiral guide rib, 228-bottom suction rod, 230-planetary gear transmission mechanism, 231-sun gear, 232-gear ring, 233-planetary gear, 234-row gear... Star gear shaft, 235-center rod, 240-drive assembly, 241-gearbox, 242-second radial fixing rod, 243-drive motor, 244-drive rod, 245-first bevel gear, 246-second bevel gear, 247-fixed column, 250-anti-clogging assembly, 251-ring filter screen, 252-magnet, 253-silicone rubber sealing gasket, 254-magnetic sealing ring, 255-spiral scraper, 300-solid phase adsorption section, 310-composite packing layer, 311-support grid, 31 2-Coarse filter layer, 313-Chemical absorption layer, 314-Adsorption reaction layer, 320-Activated carbon layer, 321-Honeycomb activated carbon block, 322-Hastelloy frame, 323-Upper tenon, 324-Lower mortise, 325-Water collection tank, 326-Titanium alloy drain pipe, 400-Dehumidification and drying section, 410-Baffle demister, 411-Outer baffle blades, 412-Central closed concave baffle, 413-Guide slope, 414-Guide tongue, 420-Wire mesh demister, 430-Liquid collection channel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-15 The present invention provides a technical solution: a waste gas recovery tower, comprising: The tower body 100 has an air inlet pipe 101 on the bottom side wall and an air outlet pipe 102 on the top. Manholes 103 are evenly distributed on the side wall and sealed by flanges 104. The internal layout, from bottom to top, is as follows: Gas-liquid reaction section 200: includes an aeration component 210 submerged below the liquid surface of the storage tank 201 and a rotary spray component 220 located above the liquid surface. The two are linked by rotating in opposite directions through a planetary gear transmission mechanism 230. The rotary spray component 220 is driven by a drive component 240. Solid phase adsorption section 300: detachable composite filler layer 310 and activated carbon layer 320; Dehumidification and drying section 400: Demisting component and drying component; in: The air outlet of the aeration component 210 is directly opposite the spraying area of ​​the rotary spray component 220. The suction head 221 of the rotary spray assembly 220 extends to the liquid storage tank 201, and is externally equipped with an anti-clogging assembly 250; The gas-liquid reaction section 200 occupies 60%-70% of the lower part of the tower body 100, while the solid phase adsorption section 300 and the dehumidification and drying section 400 are distributed upwards in sequence. The spray liquid collected in the solid adsorption section 300 and the dehumidification and drying section 400 flows back to the storage tank 201 through the liquid collection channel 430. Specifically, the rotating spray assembly 220 includes: Hollow positioning column 222 is vertically set in the center of liquid storage tank 201 via first radial fixing rod 224, and is made of austenitic stainless steel. The movable sleeve 223 is fitted onto the outside of the hollow positioning post 222; The bottom suction rod 228 is vertically fixed to the lower end of the hollow positioning column 222, and the end is provided with a suction head 221. The outer wall of the suction head 221 is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer. The nested annular spray component includes multiple coaxially sleeved liquid spray rings 225. Adjacent liquid spray rings 225 are connected by a Y-shaped liquid connecting rod 226. The innermost liquid spray ring 225 is connected to a hollow positioning post 222 by the Y-shaped liquid connecting rod 226. Liquid spray holes 227 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the liquid spray ring 225. Among them, the inner wall of the Y-shaped liquid connecting rod 226 is polished and the surface is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick layer. The rotary spray assembly 220 achieves efficient mass transfer in the gas-liquid reaction section 200 through the stable support of the austenitic stainless steel hollow positioning column 222, the dynamic rotation of the movable sleeve 223, the efficient extraction of the bottom suction rod 228, and the uniform coverage of the nested spray ring. The hollow positioning column 222 serves as the main axis of rotation of the rotary spray assembly and is vertically fixed to the center of the liquid storage tank 201 through the first radial fixing rod 224. The material is austenitic stainless steel (such as 316L), which combines high strength and corrosion resistance, ensuring long-term stable operation in the absorbent liquid (containing acid, alkali / organic solvent) environment. The movable sleeve 223 is rigidly connected to the hollow positioning column 222 through a low-friction bearing (such as a precision ball bearing or PTFE sliding bearing) to prevent axial displacement (such as vertical movement) of the hollow positioning column 222 during rotation, ensuring the concentricity and stability of the rotating spray assembly 220, providing radial constraint for the rotating parts, and avoiding vibration and displacement caused by gas-liquid impact. The suction rod 228 is vertically fixed to the lower end of the hollow positioning column 222, and the end suction head 221 extends into the bottom of the liquid storage tank 201. The absorbent liquid is drawn into the system by negative pressure (or pumping). Both the suction head and the suction pump are common technologies in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here. The outer wall of the suction head 221 is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer (hardness ≥ HRC65), which effectively resists the friction and wear of particulate matter (such as activated carbon fragments and dust), extending the service life by more than 3 times (compared to uncoated stainless steel). Multiple annular liquid spray rings 225 are nested along the axis, with the inner layer covering the airflow center area and the outer layer covering the edge area, ensuring 360° uniform liquid curtain coverage. Adjacent liquid spray rings 225 are connected by a Y-shaped connecting rod 226 to form a liquid diversion channel. The inner wall of the Y-shaped liquid connecting rod 226 is polished to reduce liquid flow resistance and prevent high-viscosity absorbent liquid (such as surfactant-containing solutions) from depositing on the pipe wall, avoiding the risk of blockage. Specifically, the cooperative arrangement of the aeration component 210 and the rotary spray component 220 includes: The gas spray ring 212 is coaxially nested on the radial inner side of the liquid spray ring 225; Adjacent gas spray rings 212 are connected by a gas connecting rod 213; Gas spray nozzle 214 sprays gas axially upward at an angle. Liquid spray nozzle 227 is tilted downwards axially for spraying; An annular turbulent gap is formed between the gas spray ring 212 and the liquid spray ring 225; Aeration Component 210 Refined Structure: The upper hollow nested ring 215 is coaxially sleeved inside the gas spray ring assembly and is connected to the gas spray ring assembly; The lower hollow nested ring 216 is coaxially sleeved on the bottom of the hollow positioning post 222 and is connected to the air intake pipe 101; The circulation channels 211 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the upper hollow nested ring 215 and the lower hollow nested ring 216; The gas spray ring assembly is coaxially nested within the radially inner side of the liquid spray ring 225 (i.e., the gas spray ring is located in the central axial region of the liquid spray ring), forming an annular structure of "inner gas, outer liquid." This design ensures that the gas is sprayed upwards from the central region and the liquid is sprayed downwards from the outer region, with the two strictly opposing each other in the annular gap. The radial distance between the gas spray ring 212 and the liquid spray ring 225 (typically 10-20 mm) can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to different exhaust gas concentration requirements (e.g., narrowing the gap to enhance turbulence for high-concentration exhaust gas). The annular space formed between the gas spray ring 212 and the liquid spray ring 225 is a gas-liquid... In the core reaction area, the opposing forces of upward gas injection and downward liquid injection generate high shear stress, breaking the gas-liquid interface film and increasing the surface renewal rate of the droplets. The lower hollow nested ring 216 is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe 101 of the tower body 100, forming a static gas distribution chamber. The upper hollow nested ring 215 is coaxially fitted inside the gas spray ring assembly and can rotate around the axis to achieve dynamic gas delivery. Multiple sets of flow channels 211 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the upper and lower nested rings, forming airflow pathways. This nested design realizes the rotational gas distribution function, allowing high-pressure air to be stably introduced into the high-speed rotating gas spray system, avoiding pressure caused by airflow pulsation. The airflow from the aeration component 210, spraying upwards, and the airflow from the rotating spray component 220, spraying downwards, form a counter-current flow pattern. An annular turbulent gap is maintained between the gas spray ring 212 and the liquid spray ring 225. Driven by bidirectional rotation, a continuously renewing gas-liquid interface is formed. The direction of the gas jet and the tilt angle of the liquid jet are coordinated, allowing the high-speed airflow to precisely impact the descending liquid curtain, generating a multi-directional turbulent mixed phase. The aeration component 210 achieves counter-rotation with the rotating spray component 220 via a planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 (the aeration component 210 rotates counterclockwise, and the rotating spray component 220 rotates clockwise). The relative positions of the gas spray ring 212 and the liquid spray ring 225 are constantly changing, avoiding local gas-liquid interface stabilization and extending the gas-liquid contact time from 1-2 seconds in the traditional static system to 3-5 seconds. When the exhaust gas enters the lower hollow nested ring 216, it is introduced into the rotating upper hollow nested ring 215 through the flow channel 211 and finally distributed to the gas spray ring group. Driven by the planetary gear, the gas spray ring rotates in the opposite direction and sprays the airflow upward, forming a dynamic cross flow field with the forward rotating downward spraying liquid spray ring. The gas and liquid phases collide at high speed in the annular turbulent gap, and the continuously renewed gas-liquid interface significantly enhances the mass transfer process. Specifically, the planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 includes: Sun gear 231 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of hollow positioning post 222, and is made of nitrided alloy steel; Gear ring 232 is fixed to the inner wall of movable sleeve 223 and is coaxially arranged with sun gear 231. The inner tooth surface is coated with molybdenum disulfide lubricating layer. Planetary gears 233 are evenly distributed circumferentially between sun gear 231 and ring gear 232; Planetary gear shaft 234, bottom fixed center rod 235, the end of center rod 235 is movably connected to gas connecting rod 213 of aeration component 210; The drive component 240 includes: The gearbox 241 is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body 100 by the second radial fixing rod 242; The drive motor 243 is fixed to the outer wall of the tower body 100, and a drive rod 244 is fixedly installed at the output end. A first bevel gear 245 is fixedly installed at the end of the drive rod 244. The second bevel gear 246 is fixedly connected to the hollow positioning post 222 via the fixing post 247 and meshes with the first bevel gear 245. As the core transmission component of the gas-liquid reaction section of the waste gas recovery tower, the planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 is designed to achieve precise counter-rotation linkage between the rotary spray assembly 220 and the aeration assembly 210, thereby enhancing the gas-liquid reaction efficiency. The mechanism consists of a sun gear 231, a gear ring 232, a planetary gear 233 and a planetary gear shaft 234, and achieves power transmission and direction conversion through the drive assembly 240. The sun gear 231 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the hollow positioning column 222 and rotates synchronously with the hollow positioning column 222. It is made of nitrided alloy steel to ensure high hardness and wear resistance during long-term operation, effectively resisting mechanical wear in the gas-liquid reaction environment and ensuring transmission stability. The gear ring 232 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 223 and is coaxially set with the sun gear 231. As a fixed fulcrum of the transmission system, its inner tooth surface is coated with a molybdenum disulfide lubricating layer, which significantly reduces the frictional resistance during gear meshing, avoids jamming or premature failure caused by dry friction, and extends the service life of the mechanism. The planetary gears 233 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the sun gear 231 and the gear ring 232 to form a multi-point meshing structure, so that the planetary gears 233 can simultaneously achieve rotation and revolution under the rotational drive of the sun gear. When the sun gear 231 rotates with the hollow positioning column, the planetary gears 233, under the fixed constraint of the gear ring 232, convert the rotational power into reverse output through meshing transmission, ensuring the smoothness of the transmission process and the uniformity of torque distribution. The planetary gear shaft 234 has a fixed center rod 235 at the bottom. The end of the center rod 235 is movably connected to the gas communication rod 213 of the aeration assembly 210, which directly transmits the rotational power of the planetary gear to the aeration assembly 210. This connection method ensures that the power transmission is seamless, so that the aeration assembly 210 can obtain a precise reverse rotation output, which is strictly opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating spray assembly 220. The drive assembly 240 realizes power input and direction conversion through the gearbox 241, drive motor 243 and bevel gear set. The gearbox 241 is firmly installed on the inner wall of the tower body 100 through the second radial fixing rod 242, providing rigid support for the transmission system. The drive motor 243 is fixed on the outer wall of the tower body 100. The first bevel gear 245 is installed at the end of the drive rod 244 at its output end, which meshes with the second bevel gear 246. The second bevel gear 246 is fixed above the hollow positioning column 222 through the fixing column 247, which converts the horizontal rotation of the drive motor 243 into vertical rotational power, driving the hollow positioning column 222 to rotate clockwise, so that the drive system is separated from the tower body structure, which is convenient for maintenance and avoids interference with the internal reaction process. The core function of the planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 is as follows: with the fixed gear ring 232 as the fulcrum, the sun gear 231 inputs rotational power, the planetary gear 233 realizes power conversion, and finally the planetary gear shaft 234 outputs reverse rotation to the aeration component 210. This transmission mechanism enables the rotating spray component 220 and the aeration component 210 to rotate continuously in opposite directions. The liquid and gas sprayed by the two form a dynamic countercurrent turbulence in the annular gap, which significantly enhances the renewal rate and mass transfer efficiency of the gas-liquid contact interface. At the same time, the fixed setting of the gear ring 232 gives the mechanism a self-locking characteristic, preventing reverse transmission and ensuring that the aeration component 210 rotates only in the designed direction, improving the reliability of system operation. As a key power conversion device in the gas-liquid reaction section, this transmission mechanism provides an efficient and stable dynamic reaction environment for the waste gas recovery tower through precise gear meshing and structural layout. Specifically, the anti-clogging component 250 includes: The annular filter screen 251 is composed of two semi-cylinders that are attracted and spliced ​​together by magnets 252. A silicone rubber sealing gasket 253 is provided at the joint. The bottom is embedded in the sealing groove of the tower body and is provided with a magnetic sealing ring 254. The spiral scraper 255 is fixed to the inner wall of the semi-cylinder, and the cutting edge of the spiral scraper 255 is clearance-fitted with the outer wall of the suction head 221. The anti-clogging component 250 is used to prevent the suction head 221 from becoming clogged due to the accumulation of impurities during liquid suction, and to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the rotary spray component 220. The component includes two parts: an annular filter screen 251 and a spiral scraper 255. The two work together to achieve a dynamic anti-clogging function. The annular filter screen 251 adopts a modular design, consisting of two semi-cylindrical structures joined together by magnets 252, which facilitates quick installation and disassembly. Silicone rubber sealing gaskets 253 are set at the joints to effectively prevent liquid leakage from the joints and ensure the sealing integrity of the filtration system. The bottom of the annular filter screen 251 is embedded in the sealing groove of the tower body 100 and is equipped with a magnetic sealing ring 254. This magnetic structure achieves a tight fit between the bottom and the tower body 100 through magnetic attraction, further enhancing the sealing performance and preventing liquid leakage from the bottom gap. This filter screen structure pre-filters the liquid before it enters the suction head 221, intercepting large particulate impurities and preventing impurities from directly contacting the suction head 221. The spiral scraper 255 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the semi-cylindrical part of the annular filter screen 251. Its cutting edge maintains a precise clearance fit with the outer wall of the suction head 221. When the rotating spray assembly 220 is running, the anti-clogging assembly 250 rotates synchronously with the assembly. The cutting edge of the spiral scraper 255 moves circumferentially on the outer wall of the suction head 221, continuously scraping away impurity particles attached to the outer wall of the suction head. The clearance fit design ensures that the cutting edge of the spiral scraper 255 does not make rigid contact with the suction head, which avoids scratching the surface of the suction head and effectively removes the attached substances. This scraping action is synchronized with the rotation of the rotating spray assembly, forming a dynamic cleaning mechanism to prevent impurities from accumulating on the outer wall of the suction head and causing blockage. The synergistic effect of the annular filter 251 and the spiral scraper 255 achieves dual protection: the annular filter 251 filters large particulate impurities before the liquid enters, and the spiral scraper 255 scrapes off impurities on the outer wall of the suction head in real time. Together, they ensure the smoothness of the suction process. This design does not require an additional cleaning procedure and automatically completes the anti-clogging function through rotational motion, significantly reducing the frequency of equipment downtime maintenance and improving the long-term reliability of the system. Specifically, the composite filler layer 310 comprises, from bottom to top: Support grid 311: Three-dimensional wave-shaped grid bars are arranged in a radial and interlaced manner to form a diamond grid, and the surface of the grid bars is covered with an alumina ceramic layer; Coarse filter layer 312: Multi-layer composite fiber mesh, made of glass fiber and 316L stainless steel wire, with corrugated guide vanes sandwiched between layers, and the pore size of the fiber mesh decreases from bottom to top. Chemical absorption layer 313: honeycomb ceramic carrier, with calcium oxide composite particles loaded in the pores; Adsorption reaction layer 314: Modified activated carbon module, with sulfide catalytic groups grafted onto the surface, and ultraviolet lamps embedded inside the carbon block; The composite packing layer 310, as a key purification unit of the waste gas recovery tower, consists of a supporting grid 311, a coarse filter layer 312, a chemical absorption layer 313, and an adsorption reaction layer 314 arranged sequentially from bottom to top. These layers work synergistically to achieve multi-stage, high-efficiency purification of the waste gas. The supporting grid 311 uses a three-dimensional wave-shaped grid arranged radially and interlaced to form a diamond-shaped mesh structure. The surface of the grid is coated with an alumina ceramic layer, which not only provides stable structural support to prevent deformation and collapse of the packing layer but also adapts to the harsh environment of chemical waste gas due to the high wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the ceramic layer. Simultaneously, the diamond-shaped mesh design effectively guides the airflow to a uniform distribution, avoiding localized airflow deviation. The coarse filter layer 312 is composed of a multi-layer composite fiber mesh woven from glass fiber and 316L stainless steel wire, with wave-shaped guide vanes embedded between the layers. The fiber mesh pore size decreases gradually from bottom to top. The system employs a tiered filtration mechanism: the lower layer intercepts large particles, while the upper layer captures fine particles. A wave-shaped guide vane optimizes the airflow path, reduces short-circuiting, improves filtration efficiency, and extends the lifespan of subsequent layers. The chemical absorption layer 313 uses a honeycomb ceramic carrier with calcium oxide composite particles loaded within its pores. Through chemical reactions, it selectively absorbs acidic gases such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide. The honeycomb structure significantly increases the reaction contact area, enhancing the contact between the gas and the absorbent and achieving efficient chemical conversion. The adsorption reaction layer 314 is composed of modified activated carbon modules with sulfide catalytic groups grafted onto the surface. Ultraviolet lamps are embedded within the carbon blocks. The activated carbon provides a high specific surface area for adsorbing organic pollutants, the sulfide catalytic groups promote catalytic oxidation reactions, and the ultraviolet lamps excite the photocatalytic process, synergistically enhancing the decomposition and conversion efficiency of pollutants. The four-layer structure forms a complete purification chain from bottom to top, consisting of physical filtration, chemical absorption, and catalytic adsorption. The supporting grid ensures structural stability, the coarse filter layer pre-treats impurities, the chemical absorption layer treats acidic components, and the adsorption reaction layer deeply purifies organic matter. The functions of each layer are closely connected, avoiding the limitations of a single purification method and significantly improving the overall purification efficiency and system reliability. At the same time, the modular design facilitates maintenance and replacement, extending the service life of the equipment. Specifically, the activated carbon layer 320 includes: The honeycomb activated carbon block 321 is integrally formed with the surrounding Hastelloy frame 322, and the honeycomb channels are axially connected. Dovetail tenon joint mechanism: including upper tenon 323 and lower mortise 324, which vertically engage and fix activated carbon layer 320; Water collection tank 325 is distributed in a ring along the side wall of activated carbon layer 320, and the bottom is connected to titanium alloy drain pipe 326. Titanium alloy drain pipe 326 penetrates the side wall of tower body 100 and is connected to liquid collection channel 430 of dehumidification and drying section 400. The honeycomb activated carbon block 321 is integrally formed with the surrounding Hastelloy frame 322. The honeycomb channels are axially continuous. The integral forming process ensures a gapless connection between the activated carbon block and the frame, significantly improving structural strength and vibration resistance, and preventing component loosening or damage caused by airflow impact. The axially continuous design of the honeycomb channels keeps the gas flow path straight and unobstructed, effectively reducing airflow resistance, while maximizing the specific surface area of ​​the activated carbon and enhancing its adsorption capacity for pollutants in the exhaust gas. The dovetail joint mechanism consists of an upper tenon 323 and a lower mortise 324, which fixes the activated carbon layer 320 through a vertical snap-fit ​​method. This snap-fit ​​structure adopts a dovetail design to achieve quick installation and disassembly, facilitating maintenance and replacement of activated carbon blocks. The vertical snap-fit ​​method ensures that the activated carbon layer is stably positioned during operation, preventing damage caused by equipment vibration or airflow disturbance. The displacement caused by the movement ensures the continuity and reliability of the adsorption process. The water collection tank 325 is distributed in a ring along the side wall of the activated carbon layer 320 to collect condensate or liquid pollutants generated during the adsorption process. The ring distribution design allows the water collection tank 325 to evenly cover the outer perimeter of the activated carbon layer, ensuring that the liquid is promptly guided to the drainage system, avoiding the risk of decreased adsorption efficiency or blockage due to local liquid accumulation. The titanium alloy drain pipe 326 connects to the bottom of the water collection tank 325, penetrates the side wall of the tower body 100, and connects to the liquid collection channel 430 of the dehumidification and drying section 400. The titanium alloy material has excellent corrosion resistance and is suitable for treating liquids containing acids, alkalis, or organic solvents, ensuring long-term stable operation of the drain pipe. This drain pipe directs the liquid collected in the water collection tank to the dehumidification and drying section, realizing closed-loop recycling of the liquid, avoiding the retention of liquid substances in the activated carbon layer, and maintaining the continuous and efficient adsorption performance. Specifically, the dehumidification and drying section 400 includes: Demister 410: The annularly arranged outer baffle blades 411 extend above the water collection tank 325; The central closed concave baffle 412 has its curved surface center point located at the structural apex, and its edge slopes downward to form a guide slope 413. Guide tongues 414 are evenly distributed around the edge, and the guide tongues 414 are inserted into the outer deflector blades 411. Wire mesh demister 420: The surface is covered with a hydrophobic coating of polydimethylsiloxane, and the edge extends to the inlet of the liquid collection channel 430; Liquid collection channel 430: lined with a polyethylene anti-corrosion layer, with the outlet end connected to the liquid storage tank 201; As a key drying unit in the waste gas recovery system, the dehumidification and drying section 400 has the core function of efficiently removing residual mist and droplets from the gas to ensure the dryness and purity of the subsequent process gas, while realizing the closed-loop recovery of liquid substances. Through the coordinated design of the baffle demister 410, the wire mesh demister 420 and the liquid collection channel 430, a complete gas-liquid separation and liquid diversion system is constructed. The deflector 410 employs annularly arranged peripheral deflector blades 411, whose extended structure covers the water collection tank 325, forming a continuous airflow turning path. The peripheral blades guide the gas to flow along the annular trajectory, causing the entrained mist droplets to adhere to the blade surface due to inertial collision. The central closed concave baffle 412 is designed with a curved surface structure, with its apex located at the overall geometric center and its edge sloping downward to form a guide slope 413. This slope guides the coalesced droplets to flow downward along the slope. The guide tongues 414, evenly distributed around the edge of the baffle, are precisely inserted into the grooves on the upper surface of the peripheral deflector blades 411, forming multi-stage airflow turning points, which significantly enhances the mist droplet capture efficiency. The interlocking structure of the guide tongues 414 and the blade grooves avoids airflow short-circuiting, ensuring that the mist droplets continue to coalesce during multiple turns and finally converge along the guide slope to the water collection tank area. The wire mesh demister 420 is covered with a hydrophobic coating of polydimethylsiloxane. This coating effectively reduces the adhesion between the liquid and the wire mesh surface, preventing droplets from lingering on the wire mesh surface, thereby improving demister efficiency and reducing the risk of clogging. Its edge extends to the inlet of the liquid collection channel 430, ensuring that the droplets after gas demistering can be seamlessly introduced into the liquid collection channel, achieving continuous gas-liquid separation. The cascaded arrangement of the wire mesh demister and the baffle demister forms a double demister barrier. The former handles larger droplets, while the latter captures fine mist droplets, together ensuring gas dryness. The liquid collection channel 430 is lined with a polyethylene anti-corrosion layer. This material has excellent chemical corrosion resistance and is suitable for handling liquids containing acids, alkalis or organic solvents, ensuring the integrity of the channel structure during long-term operation. The design of its outlet end connecting with the liquid storage tank 201 directs the liquid droplets collected by the liquid collection channel 430 back to the liquid storage tank 201, realizing the recycling of liquid and avoiding the accumulation of liquid substances in the system. The annular layout of the liquid collection channel 430 and its docking with the water collection tank 325 form a complete liquid recovery path from the adsorption layer to the liquid storage tank, maintaining the sustainability of the system operation. The overall function of the dehumidification and drying section 400 is achieved through the precise coordination of three parts: the baffle demister 410, through its annular blades and central baffle design, efficiently captures and guides mist droplets; the wire mesh demister 420, with its hydrophobic properties, enhances the separation of fine mist; and the liquid collection channel 430, through its corrosion-resistant lining and closed-loop connection, ensures leak-free liquid recovery. The three work together to achieve deep drying of the gas while eliminating the potential impact of liquid contaminants on downstream equipment, significantly improving the operational stability and maintenance convenience of the entire system. Specifically, the structure of the gas spray ring 212 is refined: The high-pressure inner cavity 2121 and the low-pressure outer cavity 2122 are coaxially nested, and the cross-section of the cavity is elliptical. The high-pressure inner cavity 2121 and the low-pressure outer cavity 2122 are connected by a porous pressure-stabilizing partition 2123; Refined structure of gas spray orifice 214: The central main nozzle 2141 radiates inclined secondary nozzles 2142 around its perimeter, and the axis of the inclined secondary nozzles 2142 intersects the axis of the central main nozzle 2141 at an acute angle. Refined structure of liquid spray nozzle 227: A nested double-layer conical spiral configuration of axial through-hole 2271 and radial swirl channel 2272; The inner wall of the radial swirl channel 2272 is provided with spiral guide ribs 2273; The gas spray ring 212 adopts a coaxial nested high-pressure inner cavity 2121 and low-pressure outer cavity 2122 structure. The cross-section of the cavity is elliptical, forming a unique fluid dynamic channel. The high-pressure inner cavity 2121 and low-pressure outer cavity 2122 are connected by a porous pressure-stabilizing baffle 2123. The porous design of the baffle allows for micro-flow exchange of gas between the cavities, effectively buffering gas pressure fluctuations, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the airflow during the spraying process, and preventing uneven spraying or local blockage caused by sudden pressure changes. The refined structure of the gas spray hole 214 consists of a central main spray hole 2141 and circumferentially radiating inclined secondary spray holes 2142. The axis of the inclined secondary spray holes 2142 intersects the axis of the central main spray hole 2141 at an acute angle. The central main spray hole 2141 provides the main gas stream, while the inclined secondary spray holes 2142 are evenly distributed circumferentially. Their inclination angle causes the airflow to form a spiral diffusion path when it is ejected. This acute angle intersection design causes the airflow to generate directional shear force at the injection outlet, which forms a dynamic counter-current with the liquid curtain sprayed downward by the liquid spray ring 225. This significantly enhances the turbulence intensity of the gas-liquid interface, prolongs the gas-liquid contact time, and improves the mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, the radial layout of the inclined secondary spray holes avoids concentrated gas injection, effectively disperses the airflow energy, reduces the risk of deposition around the spray hole, and ensures smooth operation in the long term. The structure of the gas spray ring 212, through the nesting of high-pressure and low-pressure chambers, the design of porous pressure-stabilizing baffles and spray holes with sharp angles, achieves precise control of the gas flow field: the high-pressure inner chamber 2121 provides stable input, the low-pressure outer chamber 2122 buffers fluctuations, the porous pressure-stabilizing baffle 2123 maintains uniformity, the inclined secondary spray holes 2142 enhance turbulence, and the central main spray hole 2141 ensures the main flow rate. This not only improves the gas-liquid reaction efficiency but also significantly reduces the probability of blockage, ensuring that the waste gas recovery system maintains high reliability and low maintenance requirements during long-term operation. The liquid spraying orifice adopts a nested double-layer conical spiral configuration of an axial straight-through channel 2271 and a radial swirling channel 2272. The axial straight-through channel 2271 serves as the main liquid flow channel, extending axially through the main body of the spraying orifice, providing a stable and low-resistance transport path for the liquid. This straight-through design ensures that the absorbent liquid can be quickly and uniformly transported from the storage tank 201 through the suction head 221 to the spraying orifice, avoiding liquid stagnation or pressure fluctuations caused by tortuous flow channels, thus laying the foundation for subsequent swirling action. The radial swirling channel 2272 and the axial straight-through channel 2271 form a nested structure, arranged radially around the straight-through channel. The inner wall of the channel is provided with spiral guide ribs 2273, whose continuous spiral design guides the flow. The liquid undergoes directional rotation within the swirling channel, creating a stable centrifugal force field. As the liquid flows through the swirling channel 2272, the spiral guide ribs 2273 cause the liquid to rotate axially and radially, generating a centrifugal ejection effect that atomizes the liquid into fine droplets and ejects them in a specific direction. The nested double-layer conical swirling configuration, through the synergistic effect of the axial through-hole and the radial swirling channel, forms a conical swirling jet path. The conical structure causes the liquid to naturally form a downward-sloping spiral liquid curtain at the orifice, creating an acute angle with the upward-spraying gas column from the gas spray ring 212. This configuration not only optimizes the liquid's jet angle but also continuously removes deposits around the orifice through the centrifugal force generated by the swirling flow, significantly reducing the risk of clogging. Simultaneously, the continuous surface of the spiral guide ribs 2273 makes the liquid flow more smoothly within the channel, reducing turbulent energy loss and ensuring that the liquid curtain uniformly covers the annular reaction area. The structural design of the liquid spray orifice 227 achieves multiple functions: the axial straight channel 2271 ensures the efficiency of liquid delivery, the radial swirl channel 2272 and the spiral guide rib 2273 work together to enhance the atomization effect, and the nested conical swirl configuration precisely controls the spray pattern. This design allows the liquid to be sprayed out in a stable and fine downward liquid curtain, which forms an efficient counter-current with the upward air column of the gas spray orifice 214 in the annular turbulent gap, greatly enhancing the gas-liquid interface renewal rate and mass transfer efficiency. At the same time, the swirl mechanism continuously cleans the orifice during the spraying process to avoid impurity deposition, ensuring the reliability and stability of the rotating spray assembly 220 in long-term operation, and providing key support for the efficient purification of the waste gas recovery tower. A method for operating a waste gas recovery tower includes the following steps: a. Gas-liquid turbulent reaction The exhaust gas enters the bottom of the gas-liquid reaction section 200 through the air inlet pipe 101. The aeration component 210 sprays the exhaust gas upward to form a counter-rotating air column. The air column generates a conical diffusion airflow through the gas spray hole 214. Simultaneously, the rotating spray component 220 draws the absorbent liquid in the liquid storage tank 201 through the suction head 221. The liquid is transported to the multi-layer liquid spray ring 225 through the hollow positioning column 222. The liquid spray hole 227 sprays the liquid downward to form a rotating liquid curtain. The upward air column and the downward liquid curtain collide at high speed in the annular turbulent gap. The gas impact force breaks the liquid curtain to form a gas-liquid emulsion phase.

[0026] b. Reverse rotation coordination The drive motor 243 drives the rotary spray assembly 220 to rotate forward around the axis through the first bevel gear 245 and the second bevel gear 246. The planetary gear transmission mechanism 230 decomposes the input torque: the meshing of the fixed sun gear 231 and the rotating gear ring 232 forces the planetary gear 233 to generate a rotational motion, and the planetary gear shaft 234 drives the aeration assembly 210 to rotate in the opposite direction through the central rod 235. The forward rotation of the liquid spray ring 225 and the reverse rotation of the gas spray ring 212 form a dynamic update of the gas-liquid interface.

[0027] c. Anti-clogging circulation During the process of the suction head 221 extracting liquid containing solids, the annular filter screen 251 intercepts large particles of impurities, the gap between the splicing surfaces attracted by the magnet 252 is adjusted in real time, and the spiral scraper 255 rotates synchronously with the suction head 221 to scrape off the surface adhering substances. The scraped-off impurities fall back to the sedimentation area at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 201, and the silicone rubber sealing gasket 253 and the magnetic sealing ring 254 ensure the reliability of the seal.

[0028] d. Multi-stage adsorption and purification As the gas rises and passes through the composite packing layer 310, it undergoes the following processes in sequence: Support grid 311 wavy grating bars for primary interception; A coarse filter layer with a 312 gradient pore size fiber mesh for graded collection; Chemical absorption layer: 313 calcium oxide composite particles chemically neutralize; The 314 modified activated carbon module in the adsorption reaction layer undergoes deep degradation. The saturated liquid is collected in the water collection tank 325 of the activated carbon layer 320 and then directed through the titanium alloy drain pipe 326.

[0029] e. Gas-solid separation and regeneration After the gas enters the dehumidification and drying section 400, the central concave baffle 412 of the deflector 410 changes the airflow direction, and the droplets flow down the guide slope 413. The guide tongue 414 transfers the droplets to the outer deflector blades 411, and finally they flow into the water collection tank 325. The wire mesh demister 420 captures the residual micro-droplets, and the dried gas is discharged from the outlet pipe 102 in compliance with standards.

[0030] f. Closed-loop liquid collection and recovery The dripping liquid from the composite packing layer 310, the liquid from the activated carbon layer 320 water collection tank 325, and the separated liquid from the dehumidification and drying section 400 all flow into the annular liquid collection channel 430. The liquid in the channel flows back to the storage tank 201 by gravity and is recycled through the inner polyethylene anti-corrosion layer.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas recovery tower, characterized in that, include: The tower body (100) has an air inlet pipe (101) on the bottom side wall and an air outlet pipe (102) on the top. Manholes (103) are evenly distributed on the side wall and sealed by flanges (104). The internal layout, from bottom to top, is as follows: Gas-liquid reaction section (200): includes an aeration component (210) submerged in the liquid surface of the storage tank (201) and a rotary spray component (220) located above the liquid surface. The two are linked by rotating in opposite directions through a planetary gear transmission mechanism (230). The rotary spray component (220) is driven by a drive component (240). Solid phase adsorption section (300): removable composite filler layer (310) and activated carbon layer (320); Dehumidification and drying section (400): Demisting component and drying component; in: The air outlet of the aeration component (210) is directly opposite the spraying area of ​​the rotary spray component (220); The suction head (221) of the rotary spray assembly (220) extends to the liquid storage tank (201) and is externally equipped with an anti-clogging component (250). The gas-liquid reaction section (200) occupies 60%-70% of the lower part of the tower body (100), and the solid phase adsorption section (300) and the dehumidification and drying section (400) are distributed upward in sequence; The spray liquid collected in the solid adsorption section (300) and the dehumidification and drying section (400) is returned to the storage tank (201) through the collection channel (430).

2. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary spray assembly (220) includes: The hollow positioning column (222) is vertically set in the center of the liquid storage tank (201) through the first radial fixing rod (224), and the material is austenitic stainless steel; The movable sleeve (223) is fitted onto the outside of the hollow positioning post (222); The bottom suction rod (228) is vertically fixed to the lower end of the hollow positioning column (222), and the end is provided with a suction head (221). The outer wall of the suction head (221) is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer. The nested annular spray component includes multiple coaxially sleeved liquid spray rings (225), adjacent liquid spray rings (225) are connected by a Y-shaped liquid connecting rod (226), the innermost liquid spray ring (225) is connected to a hollow positioning post (222) by a Y-shaped liquid connecting rod (226), and liquid spray holes (227) are evenly distributed at the bottom of the liquid spray ring (225). The inner wall of the Y-shaped liquid connecting rod (226) is polished and the surface is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene anti-stick layer.

3. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooperative arrangement of the aeration component (210) and the rotary spray component (220) includes: The gas spray ring (212) is coaxially nested on the radial inner side of the liquid spray ring (225); Adjacent gas spray rings (212) are connected by a gas connecting rod (213); The gas spray nozzle (214) is inclined upwards axially to spray gas; The liquid spray nozzle (227) is tilted downwards axially to spray liquid. An annular turbulent gap is formed between the gas spray ring (212) and the liquid spray ring (225); Refined structure of aeration component (210): The upper hollow nested ring (215) is coaxially sleeved inside the gas spray ring group and is connected to the gas spray ring group; The lower hollow nested ring (216) is coaxially sleeved at the bottom of the hollow positioning post (222) and connected to the air intake pipe (101); The circulation channel (211) is evenly distributed circumferentially between the upper hollow nested ring (215) and the lower hollow nested ring (216).

4. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 2, characterized in that, The planetary gear transmission mechanism (230) includes: The sun gear (231) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the hollow positioning post (222) and is made of nitrided alloy steel; The gear ring (232) is fixed to the inner wall of the movable sleeve (223) and is coaxially arranged with the sun gear (231). The inner tooth surface is coated with a molybdenum disulfide lubricating layer. Planetary gears (233) are evenly distributed circumferentially between the sun gear (231) and the gear ring (232); Planetary gear shaft (234), bottom fixed center rod (235), the end of center rod (235) is movably connected to the gas connecting rod (213) of aeration component (210); The drive component (240) includes: The gearbox (241) is fixed to the inner wall of the tower body (100) by the second radial fixing rod (242); A drive motor (243) is fixed to the outer wall of the tower body (100), and a drive rod (244) is fixedly installed at the output end. A first bevel gear (245) is fixedly installed at the end of the drive rod (244). The second bevel gear (246) is fixedly connected above the hollow positioning post (222) by the fixing post (247) and meshes with the first bevel gear (245).

5. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-clogging component (250) includes: The annular filter screen (251) is made of two semi-cylinders joined together by magnets (252), with silicone rubber sealing gaskets (253) at the joint, and the bottom is embedded in the tower body sealing groove and is equipped with a magnetic sealing ring (254). The spiral scraper (255) is fixed to the inner wall of the semi-cylinder, and the cutting edge of the spiral scraper (255) is fitted with the outer wall of the suction head (221) with clearance.

6. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite filler layer (310) comprises, from bottom to top: Support grid (311): Three-dimensional wave-shaped grid bars are arranged in a radial pattern to form a diamond grid, and the surface of the grid bars is covered with an alumina ceramic layer; Coarse filter layer (312): Multi-layer composite fiber mesh, made of glass fiber and 316L stainless steel wire, with corrugated guide vanes sandwiched between layers, and the pore size of the fiber mesh decreases from bottom to top. Chemical absorption layer (313): honeycomb ceramic carrier, with calcium oxide composite particles loaded in the pores; Adsorption reaction layer (314): Modified activated carbon module with sulfide catalytic groups grafted onto the surface and ultraviolet lamps embedded inside the carbon block.

7. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activated carbon layer (320) includes: The honeycomb activated carbon block (321) is integrally formed with the surrounding Hastelloy frame (322), and the honeycomb channels are axially connected. Dovetail tenon joint mechanism: including upper tenon (323) and lower mortise (324), which vertically engage and fix the activated carbon layer (320); The water collection tank (325) is distributed in a ring along the side wall of the activated carbon layer (320), and the bottom is connected to the titanium alloy drain pipe (326). The titanium alloy drain pipe (326) penetrates the side wall of the tower body (100) and is connected to the liquid collection channel (430) of the dehumidification and drying section (400).

8. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dehumidification and drying section (400) includes: Demister (410): The outer baffle blades (411) arranged in a ring extend above the water collection tank (325); The central closed concave baffle (412) has the center point of the curved surface located at the top of the structure, and the edge slopes down to form a guide slope (413). Guide tongues (414) are evenly distributed around the edge, and the guide tongues (414) are inserted into the outer deflector blades (411). Wire mesh demister (420): The surface is covered with a hydrophobic coating of polydimethylsiloxane, and the edge extends to the inlet of the liquid collection channel (430); Liquid collection channel (430): lined with polyethylene anti-corrosion layer, with the outlet end connected to the liquid storage tank (201).

9. The waste gas recovery tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: Refined structure of gas spray ring (212): The high-pressure inner cavity (2121) and the low-pressure outer cavity (2122) are coaxially nested, and the cross-section of the cavity is elliptical. The high-pressure inner cavity (2121) and the low-pressure outer cavity (2122) are connected by a porous pressure-stabilizing partition (2123); Refined structure of gas spray hole (214): The central main nozzle (2141) radiates circumferentially with inclined secondary nozzles (2142), and the axis of the inclined secondary nozzles (2142) intersects the axis of the central main nozzle (2141) at an acute angle. Refined structure of liquid spray nozzle (227): A nested double-layer conical spiral configuration consisting of an axial through-hole (2271) and a radial swirl channel (2272); The inner wall of the radial swirl channel (2272) is provided with spiral guide ribs (2273).

10. The operating method of a waste gas recovery tower according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Gas-liquid turbulent reaction: The exhaust gas enters the gas-liquid reaction section (200) from the air inlet pipe (101) and is sprayed upward through the aeration component (210) to form a reverse air column; At the same time, the rotating spray assembly (220) draws the absorbent liquid in the storage tank (201) through the suction head (221) and sprays it downward through the liquid spray ring (225) to form a liquid curtain; The gas jet and the liquid jet collide and collide within the annular turbulent gap, forming a multi-directional turbulent mixed phase. b. Reverse rotation coordination: The drive assembly (240) drives the rotary spray assembly (220) to rotate around the axis; The planetary gear transmission mechanism (230) converts the rotary motion into the reverse rotation of the aeration assembly (210); The liquid spraying ring (225) and the gas spraying ring (212) rotate in opposite directions to enhance the renewal of the gas-liquid interface; c. Anti-clogging circulation: During the suction process of the suction head (221), the spiral scraper (255) of the anti-clogging component (250) rotates circumferentially to scrape off the adsorbed material; The magnetic splicing surface of the annular filter (251) can be adjusted in real time to prevent large particles from entering; d. Multi-stage adsorption and purification: The gas rises through the solid phase adsorption section (300), and after being physically intercepted, chemically absorbed, and catalytically degraded by the composite packing layer (310), it enters the activated carbon layer (320) for deep adsorption. The water collection tank (325) collects the saturated adsorbent liquid, which is then directed through the titanium alloy drain pipe (326). e. Gas-solid separation and regeneration: Gas enters the dehumidification and drying section (400), and the central concave baffle (412) of the deflector (410) forces the droplets to slide onto the guide slope (413). The droplets are transferred to the outer baffle blades (411) via the guide tongue (414) and finally flow into the water collection tank (325). The wire mesh demister (420) captures residual micro-droplets, and the dry gas is discharged from the outlet pipe (102); f. Closed-loop liquid collection and recovery: The liquid captured by the solid adsorption section (300) and the dehumidification and drying section (400) flows into the liquid collection channel (430). The liquid in the collection channel (430) flows back to the storage tank (201) for recycling.

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