Inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at the explosion characteristics of a hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal powder composite system, the physical heat absorption explosion suppression effect and the chemical blocking explosion suppression effect of the explosion suppression material are enhanced, and the explosion suppression efficiency is further improved. The invention discloses an inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of deionized water, 3-5 parts of a salt additive, 3-5 parts of a surfactant, 20-30 parts of perfluorohexanone and 6-9 parts of hydrophobic SiO2. According to the inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material and the preparation method, the explosion suppression effect is remarkably improved, and the inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material has the characteristics of cleanness, high efficiency and convenience in storage and use; the method is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of explosion suppression technology for hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal powder gas-powder two-phase composite systems, and in particular to an inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] With the booming development of my country's hydrogen energy industry, solid-state hydrogen storage is currently one of the most promising methods due to its high hydrogen storage density and reusability. However, during hydrogen release, a two-phase explosion system of hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal powder can easily form, posing a higher risk of explosion than a single hydrogen explosion. Therefore, developing efficient hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal dust two-phase explosion inhibitors is crucial to ensuring the safe development of my country's hydrogen energy industry.

[0003] Currently, dry powder materials are widely used in industrial safety as a highly efficient explosion suppression medium. However, existing dry powder explosion suppression materials such as calcium carbonate, dry water, ABC powder, and BC powder mostly rely on powder inerting, pyrolysis endothermic reaction, and chemical explosion suppression to achieve their explosion suppression effect. However, due to the extremely low explosion sensitivity and rapid explosion process of hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal powder composite systems, conventional powder explosion suppression methods are significantly insufficient in suppressing explosions in these systems. Therefore, it is urgent to combine these materials with other explosion suppression methods to achieve a highly efficient, clean, and reliable explosion suppression and disaster reduction effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide an inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material, its preparation method and application, which, targeting the explosion characteristics of hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal powder composite system, enhances the physical heat absorption and chemical blocking explosion suppression effects of the explosion suppression material, and further improves the explosion suppression efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution provided by this invention is to provide an inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of deionized water, 3-5 parts of salt additives, 3-5 parts of surfactants, 20-30 parts of perfluorohexanone, and 6-9 parts of hydrophobic SiO2.

[0006] Furthermore, the salt additive is one or more of potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, sodium bicarbonate, ferric nitrate, and zinc nitrate.

[0007] Furthermore, the surfactant is one or more of perfluorooctyl ethyl triethoxysilane, perfluorobutyl sulfonyl fluoride, sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate, perfluoropolyether, Forafac1157, and sodium perfluorohexyl acetate.

[0008] Furthermore, the inert gas (driving gas) can be a commonly used physical explosion suppression gas, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, IG541, etc. In use, the high-pressure inert gas in the driving gas cylinder opens the container valve on the modified liquid-solid composite dry water material storage device, and the inert gas-liquid-solid composite explosion suppressant is transported through the pipeline to the nozzle and sprayed to the target area to suppress the explosion.

[0009] This invention also provides a method for preparing an inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material, comprising the following steps: first, salt additives are dissolved in deionized water, then surfactants and perfluorohexanone are added and stirred to form an emulsion, and finally hydrophobic SiO2 is added and stirred using a high-speed mixer to form a perfluorohexanone / inorganic salt liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression material.

[0010] This invention also provides an application of an inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant in the preparation of explosion suppressant media.

[0011] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) Salt additives effectively enhance the effect of suppressing explosive chain reaction; Perfluorohexanone is easy to evaporate, and surfactants can improve the compatibility of perfluorohexanone with water. Salt additive solution and perfluorohexanone form a stable modified mixture.

[0012] (2) By extending the contact time between the explosion suppressant and the flame, the explosion suppression effect is improved, and the explosion suppression material is also easier to prepare and store; the hydrophobic SiO2 can encapsulate the modified mixture to form a stable dry water material, which is convenient for transportation and use.

[0013] (3) The inert gas, as the driving gas, evenly disperses the modified dry water material in the confined space, reduces the initial explosion intensity and the buoyancy effect of flame turbulence, and further prolongs the contact time between the modified dry water material and the explosion flame, ultimately achieving the synergistic effect of physical and chemical explosion suppression. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 The pressure change curve of N2-perfluorohexanone / potassium carbonate-liquid / solid composite modified dry water for inhibiting hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal dust explosion is shown in the figure.

[0015] Figure 2 The pressure change curve of N2-perfluorohexanone / ammonium dihydrogen phosphate-liquid / solid composite modified dry water to inhibit hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal dust explosion is shown in the figure. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Example 1

[0017] The inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts deionized water, 5 parts potassium carbonate, 3 parts sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate, 20 parts perfluorohexanone, and 9 parts hydrophobic SiO2.

[0018] The preparation method is as follows: 5 parts of potassium carbonate are dissolved in 100 parts of deionized water, and then 3 parts of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate and 20 parts of perfluorohexanone are added and stirred to form an emulsion. Finally, the emulsion and 9 parts of hydrophobic SiO2 are added to a high-speed mixer and stirred at 5000 r / min for 3 min to finally form a perfluorohexanone / potassium carbonate liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant material. Example 2

[0019] The inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts deionized water, 5 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate, 20 parts perfluorohexanone, and 9 parts hydrophobic SiO2.

[0020] The preparation method is as follows: 5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are dissolved in 100 parts of deionized water, and then 3 parts of sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate and 20 parts of perfluorohexanone are added and stirred to form an emulsion. Finally, the emulsion and 9 parts of hydrophobic SiO2 are added to a high-speed mixer and stirred at 5000 r / min for 3 min to finally form a perfluorohexanone / ammonium dihydrogen phosphate liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant material.

[0021] This invention involves adding salt additives to deionized water to form a composite solution, then adding surfactants and perfluorohexanone and stirring to form an emulsion. Finally, the emulsion and hydrophobic SiO2 are added to a high-speed mixer, where the dry water material encapsulates the composite solution, thus forming a stable liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant under high-speed stirring. This preparation method allows perfluorohexanone and salt additives to form a microemulsion, which is then coated with hydrophobic SiO2 powder to form a modified dry water material, significantly improving its stability. Furthermore, using an inert gas as a driving gas, the modified dry water material is uniformly dispersed within a confined space, reducing the initial explosion intensity and flame turbulence buoyancy effect, further extending the contact time between the modified dry water material and the explosion flame. Ultimately, this achieves a synergistic effect of physical and chemical explosion suppression. The explosion suppression method and component ratio of this invention enable the inert gas, perfluorohexanone, and salt additives to better exert their synergistic effect, further enhancing the physical and chemical explosion suppression performance of the suppressant. Relevant experimental data are as follows: The liquid-solid composite modified dry water material used in the experiments of this invention has an inerting ratio of 40% as an example: Figure 1This is the pressure change curve of N2-perfluorohexanone / potassium carbonate-liquid / solid composite modified dry water for inhibiting hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal dust explosion, as shown in Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 As can be seen, under the inhibition effect of dry water, the peak pressure of pure hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal dust explosion decreased by 31%, and the arrival time of the peak pressure was delayed by 69.2%; under the inhibition effect of Example 1, the peak pressure of explosion decreased by 42.5%, and the arrival time of the peak pressure was delayed by 118.3%; while under the N2-perfluorohexanone / potassium carbonate-liquid / solid composite modified dry water inhibition, the explosion overpressure can be further effectively reduced, with the peak pressure of pure hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal dust explosion decreasing by 51% and the arrival time of the peak pressure delayed by 165.9%.

[0022] Figure 2 This is the pressure change curve of N2-perfluorohexanone / ammonium dihydrogen phosphate-liquid / solid composite modified dry water for inhibiting hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal dust explosion, as shown in Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 2 As can be seen, under the suppression effect of Example 2, the peak explosion pressure decreased by 46%, and the arrival time of the peak pressure was delayed by 142.5%; while under the suppression effect of N2-perfluorohexanone / ammonium dihydrogen phosphate-liquid / solid composite modified dry water, the peak explosion pressure of pure hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal dust was reduced by 57.9%, and the arrival time of the peak pressure was delayed by 173.6%.

[0023] The results show that the inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppression method of the present invention has significantly improved the suppression effect on hydrogen / hydrogen storage metal dust explosion overpressure, and other embodiments can also achieve the same or similar experimental results.

[0024] This invention involves spraying liquid-solid composite modified dry water into a confined space under inert gas propulsion. Compared to conventional explosion suppressants, the inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water and the explosion suppression method exert a synergistic physical and chemical explosion suppression effect through gas-phase inerting, evaporative endothermic reaction, and interruption of chain reactions, thereby reducing casualties and losses caused by explosions. Surface activity enables perfluorohexanone to form a more stable solution with deionized water and salt additives. The salt additives effectively inhibit the explosive chain reaction. This liquid-solid composite modified dry water material provides both physical and chemical suppression for gas-powder two-phase composite explosion systems. The use of inert gas coupled with powder spraying further dilutes and inertizes the powder, enhancing the physical and chemical explosion suppression effect. This invention's inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant material and preparation method significantly improve the explosion suppression effect, and are characterized by being clean, efficient, easy to store and use, making them suitable for widespread application.

[0025] The applicant should point out that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any technical solution that is essentially the same as the technical solution of the present invention by using equivalent or equivalent substitution means shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant, characterized in that, It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts deionized water, 3-5 parts salt additives, 3-5 parts surfactants, 20-30 parts perfluorohexanone, and 6-9 parts hydrophobic SiO2.

2. The inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The salt additive is one or more of potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, sodium bicarbonate, ferric nitrate, and zinc nitrate.

3. The inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfactant is one or more of the following: perfluorooctyl ethyl triethoxysilane, perfluorobutyl sulfonyl fluoride, sodium perfluorononenoxybenzenesulfonate, perfluoropolyether, Forafac1157, and sodium perfluorohexyl acetate.

4. The inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inert gas is one or more of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, and IG541.

5. The preparation method of the inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant material according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, First, the salt additive is dissolved in deionized water, then the surfactant and perfluorohexanone are added and stirred to form an emulsion. Finally, hydrophobic SiO2 is added and stirred with a high-speed mixer to form a perfluorohexanone / inorganic salt liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant material.

6. The application of the inert gas / liquid-solid composite modified dry water explosion suppressant material according to any one of claims 1-4 in the preparation of explosion suppressant media.

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