Fermented soft granular material for livestock and poultry and preparation method of fermented soft granular material
By fermenting the probiotics and enzymes in the soft pellet feed, the problem of undigested nutrients in the feed is solved, improving the growth performance and intestinal health of poultry and livestock, and achieving efficient breeding results and food safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511548086.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
AI Technical Summary
Nutrients in existing feed accumulate and cannot be effectively digested by poultry and livestock, leading to insufficient fattening or egg and milk production, and a decrease in the feed input-output ratio. Increasing nutrient content will increase raw material costs and reduce profit margins.
The fermented soft pellet feed, which includes starch, chilled fish, protein, vitamins, minerals and compound microbial enzymes, improves feed utilization and gut health and reduces antibiotic use through fermentation with probiotics and enzyme preparations.
It improves animal growth rate and production performance, reduces feed conversion ratio, enhances appetite, improves gut health, reduces drug residues, improves food safety and flavor, and meets green and healthy farming standards.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry and its preparation method, belonging to the field of livestock and poultry feed technology. Background Technology
[0002] Large-scale intensive livestock farming generally relies on feed. During feed-based farming, it's crucial to ensure sufficient carbohydrates, protein, fat, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, and other nutrients in the feed so that livestock can quickly gain weight, produce eggs, or produce milk. However, simply piling up and increasing the amount of nutrients in the feed is insufficient. No matter how much nutrient is added, livestock cannot digest it, and it won't increase weight or egg or milk production—in other words, it won't improve yield. Furthermore, feed has a limited carrying capacity; it's impossible to infinitely pile nutrients into a unit weight of feed. Additionally, the more nutrients in the feed, the better the raw materials used in its production, which can easily lead to a lower input-output ratio in feed-based farming, consequently reducing profit margins. Therefore, it's necessary to develop a fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry and its preparation method to address these issues. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry that can effectively improve the input-output ratio and increase the yield, as well as its preparation method.
[0004] The technical solution of this invention is: A fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry, characterized by comprising the following components: Starch 30-60%, Fresh Fish 10-30% Protein 10-30%, Vitamins 0.5-1% Minerals 0.5-3%, Fat 2-5% Compound bacterial enzyme 0.5-2%.
[0005] Preferably, a fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry is characterized by comprising the following components: Starch 35-60%, Fresh Fish 10-25% Protein 10-25%, Vitamins 0.5-1% Minerals 1-3%, Fat 2-5% Compound bacterial enzyme 0.5-2%.
[0006] The compound bacterial enzyme comprises bacterial strains and enzymes, and the bacterial strains and enzymes are combined; the bacterial strains are any one or more combinations of lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus, yeast, Enterococcus faecalis, and butyric acid bacteria, and the enzymes include proteases and amylases.
[0007] A method for preparing fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry, characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) First, weigh out the following ingredients according to the above weight proportions: corn (starch), chilled fish, wheat bran, soybean meal (wheat bran and soybean meal are protein), minerals, vitamins, and enzymes. 2) Crush the corn using a 1.5-2.0mm sieve, and crush the frozen fish into fish paste using a 1.2-2.5mm sieve; 3) Ferment corn and fish paste separately using bacterial culture, and set them aside after fermentation is complete; 4) Weigh the fermented corn, chilled fish paste, bran, soybean meal, vitamins and minerals according to the above weight proportions, mix the raw materials, and mix them thoroughly with a mixer. 5) After the mixture is thoroughly mixed, feed the mixture into a pellet mill and pelletize it using a 2.0-4.0 mm ring die to obtain soft pellet feed with a particle size of 2.0-4.0 mm; 6) Place the prepared soft pellet feed in a cooler to dry. After drying, sieve out the powder. When the total moisture (containing acid) of the feed is 15%-30%, add an appropriate amount of inoculum and package it with a one-way valve to obtain the fermented soft pellet feed product.
[0008] The ring die has a compression ratio of 8-18:1, an opening ratio of 35%-65%, and a linear speed of 6-10m / s.
[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry and its preparation method greatly reduce anti-nutritional substances in the feed and improve feed utilization by fermenting feed raw materials with probiotics and enzymes. The probiotics enhance the beneficial intestinal flora to improve intestinal health, avoid the use of antibiotics in the breeding process, improve the growth rate and production performance of animals, and ensure the safety of meat and egg products.
[0010] Using domestically sourced, freshwater chilled fish, a significant advantage, can reduce the reliance on protein sources such as fishmeal and soybean meal, thus lessening dependence on imported protein sources. By using freshwater chilled fish that is unsuitable for human consumption and processing, pollution to water resources and the environment can be reduced. As a result, a fermented soft pellet livestock and poultry feed has been developed, made from freshwater chilled fish, starch, fat, minerals, vitamins, and compound microbial enzymes through multi-level full fermentation.
[0011] Based on the nutritional needs of farmed animal species, fresh and saltwater chilled fish resources can be rationally utilized, and fermented soft pellet feed can be produced using equipment that conforms to the full fermentation process. This achieves the goals of reducing farming costs, increasing absorption and utilization rates, improving the immunity of farmed animals, and eliminating antibiotics, thereby promoting healthy farming, ensuring food safety, and also improving the taste and quality of farmed animals.
[0012] Specifically: 1) Good palatability and enhanced appetite: The soft texture does not irritate the esophagus; the aromatic flavor and amino acid flavor of the metabolites produced after fermentation can enhance appetite, increase animal feed intake, improve animal growth, and bring the animals to market earlier.
[0013] 2) Improve stress resistance and gut health: The metabolites of probiotics in fermented feed can lower the pH of the digestive tract. Under the low pH environment of the animal's intestines, they can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of a variety of potential pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella), maintain the balance of the microbial community in the host's intestines, and improve the intestinal resistance to infection.
[0014] 3) Healthy gut and good feces improve breeding efficiency: Reduce feed conversion ratio by 0.05-0.15 and increase weight gain by 5%-10%. The synergistic effect of bacteria and enzymes in feed can fully digest and absorb nutrients from raw materials. On the one hand, the colonization of beneficial bacteria in the intestine is improved, and the height of the jejunal villi, the depth of crypts, and the number of goblet cells are all increased, which greatly improves the absorption of nutrients in the intestine. On the other hand, the level of gut health is improved.
[0015] 4) Reduce drug use and achieve antibiotic-free standards: Animals have healthy guts and improved immunity, which greatly reduces or even eliminates the use of drugs, especially antibiotics, so that farmed animals have no drug residues and truly achieve antibiotic-free status, which is in line with the long-term development direction of food health.
[0016] 5) The raw materials are antigen-inactivated throughout the entire process to remove the negative effects of antigens. Multiple compound bacteria are mixed and fermented in a pure manner, resulting in more comprehensive nutrition and greater safety.
[0017] 6) Farmed animals have a flavor closer to wild animals, which enhances their nutritional value and improves the health benefits of food. Detailed Implementation Example 1
[0018] First, weigh each raw material according to the following weights: Corn 56.4%, wheat bran 8%, chilled fish 15%, soybean meal 17%, minerals 3%, vitamins 0.1%, enzymes 0.5% The corn was crushed using a 1.5 mm sieve; the chilled fish was crushed into fish paste using a 2.0 mm sieve, and each was fermented with a portion of the inoculum. Mix the fermented corn flour and fish paste with the remaining ingredients and mix thoroughly using a mixer. After all raw materials are thoroughly mixed, they are fed into a pellet mill and pelletized using a 2.0 mm ring die to obtain soft granular fermented material with a particle size of 2.0 mm. The prepared granular fermented feed is placed in a cooler to dry and the powder is sieved out. When the feed moisture content is tested to be 20%-25%, the remaining enzyme is added. The feed is then packaged in plastic bags with one-way valves according to the measured quantity to obtain the finished fermented soft granular feed.
[0019] The feed fermentation material in this embodiment (on a dry basis) contains 16.0% crude protein, 3.8% fat, 1.0% lysine, 0.3% methionine, 2.8% crude fiber, ≤18% crude ash, 0.3-0.8% total phosphorus, and 0.5-1.2% calcium. Example 2
[0020] First, weigh each raw material according to the following weight percentages: Corn 56.1%, wheat bran 8%, chilled fish 15%, soybean meal 17%, minerals 3%, vitamins 0.1%, enzymes 0.8% The corn was crushed using a 1.5 mm sieve; the chilled fish was crushed into fish paste using a 2.0 mm sieve, and each was fermented with a portion of the inoculum. Mix the fermented corn flour and fish paste with the remaining ingredients and mix thoroughly using a mixer. After all raw materials are thoroughly mixed, they are fed into a pellet mill and pelletized using a 2.0 mm ring die to obtain soft granular fermented material with a particle size of 2.0 mm. The prepared granular fermented feed is placed in a cooler to dry and the powder is sieved out. When the feed moisture content is tested to be 20%-25%, the remaining enzyme is added. The feed is then packaged in plastic bags with one-way valves according to the measured quantity to obtain the finished fermented soft granular feed.
[0021] The feed fermentation material in this embodiment (on a dry basis) contains 16.0% crude protein, 3.8% fat, 1.0% lysine, 0.3% methionine, 2.8% crude fiber, ≤18% crude ash, 0.3-0.8% total phosphorus, and 0.5-1.2% calcium. Example 3
[0022] First, weigh each raw material according to the following weight percentages: Corn 55.9%, wheat bran 8%, chilled fish 15%, soybean meal 17%, minerals 3%, vitamins 0.1%, enzymes 1.0% The corn was crushed using a 1.5 mm sieve; the chilled fish was crushed into fish paste using a 2.0 mm sieve, and each was fermented with a portion of the inoculum. Mix the fermented corn flour and fish paste with the remaining ingredients and mix thoroughly using a mixer. After all the raw materials are thoroughly mixed, they are fed into a pellet mill and pelleted using a 2.0 mm ring die to obtain soft granular fermented material with a particle size of 2.0 mm. The prepared granular fermented feed is placed in a cooler to dry and the powder is sieved out. When the feed moisture content is tested to be 20%-25%, the remaining enzyme is added. The feed is then packaged in plastic bags with one-way valves according to the measured quantity to obtain the finished fermented soft granular feed.
[0023] The feed fermentation material in this embodiment (on a dry basis) contains 16.0% crude protein, 3.8% fat, 1.0% lysine, 0.3% methionine, 2.8% crude fiber, ≤18% crude ash, 0.3-0.8% total phosphorus, and 0.5-1.2% calcium.
[0024] Control group: Commercially available feed with the same nutritional indicators and stage as the corresponding embodiment was purchased and used conventional pelleted feed.
[0025] To demonstrate the breeding effect of the fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry prepared in this invention, a breeding experiment was conducted. The specific process and results are as follows: Effect Experiment 1: Forty healthy piglets of the same breed and from the same pig farm, of uniform size, with an initial weight of 14.4 kg ± 0.5 kg, were selected and randomly divided into four groups: one control group and three experimental groups. The control group was fed ordinary pelleted feed, while the three experimental groups were fed fermented soft pelleted feed prepared according to the three examples, respectively. The experiment lasted for 158 days. Before the experiment, the piglets were weighed on an empty stomach. The initial and final weights of each group of piglets were recorded. Daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, fecal formation, and ammonia odor were calculated. During the 158-day experiment, feed intake and fecal condition were recorded daily.
[0026] The effect test is as follows: The calculation formulas for each indicator are as follows: Initial average weight (kg) = Initial total weight of each group at the start of the trial period (kg) / Number of heads Final average weight (kg) = Total weight at the end of the trial period for each group (kg) / Number of animals Daily weight gain (g) = Total weight gain during the phase (kg) / Number of feeding days * 1000 Material weight ratio = Material used in each stage (kg) / Weight gain in each stage (kg)
[0027] The efficacy test results show that, compared to the control group, the daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio of the example group were superior, and the ammonia feeding system in the example group was significantly better than that of the control group. This indicates that the feed in the example group had better palatability, improved utilization rate, disease resistance, and growth performance. Furthermore, no drugs were used except for initial vaccination, resulting in a shorter breeding cycle. Based on consumer habits, the example group has higher added value, commands a higher selling price than the control group, and can achieve higher yields. After slaughter, the meat is fine, firm, and chewy, with no drug residues, meeting the standards for green and healthy livestock and poultry products. Example 4
[0028] First, weigh each raw material according to the following weights: Corn 59.9%, soybean oil 1.5%, soybean meal 15%, chilled fish 20%, minerals 3%, vitamins 0.1%, bacterial culture 0.5%. The corn was crushed using a 1.5mm sieve; the chilled fish was crushed into fish paste using a 2.0mm sieve, and each was fermented with a portion of the bacterial culture. Mix the fermented corn and fish paste with the remaining ingredients and mix thoroughly using a mixer. After all the raw materials are thoroughly mixed, they are fed into a pellet mill and pelleted using a 3.0mm ring die to obtain soft granular fermented material with a particle size of 3.0mm. The prepared granular fermented feed is placed in a cooler to dry and the powder is sieved out. When the feed moisture content is tested to be 20%-25%, the remaining enzyme is added. The feed is then packaged in plastic bags with one-way valves according to the measured quantity to obtain the finished fermented soft granular feed.
[0029] The fermented feed in this example (on a dry basis) contains 15.5% crude protein, 4.5% fat, 1.0% lysine, 0.45% methionine, 3.5% crude fiber, 5.0% crude ash, 0.5% total phosphorus, and 1.0% total calcium. Example 5
[0030] First, weigh each raw material according to the following weights: Corn 59.6%, soybean oil 1.5%, soybean meal 15%, chilled fish 20%, minerals 3%, vitamins 0.1%, bacterial culture 0.8% The corn was crushed using a 1.5mm sieve; the chilled fish was crushed into fish paste using a 2.0mm sieve, and each was fermented with a portion of the bacterial culture. Mix the fermented corn and fish paste with the remaining ingredients and mix thoroughly using a mixer. After all the raw materials are thoroughly mixed, they are fed into a pellet mill and pelleted using a 3.0mm ring die to obtain soft granular fermented material with a particle size of 3.0mm. The prepared granular fermented feed is placed in a cooler to dry and the powder is sieved out. When the feed moisture content is tested to be 20%-25%, the remaining enzyme is added. The feed is then packaged in plastic bags with one-way valves according to the measured quantity to obtain the finished fermented soft granular feed.
[0031] The fermented feed in this example (on a dry basis) contains 15.5% crude protein, 4.5% fat, 1.0% lysine, 0.45% methionine, 3.5% crude fiber, 5.0% crude ash, 0.5% total phosphorus, and 1.0% total calcium. Example 6
[0032] First, weigh each raw material according to the following weights: Corn 59.4%, soybean oil 1.5%, soybean meal 15%, chilled fish 20%, minerals 3%, vitamins 0.1%, bacterial culture 1%. The corn was crushed using a 1.5mm sieve; the chilled fish was crushed into fish paste using a 2.0mm sieve, and each was fermented with a portion of the bacterial culture. Mix the fermented corn and fish paste with the remaining ingredients and mix thoroughly using a mixer. After all the raw materials are thoroughly mixed, they are fed into a pellet mill and pelleted using a 3.0mm ring die to obtain soft granular fermented material with a particle size of 3.0mm. The prepared granular fermented feed is placed in a cooler to dry and the powder is sieved out. When the feed moisture content is tested to be 20%-25%, the remaining enzyme is added. The feed is then packaged in plastic bags with one-way valves according to the measured quantity to obtain the finished fermented soft granular feed.
[0033] The fermented feed in this example (on a dry basis) contains 15.5% crude protein, 4.5% fat, 1.0% lysine, 0.45% methionine, 3.5% crude fiber, 5.0% crude ash, 0.5% total phosphorus, and 1.0% total calcium. Control group: Commercially available feed with the same nutritional indicators and stage as the corresponding embodiment was purchased and used conventional pelleted feed.
[0034] Effect Experiment 2: Two hundred healthy, uniformly sized Lingshan native hens from the same chicken farm, with an initial weight of 750g ± 10g (60 days after hatching), were randomly divided into four groups: one control group and three experimental groups. The control group was fed commercially available poultry pellet feed for the appropriate stage, while the three experimental groups were fed fermented soft pellet feed prepared according to Examples 4, 5, and 6, respectively. The experiment lasted for 70 days. Before the experiment, the native hens were weighed on an empty stomach, and the initial weight of each group was recorded. At the end of the experiment, the final weight was measured, and the daily weight gain, daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were calculated. The native hens began laying eggs at approximately 120 days of age, and the taste of the eggs was compared.
[0035] The calculation formulas for each indicator are as follows: Initial average weight (kg) = Initial total weight of each group at the start of the trial period (kg) / Number of heads Final average weight (kg) = Total weight at the end of the trial period for each group (kg) / Number of heads Stage weight gain (kg) = Final average weight (kg) - Initial average weight (kg) Daily weight gain (g) = Total weight gain during the phase (kg) / Number of feeding days * 1000 Feed conversion ratio (F / Growth gain) = Stage feed consumption (kg) / Stage weight gain (kg)
[0036] As shown in the efficacy test table, compared with control group 2, the feed intake, daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio of the example group were all superior to those of control group 2. Furthermore, the feed intake of each group in the example group was significantly better than that of control group 2, indicating that the feed in the example group had better palatability, improved utilization rate, disease resistance, and growth performance. No drugs were used except for initial vaccination, and the breeding cycle was shorter. Based on consumer habits, the eggs from the example group were of better quality, had higher added value, and commanded a higher selling price than the control group, while also allowing for increased production. After slaughter, the chicken meat was tender, firm, and chewy, and both the meat and eggs had no drug residues, meeting the standards for completely antibiotic-free products in green and healthy livestock and poultry farming.
Claims
1. A fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry, characterized in that: Includes the following components: Starch 30-60%, Fresh Fish 10-30% Protein 10-30%, Vitamins 0.5-1% Minerals 0.5-3%, Fat 2-5% Compound bacterial enzyme 0.5-2%.
2. The fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following components: Starch 35-60%, Fresh Fish 10-25% Protein 10-25%, Vitamins 0.5-1% Minerals 1-3%, Fat 2-5% Compound bacterial enzyme 0.5-2%.
3. A fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The compound bacterial enzyme comprises bacterial strains and enzymes, and the bacterial strains and enzymes are combined; the bacterial strains are any one or more combinations of lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus, yeast, Enterococcus faecalis, and butyric acid bacteria, and the enzymes include proteases and amylases.
4. A method for preparing fermented soft pellet feed for livestock and poultry, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: 1) First, weigh out the corn, fresh fish, wheat bran, soybean meal, minerals, vitamins, and enzymes as raw materials according to the above weight proportions; 2) Crush the corn using a 1.5-2.0mm sieve, and crush the frozen fish into fish paste using a 1.2-2.5mm sieve; 3) Ferment corn and fish paste separately using bacterial culture, and set them aside after fermentation is complete; 4) Weigh the fermented corn, chilled fish paste, bran, soybean meal, vitamins and minerals according to the above weight proportions, mix the raw materials, and mix them thoroughly with a mixer. 5) After the mixture is thoroughly mixed, feed the mixture into a pellet mill and pelletize it using a 2.0-4.0 mm ring die to obtain soft pellet feed with a particle size of 2.0-4.0 mm; 6) Place the prepared soft pellet feed in a cooler to dry. After drying, sieve out the powder. When the total moisture content of the feed is 15%-30%, add an appropriate amount of inoculum and package it with a one-way valve to obtain the fermented soft pellet feed product.
5. The method for preparing fermented soft granular feed for livestock and poultry according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ring die has a compression ratio of 8-18:1, an opening ratio of 35%-65%, and a linear speed of 6-10m / s.