Protective device for offshore power generation

Abstract

The invention discloses a protective device for offshore power generation, which relates to the field of offshore energy equipment protection and comprises a multi-stage buffer anchor cable system, an annular cabin type floating body structure, a dynamic gravity center adjusting unit and an anti-resonance component. The multi-stage buffering anchor cable system is arranged in the circumferential direction of the floating body and comprises a main cable, an elastic buffering section, a damping adjusting section and a universal hinge joint. The annular cabin type floating body structure is provided with an inner cabin body, an outer annular cabin and a wave impact guide plate; the outer annular cabin is divided into an independent sealed cabin; the dynamic gravity center adjusting unit is arranged at the bottom of the inner cabin body, and the anti-resonance assembly is horizontally arranged in the outer annular cabin; according to the device, storm impact is attenuated through multi-stage buffering anchor cables, and buoyancy is optimized to resist waves through an annular cabin structure and a flow guide plate; the dynamic gravity center adjusting unit adjusts the balance weight in real time to counteract inclination of the floating body; the anti-resonance partition plate inhibits resonance, reduces structural abrasion, can adapt to complex sea conditions, guarantees stable operation of power generation equipment, prolongs the service life, and provides safety protection for offshore clean energy development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine energy equipment protection, and specifically to a protective device for marine power generation. Background Technology

[0002] Offshore power generation equipment is the core equipment for developing clean marine energy, but the complex and harsh marine environment, with natural loads such as wind, waves, and currents posing severe challenges to the safety and stability of the equipment:

[0003] On the one hand, strong winds and waves at sea can cause severe impacts on the floating structure of power generation equipment. Traditional floating bodies are mostly single-chamber designs with weak wave resistance, making them prone to tilting and swaying, which can lead to displacement of the main generator and damage to components. On the other hand, the anchor cables connecting the floating body to the seabed are mostly rigid structures, which cannot effectively buffer the instantaneous impact force caused by wind and waves. Long-term use can easily lead to fatigue fracture of the anchor cables, causing the floating body to drift or even the equipment to capsize.

[0004] On the other hand, the vibration of the equipment itself and the waves at sea can easily cause resonance. Traditional protective devices lack specific anti-resonance designs, and resonance will accelerate the wear and tear on the equipment structure and shorten its service life. Moreover, the center of gravity of the equipment is prone to shift with changes in wind and waves, further amplifying the swaying amplitude and affecting power generation efficiency and equipment safety. In addition, traditional floating bodies have poor added mass adjustment capabilities and cannot dynamically adapt buoyancy according to the intensity of wind and waves, further reducing the adaptability of the equipment in complex sea conditions.

[0005] Therefore, developing a marine power generation protection device that combines resistance to wind and wave impacts, dynamic center of gravity adjustment, and anti-resonance functions has become a key requirement for ensuring the safe and stable operation of marine power generation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a protective device for offshore power generation. To achieve the above objective, this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A protective device for offshore power generation includes a multi-stage buffer anchor cable system, a ring-shaped floating structure, a dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit, and an anti-resonance component.

[0008] The multi-stage buffer anchor system is evenly arranged in several groups along the circumference of the annular floating structure. Each group of the multi-stage buffer anchor system includes a main cable, an elastic buffer section, a damping adjustment section, and a universal joint node. The elastic buffer section is connected in series in the middle section of the main cable. The damping adjustment section is located below the elastic buffer section. The universal joint node connects the damping adjustment section to the seabed anchor.

[0009] The annular floating structure includes an inner compartment, an outer annular compartment, and a wave impact guide plate. The inner compartment is a cylindrical load-bearing compartment used to install the main generator. The outer annular compartment coaxially surrounds the inner compartment and is connected to the inner compartment by radial support ribs. The wave impact guide plate is inclinedly arranged on the outside of the outer annular compartment.

[0010] The dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit is installed at the bottom of the inner cabin.

[0011] The anti-resonance component is horizontally positioned inside the outer annular chamber.

[0012] As an improvement, the multi-stage buffer anchor system is evenly arranged in 4 to 6 groups along the circumference of the annular floating structure. The main cable is a high-strength steel core composite cable, which is composed of inner and outer double sleeves. The inner layer is a conical helical spring, and the outer layer is filled with hydrogenated nitrile rubber to achieve bidirectional elastic buffering in both axial and radial directions. The damping adjustment section has a built-in magnetorheological damper, which includes a piston and a silicone oil medium. The impact energy is consumed by the shearing action of the piston and the silicone oil medium. The universal joint adopts a cross-axis structure.

[0013] As an improvement, the inner cabin wall is made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, the outer annular cabin is divided into several independent sealed compartments, the bottom of the compartment is provided with a switchable water passage hole, the additional mass of the outer annular cabin is adjusted by the entry and exit of seawater, the wave impact guide plate is at an angle of 30° to 45° with the vertical direction, and the surface of the wave impact guide plate is provided with arc-shaped guide grooves.

[0014] As an improvement, the dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit includes an annular slide rail, a sliding counterweight, and a drive assembly. The annular slide rail is arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the inner cabin and adopts a high-precision ball bearing guide. The annular slide rail is provided with 4 to 6 sliders. The sliding counterweight is set on the slider and includes a fan-shaped concrete block. The fan-shaped concrete block slides circumferentially along the annular slide rail. The drive assembly includes a servo motor, a gear and rack mechanism, and a sway sensor. The sway sensor is set on the inner cabin. The gear and rack mechanism connects the servo motor and the slider. The sway sensor is electrically connected to the servo motor.

[0015] As an improvement, the anti-resonance component includes an annular porous plate and blade-type damping plates. The surface of the annular porous plate is uniformly distributed with honeycomb-shaped through holes, and several partitions are uniformly provided on the annular porous plate. The partitions divide the annular porous plate into several anti-resonance zones, and the blade-type damping plates are rotatably disposed on the upper part of the anti-resonance zones.

[0016] As an improvement, the annular slide rail is fixed to the bottom of the inner cabin by 12 to 16 support columns evenly distributed along the circumference. The top of the support columns is welded to the bottom of the slide rail, and the bottom of the support columns is connected to the bottom flange of the inner cabin by high-strength bolts. The inner side of the annular slide rail is machined with a T-slot, and the outer side of the annular slide rail is a ball bearing track.

[0017] As an improvement, the bottom of the slider is embedded with the ball track of the annular slide rail, the top of the slider is machined with a T-groove that matches the sliding counterweight, the T-groove is lined with a neoprene rubber pad, and the side of the slider is fixed with the bearing seat of the gear and rack mechanism by bolts.

[0018] As an improvement, the inner side of the annular slide rail is provided with an annular rack, and the drive assembly includes a servo motor, a motor bracket, a gearbox, and a drive gear. The servo motor is fixed to the motor bracket on the side of the slider by a flange, and the motor bracket and the slider are welded together. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the input shaft of the gearbox by a flexible coupling. The output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the drive gear, and both ends of the gear shaft are supported by bearing seats on the slider. The drive gear meshes with the annular rack.

[0019] As an improvement, a dustproof scraper is provided at the meshing point of the drive gear and the ring rack, the sliders are connected by a polyurethane buffer block, and flexible contact is achieved when adjacent sliding counterweights are close together. The drive assembly is covered by a ring-shaped protective net, which is connected to the bottom of the inner cabin by a buckle.

[0020] The advantages of this invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention has strong resistance to wind and waves and excellent buffering effect: the multi-level buffer anchor cable system greatly reduces the impact of wind and waves through bidirectional elastic buffering and damping energy dissipation; the wave impact guide plate disperses the energy of the waves, and the independent compartment of the outer annular cabin improves buoyancy stability, making it suitable for complex marine environments.

[0022] 2. The present invention provides stable posture and precise center of gravity adjustment: The dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit monitors in real time through a sway sensor and is precisely driven by a servo motor to quickly adjust the position of the counterweight block, counteract the tilt of the float, and ensure that the power generation equipment is always in a stable posture, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

[0023] 3. The present invention has a significant anti-resonance effect and extends equipment life: The anti-resonance component consumes vibration energy through a perforated plate and damping sheet, suppresses resonance, reduces equipment structural wear, and extends the service life of offshore power generation equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a protective device for offshore power generation in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 2This is a structural diagram of the multi-stage buffer anchor system in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the annular floating structure in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the anti-resonance component in Example 1.

[0029] The diagram is labeled as follows:

[0030] 1. Multi-stage buffer anchor system; 11. Main cable; 12. Elastic buffer section; 121. Conical helical spring; 122. Hydrogenated nitrile rubber; 13. Damping adjustment section; 131. Magnetorheological damper; 14. Universal joint;

[0031] 2. Annular floating structure; 21. Inner hull; 22. Outer annular hull; 221. Independent sealed compartment; 222. Water passage;

[0032] 23. Wave impact guide plate; 231. Arc-shaped guide channel; 24. Radial support rib;

[0033] 3. Dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit; 31. Circular slide rail; 311. Ball bearing track; 312. T-slot; 32. Sliding counterweight;

[0034] 321. Fan-shaped concrete block; 33. Drive assembly; 331. Servo motor; 332. Gear and rack mechanism; 34. Support column; 35. Slider; 36. Polyurethane buffer block; 37. Ring-shaped protective net;

[0035] 4. Anti-resonance components; 41. Annular perforated plate; 411. Honeycomb through holes; 42. Blade-type damping plate; 43. Partition plate. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] The present invention will now be described in detail and specifically through specific embodiments to enable a better understanding of the present invention. However, the following embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This embodiment discloses a protective device for offshore power generation.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment includes a multi-stage buffer anchor cable system 1, a ring-shaped floating structure 2, a dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit 3, and an anti-resonance component 4. These components work together to achieve wind and wave resistance, attitude stabilization, and anti-resonance functions. The specific structure is as follows:

[0045] (I) Multi-stage buffer anchor system 1: Wave impact buffer core

[0046] The multi-stage buffer anchor cable system 1 is evenly arranged in 4 to 6 groups along the circumference of the annular floating structure 2. The symmetrical distribution ensures that the floating body is subjected to balanced forces. Each group of systems achieves multi-stage buffering of wind and wave impact through a series structure of "main cable 11 - elastic buffer section 12 - damping adjustment section 13 - universal joint node 14".

[0047] Main cable 11: Made of high-strength steel core composite cable, it has both high strength and corrosion resistance. It can withstand the tension of the float in wind and waves, provide a stable seabed foundation for the float, and prevent the float from drifting excessively.

[0048] Elastic buffer section 12: Connected in series in the middle section of the main cable 11, it consists of inner and outer double sleeves. The inner layer is a conical helical spring 121, which can extend and retract along the axis to buffer the axial impact force caused by wind and waves. The outer layer is filled with hydrogenated nitrile rubber 122, which has excellent elasticity and seawater corrosion resistance, and can absorb radial vibration to achieve bidirectional elastic buffering in both the axial and radial directions, reducing the transmission of impact force to the float.

[0049] Damping adjustment section 13: Located below the elastic buffer section 12, it has a built-in magnetorheological damper 131. The damper includes a piston and a silicone oil medium. When the wind and waves cause the anchor cable to vibrate, the piston moves in the silicone oil medium. The impact energy is consumed through the shearing action between the piston and the silicone oil, further attenuating the vibration and avoiding damage to the anchor cable or buoy by the instantaneous impact force. The damper can dynamically adjust the damping coefficient according to the wind and wave intensity to adapt to different sea conditions.

[0050] Universal hinge node 14: adopts a cross-shaft structure to connect the damping adjustment section 13 to the seabed anchor. The cross-shaft structure allows the anchor cable to rotate flexibly in multiple directions, which can adapt to changes in seabed topography and multi-angle swaying of the floating body, avoid fatigue fracture of the anchor cable due to rigid tension, and ensure that the anchor cable always maintains stable tension.

[0051] (II) Annular Floating Structure 2: Buoyancy Optimization and Wave Protection

[0052] The annular floating structure 2 provides a supporting foundation for the power generation equipment. Through the composite structure of "inner compartment 21 - outer annular compartment 22 - wave impact guide plate 23", its wave resistance and buoyancy adaptability are improved.

[0053] Inner compartment 21: It is a cylindrical load-bearing compartment with carbon fiber reinforced composite material for the walls. This material is lightweight, high-strength, and corrosion-resistant, which can reduce the overall weight of the float while bearing the weight of the main generator. The interior of the inner compartment 21 is used to install the main generator (such as a wind turbine nacelle or wave generator set), providing a closed and stable installation space for the equipment and isolating it from seawater corrosion.

[0054] Outer annular compartment 22: Coaxially surrounds the inner compartment 21 and is connected to the inner compartment 21 by radial support ribs 24, forming a stable "inner column and outer ring" structure. The outer annular compartment 22 is divided into several independent sealed compartments 221. Each compartment has a switchable water inlet 222 at the bottom. By controlling the opening and closing of the water inlet 222, the amount of seawater entering and leaving the compartment can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the additional mass of the outer annular compartment 22 to adapt to the buoyancy requirements under different wind and wave intensities. For example, when the wind and waves are large, seawater is injected to increase the additional mass and improve the stability of the float; when the wind and waves are small, seawater is discharged to reduce weight and reduce energy consumption. The design of independent sealed compartments 221 can also avoid the loss of overall buoyancy due to the damage of a single compartment, thus improving safety.

[0055] Wave impact deflector 23: It is inclinedly arranged on the outside of the outer annular compartment 22, with an angle of 30° to 45° with the vertical direction. The surface is provided with arc-shaped deflector grooves 231. When the waves impact the float, the deflector changes the direction of wave movement through the inclination angle and the arc-shaped deflector grooves 231, converting the vertical impact into oblique flow along the deflector, dispersing the impact energy and reducing the direct impact of the waves on the float. At the same time, the deflector grooves can guide the water flow to flow quickly over the float, avoiding the accumulation of water around the float and generating eddies, further reducing the swaying of the float.

[0056] (III) Dynamic Center of Gravity Adjustment Unit 3: Core of Equipment Attitude Stabilization

[0057] The dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit 3 is installed at the bottom of the inner cabin 21. Through the coordinated action of the "annular slide rail 31-sliding counterweight 32-drive assembly 33", it adjusts the center of gravity of the equipment in real time to counteract the attitude deviation caused by wind and waves.

[0058] Circular slide rail 31: Arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the inner compartment 21, and fixed by 12 to 16 support columns 34. The top of the support column 34 is welded to the bottom of the slide rail, and the bottom is connected to the bottom flange of the inner compartment 21 by high-strength bolts to ensure the stability of the slide rail. The inner side of the slide rail is machined with a T-slot, and the outer side is a ball bearing track 311. The T-slot 312 is used to limit the sliding counterweight 32, and the ball bearing track 311 reduces the sliding resistance of the slider 35.

[0059] Sliding counterweights 32: There are 4 to 6 of them, which are respectively set on the sliders 35 of the slide rail. Each counterweight is a fan-shaped concrete block 321 (high density and low cost). The bottom of the slider 35 is embedded in the ball bearing track 311 of the annular slide rail 31, and the top is machined with a T-shaped groove that matches the counterweight (a neoprene rubber pad is laid in the groove to increase friction and prevent the counterweight from sliding). The sliders 35 are connected by polyurethane buffer blocks 36, so that adjacent counterweights can make flexible contact when they are close to avoid collision damage.

[0060] Drive component 33 includes a servo motor 331, a gear and rack mechanism 332, and a sway sensor. The sway sensor is mounted on the inner hull 21 to monitor the tilt angle and sway direction of the float in real time. The servo motor 331 is fixed to the motor bracket on the side of the slider 35 via a flange (the motor bracket is welded to the slider 35). The output shaft is connected to the input shaft of the gearbox via a flexible coupling. The output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the drive gear, which meshes with the ring rack inside the ring slide rail 31. The sway sensor is electrically connected to the servo motor 331. When the sensor detects the tilt of the float, the servo motor 331 starts and drives the slider 35 to slide along the ring slide rail 31 via the gear and rack mechanism 332. This causes the sliding counterweight 32 to move in the opposite direction of the tilt, adjusting the center of gravity of the equipment, counteracting the tilt, and restoring the float to a horizontal attitude.

[0061] The drive assembly 33 is covered by an annular protective net 37 (connected to the bottom of the inner hull 21 by a snap-fit) to prevent seawater and debris from entering the gear and rack meshing area; a dust scraper is provided at the meshing area between the drive gear and the annular rack to remove debris from the meshing surface and ensure smooth transmission.

[0062] (iv) Anti-resonance component 4: Resonance suppression core

[0063] The anti-resonance component 4 is horizontally positioned inside the outer annular chamber 22. Through the structure of "annular perforated plate 41 - blade-type damping plate 42", it suppresses resonance caused by wave and equipment vibration.

[0064] Annular porous plate 41: honeycomb-shaped through holes 411 are evenly distributed on the surface, and several partitions 43 are evenly provided on the plate body. The partitions 43 divide the annular porous plate 41 into several independent anti-resonance zones. The honeycomb-shaped through holes 411 can change the flow path of seawater in the outer annular chamber 22 and consume the vibration energy of the water flow. The zoned design allows each anti-resonance zone to act independently and suppress vibrations of different frequencies in a targeted manner.

[0065] Blade-type damping plate 42: Rotatably mounted on the upper part of each anti-resonance zone, made of lightweight elastic material. When the seawater in the outer annular chamber 22 flows due to waves or vibrations, the water flow drives the damping plate to rotate, and the friction between the damping plate and the water flow consumes the vibration energy. At the same time, the rotation of the damping plate can break the stable water flow formed by resonance, further suppressing resonance and avoiding resonance from aggravating the wear of the floating structure.

[0066] Working principle

[0067] When wind, waves and currents act on the floating body, the wave impact guide plate 23 first diverts part of the impact force along the arc-shaped guide channel 231, and the remaining force is transmitted to the outer annular compartment 22. The anti-resonance baffle 43 in the annular compartment consumes energy through the porous structure and damping plate, and at the same time adjusts the additional mass through the water passage 222 to avoid the resonance frequency.

[0068] When the float sways, the multi-stage buffer anchor cable system 1 absorbs radial and axial impacts through the helical spring and rubber layer of the elastic buffer section 12, the magnetorheological damper 131 of the damping adjustment section 13 adjusts the damping coefficient in real time to consume vibration energy, and the universal joint node 14 adapts to the multi-angle swing of the float to avoid the anchor cable from bending and breaking.

[0069] The dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit 3 detects the tilt angle of the float and drives the sliding counterweight 32 to slide along the annular slide rail 31 in the opposite direction of tilting. The counter-torque generated by the center of gravity shift counteracts the swaying tendency and keeps the tilt angle within ±5°.

[0070] The various systems work together to achieve multi-level stability control of "impact diversion - energy dissipation - center of gravity balance - resonance suppression", which significantly reduces the sway amplitude of the floating body.

[0071] I. Equipment Installation and Commissioning

[0072] Subsea anchor placement: Based on the installation location of the offshore power generation equipment, 4 to 6 anchor points are pre-set on the seabed to ensure that the anchors are firmly embedded in the seabed rock strata or seabed.

[0073] Installation of multi-stage buffer anchor system 1: Connect the universal joint node 14 of each set of anchors to the seabed anchor, and assemble the damping adjustment section 13, elastic buffer section 12, and main cable 11 in sequence. The top of the main cable 11 is circumferentially connected to the annular floating structure 2. Adjust the length of the anchor cable to keep the floating body horizontal and the anchor cable in a slightly tensioned state.

[0074] Assembly of the annular floating structure 2: Fix the inner compartment 21 and the outer annular compartment 22 with radial support ribs 24, install wave impact guide plate 23 on the outside of the outer annular compartment 22 (adjust the angle to 30°-45°), check whether the water passage hole 222 of the independent sealed compartment 221 can be opened and closed flexibly; install the main generator of the generator inside the inner compartment 21 and connect the equipment lines.

[0075] Installation of dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit 3: Fix support column 34 at the bottom of inner cabin 21, install annular slide rail 31, assemble slider 35 and sliding counterweight 32 onto slide rail, and connect polyurethane buffer block 36; install drive assembly 33 (servo motor 331, gear rack, sway sensor), and debug the electrical connection between sensor and motor to ensure that counterweight can slide smoothly along slide rail.

[0076] Installation of anti-resonance component 4: Horizontally fix the annular perforated plate 41 inside the outer annular compartment 22, install the bulkhead 43 to divide the anti-resonance zone, and rotate and connect the blade-type damping plate 42 at the top of each zone; inject an appropriate amount of seawater into the outer compartment, adjust the draft of the float, and complete the installation.

[0077] II. Daily Operation and Adjustment

[0078] Wave impact protection: When encountering waves, the elastic buffer section 12 of the multi-stage buffer anchor cable system 1 buffers axial and radial impacts through springs and rubber, and the magnetorheological damper 131 of the damping adjustment section 13 consumes impact energy; the wave impact guide plate 23 guides the flow of sea waves and disperses the impact, and the independent compartment of the outer annular compartment 22 maintains buoyancy stability.

[0079] Dynamic adjustment of center of gravity: The sway sensor monitors the tilt angle of the float in real time. If the float is detected to tilt in a certain direction, the servo motor 331 starts and drives the slider 35 through the gear rack to move the sliding counterweight 32 in the opposite direction of the tilt, adjusting the center of gravity of the equipment until the float returns to horizontal. When the slider 35 slides, the dust scraper removes debris from the rack and the annular protective net 37 protects the drive component 33.

[0080] Anti-resonance control: When waves or equipment vibrations cause resonance, the seawater flow in the outer annular chamber 22 drives the blade-type damping plate 42 to rotate, and the honeycomb-shaped through holes 411 of the annular perforated plate 41 change the water flow path, together consuming vibration energy, suppressing resonance, and avoiding damage to the equipment structure.

[0081] Additional mass adjustment: According to changes in sea state, control the water inlet 222 of the independent compartment of the outer annular compartment 22. When the wind and waves increase, open the water inlet 222 to inject seawater, increase the additional mass, and improve the stability of the float; when the wind and waves decrease, discharge the seawater to reduce the weight of the float and reduce the anchor cable tension.

[0082] III. Maintenance and Care

[0083] Regular inspection: Inspect the multi-stage buffer anchor system 1, check for wear on the main cable 11, aging of the rubber in the elastic buffer section 12, and leakage of silicone oil in the damper, and replace parts if necessary; check for blockage of the water passage hole 222 in the outer annular chamber 22, and clean the debris inside the hole; check the gear and rack meshing of the dynamic center of gravity adjustment unit 3, apply grease, and ensure smooth sliding.

[0084] Cleaning and maintenance: Clean the annular protective net 37 and dust scraper monthly to remove seawater salt and debris; clean the surface of the shaking sensor to ensure detection accuracy; apply anti-corrosion coating to the connection between the inner chamber 21 and the outer annular chamber 22.

[0085] Troubleshooting: If the buoy tilts and cannot be restored by adjusting the center of gravity, check if the sway sensor is faulty or if the counterweight is stuck. Repair and readjust. If the anchor cable has abnormal tension, check if the universal joint node 14 is stuck. Lubricate or replace it in time.

[0086] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but they are merely examples, and the present invention is not equivalent to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions to the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protection device for offshore power generation, characterized in that The application relates to a multi-stage buffer anchor cable system (1), a ring-cabin floating body structure (2), a dynamic gravity center adjusting unit (3) and an anti-resonance assembly (4). The multi-stage buffer anchor cable system (1) is arranged in several groups along the ring-cabin floating body structure (2) in a circumferential direction, each group of the multi-stage buffer anchor cable system (1) comprises a main cable (11), an elastic buffer section (12), a damping adjusting section (13) and a universal hinge joint (14), the elastic buffer section (12) is connected in series to a middle section of the main cable (11), the damping adjusting section (13) is arranged below the elastic buffer section (12), and the universal hinge joint (14) connects the damping adjusting section (13) and a seabed anchor. The ring-cabin floating body structure (2) comprises an inner cabin body (21), an outer ring-shaped cabin (22) and a wave impact flow guide plate (23), the inner cabin body (21) is a cylindrical load-bearing cabin, the inner cabin body (21) is used for mounting a power generation equipment main engine, the outer ring-shaped cabin (22) coaxially surrounds the inner cabin body (21), the outer ring-shaped cabin (22) is connected with the inner cabin body (21) through radial support ribs (24), and the wave impact flow guide plate (23) is arranged on the outer side of the outer ring-shaped cabin (22) in an inclined mode. The dynamic gravity center adjusting unit (3) is mounted at the bottom of the inner cabin body (21). The anti-resonance assembly (4) is horizontally arranged in the inner portion of the outer ring-shaped cabin (22).

2. A protective device for offshore power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that The multi-stage buffer anchor cable system (1) is arranged in 4 to 6 groups in a circumferential direction along the ring-cabin floating body structure (2), the main cable (11) adopts a high-strength steel core composite cable, the main cable (11) is composed of an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer is a conical spiral spring (121), the outer layer is filled with hydrogenated butyl rubber (122), axial and radial two-way elastic buffering is realized, a magneto-rheological damper (131) is arranged in the damping adjusting section (13), the magneto-rheological damper (131) comprises a piston and a silicon oil medium, impact energy is consumed through the shearing action of the piston and the silicon oil medium, and the universal hinge joint (14) adopts a cross axle type structure.

3. A protective device for offshore power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that The cabin wall of the inner cabin body (21) adopts a carbon fiber reinforced composite material, the outer ring-shaped cabin (22) is divided into several independent sealed cabin rooms (221) in the inner portion, the bottom of each cabin room is provided with an openable and closable water inlet hole (222), seawater is introduced and discharged to adjust the additional mass of the outer ring-shaped cabin (22), the wave impact flow guide plate (23) is arranged at an angle of 30 to 45 degrees with the vertical direction, and the surface of the wave impact flow guide plate (23) is provided with an arc-shaped flow guide groove (231).

4. A protective device for offshore power generation according to claim 3, characterised in that The dynamic barycentre adjusting unit (3) comprises a ring-shaped sliding rail (31), a sliding counterweight (32) and a driving assembly (33), the ring-shaped sliding rail (31) is arranged circumferentially on the bottom of the inner cabin body (21), the ring-shaped sliding rail (31) adopts a high-precision ball guide rail, 4-6 sliding blocks (35) are arranged on the ring-shaped sliding rail (31), the sliding counterweight (32) is arranged on the sliding block (35), the sliding counterweight (32) comprises a fan-shaped concrete block (321), the fan-shaped concrete block (321) slides along the ring-shaped sliding rail (31) circumferentially, the driving assembly (33) comprises a servo motor (331), a gear and rack mechanism (332) and a rocking sensor, the rocking sensor is arranged on the inner cabin body (21), the gear and rack mechanism (332) is connected between the servo motor (331) and the sliding block (35), and the rocking sensor is electrically connected with the servo motor (331).

5. A marine power generation protection device according to claim 4, wherein, The anti-resonance assembly (4) comprises a ring-shaped porous plate (41) and a vane type damping sheet (42), the ring-shaped porous plate (41) is uniformly provided with a plurality of honeycomb-shaped through holes (411) on the surface, a plurality of partition plates (43) are uniformly arranged on the ring-shaped porous plate (41), the partition plates (43) divide the ring-shaped porous plate (41) into a plurality of anti-resonance zones, and the vane type damping sheet (42) is rotationally arranged at the upper portion of the anti-resonance zone.

6. A protective device for offshore power generation according to claim 4, characterised in that, The ring-shaped sliding rail (31) is fixed to the bottom of the inner cabin body (21) through 12-16 circumferentially uniformly distributed support columns (34), the top of the support column (34) is welded with the bottom of the sliding rail, the bottom of the support column (34) is connected with the flange on the bottom of the inner cabin body (21) through high-strength bolts, the inner side of the ring-shaped sliding rail (31) is processed with a T-shaped groove (312), and the outer side of the ring-shaped sliding rail (31) is a ball rail (311).

7. A marine power generation protection device according to claim 6, wherein The bottom of the sliding block (35) is embedded in the ball rail (311) of the ring-shaped sliding rail (31), the top of the sliding block (35) is processed with a T-shaped groove (312) matched with the sliding counterweight (32), chloroprene rubber pads are laid in the T-shaped groove (312), and the side of the sliding block (35) is fixed with a bearing seat of the gear and rack mechanism (332) through bolts.

8. A marine power generation protection device according to claim 7, wherein, The inner side of the ring-shaped sliding rail (31) is provided with a ring-shaped rack, the driving assembly (33) comprises a servo motor (331), a motor support, a speed reducer, and a driving gear, the servo motor (331) is fixed on the motor support on the side of the sliding block (35) through a flange, the motor support is connected with the sliding block (35) by welding, the output shaft of the servo motor (331) is connected with the input shaft of the speed reducer through an elastic coupling, the output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the driving gear, the both ends of the gear shaft of the driving gear are supported by the bearing seats on the sliding block (35), and the driving gear is engaged with the ring-shaped rack.

9. A marine power generation protection device according to claim 8, wherein, The main gear engages with the annular rack at the position provided with dust scraping plate, the sliding blocks (35) are connected through polyurethane buffer block (36), the adjacent sliding counterweight blocks (32) achieve flexible contact when close, the drive assembly (33) is covered with annular protective net (37), the annular protective net (37) is connected with the bottom of the inner cabin body (21) through buckle.

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