Quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation microwave transmission

Abstract

The quantum current transformer based on the optical fiber isolation microwave transmission comprises a high-voltage primary side which comprises a magnetic shielding ring and an NV color center magnetic sensing probe module, and a magnetic sensing probe is arranged in the magnetic shielding ring; at the low-voltage secondary side, the microwave system is used for generating radio-frequency signals in a preset frequency range and transmitting the radio-frequency signals to the NV color center magnetic-sensing probe module, the laser system is used for generating continuous laser and transmitting the continuous laser to the NV color center magnetic-sensing probe module, and the microwave system and the laser system are used in cooperation to drive the NV color center to generate fluorescence signals representing the magnetic field intensity. A fluorescence signal is transmitted to the data processing system to calculate to-be-detected current information; wherein the microwave system is connected with the NV color center magnetic sensing probe module through an optical fiber, the microwave system modulates the radio frequency signal into an optical signal, transmits the optical signal to the NV color center magnetic sensing probe module, and restores the optical signal into the radio frequency signal in the NV color center magnetic sensing probe module to be received. According to the transformer, stable transmission of microwave signals under the high-low voltage isolation condition is achieved, the design is reasonable and exquisite, and the measurement precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of quantum measurement and electrical insulation transmission technology, and more specifically, to a quantum current transformer based on fiber optic isolated microwave transmission. Background Technology

[0002] Quantum current transformers based on diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers are an emerging quantum precision measurement device that utilizes the spin properties of solid-state quantum defects to achieve high-precision current measurement. NV color centers possess stable spin-state readout capabilities at room temperature, and quantum state detection and manipulation can be achieved through optical and microwave excitation methods. By placing a diamond detector on the primary side of the current transformer and applying a suitable microwave signal, combined with an optical readout system, quantitative measurement of the magnetic field generated by the current can be achieved. This method exhibits high sensitivity, high time resolution, and good insulation properties, showing broad application prospects in new power systems, ultra-high voltage power transmission, and quantum precision measurement.

[0003] Currently, in quantum current transformers based on diamond NV centers, high-frequency microwave signals are typically transmitted from a microwave source on the low-voltage side to a quantum magnetic probe on the high-voltage side to excite the NV centers and manipulate their quantum states. However, microwave signal frequencies are generally in the GHz range. Traditional transmission methods, such as using coaxial cables, not only suffer from insufficient insulation strength when crossing high-voltage insulation structures but may also create electrical leakage paths, seriously threatening system safety. Furthermore, the complex cable routing significantly limits system size, modularity, and maintenance.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve efficient insulation and isolation between the primary and secondary sides while ensuring the integrity of microwave signals has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current engineering application of quantum current transformers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantum current transformer based on fiber optic isolated microwave transmission, which aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention provides a quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission, comprising: The high-voltage primary side includes a magnetic shielding ring and an NV color center magnetic sensor module, wherein the magnetic sensor is located inside the magnetic shielding ring; The low-voltage secondary side includes a microwave system, a laser system, and a data processing system, all electrically connected to the NV center magnetosensitive probe module. The microwave system generates a radio frequency signal within a preset frequency range based on the quantum state transition requirements of the NV center magnetosensitive probe module and transmits it to the NV center magnetosensitive probe module. The laser system generates a continuous laser beam based on the spin polarization requirements of the NV center magnetosensitive probe module and transmits it to the NV center magnetosensitive probe module. The radio frequency signal and the continuous laser beam work together to drive the NV center to generate a fluorescence signal characterizing the magnetic field strength. The fluorescence signal is transmitted to the data processing system, which calculates the current information to be measured based on the fluorescence signal. The microwave system is connected to the NV color center magnetic probe module via optical fiber. The microwave system modulates the radio frequency signal into an optical signal and transmits it to the NV color center magnetic probe module, where it is converted back into a radio frequency signal and received.

[0007] Preferably, both the laser system and the data processing system are connected to the NV color center magnetic probe module via optical fiber.

[0008] Preferably, the radio frequency signal and continuous laser are used in combination to drive the NV color center to generate a fluorescence signal characterizing the magnetic field strength, including: The microwave system is used to generate radio frequency signals within a preset frequency range according to the quantum state transition requirements of the NV center magnetic probe module and transmit them to the NV center magnetic probe module to resonate and drive the NV centers of the NV center magnetic probe module. The laser system is used to generate continuous laser light according to the spin polarization requirements of the NV center magnetic probe module and transmit it to the NV center magnetic probe module to polarize the spin state of the NV centers of the NV center magnetic probe module. The radio frequency signals and continuous laser light are used in combination to drive the NV centers to generate fluorescence signals characterizing the magnetic field strength.

[0009] Preferably, the microwave system includes a radio frequency microwave source, an optoelectronic modulator, and a laser, wherein the radio frequency microwave source, the optoelectronic modulator, and the laser are electrically connected in sequence. The radio frequency microwave source is used to generate radio frequency signals within a preset frequency range, the optoelectronic modulator modulates the radio frequency signals, and the laser continuously outputs a single-mode laser beam as a modulation carrier light source.

[0010] Preferably, the NV color center magnetic sensor module includes an NV color center magnetic sensor and a photodetector, and the NV color center magnetic sensor and the photodetector are electrically connected; The photodetector is used to convert optical signals from the microwave system into electrical signals.

[0011] Preferably, the NV color center magnetic probe includes a housing, a diamond NV color center, and a microwave antenna; The diamond NV color center and the microwave antenna are disposed inside the housing. The microwave antenna is disposed at the bottom of the diamond NV color center and is used to receive radio frequency signals from the microwave system and radiate the microwave signals to the diamond NV color center, thereby completing the resonant drive of the electronic spin state of the diamond NV color center.

[0012] Preferably, there are multiple NV color center magnetic probe modules, which are evenly arranged circumferentially within the magnetic shielding ring.

[0013] Preferably, the magnetic shielding ring is used for the passage of the current-carrying conductor to be tested.

[0014] Preferably, the data processing system is used to receive the fluorescence signal emitted from the NV color center and process the fluorescence signal to obtain the current value in the current-carrying conductor to be detected.

[0015] Preferably, the frequency range of the radio frequency signal is 2–3 GHz, the frequency band of the fluorescence signal is in the range of 600–800 nm, and the wavelength range of the continuous laser generated by the laser system is 520–544 nm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: On the one hand, by introducing a fiber-optic link-based microwave signal transmission scheme into a quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission, stable transmission of microwave signals under high and low voltage isolation conditions is achieved, realizing complete electrical isolation between the high and low voltage sides, significantly improving the insulation performance and safety level of the system. This technology effectively solves the insulation and safety problems faced by traditional coaxial cables when crossing high and low voltage sides, while retaining the spectral characteristics of microwave signals and the ability to control the spin states of NV color centers. It is suitable for quantum precision measurement applications in various complex electrical environments, ensuring the electrical reliability of the system during long-term operation. Furthermore, by completing the optical modulation of the radio frequency signal on the low-voltage side and transmitting it to the high-voltage side via optical fiber, optical transmission is performed... The electrical reduction ultimately drives the microwave antenna in the NV color center magnetic probe module, ensuring the accurate restoration and synchronous transmission of the control signal at the high-voltage end. This provides a complete signal link support for the quantum control of the NV color center magnetic probe in the NV color center magnetic probe module. This technical solution can be widely applied to quantum current transformers based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission at various voltage levels. On the other hand, this quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission is reasonably and ingeniously designed. By using a microwave system and a laser system in combination, it drives the NV color center to generate a fluorescence signal characterizing the magnetic field strength. The fluorescence signal is received and processed by the data processing system to retrieve the current value of the current-carrying conductor to be detected. The measurement is simple and convenient, and the measurement accuracy is high. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 A block diagram illustrating the principle of a quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the connection and communication between the microwave system and the laser system of the quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission, according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the NV color center magnetosensitive probe module.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Magnetic shielding ring; 2. NV color center magnetic sensor module; 21. NV color center magnetic sensor; 21. Housing; 211. Diamond NV color center; 212. Microwave antenna; 213. Photodetector; 22. Microwave system; 3. Radio frequency microwave source; 31. Photoelectric modulator; 32. Laser; 33. Laser system; 4. Data processing system; 5. Continuous laser; 6. Fluorescent signal; 7. Radio frequency signal; 8. Optical fiber; 9. Current-carrying conductor to be detected; 100. Induced magnetic field; 200. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Various embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the various drawings, the same elements are indicated by the same or similar reference numerals. For clarity, the various parts in the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, this invention discloses a quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission. This quantum current transformer includes a high-voltage primary side and a low-voltage secondary side. The high-voltage primary side includes a magnetic shielding ring 1 and an NV center magnetic sensor module 2, with the magnetic sensor located within the magnetic shielding ring 1. The low-voltage secondary side includes a microwave system 3, a laser system 4, and a data processing system 5, all electrically connected to the NV center magnetic sensor module 2. The microwave system 3 generates a radio frequency signal 8 within a preset frequency range based on the quantum state transition requirements of the NV center magnetic sensor module and transmits it to the NV center magnetic sensor module 2. The laser system 4 generates a continuous laser 6 based on the spin polarization requirements of the NV center magnetic sensor module and transmits it to the NV center magnetic sensor module 2. The radio frequency signal and the continuous laser work together to drive the NV center to generate a fluorescence signal 7 characterizing the magnetic field strength. The fluorescence signal 7 is transmitted to the data processing system 5, which calculates the current information to be measured based on the fluorescence signal 7.

[0024] The microwave system 3 is connected to the NV color center magnetic probe module 2 via optical fiber 9. The microwave system 3 modulates the radio frequency signal 8 into an optical signal and transmits it to the NV color center magnetic probe module 2, where it is restored to the radio frequency signal 8 and received.

[0025] In this embodiment, fiber 9 is selected as single-mode fiber 9.

[0026] The above implementation method can fully realize the high and low voltage isolation transmission of microwave drive signals for diamond NV color centers, and is suitable for quantum precision measurement needs of AC or DC current in various substations and high voltage electrical equipment.

[0027] This quantum current transformer, based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission, is used to measure the alternating current carried by current-carrying conductors in operating power systems. When current exists in a conductor, according to Ampere's circuital law, a changing magnetic field is generated in the surrounding space. The strength of the magnetic field is proportional to the magnitude of the current in the conductor. This induced magnetic field 200 is the object measured by the quantum current transformer. By measuring this magnetic field, the current information can be retrieved.

[0028] The magnetic shielding ring 1 is used for the current-carrying conductor to be measured to pass through. The shielding ring is made of a high-permeability material, such as permalloy or soft magnetic ferrite, forming a closed magnetic flux loop, effectively isolating external geomagnetic fields and industrial frequency interference magnetic fields, and ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0029] The number of NV color center magnetic sensor modules 2 is multiple, and the multiple NV color center magnetic sensor modules 2 are evenly arranged circumferentially within the magnetic shielding ring 1. The multiple NV color center magnetic sensor modules 2 are arranged in a ring array around the current-carrying conductor to spatially sample the induced magnetic field 200 around the current-carrying conductor in order to retrieve the current value.

[0030] The low-voltage side of the current transformer mainly consists of three parts: laser system 4, microwave system 3, and data processing system 5. It is the core of the control and signal analysis of the entire quantum measurement system.

[0031] Furthermore, both the laser system 4 and the data processing system 5 are connected to the NV color center magnetic probe module 2 via optical fiber 9.

[0032] The wavelength range of the continuous laser 6 generated by the laser system 4 is 520-544nm.

[0033] In this embodiment, laser system 4 is responsible for generating continuous green laser light with a wavelength of 532nm to polarize the spin state of the diamond NV color center. The system includes a laser emitter, a power control module, and an optical fiber 9 coupling structure. The laser light is transmitted from the low-voltage side to the high-voltage side magnetic probe via optical fiber 9, ensuring optical-electrical isolation and avoiding the risk of high-voltage coupling.

[0034] The microwave system 3 and the laser system 4 work together to drive the NV color center to generate a fluorescence signal 7 characterizing the magnetic field strength, including: The microwave system 3 is used to generate a radio frequency signal 8 within a preset frequency range according to the quantum state transition requirements of the NV center magnetic probe module and transmit it to the NV center magnetic probe module 2 to resonate and drive the NV center of the NV center magnetic probe module 2. The laser system 4 is used to generate a continuous laser 6 according to the spin state polarization requirements of the NV center magnetic probe module and transmit it to the NV center magnetic probe module 2 to polarize the spin state of the NV center of the NV center magnetic probe module 2. The radio frequency signal and the continuous laser are used in combination to drive the NV center to generate a fluorescence signal 7 that characterizes the magnetic field strength.

[0035] The microwave system 3 includes a radio frequency (RF) microwave source 31, an optoelectronic modulator 32, and a laser 33, which are electrically connected in sequence. The RF microwave source 31 generates an RF signal 8 within a preset frequency range. The optoelectronic modulator 32 modulates the RF signal 8. The laser 33 continuously outputs a single-mode laser beam as a modulation carrier light source. The laser 33 can be selected as a 1450nm-1650nm laser.

[0036] In this embodiment, laser 33 is a 1550nm laser, and microwave system 3 is used to generate and modulate microwave signals with a frequency range of 2–3GHz, more preferably to generate and modulate microwave signals with a frequency range of 2.8–3GHz, such as a 2.87GHz microwave signal, to drive the quantum state transition of the J diamond NV color center 212. Traditional microwave signal transmission methods use coaxial cables, which suffer from high-voltage penetration problems. This solution uses optical fiber 9 to replace the cable, converting the microwave signal into an optical signal through modulation, transmitting it to the high-voltage side via optical fiber 9, and then restoring it to microwaves through photoelectric conversion in the magnetic probe.

[0037] The NV color center magnetic sensor module 2 includes an NV color center magnetic sensor 21 and a photodetector 22, which are electrically connected; wherein, the photodetector 22 is used to convert the optical signal from the microwave system 3 into an electrical signal.

[0038] The NV center magnetic probe 21 includes a housing 211, a diamond NV center, and a microwave antenna 213. The diamond NV center 212 and the microwave antenna 213 are disposed inside the housing 211. The microwave antenna 213 is disposed at the bottom of the diamond NV center 212 and is used to receive the radio frequency signal 8 from the microwave system 3 and radiate the microwave signal onto the diamond NV center 212, thereby completing the resonant drive of the electron spin state of the diamond NV center 212.

[0039] The electron spin state of the diamond NV color center 212 is extremely sensitive to external magnetic fields. It can emit a fluorescent signal under the combined action of specific microwaves and lasers. Its fluorescence characteristics are directly related to the strength of the magnetic field. In addition, multiple magnetic probes are usually arranged in an array around the current-carrying conductor to collect magnetic field information from different spatial locations, thereby improving measurement accuracy and robustness.

[0040] Considering the practical application environment of quantum current transformers based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission in high-voltage substations, the low-frequency magnetic fields generated by geomagnetism, transformers, cables, and large switching equipment in substations can interfere with the measurement results of the diamond NV color center 212 magnetic probe 21. This solution encapsulates the entire magnetic probe module inside a specially designed magnetic shielding ring 1. The magnetic shielding ring 1 is made of a high permeability material, which can effectively guide and absorb interference magnetic flux from the outside, preventing it from entering the magnetic measurement area, thereby significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of magnetic field measurement.

[0041] The data processing system 5 is used to receive the fluorescence signal 7 emitted from the NV color center and process the fluorescence signal 7 to obtain the current value in the current-carrying conductor to be detected.

[0042] The data processing system 5 is used to receive the fluorescence signal 7 emitted from the NV color center magnetic probe module 2 on the high-voltage side. The fluorescence band is located in the range of 600–800nm. After the fluorescence signal 7 is acquired through the optical fiber 9, the system amplifies, filters, and digitizes the signal. Based on the relationship between fluorescence intensity and microwave resonant frequency, the magnetic field strength of the NV color center is derived, and then the magnitude of the current in the current-carrying conductor is obtained by inversion.

[0043] The quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission in this embodiment is implemented by a combination of a microwave system 3 on the low-voltage secondary side and a specially designed NV color center magnetosensitive probe 21 on the high-voltage primary side. The microwave system 3 is located on the low-voltage side of the transformer and includes a radio frequency microwave source 31, a photoelectric modulator 32, and a laser 33. The radio frequency microwave source 31 generates a stable frequency radio frequency signal 8, which is typically set near the zero-field splitting resonant frequency of the diamond NV color center 212. This radio frequency signal 8 serves as a control signal driving quantum state transitions, enabling the control of quantum state transitions. The basis for manipulating the electron spin state of the diamond NV color center 212; in the optoelectronic modulator 32, the microwave signal adjusts the interference path or the refractive index / absorption rate of the modulation material to make the intensity or phase of the optical signal change with the radio frequency signal 8, thereby generating a modulated optical signal with microwave information at the output end; the 1550nm laser 33 is the optical carrier source in the modulation system, which can continuously output a continuous wave laser with good monochromaticity and stable power, ensuring signal stability and low loss during long-distance transmission of the modulated light between high and low voltage sides, and providing a stable optical carrier for the entire microwave fiber optic transmission system 9.

[0044] The modulated microwave signal, i.e., the radio frequency signal 8, is transmitted from the low-voltage side to the high-voltage side of the quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission through a 1550nm laser 33 and a single-mode fiber 9. The high-voltage side of the transformer is equipped with a photoelectric detection module integrated into the structure of the NV color center magnetic sensor 21. The received modulated optical signal is converted into a corresponding microwave electrical signal through the photoelectric conversion of this module. This electrical signal is connected to the microwave antenna 213 through a short-distance coaxial cable. The microwave antenna 213 radiates the radio frequency signal 8 to the surface of the diamond NV color center 212 located nearby, which is used to control the electron spin state of the diamond NV color center 212 to achieve response driving to the magnetic field. The structure of the microwave antenna 213 in the NV color center magnetic sensor 21 can be a microstrip antenna, a helical antenna, or a loop antenna. The specific form needs to be designed and selected according to the size of the diamond NV color center 212, the placement and fixing method, and the space available for antenna arrangement. The transmission path of the modulated optical signal, the fiber optic interface 9, the modulation parameters, and the electro-optic devices are all compatible with conventional communication fiber optic 9 systems, which facilitates system-level integration.

[0045] This invention relates to the field of quantum measurement and electrically isolated transmission, aiming to improve the electrical isolation capability and safety of microwave driving signals in quantum measurement systems. Its core is the use of an optical fiber 9 structure to achieve isolated transmission of microwave signals between the low-voltage and high-voltage sides of a transformer. This solution includes a microwave system 3 arranged on the low-voltage side and an NV center magnetosensitive probe module 2 arranged on the high-voltage side. On the low-voltage side, the microwave system 3 includes a radio frequency microwave source 31, a 1550nm laser 33, and a photoelectric modulator 32. The microwave source generates a radio frequency signal 8 in the 2.87GHz frequency range as a control signal for spin manipulation of the diamond NV center 212. The 1550nm laser 33 continuously outputs a single-mode laser beam as a modulation carrier source. The modulator modulates the intensity of the microwave signal through an interference structure to generate a modulated optical signal. The modulated output optical signal carries microwave frequency information and is coupled to the high-voltage side through a standard single-mode optical fiber 9 output interface. On the high-voltage side, an integrated NV center magnetosensitive probe module 2 is deployed, which integrates a photodetector 22 and a microwave antenna 213 structure. The modulated optical signal enters the photodetector 22 inside the NV center magnetic probe module 2 through the input port of optical fiber 9. The photodetector 22 converts the signal into a corresponding electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the microwave antenna 213 via a short-distance coaxial cable. The microwave antenna 213 radiates the microwave signal onto the surface of the diamond NV center 212, completing the resonant drive of the electron spin state of the NV center. The above implementation can completely realize the high- and low-voltage isolated transmission of the microwave drive signal of the diamond NV center 212, and is suitable for the quantum precision measurement needs of AC or DC current in various substations and high-voltage electrical equipment.

[0046] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: On the one hand, by introducing a microwave signal transmission scheme based on fiber optic 9 link into a quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission, stable transmission of microwave signals under high and low voltage isolation conditions is achieved, realizing complete electrical isolation between the high and low voltage sides, significantly improving the insulation performance and safety level of the system. This technology effectively solves the insulation and safety problems faced by traditional coaxial cables when crossing high and low voltage sides, while retaining the spectral characteristics of microwave signals and the ability to control the spin state of NV color centers. It is suitable for quantum precision measurement applications in various complex electrical environments, ensuring the electrical reliability of the system during long-term operation. By completing the optical modulation of the radio frequency signal 8 on the low voltage side and transmitting it to the high voltage side via fiber optic 9 for photoelectric restoration, the final... The microwave antenna 213 driving the NV color center magnetic sensor module 2 ensures the accurate restoration and synchronous transmission of the control signal at the high-voltage end, providing complete signal link support for the quantum control of the NV color center magnetic sensor 21 in the NV color center magnetic sensor module 2. This technical solution can be widely applied to quantum current transformers based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission at various voltage levels. On the other hand, the quantum current transformer based on fiber-optic isolated microwave transmission is reasonably and ingeniously designed. Through the cooperation of the microwave system 3 and the laser system 4, the NV color center is driven to generate a fluorescence signal 7 that characterizes the magnetic field strength. The fluorescence signal 7 is received and processed by the data processing system 5 to retrieve the current value of the current-carrying conductor 100 to be detected. The measurement is simple and convenient, and the measurement accuracy is high.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolated microwave transmission, characterized in that, The application relates to a high-voltage magnetic field sensor. The high-voltage primary side comprises a magnetic shielding ring and an NV color center magnetic probe module, wherein the magnetic probe is arranged in the magnetic shielding ring. The low-voltage secondary side comprises a microwave system, a laser system and a data processing system which are electrically connected with the NV color center magnetic probe module respectively. The microwave system is used for generating a radio frequency signal in a preset frequency range according to the quantum state transition requirement of the NV color center magnetic probe module and transmitting the radio frequency signal to the NV color center magnetic probe module.

2. The quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation of microwave transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser system is used for generating continuous laser according to the spin state polarization requirement of the NV color center magnetic probe module and transmitting the continuous laser to the NV color center magnetic probe module.

3. The quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation of microwave transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radio frequency signal and the continuous laser drive the NV color center to generate a fluorescence signal representing the magnetic field strength. The fluorescence signal is transmitted to the data processing system.

4. The quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation of microwave transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing system calculates the current information to be detected according to the fluorescence signal. The microwave system is connected with the NV color center magnetic probe module through an optical fiber.

5. The quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation of microwave transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave system modulates the radio frequency signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the NV color center magnetic probe module. The microwave system restores the optical signal into a radio frequency signal and receives the radio frequency signal.

6. The quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation of microwave transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that, The laser system and the data processing system are connected with the NV color center magnetic probe module through optical fibers. The radio frequency signal and the continuous laser drive the NV color center to generate a fluorescence signal representing the magnetic field strength. The microwave system is used for generating a radio frequency signal in a preset frequency range according to the quantum state transition requirement of the NV color center magnetic probe module and transmitting the radio frequency signal to the NV color center magnetic probe module. The laser system is used for generating continuous laser according to the spin state polarization requirement of the NV color center magnetic probe module and transmitting the continuous laser to the NV color center magnetic probe module. The radio frequency signal and the continuous laser cooperate to drive the NV color center to generate a fluorescence signal representing the magnetic field strength. The microwave system comprises a radio frequency microwave source, an optoelectronic modulator and a laser. The radio frequency microwave source is used for generating a radio frequency signal in a preset frequency range. The optoelectronic modulator modulates the radio frequency signal. The laser continuously outputs a single-mode laser beam as a modulated carrier light source. The NV color center magnetic probe module comprises an NV color center magnetic probe and an optoelectronic detector. The optoelectronic detector is used for converting the optical signal from the microwave system into an electrical signal. The NV color center magnetic probe comprises an outer shell, a diamond NV color center and a microwave antenna. The diamond NV color center and the microwave antenna are arranged in the outer shell. The microwave antenna is arranged at the bottom of the diamond NV color center and is used for receiving the radio frequency signal from the microwave system and radiating the microwave signal to the diamond NV color center, thereby completing the resonance driving of the electronic spin state of the diamond NV color center.

7. The quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation of microwave transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the NV color center magnetic sensitive probe modules is multiple, and the multiple NV color center magnetic sensitive probe modules are uniformly arranged in the magnetic shielding ring along the circumference.

8. The quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation of microwave transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic shielding ring is used for the through of the to-be-detected current-carrying conductor.

9. The quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation of microwave transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing system is used for receiving the fluorescence signal emitted by the NV color center and processing the fluorescence signal to obtain the current value in the to-be-detected current-carrying conductor.

10. The quantum current transformer based on optical fiber isolation of microwave transmission according to any of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The frequency range of the radio frequency signal is 2-3 GHz, the frequency band of the fluorescence signal is located in the range of 600-800 nm, and the wavelength range of the continuous laser generated by the laser system is 520-544 nm.

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