Controllable multichannel optomagnetic addressing guide system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a controllable multi-channel optomagnetic addressing guide system and a method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of precise control and advanced manufacturing. The system comprises a matrix, and a magnetic function unit, a light control unit, a magnetic field control unit and a main control unit which are distributed in the matrix. The main control unit scans one or more light tracks in a substrate by controlling the light control unit, cooperates with a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field control unit, and realizes parallel guidance and addressing control of the multiple groups of magnetic functional units by utilizing the combined action of a photothermal effect and the magnetic field. By changing parameters such as laser wavelength, the system can selectively activate and sort specific functional units. The method overcomes the defect that multiple targets cannot be independently, parallelly and accurately guided in the prior art, has strong addressing capability, high parallelism and flexible controllability, and can be widely applied to the fields of targeted drug delivery, microcosmic assembly, tissue engineering, reconfigurable flexible electronics and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of advanced manufacturing and precision manipulation, and more particularly to a system and method for multi-channel, addressable, and parallel guidance of magnetic functional units dispersed in a matrix using the synergistic effect of optical and magnetic fields. This system can be widely applied in targeted drug delivery, micro / nano robot manipulation, tissue engineering, and reconfigurable flexible electronics. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, manipulating particles or functional units at the micro- and nano-scale mainly relies on microfluidics, optical tweezers, or magnetic control. Microfluidics depends on pre-fabricated physical channels and lacks reconfigurability; optical tweezers offer high manipulation precision but have weak force, making it difficult to achieve parallel manipulation of multiple targets; traditional magnetic control can generate significant force, but it typically lacks spatial resolution and addressing capabilities, making it difficult to achieve independent and parallel precise control of multiple targets.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a novel guidance system and method that can integrate multiple targets, be parallelized, addressable, and highly controllable, in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Purpose of the invention The purpose of this invention is to provide a controllable multi-channel optical-magnetic addressing guidance system and method to solve the technical problem that the prior art cannot perform independent, parallel, addressable, and precise guidance of multiple magnetic functional units.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A controllable multi-channel optical-magnetic addressing guidance system includes: Matrix: Provides a distribution environment for magnetic functional units. Its material is a flexible material with good biocompatibility or a non-flexible light-transmitting material, such as PDMS, hydrogel or Ecoflex silicone, etc. Magnetic functional units: distributed within the matrix, which have a core-shell structure, with the core comprising magnetic materials (such as iron oxide) and the outer shell comprising photothermal conversion materials (such as gold nanoshells or carbon nanotubes). Optical control unit: used to generate and control at least one laser beam, which includes a laser, a beam shaper and a beam deflector (such as a galvanometer system), and can scan one or more light trajectories as needed; Magnetic field control unit: used to generate a magnetic field, which can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet system; The main control unit is signal-connected to the optical control unit and the magnetic field control unit, and is used to coordinate and control laser parameters (such as wavelength, power, and scanning path) and magnetic field parameters (such as intensity and gradient) to achieve parallel guidance and addressing control of multiple sets of magnetic functional units. The main control unit can be controlled in one or more ways, including programmable control, analog control, manual control, or closed-loop control based on sensor feedback.

[0006] A guidance method using the above system includes the following steps: The magnetic functional unit is introduced into the matrix; The main control unit controls the optical control unit to scan one or more light trajectories within the matrix; The magnetic field control unit is used to generate a magnetic field; Through the combined effects of photothermal effects (such as the Marangoni effect) and magnetic fields, multiple sets of magnetic functional units are guided into their respective optical trajectories and move along them in a directional manner. Selective activation and addressing guidance of different functional units can be achieved by changing laser parameters (such as switching to different wavelengths).

[0007] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: Powerful addressing capability: By modulating laser parameters (such as wavelength), the system can distinguish and selectively activate specific groups of magnetic functional units, achieving independent control of specific targets, just as if assigning an "address" to each target; High parallelism: It can generate and maintain multiple independent optical trajectory channels at the same time, realize parallel guidance of multiple functional units, and greatly improve the operation efficiency. Ultimate controllability: It can simultaneously generate and maintain multiple independent optical trajectory channels, enabling parallel guidance of multiple functional units and greatly improving operational efficiency. This "controllability" encompasses multiple modes, including programming, simulation, manual operation, and closed-loop feedback, offering flexible application and a wide range of adaptability. No prefabricated physical channels are required: an invisible and dynamically reconfigurable guidance path is constructed using light and magnetic fields, eliminating the dependence on fixed structures and giving the system excellent reconfigurability and adaptability. Safety: The main control unit precisely controls the laser power and irradiation time to ensure the safety of the system in sensitive applications such as biomedicine; With broad application prospects, this technology platform provides novel solutions for precision medicine, micro-assembly, and next-generation flexible electronics. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the controllable multi-channel optical-magnetic addressing guidance system described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the core-shell structure of a magnetic functional unit; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of multi-channel parallel addressing guidance; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating addressing control achieved using lasers of different wavelengths. Detailed Implementation

[0010] To achieve the aforementioned controllable multi-channel optical-magnetic addressing guidance, the core physical principles and calculation formulas upon which this system is based are as follows: 1. Photothermal conversion and temperature field calculation When the magnetic functional unit is irradiated by a laser of a specific wavelength, its photothermal conversion material shell converts light energy into heat energy, causing a local temperature rise in itself and its surroundings. This temperature rise is the basis for all driving effects. The heat power density generated per unit volume... It can be described by the following formula:

[0011] in, It is the light absorption cross section of the magnetic functional unit, which is mainly determined by its material and structure; This is the power density (W / m²) of the laser at the focal point. Subsequently, the steady-state temperature field distribution caused by this heat source... This can be obtained by solving Poisson's heat conduction equation:

[0012] 2. Driving force of photothermal capillary effect (Marangoni effect) When laser scanning creates localized high-temperature regions, a surface tension gradient is generated at the interface between the magnetic functional unit and the matrix. Surface tension It is a function of temperature, that is The resulting Marangoni stress This is one of the main mechanisms driving the magnetic functional unit to move towards the high-temperature region (laser focus), and its expression is:

[0013] in, It is the surface tension temperature coefficient (usually a negative value). It is the temperature gradient at the interface. This force drives the functional unit to move from the low-temperature region (low surface tension) to the high-temperature region (high surface tension).

[0014] 3. Magnetic Response and Magnetic Force Calculation The magnetic functional unit is subjected to an external magnetic field. The lower part will be magnetized, producing magnetization intensity. For superparamagnetic particles, their magnetization follows a Langevin function relationship with the external magnetic field. This magnetization unit is influenced by the magnetic field gradient. The magnetic force experienced in Given by the following formula:

[0015] in, It is the vacuum permeability. This magnetic force is used to confine the magnetic functional unit, causing it to move along a preset optical trajectory and overcome viscous resistance.

[0016] 4. Stokes viscous resistance When a magnetic functional unit moves in a viscous matrix, it will experience fluid viscous resistance. The effect of this resistance. For spherical particles, this resistance can be calculated using Stokes' formula:

[0017] in, It is the dynamic viscosity of the matrix. It is the effective hydraulic radius of the functional unit. This refers to the velocity of the functional unit relative to the substrate. The system's drive design must ensure the driving force ( It can effectively overcome this viscous resistance.

[0018] 5. Physical basis of wavelength addressing The system's ability to address data using different wavelengths stems from the optical absorption cross-sections of different functional units. It exhibits a strong wavelength dependence. According to Mie scattering theory, the absorption efficiency of a functional unit for a specific wavelength of laser light... It can be represented as:

[0019] in, It is the complex refractive index of the functional unit relative to the surrounding medium. These are dimensional parameters. By designing different functional units with varying... and The outer shell, when using wavelength During laser scanning, it mainly only targets... High-absorption functional units are activated, thereby enabling selective addressing.

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0021] Example 1: For the fabrication of reconfigurable flexible electronic devices System configuration: The matrix is ​​PDMS elastomer. The magnetic functional unit is encapsulated with iron(III) oxide (Fe3O4). The system consists of liquid metal (Galinstan) nanoparticles. The optical control unit is a 1064nm fiber laser and galvanometer system. The magnetic field control unit is a permanent magnet. The main control unit is an industrial computer.

[0022] Implementation process: The main control unit runs a preset program to control the laser to scan out the "interdigital electrode" circuit pattern. Under the combined action of photothermal effect (Marangoni flow) and magnetic field, liquid metal droplets are guided to the light trajectory and converge to form a continuous conductive path. By reprogramming the laser path, the old circuit can be erased and a new circuit can be manufactured on the same substrate.

[0023] Example 2: For targeted drug delivery System configuration: The matrix is ​​a hydrogel that simulates biological tissue. The magnetic functional units are mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with chemotherapeutic drugs (such as doxorubicin) (the core is...). The outer shell is mesoporous. The optical control unit is an 808nm near-infrared laser. The magnetic field control unit is a three-dimensional Helmholtz coil.

[0024] Implementation Process and Safety Control: The main control unit controls the laser to scan a light trajectory leading to the tumor area. To ensure biosafety, the main control unit, based on pre-stored safety parameter thresholds, consistently controls the product of the laser power density (I) and irradiation time (t) below a critical value (C) (i.e., meets the requirements). This critical value was determined through in vitro tissue experiments to ensure that the temperature rise does not exceed the biocompatibility threshold of 42°C. Once the functional unit is reached, drug release can be triggered by a slight increase in laser power.

[0025] Example 3: Used for micro-assembly System configuration: The matrix is ​​deionized water. The magnetic functional unit consists of polystyrene magnetic microspheres with different molecular structures modified on their surface. The optical control unit can generate two independent laser beams at 785nm and 850nm.

[0026] Implementation process: The main control unit controls a 785nm laser to scan a circular trajectory, guiding the "gear" microspheres that respond to this wavelength; simultaneously, it controls an 850nm laser to scan a straight line trajectory, guiding the "bearing" microspheres that respond to this wavelength. The two beams work in parallel, ultimately assembling the different microspheres into a micromechanical structure.

[0027] Example 4: Used to demonstrate addressing and parallel guidance System configuration: The matrix is ​​a transparent hydrogel. Magnetic functional units include two types: Type A units have a core-shell structure with a core of magnetite (Fe3O4) and an outer shell of gold nanotubes (optimal absorption wavelength 808nm); Type B units have a core-shell structure with a core of magnetite (Fe3O4) and an outer shell of carbon nanotubes (optimal absorption wavelength 980nm). The optical control unit is a dual-wavelength laser system capable of simultaneously outputting 808nm and 980nm laser light, equipped with independent galvanometers for parallel beam control. The magnetic field control unit is a uniform magnetic field generator.

[0028] Implementation Process: The main control unit executes a parallel guidance program. First, it controls an 808nm laser to scan a tortuous optical trajectory (path 1), while simultaneously controlling a 980nm laser to scan a straight optical trajectory (path 2). The two lasers operate simultaneously without interference. Type A units exhibit a high absorption response to the 808nm laser, are selectively activated, and enter path 1; Type B units exhibit a high absorption response to the 980nm laser, are selectively activated, and enter path 2. The main control unit monitors the movement of units on both paths in real time and ensures guidance stability and efficiency by adjusting laser power and scanning speed. This process clearly demonstrates the system's ability to achieve addressing through wavelength parameters and to achieve independent multi-channel guidance through parallel scanning.

[0029] The main control unit calculates the required laser power and scanning speed based on the above principles. For example, to drive the functional unit at a speed... Motion, required laser power density The following energy balance relationship must be satisfied:

[0030] Example 5: Intelligent Drug Release and Control Based on Real-Time Feedback Objective: This embodiment aims to demonstrate how the system integrates sensor feedback to achieve adaptive closed-loop precision control, thereby meeting the needs of complex biomedical applications.

[0031] System Configuration: Matrix: A hydrogel that mimics the tumor microenvironment, with a pH value slightly lower than that of normal tissue; Magnetic functional unit: Core-shell structure. The core is iron(III) oxide (Fe3O4). Nanoparticles with a shell of pH-responsive polymer-encapsulated mesoporous silica, whose pores are loaded with chemotherapeutic drugs (such as doxorubicin). Optical control unit: 980nm near-infrared laser and galvanometer system; Magnetic field control unit: permanent magnet, providing a constant gradient magnetic field; Sensing unit: Miniature fiber optic pH sensor (or fluorescence imaging system), embedded in the matrix, for real-time monitoring of local pH value; Main control unit: Industrial computer with built-in control algorithms, receiving and processing sensor signals in real time; Implementation process and closed-loop control logic: 1. Initialization and Guidance: The drug-loaded magnetic functional unit is injected into the matrix edge (simulating vascular injection). The main control unit controls the laser to scan a light trajectory from the injection point to the preset "tumor region." The functional unit is guided to the target area under the synergistic effect of photomagnetism; 2. Status monitoring: The sensing unit continuously monitors the real-time pH value of the target area and transmits the data stream to the main control unit; 3. Decision-making and execution: Condition A (Trigger threshold not reached): When the monitored pH value does not reach the preset threshold for drug release (e.g., pH>6.5), the main control unit determines that the current environment is not the target site, and thus maintains low-power laser scanning, which only serves to constrain the functional unit within the trajectory and prevent premature drug leakage; Condition B (Trigger Threshold Reached): When the sensor detects that the pH value has dropped below a preset threshold (e.g., pH ≤ 6.5, indicating that an acidic tumor microenvironment has been reached), the main control unit immediately triggers control commands: a) slightly increase the laser power to raise the local temperature to the phase transition temperature of the pH-responsive polymer, causing it to contract and open the mesopores to release the drug; b) simultaneously control the laser to perform localized focused scanning in this area, expanding the stimulation area and ensuring sufficient drug release; Feedback Termination: After drug release, the main control unit can restore the laser power to the basic guidance level according to a preset program, or execute the next instruction (such as guiding the functional unit to withdraw); Beneficial Effects: This embodiment demonstrates how the system transcends simple open-loop guidance, becoming an adaptive, self-feedback precision execution system by integrating real-time sensing and intelligent decision-making. It ensures that therapeutic actions (drug release) are triggered only at the correct time and place, greatly improving the safety and effectiveness of treatment, and representing a crucial step towards truly intelligent micro / nano medical robots.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controllable multi-channel optical-magnetic addressing guidance system, characterized in that, include: Matrix; Multiple magnetic functional units distributed within the matrix; An optical control unit for generating and controlling at least one laser beam; Magnetic field control unit, used to generate a magnetic field; The main control unit is signal-connected to the optical control unit and the magnetic field control unit; The main control unit is configured to control the optical control unit and the magnetic field control unit, so that the laser scans one or more light trajectories in the matrix and works in conjunction with the magnetic field to guide the magnetic functional units in parallel, and can achieve addressing control of different magnetic functional units by changing the laser parameters.

2. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical control unit is configured to scan multiple optical tracks in parallel.

3. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable mode of the main control unit is one or more of programmable control, analog control, manual control, or closed-loop control based on sensor feedback.

4. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laser parameters include one or more of the following: wavelength, polarization state, pulse frequency, power, focal size, scanning path, and scanning speed.

5. The system as described in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The optical control unit can generate lasers of different wavelengths to scan multiple light trajectories in parallel; and different magnetic functional units are configured to selectively respond to lasers of specific wavelengths, thereby realizing addressing and sorting control.

6. The system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic functional unit has a core-shell structure, with its core comprising magnetic material and its shell comprising photothermal conversion material.

7. A guidance method using the system described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The magnetic functional unit is introduced into the matrix; The main control unit controls the optical control unit to scan one or more light trajectories within the matrix; The magnetic field control unit is used to generate a magnetic field; Through the combined effect of photothermal effect and magnetic field, multiple sets of magnetic functional units are guided to enter their corresponding light trajectories and move along them in their orientation.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The main control unit achieves selective activation and guidance of specific magnetic functional units by changing the laser parameters.

9. The method as described in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The main control unit is configured to control the power density and irradiation time of the laser within a predetermined safety threshold based on the characteristics of the matrix and the photothermal response threshold of the magnetic functional unit, so as to prevent thermal damage to the matrix or the surrounding environment.

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