Machining method of duplicate gear

Abstract

The invention relates to a machining method of a duplicate gear, which comprises the following steps of: roughly machining a duplicate gear part, reserving allowance on a tooth surface, and selecting a large-end marking tooth and a small-end marking tooth; then carrying out heat treatment; if the included angle between the tooth groove center line of the large-end marking tooth and the tooth groove center line of the small-end marking tooth is large due to rough machining errors and heat treatment deformation, it cannot be guaranteed that the final included angle between the tooth groove center lines of the large end and the small end is qualified through borrowing machining; if yes, a distribution diagram of the small end tooth groove center line and the large end tooth groove center line and reference lines on the two sides of the small end tooth groove center line are made, and the small end tooth groove center line can be determined as long as the included angle between at least one large end tooth groove center line and the most adjacent reference line is small and the borrowing machining qualification condition is met. If yes, the large-end marking teeth and the small-end marking teeth can be reset for finish machining, and it is guaranteed that the part is qualified; compared with the prior art, the angle out-of-tolerance rate of the center line of the marked tooth groove can be reduced, and therefore the rate of unqualified products is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear processing technology, and specifically to a method for processing double gears. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 1 The double gear shown, viewed from the small end to the large end, should be aligned with the center line of the tooth groove at the small end in a clockwise direction, and the center line of the tooth groove at the small end (tooth A) and the center line of the tooth groove at the large end (tooth B) should form an angle, i.e., α ± β. Figure 2 The gear shown is with Figure 1 The double gears used in pairing are identical except that the tooth grooves at the large and small ends are aligned in opposite directions (when viewed from the small end to the large end, the center line of the tooth groove at the small end is counterclockwise from the center line of the tooth groove at the large end). Figure 1 Gear alignment. In existing technology, the machining of the above... Figure 1 or Figure 2 When making double gears, the process involves rough machining of the tooth surface with allowance, selecting a marked tooth, heat treatment, and then finishing the tooth surface according to the marked tooth. However, due to machining errors and heat treatment deformation, the center line angle of the marked tooth groove has a high deviation rate and a high defect rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem in the existing double gear processing technology that, due to processing errors and heat treatment deformation, the center line angle of the marked tooth groove has a high rate of deviation and the defect rate is high, so this invention provides a processing method for double gears.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for machining a double gear includes the following steps: a. Roughly machine the double-toothed part, leaving a margin on the tooth surface, and select the large-end marking tooth and the small-end marking tooth; then perform heat treatment; b. After heat treatment, the double-tooth part is sent to a metering unit to measure the angle γ between the center line of the large-end marked tooth groove and the center line of the small-end marked tooth groove. Calculate the maximum allowable angle δ1 and the maximum allowable angle δ2 of the center line of the small-end tooth groove during finishing. If α-β-δ1-δ2≤γ≤α+β+δ1+δ2, proceed to step d; if γ<α-β-δ1-δ2 or γ>α+β+δ1+δ2, proceed to step c. Wherein, α is the design angle between the center lines of the large-end marked tooth groove and the small-end marked tooth groove, and β is the error compensation angle. c, make a distribution map of the small end tooth slot center line and the large end tooth slot center line; on each side of each small end tooth slot center line on the distribution map, make a reference line that is extended to the center of the circle, and the angle between the two reference lines and the corresponding small end tooth slot center line is α; angle measurement: if the angle between any large end tooth slot center line and the nearest reference line is greater than β+δ1+δ2, stop machining; if there is at least one large end tooth slot center line whose angle with the nearest reference line is not greater than β+δ1+δ2, select one of the large end tooth slot center lines, and reset the large end marker tooth with its tooth slot, and reset the small end marker tooth with the tooth slot of the small end tooth slot center line corresponding to the nearest reference line; d, finish machining the double gear part based on the large end marker tooth and the small end marker tooth.

[0005] The application adopts the foregoing technical scheme, and the double gear part after heat treatment is measured, if the angle γ between the large end marker tooth slot center line and the small end marker tooth slot center line satisfies α-β-δ1-δ2≤γ≤α+β+δ1+δ2, it is indicated that the final large end tooth slot center line and the small end tooth slot center line can be guaranteed to be qualified by the measurement machining, in this case, the original large end marker tooth and the small end marker tooth are used, and step d is performed; if the rough machining error and the heat treatment deformation are large, so that the angle γ is not in the foregoing range, it is indicated that even if the measurement machining is performed, the final large end tooth slot center line and the small end tooth slot center line cannot be guaranteed to be qualified, at this time, step c is performed, as long as there is at least one large end tooth slot center line whose angle with the nearest reference line is not greater than β+δ1+δ2, the large end marker tooth and the small end marker tooth can be reset, and then step d is performed, so that the qualified part can be guaranteed; compared with the prior art, in the double gear machining process, due to the machining error and the heat treatment deformation, the angle of the marker tooth slot center line is high, and the unqualified product rate is high, in the double gear machining process, after the part is heat treated and before the finish machining, the method of resetting the marker tooth is used to reduce the angle of the marker tooth slot center line, so that the unqualified product rate is reduced.

[0006] Further, in step c, if there is at least one large end tooth slot center line whose angle with the nearest reference line is not greater than β+δ1+δ2, the large end tooth slot center line whose angle with the nearest reference line is the smallest is selected, the large end marker tooth is reset with its tooth slot, and the small end marker tooth is reset with the tooth slot of the small end tooth slot center line corresponding to the nearest reference line; in this way, the deviation of the angle between the reset small end tooth slot center line and the large end tooth slot center line from α is the smallest, which is more conducive to guaranteeing the machining precision of the finish machining process, so that the qualified product rate is improved.

[0007] Further, the processing method can be used to process a pair of double gear parts for pairing use: in step c, if the small-end tooth slot center line for resetting the mark tooth is in the clockwise direction of the large-end tooth slot center line, then in step d, one of the pair of double gear parts for pairing use is processed; if the small-end tooth slot center line for resetting the mark tooth is in the counterclockwise direction of the large-end tooth slot center line, then in step d, the other of the pair of double gear parts for pairing use is processed; under the premise that the included angle between the large-end tooth slot center line and the nearest reference line is not greater than β+δ1+δ2, the double gear part processed can be controlled to be which one of the pair of double gear parts for pairing use by selecting the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction of the small-end tooth slot center line for resetting the mark tooth relative to the large-end tooth slot center line.

[0008] Further, in step b, the following equation is used to calculate : ; wherein L1 is the tooth surface allowance of the small-end tooth in the tangential direction of the index circle, D1 is the diameter of the small-end index circle, L2 is the tooth surface allowance of the large-end tooth in the tangential direction of the index circle, and D2 is the diameter of the large-end index circle; according to the tooth surface allowance and the gear index circle, the maximum angle of adjustment of the tooth surface in the finishing process, that is, the maximum angle of adjustment of the tooth slot center line, can be calculated.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: in the double gear processing process, after the part is heat treated and before it is finished, the mark tooth slot center line angle overage rate can be reduced by resetting the mark tooth, thereby reducing the unqualified product rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a front view of a double gear part; Figure 2 is a front view of a pair of double gear parts for pairing use; Figure 1 Figure 3 is a distribution diagram (partly) of the small-end tooth slot center line and the large-end tooth slot center line; Figure 4 is a rough machining schematic diagram of the tooth surface; Figure 5 is a borrowed machining schematic diagram of the tooth surface; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of calculating the maximum borrowed angle of the tooth slot center line through the index circle and the tooth surface allowance; Figure 7 is a distribution diagram (partly) of the small-end tooth slot center line and the large-end tooth slot center line after the reference line is made.

[0010] ​Markings in the diagram: 1-Center line of the tooth groove at the large end, 2-Center line of the tooth groove at the small end, 3-Reference line, 4-Center line of the tooth groove at the large end, 5-Center line of the tooth groove at the small end, 6-Rough machined tooth surface, 7-Theoretical finished tooth surface, 8-Finished tooth surface after borrowing allowance, 9-Pitch circle. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0013] This invention provides a method for machining a double gear, characterized by comprising the following steps: a. Roughly machine the double-toothed part, leaving a margin on the tooth surface, and select the large-end marking tooth and the small-end marking tooth; then perform heat treatment; b. After heat treatment, the double-tooth part is sent to a metering unit to measure the angle γ between the center line 1 of the large-end marked tooth groove and the center line 2 of the small-end marked tooth groove. Calculate the maximum angle δ1 of the small-end tooth groove center line 5 and the maximum angle δ2 of the large-end tooth groove center line 4 during finishing. If α-β-δ1-δ2≤γ≤α+β+δ1+δ2, proceed to step d; if γ<α-β-δ1-δ2 or γ>α+β+δ1+δ2, proceed to step c. Wherein, α is the design angle between the center line 1 of the large-end marked tooth groove and the center line 2 of the small-end marked tooth groove, and β is the error compensation angle. The principle of allowance borrowing in tooth surface machining is as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 In this context, δ represents the allowance angle of the center line 4 of the large-end tooth groove or the center line 5 of the small-end tooth groove; while the maximum allowable angle δ1 of the center line 5 of the small-end tooth groove and the maximum allowable angle δ2 of the center line 4 of the large-end tooth groove can be obtained through... Figure 6 For the geometric relationship calculation of the small end gear, the length of the line segment connecting the intersection of the pitch circle 9, the rough-machined tooth surface 6, and the theoretical finished tooth surface 7 is L1, which is called the tooth surface allowance of the small end gear in the tangential direction of the pitch circle 9. The corresponding central angle is calculated as follows. The same calculation applies to the large-end gear. Specifically, ; Where L1 is the tooth surface allowance of the small end tooth in the tangential direction of the pitch circle, D1 is the diameter of the small end pitch circle, L2 is the tooth surface allowance of the large end tooth in the tangential direction of the pitch circle, and D2 is the diameter of the large end pitch circle. c, the distribution of the small-end tooth slot center line 5 and the large-end tooth slot center line 4 is made, as shown (only a part is shown) in FIG. 3; a reference line 3 is made on each side of each small-end tooth slot center line 5 on the distribution, and the reference line 3 passes through the center of the circle, and the angle between the two reference lines 3 and the corresponding small-end tooth slot center line 5 is α, as shown (only a part is shown) in FIG. 4; and angle measurement is performed: if the angle between any large-end tooth slot center line 4 and the nearest reference line 3 is greater than β+δ1+δ2, the machining is stopped; if there is at least one large-end tooth slot center line 4, and the angle between the large-end tooth slot center line 4 and the nearest reference line 3 is not greater than β+δ1+δ2, a large-end marking tooth is reset in the tooth slot of the large-end tooth slot center line 4, and a small-end marking tooth is reset in the tooth slot of the small-end tooth slot center line 5 corresponding to the nearest reference line 3. Figure 3 Figure 7 The following is described in combination with Figure 7 Figure 7 In the case shown in FIG. 2, if there is one large-end tooth slot center line 4, and the angle between the large-end tooth slot center line 4 and the nearest reference line 3 is not greater than β+δ1+δ2, the marked tooth is reset, and the angle between the large-end tooth slot center line 4 and the nearest reference line 3 is guaranteed to be qualified after the amount of machining is borrowed. For example, it is observed that Figure 7 In the case shown in FIG. 2, if there is one large-end tooth slot center line 4, and the angle between the large-end tooth slot center line 4 and the nearest reference line 3 is not greater than β+δ1+δ2, the marked tooth is reset, and the angle between the large-end tooth slot center line 4 and the nearest reference line 3 is guaranteed to be qualified after the amount of machining is borrowed. If there are multiple large-end tooth slot center lines 4, and the angle between the large-end tooth slot center line 4 and the nearest reference line 3 is not greater than β+δ1+δ2, theoretically, any large-end tooth slot center line 4 is selected, a large-end marking tooth is reset in the tooth slot of the large-end tooth slot center line 4, and a small-end marking tooth is reset in the tooth slot of the small-end tooth slot center line 5 corresponding to the nearest reference line 3; but preferably, in order to improve the machining qualification rate as much as possible, the large-end tooth slot center line 4 with the smallest angle with the nearest reference line 3 is selected, a large-end marking tooth is reset in the tooth slot of the large-end tooth slot center line 4, and a small-end marking tooth is reset in the tooth slot of the small-end tooth slot center line 5 corresponding to the nearest reference line 3. d, the double-toothed part is finished with the large-end marking tooth and the small-end marking tooth as the reference.

[0014] ​​​The processing method can be used to process a pair of double gear parts for pairing use: in step c, if the small end tooth groove center line 5 for resetting the mark tooth is in the clockwise direction of the large end tooth groove center line 4, then in step d, one of the pair of double gear parts for pairing use is processed; if the small end tooth groove center line 5 for resetting the mark tooth is in the counterclockwise direction of the large end tooth groove center line 4, then in step d, the other of the pair of double gear parts for pairing use is processed. Specifically, if a double gear part simultaneously exists in both "the small end tooth groove center line 5 for resetting the mark tooth is in the clockwise direction of the large end tooth groove center line 4" and "the small end tooth groove center line 5 for resetting the mark tooth is in the counterclockwise direction of the large end tooth groove center line 4", then the double gear part can be freely selected to be processed into any one of Figure 1 and Figure 2 Such a case is shown in Figure 7 There are ζ and η, satisfying ζ≤β+δ1+δ2, η≤β+δ1+δ2; from the small end to the large end, the small end tooth groove center line 5 corresponding to ζ is in the counterclockwise direction of the large end tooth groove center line 4, and is used to process the double gear shown in Figure 2 After resetting the mark tooth; the small end tooth groove center line 5 corresponding to η is in the clockwise direction of the large end tooth groove center line 4, and is used to process the double gear shown in Figure 1 After resetting the mark tooth. If a double gear part only exists in "the small end tooth groove center line 5 for resetting the mark tooth is in the clockwise direction of the large end tooth groove center line 4" or "the small end tooth groove center line 5 for resetting the mark tooth is in the counterclockwise direction of the large end tooth groove center line 4", then the double gear part can only be processed into one of Figure 1 or Figure 2 However, multiple double gear parts can be processed by the processing method of the double gear, so as to achieve the purpose of processing the double gear for pairing use, for example, part one can be processed into the part of Figure 1 , and part two can be processed into the part of Figure 2 .

[0015] The application adopting the foregoing technical scheme sends the double gear part after heat treatment to metering, if the included angle γ of the center line of the large end marked gear tooth groove 1 and the center line of the small end marked gear tooth groove 2 satisfies α-β-δ1-δ2≤γ≤α+β+δ1+δ2, it is indicated that the final large end and small end gear tooth groove center line angle can be ensured to be qualified by the amount of machining, in this case, the initially set large end marked gear tooth and small end marked gear tooth are followed, and step d is performed; if the rough machining error and heat treatment deformation are large, so that the included angle γ is not in the foregoing range, it is indicated that even if the amount of machining is used, the final large end and small end gear tooth groove center line angle cannot be ensured to be qualified, at this time, step c is performed, as long as the included angle between at least one large end gear tooth groove center line 4 and the most adjacent reference line 3 is not greater than β+δ1+δ2, then the large end marked gear tooth and small end marked gear tooth are reset, and then step d is performed, so that the part can be ensured to be qualified; compared with the prior art, in the double gear machining process, due to the machining error and heat treatment deformation, the marked gear tooth groove center line angle is high, and the unqualified product rate is high, in the double gear machining process of the application, after the part is heat treated and before the finish machining, the marked gear tooth groove center line angle can be reduced by resetting the marked gear tooth, so that the unqualified product rate is reduced.

[0016] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application and is not used to limit the application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the application should be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A method for machining a double gear, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Roughly machine the double-toothed part, leaving a margin on the tooth surface, and select the large-end marking tooth and the small-end marking tooth; then perform heat treatment; b. After heat treatment, the double-tooth part is sent to the metering department to measure the angle γ between the center line (1) of the large end marking tooth groove and the center line (2) of the small end marking tooth groove. Calculate the maximum angle δ1 of the small end tooth groove center line (5) and the maximum angle δ2 of the large end tooth groove center line (4) during finishing. If α-β-δ1-δ2≤γ≤α+β+δ1+δ2, then proceed to step d. If γ<α-β-δ1-δ2 or γ>α+β+δ1+δ2, then proceed to step c. Wherein, α is the design angle between the center line (1) of the large end marking tooth groove and the center line (2) of the small end marking tooth groove, and β is the error compensation angle. c. Draw a distribution diagram of the center line (5) of the small end tooth groove and the center line (4) of the large end tooth groove; draw an extension line (3) on each side of the center line (5) of the small end tooth groove on the distribution diagram, and make an extension line (3) through the center of the circle. The angle between the two reference lines (3) and the corresponding center line (5) of the small end tooth groove is α. Perform angle measurement: if the angle between any center line (4) of the large end tooth groove and the nearest reference line (3) is greater than β+δ1+δ2, then stop processing; if there is at least one center line (4) of the large end tooth groove and the nearest reference line (3) with an angle not greater than β+δ1+δ2, then select one center line (4) of the large end tooth groove, reset the large end marked tooth with its groove, and reset the small end marked tooth with the groove of the center line (5) of the small end tooth groove corresponding to the nearest reference line (3). d. Using the large-end marking teeth and the small-end marking teeth as references, precision machine the double-tooth parts.

2. The method for machining double gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step c, if there exists at least one large end tooth groove center line (4) with the nearest reference line (3) with an angle not greater than β+δ1+δ2, then select the large end tooth groove center line (4) with the smallest angle with the nearest reference line (3), reset the large end marking tooth with its groove, and reset the small end marking tooth with the groove of the small end tooth groove center line (5) corresponding to the nearest reference line (3).

3. The method for machining double gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing method can be used to process a pair of double-tooth parts for use: in step c, if the center line (5) of the small end tooth groove used for resetting the marking tooth is in the clockwise direction of the center line (4) of the large end tooth groove, then in step d, one of the double-tooth parts for use is processed; if the center line (5) of the small end tooth groove used for resetting the marking tooth is in the counterclockwise direction of the center line (4) of the large end tooth groove, then in step d, the other of the double-tooth parts for use is processed.

4. The method for machining double gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step b, the following equation is used for calculation. : ; Where L1 is the tooth surface allowance of the small end tooth in the tangential direction of the pitch circle, D1 is the diameter of the small end pitch circle, L2 is the tooth surface allowance of the large end tooth in the tangential direction of the pitch circle, and D2 is the diameter of the large end pitch circle.

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