Pure natural environment-friendly oracle bone plate and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a pure natural environment-friendly laminate with 50-100% of animal bones and a manufacturing method of the pure natural environment-friendly laminate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning bones and carapace of human edible animals, degreasing the bones (adopting food-grade n-hexane for extraction), optionally adding pure natural tissues such as bamboo fibers, mixing, carrying out hot press molding, and finally, carrying out post-treatment by using natural materials. Related animal resources are utilized, use of industrial chemical reagents is avoided, the manufactured laminate is environmentally friendly and good in strength and toughness, has sound insulation and heat insulation performance, solves the environment and health problems of existing plates, and can be applied to the fields of building decoration, furniture manufacturing and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of material manufacturing, in particular to a kind of pure natural environmental protection layer board with 50%-100% animal bone content and its manufacturing method, which uses human edible animal bone and shell as main raw material, and adds pure natural tissue or bamboo fiber etc. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the current field of plate manufacturing, most plates rely on wood, chemical synthetic materials, etc. Over-reliance on wood can lead to a decrease in forest resources and damage to the ecological balance. Chemical synthetic materials not only have high energy consumption in production and use, but also may release harmful chemicals, posing a threat to the environment and human health. For example, common artificial boards use a large amount of formaldehyde-containing adhesive in the production process, and formaldehyde continues to volatilize during use, endangering indoor air quality. At present, a large amount of wood is used to make layer boards every year, and more than 30% of the wood in the felled forest is used to make layer boards, which has a great impact on the forest and climate. In this case, a new type of layer board that does not use wood, protects the forest, environment and climate, and prevents global warming is imperative.

[0003] Human edible animal bones and shells are rich in minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, as well as organic components such as bone collagen, and have certain strength and toughness. However, there are few applications of these raw materials in plate manufacturing in the prior art. Even if there are related attempts, there are problems such as complex process and addition of too many industrial chemicals, which greatly limits their development in the field of environmentally friendly boards. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a pure natural environmental protection layer board with 50%-100% animal bone content and its manufacturing method. It makes full use of human edible animal bone and shell resources to solve the problems of adverse environmental impact and health hazards of existing boards, and produces a layer board that is both environmentally friendly and has good performance. It reduces people's dependence on wood and makes a contribution to the protection of forests and the prevention of climate change. Human edible animal bones and shells are often discarded as garbage in life, polluting the environment. The present application turns waste into treasure, reduces garbage in life, and develops new resources. TECHNICAL SCHEME

[0005] Technical scheme: Raw material pretreatment: select fresh, disease-free human edible animal bones and shells, such as fish bones, chicken bones, pig bones, cow bones, sheep bones, shrimp shells, crab shells, etc., and wash them with running water to remove surface-attached impurities, blood water and other pollutants.

[0006] • Defatting: For animal bones (shell has low fat content, this step can be omitted), defatting is performed using organic solvent extraction. The rinsed bones are placed in a sealed container, and an appropriate amount of food-grade n-hexane is added (the volume ratio of n-hexane to bone is about 3:1), and after sealing, the bone is shaken and extracted at room temperature for 2-3 hours to allow the fat in the bone to fully dissolve into the n-hexane. Then, the bone and fat-containing n-hexane solution are separated by filtration. The fat-containing n-hexane solution is distilled to recover the n-hexane, and the remaining fat can be collected and processed separately. The defatted bone is rinsed with clean water for 2-3 times to remove residual n-hexane.

[0007] • Sterilization and further defatting: Steam cooking is used to further sterilize and promote the removal of residual fat from the bone (shell is sterilized simultaneously by steam cooking) at 100-120°C for 1-2 hours.

[0008] • Grinding: The cooked raw materials are ground using a grinder to achieve a particle size of 1-5mm, facilitating subsequent processing.

[0009] Preparation of auxiliary materials (optional step): If auxiliary materials are needed to enhance certain properties of the layer plate, pure natural tissues such as plant bast fibers or bamboo fibers can be used. After washing, the bamboo fibers are dried to remove excess water; if other pure natural tissues are used, they need to be cleaned and pretreated according to their properties to ensure that no impurities or harmful ingredients are introduced.

[0010] Mixing (optional step): According to the ratio of animal bones, shell particles 50%-100%, auxiliary materials (bamboo fibers or other pure natural tissues) 0-50% (weight ratio), the two are added to the blender to mix the animal bones, shell particles and auxiliary materials evenly.

[0011] Forming processing: The mixed raw materials (or single animal bone, shell raw materials) are placed in a special mold, and natural adhesives such as starch can be added to assist solidification. Hot pressing is performed at a pressure of 10-20MPa and a temperature of 150-200°C. The hot pressing time is determined by the desired thickness of the layer plate, generally controlled within 10-30 minutes to ensure that the raw materials are fully fused and solidified under high temperature and high pressure to form a layer plate blank with certain shape and strength.

[0012] Post-processing: After hot pressing, the laminate blank is polished to remove surface irregularities and burrs, making the laminate surface smooth. Then waterproofing treatment is performed using natural waterproofing agents such as beeswax, which is heated and evenly applied to the surface of the laminate to form a natural waterproof protective film. If fireproof performance is required, natural fireproof materials such as vermiculite powder can be used by spraying or dipping to improve the fireproof ability of the laminate. Advantages

[0013] High environmental protection: Using edible animal bones and shells as the main raw material reduces the dependence on wood and synthetic chemical materials. The added auxiliary materials are pure natural tissues or bamboo fibers, and no industrial chemical reagents are used during the entire production process (food-grade n-hexane is used for degreasing, which can be recycled and has no harmful residues). The laminate does not release harmful chemicals during use, which is friendly to the environment and human health.

[0014] Efficient use of resources: The high-value utilization of edible animal bones and shells is achieved, reducing the waste of these resources and improving the resource utilization rate.

[0015] Excellent performance: After degreasing, the laminate is less likely to have odor, mold, and other problems due to fat residue. Combined with high-temperature hot pressing technology, the formed laminate has good strength and toughness, which can meet the needs of various application scenarios such as building decoration and furniture manufacturing. It also has certain sound insulation and heat insulation performance, improving the user experience. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Example One (Animal Bone and Shell Content 100%): Raw material preparation: Collect 100 kg of pig bones and shrimp shells (80 kg of pig bones and 20 kg of shrimp shells), and rinse with clean water for 3-5 times to remove surface impurities.

[0017] • Pig bone degreasing: Put the pig bones into a sealed container, add about 240L of food-grade n-hexane, and oscillate for 2.5 hours at room temperature. After filtration and separation, distill the n-hexane, and rinse the pig bones with clean water for 3 times.

[0018] • Steaming: Put the pig bones and shrimp shells together into a high-pressure steaming pot and steam at 110°C for 1.5 hours.

[0019] • Grinding: After cooling, use a grinder to grind them into 2-3mm particles, and add natural adhesives (such as starch) to assist solidification.

[0020] Molding process: Put the mixed particles directly into a mold with the size of 1000mm x 500mm x 10mm, put into a hot press, hot-press at 15MPa pressure, 180℃ temperature for 20 minutes, to make the laminate blank.

[0021] Post-processing: Take out the blank, polish the surface with a sander, and then polish it with a polisher; then evenly apply the heated and melted beeswax to the surface of the laminate for waterproofing treatment; if fireproofing is required, mix vermiculite powder with natural adhesive and spray it on the surface of the laminate to form a fireproof coating.

[0022] Example Two (animal bone, shell content 70%, add 30% bamboo fiber): Raw material preparation: Obtain 70kg of cow bones and crab shells (60kg of cow bones and 10kg of crab shells), wash and then degrease the cow bones. Put the cow bones into a sealed container, add about 180L of food-grade n-hexane, and extract at room temperature for 2 hours. After filtration and separation, distill the n-hexane, and rinse the cow bones with clean water twice. Then cook the cow bones and crab shells at 100℃ for 2 hours, and crush them into 1-2mm particles. Prepare 30kg of dry bamboo fiber.

[0023] Mixing: Pour the cow bone, shell particles and bamboo fiber into a blender, and add natural adhesive (such as starch) to assist solidification. Stir at a speed of 1000 revolutions per minute for 30 minutes.

[0024] Molding process: Put the mixed raw materials into a mold with the size of 800mm x 400mm x 8mm, and hot-press at 18MPa pressure, 170℃ for 15 minutes.

[0025] Post-processing: Polish the molded laminate, then polish it, and then perform waterproofing and fireproofing treatments in sequence. The treatment methods are the same as in Example One.

Claims

1. A method for producing a pure natural and environmentally friendly shelf with 50%-100% animal bone content, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: selecting bones and shells from edible animals, cleaning them, degreasing the bones (using food-grade n-hexane extraction), steaming them at 100-120℃ for 1-2 hours, and pulverizing them to obtain particles with a size of 1-5mm; optionally, 0-50% (by weight) of pretreated bamboo fiber or other pure natural tissues can be mixed with 50%-100% (by weight) of the above-mentioned animal bone and shell particles; placing the mixed raw materials or single animal bone and shell raw materials into a mold, hot-pressing them under a pressure of 10-20MPa and a temperature of 150-200℃, with the hot-pressing time controlled at 10-30 minutes depending on the thickness of the layer; polishing the hot-pressed layer, and post-treatment with beeswax for waterproofing and natural materials such as vermiculite powder for fireproofing.