Fresh-keeping liquid for increasing openness of chrysanthemum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fresh-keeping solutions, in particular to a fresh-keeping solution for increasing the openness of chrysanthemum, which is characterized by comprising the following components by mass concentration: ionized water (25g / L), aspirin (20g / L), silver nitrate (1.5 g / L) and 8-hydroxyquinoline (0.5 g / L). According to the chrysanthemum pretreatment method, flowering branches close to the chrysanthemum before blooming are sheared with disinfected surgical scissors, the length of the chrysanthemum branches is reserved to be 20-25 cm, and the method for increasing the openness of the chrysanthemum comprises the following steps that after picking is conducted, the chrysanthemum branches are cultured for 24 h in a fresh-keeping solution, then 10 branches form a bundle, the chrysanthemum branches are wrapped with paper and then sleeved with a plastic film, and the chrysanthemum branches are preserved for 8 d at the temperature of 5 DEG C; all the mixed preparation raw materials are slightly toxic, reagents are easy to obtain, all preservatives are easy to prepare, after the pretreatment liquid is used, bottle insertion can be conducted without pruning and box opening during bottle insertion, the labor force of customers is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of preservative technology, specifically a preservative to increase the opening rate of chrysanthemums. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of people's material and spiritual living standards, fresh flowers, as a luxury item, are becoming increasingly popular. Unlike other commodities, cut flowers have a short lifespan without any treatment, failing to achieve their ornamental purpose and being unsuitable for storage and transportation. Currently, preservative solutions are commonly used to extend the vase life of cut flowers. This method is simple and effective. While ethylene inhibitors are typically used in the preservation of fresh flowers (such as lilies), chrysanthemums are non-climacteric cut flowers, and some studies suggest that ethylene inhibitors are unsuitable for their preservation. The current market demand for cut chrysanthemums is very high, but their senescence is a significant factor restricting their storage, transportation, and development. Pretreatment solutions, flower-inducing solutions, and vase-keeping solutions improve the quality of cut chrysanthemums by enhancing their endogenous substances. Cold chain logistics and transportation packaging provide favorable external environmental conditions to maintain the quality and / or extend the lifespan of cut chrysanthemums. Research on post-harvest preservation of cut chrysanthemums in the industry is lacking and incomplete. Current research mainly focuses on specific stages, with limited coverage of pre-harvest treatment, post-harvest preservation solutions, and the entire preservation system. Furthermore, many existing preservative solutions for cut chrysanthemums lack practicality and cannot meet the requirements of large-scale production, resulting in ineffective post-harvest preservation, reduced quality, and impacted production. Currently, the market commonly uses pre-treatment solutions to treat chrysanthemums before harvest for post-harvest preservation.

[0003] Currently, commonly used preservative solutions for fresh-cut chrysanthemums consist of the following individually packaged components a)-c): a) Pre-harvest chrysanthemum preservative solution includes the following components at the following concentrations: sucrose 10-20 g / L; citric acid 0.25-0.5 g / L; potassium nitrate 1-2 g / L; ammonium nitrate 0.75-1.5 g / L; magnesium sulfate 0.25-0.5 g / L; calcium chloride 0.25-0.5 g / L; b) Post-harvest chrysanthemum pretreatment solution includes the following components at the following concentrations: sucrose 10-20 g / L; 8-hydroxyquinoline 75-100 mg / L; citric acid 50-100 mg / L; calcium chloride 1-2 g / L; Tween-20 1-2 ml / L; 6-Benzylaminopurine 0.5-1 mg / L; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 0.1-0.2 mg / L; c) Fresh-cut chrysanthemum vase preservation solution includes the following components at the following mass concentrations: sucrose 0-10 g / L, Tween-20 1 ml / L, 8-hydroxyquinoline 0-50 mg / L, citric acid 100 mg / L, calcium chloride 0.5-1 g / L, and the mass concentrations of sucrose and 8-hydroxyquinoline are not simultaneously zero.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects still exist in actual use: Chrysanthemum cut flower pretreatment solution, there are many factors that affect the vase life of cut flowers, and they are quite complex. Different formulas of preservative solution have different preservation effects on different cut flowers. The existing chrysanthemum flowering degree preservation solution has no substantial effect on the flowering degree of chrysanthemum and may even affect the flowering degree of chrysanthemum. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to address the problem that existing chrysanthemum preservative solutions have no substantial effect on increasing the opening rate of chrysanthemums, this application provides a preservative solution that increases the opening rate of chrysanthemums.

[0006] The preservative solution for increasing the openness of chrysanthemums provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A preservative solution for increasing the opening rate of chrysanthemums comprises the following components at the following mass concentrations:

[0008] Ionized water (25 g / L), aspirin (20 g / L), silver nitrate (1.5 g / L), 8-hydroxyquinoline (0.5 g / L),

[0009] The chrysanthemum pretreatment method involves cutting flower branches close to the time of chrysanthemum blooming using sterilized surgical scissors, leaving a 20-25cm length for each flower branch.

[0010] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution, combining components such as ionized water, aspirin, silver nitrate, and 8-hydroxyquinoline, and using appropriate chrysanthemum branch pruning and treatment methods, the opening degree of chrysanthemums can be effectively improved, their flowering period extended, and their vibrant color and ornamental value maintained. Ionized water aids in cleaning and hydration; aspirin, as a plant growth regulator, promotes bud opening; silver nitrate inhibits bacterial growth and reduces rot; and 8-hydroxyquinoline effectively prevents flower drop and wilting. Pre-treatment of chrysanthemum branches, through appropriate pruning and ensuring branch lengths within the 20-25cm range, provides better channels for water and nutrient absorption, thereby ensuring the chrysanthemums maintain a good condition during the opening process and optimizing the opening effect.

[0011] The method to increase the opening rate of chrysanthemums includes the following steps: After picking, first cultivate them in a preservative solution for 24 hours, then bundle them into groups of 10, wrap the chrysanthemum branches with paper, then cover them with plastic film, and store them at 5℃ for 8 days. After taking them out and returning them to room temperature, they can be vase-inserted for preservation.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, chrysanthemums are harvested and cultured in a preservative solution for 24 hours. Then, they are bound, wrapped in paper, covered with plastic film, and stored at a low temperature (5°C) for 8 days. Finally, they are brought back to room temperature for vase preservation. This effectively delays the aging process of chrysanthemums, maintains their bright color and good openness. The active ingredients in the preservative solution help chrysanthemums maintain moisture and nutrient supply during storage, while low-temperature storage slows down the metabolic rate, reduces the risk of bacterial growth and rot, and further extends the ornamental period of chrysanthemums. Through comprehensive control of temperature and humidity, not only is the openness of chrysanthemums improved, but the preservation effect is also optimized, ensuring that chrysanthemums still have the best ornamental value and market value when vaseed later.

[0013] Optionally, the preservative solution for increasing the openness of chrysanthemums consists of the following components at the following mass concentrations:

[0014] Citric acid (0.5 g / L), sucrose (20 g / L), salicylic acid (10 g / L), CaCl2 (0.6 g / L), chitosan (10 g / L), propolis (3 g / L), lysozyme (3 g / L), tea polyphenols (10 g / L);

[0015] The preservation method to increase the openness of chrysanthemums includes the following steps: after picking, 10 chrysanthemums are bundled together and inserted into a preservation solution for preservation treatment.

[0016] By employing the above-mentioned technical solution, chrysanthemums are treated in a preservative solution of a specific concentration. Utilizing natural active ingredients such as citric acid, sucrose, salicylic acid, CaCl2, chitosan, propolis, lysozyme, and tea polyphenols, the opening degree of chrysanthemums is effectively improved, and their flowering period is extended. Citric acid helps regulate the acidity of the preservative solution, optimizing the chrysanthemum's water absorption; sucrose and salicylic acid promote flower growth and opening; CaCl2 enhances the stability of the chrysanthemum cell walls, delaying wilting; chitosan, propolis, and lysozyme possess antibacterial properties, reducing the risk of bacterial infection and rot; and tea polyphenols have antioxidant functions, delaying petal aging and maintaining the freshness and color of the flowers. Inserting chrysanthemums into this preservative solution ensures that the flowers receive sufficient nutritional support during later storage, effectively inhibiting the decay process, enhancing the ornamental value of the chrysanthemums, and is a simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly method.

[0017] Optional, a preservation kit to increase chrysanthemum bloom rate, consisting of the following individually packaged (ac):

[0018] a) Chrysanthemum preservative solution before blooming;

[0019] b) Chrysanthemum preservative solution after blooming;

[0020] c) Freshly cut chrysanthemums are placed in a vase with preservative solution.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, three independently packaged preservation solutions are provided (pre-opening preservation solution for chrysanthemums, post-opening preservation solution for chrysanthemums, and preservation solution for fresh-cut chrysanthemums in vases). These solutions provide targeted nutrients and preservation support at different stages, effectively promoting the opening of chrysanthemums and extending their ornamental period. The pre-opening preservation solution provides necessary moisture and growth regulators to chrysanthemums in the bud stage, promoting their smooth opening. The post-opening preservation solution maintains the color and firmness of the petals by controlling the metabolism and aging process of the flowers. The fresh-cut chrysanthemum vases preservation solution is specifically designed for the cut flower stage, providing long-lasting moisturizing and antibacterial protection, reducing the risk of aging and rotting, and extending the ornamental time of cut flowers.

[0022] Optional methods to increase the blooming rate of chrysanthemums include the following steps:

[0023] 1) Insert the flower stems into the preservative solution to a depth of 10cm, place them in a south-facing laboratory with sufficient diffused light and no direct sunlight, and ensure good ventilation. The room temperature should be controlled between 10 and 20℃. During the vase arrangement process;

[0024] 2) Prune the base of the flower branches every 4 days, cutting off 2-3cm each time, and change the preservative solution once.

[0025] First, add the following components to 450 ml of distilled water at 45°C: deionized water (25 g / L), aspirin (20 g / L), silver nitrate (1.5 g / L), and 8-hydroxyquinoline (0.5 g / L). Stir at 45°C for 3 hours.

[0026] Cool the well-stirred mixture to 30°C, add the bactericide, stir for 1 hour, and add distilled water to make up to 2L to obtain the finished preservation liquid.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solutions, and by controlling the depth, temperature, and light conditions of the flower stems inserted into the preservative solution, as well as regularly pruning and replacing the preservative solution, the aging process of chrysanthemums can be effectively delayed, enhancing their blooming and ornamental value. The preservative solution contains aspirin, silver nitrate, and 8-hydroxyquinoline, which promote bud opening, inhibit bacterial growth, and prevent rot and wilting. The addition of bactericides effectively ensures the cleanliness of the liquid, reduces microbial contamination, and prolongs the vibrant appearance of the flowers. Pruning the flower stems and replacing the preservative solution every four days ensures that the chrysanthemums maintain a good supply of moisture and nutrients during vase arrangement, further enhancing their blooming effect. Through comprehensive preservation treatment, chrysanthemums can maintain optimal ornamental value at multiple stages, while avoiding reduced flowering time due to excessive aging or bacterial infection, thus significantly extending their market value and display time.

[0028] The flower preservative liquid of this invention is easy to use; it can be applied directly or by spraying after dilution.

[0029] The preservative solution was stored in 500mL wide-mouth bottles, 300mL per bottle. The pretreated flower branches were inserted into the wide-mouth bottles containing different preservative solutions, 4 branches per bottle, and each treatment was divided into 4 groups. The temperature inside the chamber was (25±1)℃, the humidity was 50%~70%, and the light intensity was about 1200lx.

[0030] The effects of preservative solution and chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest on the openness and survival time of direct-release bottles are shown in Table 2:

[0031] All five groups of experiments showed a positive correlation between the size of the chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest and the size of the flower diameter after vase insertion. The flower diameter at harvest was 8-10 cm, and the flower diameter after vase insertion was the largest, with an average flower diameter of 14.2 cm.

[0032] The smallest flower diameter is 2-3cm, and the average flower diameter after vase insertion is 10.7cm, but there are certain differences between different preservative solutions.

[0033] Compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all significantly promoted the opening degree of chrysanthemum flowers and the survival time of chrysanthemums.

[0034] The results showed that when the flower diameter of the control group was 2-3 cm, the full opening rate of the chrysanthemum flowers was 3%, while the other four preservative solutions had a rate of 60%. Preservative solution No. 1, consisting of 7g of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 6g of citric acid, 5g of sucrose, and 6g of silver nitrate, was the best, resulting in a chrysanthemum survival time of up to 15 days, which was 10 days longer than the control and 5 days longer than preservative solutions No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4.

[0035] The data from the experiment showed that the chrysanthemums were placed in bottles with the No. 1 preservative solution, and the flower diameter reached its maximum value of 15cm when the flower diameter was 10 days.

[0036] The experimental results showed that, compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all had a certain promoting effect on the vase life of chrysanthemums with different flower diameters, the size of the flower diameter, the length of the inner and outer petals, and the degree of full opening of the flowers.

[0037] The effects of preservative solution and chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest on the openness and survival time of direct-release bottles are shown in Table 2:

[0038] All five groups of experiments showed a positive correlation between the size of the chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest and the size of the flower diameter after vase insertion. The flower diameter at harvest was 10-12 cm, and the flower diameter after vase insertion was the largest, with an average flower diameter of 16.2 cm.

[0039] The smallest flower diameter is 4-6cm, and the average flower diameter after vase insertion is 12.7cm, but there are certain differences between different preservative solutions.

[0040] Compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all significantly promoted the opening degree of chrysanthemum flowers and the survival time of chrysanthemums.

[0041] The results showed that when the flower diameter of the control group was 4-6 cm, the full opening rate of the chrysanthemum flowers was 3%, while the other four preservative solutions achieved 70%. Preservative solution No. 1, consisting of 8g of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 7g of citric acid, 8g of sucrose, and 7g of silver nitrate, was the best, resulting in a chrysanthemum survival time of up to 17 days, which was 12 days longer than the control and 7 days longer than preservative solutions No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4.

[0042] The data from the experiment showed that the chrysanthemums were placed in bottles with the No. 1 preservative solution, and the flower diameter reached its maximum value of 17cm when the flower diameter was 12 days.

[0043] The experimental results showed that, compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all had a certain promoting effect on the vase life of chrysanthemums with different flower diameters, the size of the flower diameter, the length of the inner and outer petals, and the degree of full opening of the flowers.

[0044] The effects of preservative solution and chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest on the openness and survival time of direct-release bottles are shown in Table 2:

[0045] All five groups of experiments showed a positive correlation between the size of the chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest and the size of the flower diameter after vase insertion. The flower diameter at harvest was 12-14 cm, and the flower diameter after vase insertion was the largest, with an average flower diameter of 18.2 cm.

[0046] The smallest flower diameter is 6-8cm, and the average flower diameter after vase insertion is 14.7cm, but there are certain differences between different preservative solutions.

[0047] Compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all significantly promoted the opening degree of chrysanthemum flowers and the survival time of chrysanthemums.

[0048] The results showed that when the flower diameter of the control group was 6-8 cm, the full opening rate of the chrysanthemum flowers was 3%, while the other four preservative solutions achieved 90%. Preservative solution No. 1, consisting of 10 g of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 9 g of citric acid, 10 g of sucrose, and 9 g of silver nitrate, was the best, resulting in a chrysanthemum survival time of up to 19 days, which was 14 days longer than the control and 8 days longer than preservative solutions No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4.

[0049] The data from the experiment showed that the chrysanthemums were placed in bottles with the No. 1 preservative solution, and the flower diameter reached its maximum value of 19cm when the flower diameter was 12 days.

[0050] The experimental results showed that, compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all had a certain promoting effect on the vase life of chrysanthemums with different flower diameters, the size of the flower diameter, the length of the inner and outer petals, and the degree of full opening of the flowers.

[0051] However, chrysanthemums with different flower diameters, the same preservative solution, different preservatives, or the same flower diameter and the same preservative solution, or chrysanthemums with different treatments before being placed in a vase, will exhibit different effects.

[0052] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0053] 1. All raw materials used in the mixed preparation are slightly toxic, reagents are readily available, and each preservative is easy to prepare.

[0054] 2. After using the pretreatment solution, there is no need to prune the branches before vase insertion. They can be vaseed directly after opening the box, reducing customer labor and improving production efficiency.

[0055] 3. Pre-harvest preservatives can delay the yellowing of leaves, and pretreatment solutions can delay the aging of cut chrysanthemum leaves and flower heads, making them suitable for long-term, long-distance low-temperature storage and transportation of cut chrysanthemums.

[0056] 4. Vaseline preservatives can promote the reabsorption of water by cut chrysanthemums, slow down the yellowing of leaves, and prolong the viewing period of cut chrysanthemums. They are suitable for vaseline preservation of cut chrysanthemums. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 A chart showing the average daily flower diameter of cut flowers in different vase solutions according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a chart showing the chrysanthemum flower diameter and survival time according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 Table 3 shows the variance of the preservation effect of different components in the preservation solution of this invention.

[0060] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0062] This application discloses a preservative solution to increase the opening rate of chrysanthemums. (See also...) Figures 1-4 A preservative solution for increasing the opening rate of chrysanthemums, composed of the following components at the following mass concentrations:

[0063] Ionized water (25 g / L), aspirin (20 g / L), silver nitrate (1.5 g / L), 8-hydroxyquinoline (0.5 g / L)

[0064] The chrysanthemum pretreatment method involves cutting flower branches close to the time of chrysanthemum blooming using sterilized surgical scissors, leaving a 20-25cm length for each flower branch.

[0065] The method to increase the opening rate of chrysanthemums includes the following steps: After picking, first cultivate them in a preservative solution for 24 hours, then bundle them into groups of 10, wrap the chrysanthemum branches with paper, then cover them with plastic film, and store them at 5℃ for 8 days. After taking them out and returning them to room temperature, they can be vase-inserted for preservation.

[0066] The preservative solution for increasing the opening rate of chrysanthemums consists of the following components at the following mass concentrations:

[0067] Citric acid (0.5 g / L), sucrose (20 g / L), salicylic acid (10 g / L), CaCl2 (0.6 g / L), chitosan (10 g / L), propolis (3 g / L), lysozyme (3 g / L), tea polyphenols (10 g / L);

[0068] The preservation method to increase the openness of chrysanthemums includes the following steps: after picking, 10 chrysanthemums are bundled together and inserted into a preservation solution for preservation treatment.

[0069] This preservation kit, designed to increase the blooming rate of chrysanthemums, consists of the following individually packaged components (ac):

[0070] a) Chrysanthemum preservative solution before blooming;

[0071] b) Chrysanthemum preservative solution after blooming;

[0072] c) Freshly cut chrysanthemums are placed in a vase with preservative solution.

[0073] To increase the blooming rate of chrysanthemums, the following steps are included:

[0074] 1) Insert the flower stems into the preservative solution to a depth of 10cm, place them in a south-facing laboratory with sufficient diffused light and no direct sunlight, and ensure good ventilation. The room temperature should be controlled between 10 and 20℃. During the vase arrangement process;

[0075] 2) Prune the base of the flower branches every 4 days, cutting off 2-3cm each time, and change the preservative solution once.

[0076] First, add the following components to 450 ml of distilled water at 45°C: deionized water (25 g / L), aspirin (20 g / L), silver nitrate (1.5 g / L), and 8-hydroxyquinoline (0.5 g / L). Stir at 45°C for 3 hours.

[0077] Cool the well-stirred mixture to 30°C, add the bactericide, stir for 1 hour, and add distilled water to make up to 2L to obtain the finished preservation liquid.

[0078] The flower preservative liquid of this invention is easy to use; it can be applied directly or by spraying after dilution.

[0079] The preservative solution was stored in 500mL wide-mouth bottles, 300mL per bottle. The pretreated flower branches were inserted into the wide-mouth bottles containing different preservative solutions, 4 branches per bottle, and each treatment was divided into 4 groups. The temperature inside the chamber was (25±1)℃, the humidity was 50%~70%, and the light intensity was about 1200lx.

[0080] Experiment 1

[0081] Among the five nutrient solutions (A, B, C, D, and CK), the average flower diameter was largest for the three types of cut flowers treated with solution C, with the maximum open diameter of chrysanthemums reaching 58.3 mm. The effects of solutions A, B, and D on the open diameter of cut flowers were not as good as the control. The observation of flower diameter of cut flowers treated with solutions A, B, and D was stopped from the 8th and 9th days.

[0082] Experiment 2

[0083] The effects of preservative solution and chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest on the openness and survival time of direct-release bottles are shown in Table 2:

[0084] All five groups of experiments showed a positive correlation between the size of the chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest and the size of the flower diameter after vase insertion. The flower diameter at harvest was 8-10 cm, and the flower diameter after vase insertion was the largest, with an average flower diameter of 14.2 cm.

[0085] The smallest flower diameter is 2-3cm, and the average flower diameter after vase insertion is 10.7cm, but there are certain differences between different preservative solutions.

[0086] Compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all significantly promoted the opening degree of chrysanthemum flowers and the survival time of chrysanthemums.

[0087] The results showed that when the flower diameter of the control group was 2-3 cm, the full opening rate of the chrysanthemum flowers was 3%, while the other four preservative solutions had a rate of 60%. Preservative solution No. 1, consisting of 7g of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 6g of citric acid, 5g of sucrose, and 6g of silver nitrate, was the best, resulting in a chrysanthemum survival time of up to 15 days, which was 10 days longer than the control and 5 days longer than preservative solutions No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4.

[0088] The data from the experiment showed that the chrysanthemums were placed in bottles with the No. 1 preservative solution, and the flower diameter reached its maximum value of 15cm when the flower diameter was 10 days.

[0089] The experimental results showed that, compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all had a certain promoting effect on the vase life of chrysanthemums with different flower diameters, the size of the flower diameter, the length of the inner and outer petals, and the degree of full opening of the flowers.

[0090] Experiment 3

[0091] The effects of preservative solution and chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest on the openness and survival time of direct-release bottles are shown in Table 2:

[0092] All five groups of experiments showed a positive correlation between the size of the chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest and the size of the flower diameter after vase insertion. The flower diameter at harvest was 10-12 cm, and the flower diameter after vase insertion was the largest, with an average flower diameter of 16.2 cm.

[0093] The smallest flower diameter is 4-6cm, and the average flower diameter after vase insertion is 12.7cm, but there are certain differences between different preservative solutions.

[0094] Compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all significantly promoted the opening degree of chrysanthemum flowers and the survival time of chrysanthemums.

[0095] The results showed that when the flower diameter of the control group was 4-6 cm, the full opening rate of the chrysanthemum flowers was 3%, while the other four preservative solutions achieved 70%. Preservative solution No. 1, consisting of 8g of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 7g of citric acid, 8g of sucrose, and 7g of silver nitrate, was the best, resulting in a chrysanthemum survival time of up to 17 days, which was 12 days longer than the control and 7 days longer than preservative solutions No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4.

[0096] The data from the experiment showed that the chrysanthemums were placed in bottles with the No. 1 preservative solution, and the flower diameter reached its maximum value of 17cm when the flower diameter was 12 days.

[0097] The experimental results showed that, compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all had a certain promoting effect on the vase life of chrysanthemums with different flower diameters, the size of the flower diameter, the length of the inner and outer petals, and the degree of full opening of the flowers.

[0098] Experiment 4

[0099] The effects of preservative solution and chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest on the openness and survival time of direct-release bottles are shown in Table 2:

[0100] All five groups of experiments showed a positive correlation between the size of the chrysanthemum flower diameter at harvest and the size of the flower diameter after vase insertion. The flower diameter at harvest was 12-14 cm, and the flower diameter after vase insertion was the largest, with an average flower diameter of 18.2 cm.

[0101] The smallest flower diameter is 6-8cm, and the average flower diameter after vase insertion is 14.7cm, but there are certain differences between different preservative solutions.

[0102] Compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all significantly promoted the opening degree of chrysanthemum flowers and the survival time of chrysanthemums.

[0103] The results showed that when the flower diameter of the control group was 6-8 cm, the full opening rate of the chrysanthemum flowers was 3%, while the other four preservative solutions achieved 90%. Preservative solution No. 1, consisting of 10 g of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 9 g of citric acid, 10 g of sucrose, and 9 g of silver nitrate, was the best, resulting in a chrysanthemum survival time of up to 19 days, which was 14 days longer than the control and 8 days longer than preservative solutions No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4.

[0104] The data from the experiment showed that the chrysanthemums were placed in bottles with the No. 1 preservative solution, and the flower diameter reached its maximum value of 19cm when the flower diameter was 12 days.

[0105] The experimental results showed that, compared with the control, the four preservative solutions all had a certain promoting effect on the vase life of chrysanthemums with different flower diameters, the size of the flower diameter, the length of the inner and outer petals, and the degree of full opening of the flowers.

[0106] However, chrysanthemums with different flower diameters, the same preservative solution, different preservatives, or the same flower diameter and the same preservative solution, or chrysanthemums with different treatments before being placed in a vase, will exhibit different effects.

[0107] Experiment 5

[0108] The following preservatives suitable for increasing the flowering rate of chrysanthemums were screened out: 5g sucrose, 150mg 8-hydroxyquinoline, 0.6mg propyl gallate 50mmol, salicylic acid, chitosan (10g / L), propolis (3g / L), lysozyme (3g / L), and tea polyphenols (10g / L).

[0109] The effects of sucrose, citric acid, aluminum sulfate, and 8-hydroxyquinoline on the flowering degree of chrysanthemums were investigated, and the optimal concentrations of 700 mg sucrose, 250 mg citric acid, 500 mg aluminum sulfate, and 20 mg 8-hydroxyquinoline were found to be the best for preservation.

[0110] While the effect of 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate was not significant in this study, it showed a certain correlation trend. Further adjustments to the concentration may help identify preservative solutions that affect chrysanthemum preservation, increase the flowering diameter of chrysanthemums, and extend their lifespan.

[0111] Experiment Six

[0112] (1) Formula 1 is free of citric acid (0.5g / L), sucrose (20g / L), salicylic acid (10g / L), and CaCl2 (0.6g / L), and is otherwise different from the formula in Example 1.

[0113] (2) Formula 2 does not contain citric acid, but the formula contains 0.02g of CaCl2 and 0.02g of zinc sulfate. Otherwise, it is the same as the formula in Example 1.

[0114] (3) Formula 3 does not contain citric acid, but 0.02g of CaCl2 is added to the formula. Otherwise, it is the same as the formula in Example 1.

[0115] (4) Formula 4 does not contain citric acid, but 0.02g of CaCl2 is added to the formula. Otherwise, it is the same as the formula in Example 1.

[0116] (5) Formula 5 is free of citric acid, but it contains 0.03g of CaCl2 and 0.03g of 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate. Otherwise, it is the same as the formula in Example 2.

[0117] Chrysanthemums sprayed with water typically wither in 12 days; however, chrysanthemums sprayed with the solution of Example 1 of this invention have flower heads that are more than doubled in size and can be viewed for up to 30 days, both showing excellent preservation effects.

[0118] The application of CaCl2 alone, along with citric acid and salicylic acid, could not significantly prolong the flowering period, failing to achieve the effect of Example 1. The application of salicylic acid was more effective than the combination of glucose and trace elements, and the flowering period was significantly extended by 6-12 days with trace amounts of CaCl2.

[0119] The implementation principle of a preservative solution for increasing chrysanthemum bloom rate in this application embodiment is as follows: By preparing a preservative solution containing multiple effective ingredients and employing different stages of treatment, the bloom rate of chrysanthemums is significantly improved and their survival time is extended. Specifically, components in the preservative solution, such as aspirin, silver nitrate, and 8-hydroxyquinoline, can effectively regulate the metabolic process of chrysanthemums, promote the smooth opening of flower buds, and inhibit the growth of bacteria and mold, reducing the risk of rot and wilting. Citric acid, sucrose, propolis, chitosan, and other components provide suitable nutrition and protection, delaying chrysanthemum aging and maintaining the firmness and color of its petals. In addition, temperature control, regular pruning, and replacement of the preservative solution effectively maintain the water balance and nutrient supply of the chrysanthemums. Through this comprehensive preservation treatment, chrysanthemums can maintain the best ornamental effect during vase arrangement and significantly extend their flowering period, extending their survival time and bloom rate compared to the control group, achieving an ideal preservation effect.

[0120] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A preservative solution for increasing the opening rate of chrysanthemums, characterized in that: It consists of components with the following mass concentrations: Ionized water (25 g / L), aspirin (20 g / L), silver nitrate (1.5 g / L), 8-hydroxyquinoline (0.5 g / L); The chrysanthemum pretreatment method involves cutting flower branches close to the time of chrysanthemum blooming using sterilized surgical scissors, leaving a 20-25cm length for each flower branch.

2. The preservative solution for increasing the opening degree of chrysanthemums according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method to increase the opening rate of chrysanthemums includes the following steps: After picking, first cultivate them in a preservative solution for 24 hours, then bundle them into groups of 10, wrap the chrysanthemum branches with paper, then cover them with plastic film, and store them at 5℃ for 8 days. After taking them out and returning them to room temperature, they can be vase-inserted for preservation.

3. The preservative solution for increasing the opening degree of chrysanthemums according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preservative solution for increasing the openness of chrysanthemums consists of the following components at the following mass concentrations: Citric acid (0.5 g / L), sucrose (20 g / L), salicylic acid (10 g / L), CaCl2 (0.6 g / L), chitosan (10 g / L), propolis (3 g / L), lysozyme (3 g / L), tea polyphenols (10 g / L).

4. The preservative solution for increasing the opening degree of chrysanthemums according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preservation method to increase the openness of chrysanthemums includes the following steps: after picking, 10 chrysanthemums are bundled together and inserted into a preservation solution for preservation treatment.

5. The preservative solution for increasing the opening degree of chrysanthemums according to claim 1, characterized in that: A preservation kit for increasing the blooming rate of chrysanthemums, characterized in that it consists of the following individually packaged components (ac): a) Chrysanthemum preservative solution before blooming; b) Chrysanthemum preservative solution after blooming; c) Freshly cut chrysanthemums are placed in a vase with preservative solution.

6. The preservative solution for increasing the opening degree of chrysanthemums according to claim 1, characterized in that: To increase the blooming rate of chrysanthemums, the following steps are included: 1) Insert the flower stems into the preservative solution to a depth of 10cm. Place them in a south-facing laboratory with sufficient diffused light and no direct sunlight, and in a well-ventilated area. The room temperature should be controlled between 10 and 20℃.

7. The preservative solution for increasing the opening degree of chrysanthemums according to claim 1, characterized in that: 2) Prune the base of the flower branches every 4 days, cutting off 2-3cm each time, and change the preservative solution once.

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