Bionic floating type hydro-fluctuation belt phytoremediation system capable of adaptively adjusting water level

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic floating type hydro-fluctuation belt phytoremediation system capable of adaptively adjusting the water level, and relates to the field of ecological remediation and biomimetic material application. A modular floating unit comprises a bionic buoyancy base, and a closed cavity communicated with an external water body is formed in the bionic buoyancy base; the closed chamber is a drainage bag and air bag composite system for adjusting buoyancy to maintain the ecological planting layer at a proper ecological water level; an ecological planting layer and a connecting and anchoring unit; the problem that a traditional fixed restoration structure in water level periodic fluctuation areas such as a reservoir area, a river channel and a lake is difficult to maintain ecological stability is solved, and through the synergistic effect of the bionic buoyancy base and the flexible anchor, the system can automatically, stably and vertically ascend and descend along with water level fluctuation; the problems that a traditional fixed project is not suitable for a violent hydrological change area and an existing floating island is not suitable for the violent hydrological change area are fundamentally solved, and a continuous and stable growth platform is provided for plants in the extreme dry-wet alternation environment of the hydro-fluctuation belt.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ecological restoration and application of biomimetic materials, in particular to a biomimetic floating drawdown zone plant restoration system capable of self-adaptive water level adjustment, which can be widely applied to drawdown zone ecological restoration engineering of reservoirs, wetlands, lakes and rivers. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of social economy and the deepening of ecological civilization construction, the state has increasingly paid attention to the protection and restoration of wetland ecosystems. Wetland restoration technology is evolving towards diversification, systematization and precision, with a strong emphasis on the deep integration of engineering measures and ecological principles.

[0003] Among the many types of wetlands, the drawdown zone of reservoir pond type wetlands is a technical difficulty area in wetland ecological restoration due to its special hydrological rhythm and complex topography. The drawdown zone is affected by reservoir regulation and storage operation, presenting an ecological stress pattern of long-term periodic water level fluctuation and drought alternation. Frequent hydrological fluctuations not only cause plant root suffocation, seedling regeneration difficulties, and community succession obstruction, but also cause soil physical and chemical properties to fluctuate dramatically, serious nutrient leaching, and significant increase in habitat heterogeneity, thus limiting plant diversity reconstruction and ecological system stability improvement. Therefore, creating an ecological space with multiple species coexistence, stable structure and complete function in the drawdown zone of reservoir pond wetlands has become a scientific and engineering problem that needs to be broken through in current wetland restoration technology.

[0004] Currently, the ecological restoration methods of drawdown zone of reservoir pond type wetlands mostly rely on topographic modification and single vegetation restoration strategies, such as building terraces, dams or beaches in gentle slope areas, and restoring vegetation structure by artificial planting of emergent plants, aquatic herbs, etc. This method has certain effect in flat terrain, but in areas with large slope, frequent water depth changes and strong water submersion stress, it often has problems such as difficulty in planting vegetation, slow community regeneration and unstable ecological benefits. Long-term exposure or submersion of plant roots causes accumulation of plant physiological stress, and the regulation function of the ecological system is difficult to sustain, resulting in high restoration cost and limited effect.

[0005] Some previous patent technologies also attempt to carry out ecological restoration on the river into the reservoir or the gentle slope of the reservoir area. For example, the ecological restoration and water quality purification efficiency improvement method of the river into the reservoir drawdown zone of the patent with the application number CN201910665975.9 realizes the bank stability and water quality improvement by improving the growth conditions of the shallow beach plants through the slope reconstruction and the construction of the submerged weir. However, the technology depends on the relatively gentle terrain and the artificial reconstruction conditions, and has poor adaptability to the high and steep bank slope and the variable amplitude water level area. The patent technology with the application number CN201410467949.2 discloses a large-scale water conservancy project wide gentle slope type drawdown zone ecological restoration and soil and water conservation method, and proposes a comprehensive measure combining ecological zone planting and slope protection for the wide gentle terrain of the large-scale reservoir, but its application range is also limited to the areas with gentle terrain and long submerging cycle.

[0006] In addition, some studies propose technical means such as “fixed floating island” or “artificial wetland substrate”, which realize a certain degree of vegetation restoration and water purification through floating structures. However, most of the existing floating island systems have fixed buoyancy, single structure and one-way ecological function, and are difficult to automatically adjust with the water level; and most of them use plastic, polyethylene foam and other materials, which have the problems of secondary pollution and insufficient durability. The ecological adaptability and long-term stability are limited in the complex reservoir environment.

[0007] Therefore, in the face of the steep slope shoreline, the severe water level change and the complex environmental stress in the drawdown zone of the reservoir pond type wetland, it is urgent to develop a floating ecological restoration system which can dynamically rise and fall with the water level, has light weight and degradability, and has dual functions of ecological restoration and water purification. The system should break through the limitation of traditional ground fixed vegetation planting, provide sustained and stable growth substrate and water supply for plants under different water levels, promote the multi-layer symbiosis of emergent plants, floating plants and submerged plants, and thus build an ecological community with self-regulating ability. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application aims to solve the technical problems that the traditional fixed restoration structure in the water level periodically fluctuating area such as reservoir area, river channel and lake area cannot provide a sustained and stable growth environment for the ecological restoration plants, resulting in poor restoration effect and unsustainable system function, and provides a bionic floating drawdown zone plant restoration system which can self-adaptively adjust the water level.

[0009] The core idea of the present application is to simulate the hollow stem buoyancy adjustment mechanism of emergent plants by using bionic buoyancy and adjustable drainage structure, and to actively adjust the buoyancy of the floating body through the built-in drainage bag and air bag composite system under different water levels, so that the ecological planting layer always maintains a suitable wet environment.

[0010] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme: The application provides a self-adaptive water level adjusting bionic floating type drawdown zone plant restoration system, which comprises at least one modular floating unit, the modular floating unit comprises: A bionic buoyancy base is internally provided with a sealed chamber in communication with an external water body, the sealed chamber is a drainage bag and air bag composite system for adjusting buoyancy so that the buoyancy of the bionic buoyancy base is self-adaptive to water level changes; An ecological planting layer is arranged on the bionic buoyancy base and used for bearing restoration plants and substrates; A connecting and anchoring unit is used for connecting the modular floating units and anchoring to the bottom of the water body, and a flexible connecting mechanism allowing the modular floating units to vertically and freely rise and fall with the water level is arranged at the connecting point of the bionic buoyancy base.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, the bionic buoyancy base is composed of a hollow floating box, a honeycomb floating cylinder or a natural floating body material, and the outer surface is covered with a protective layer composed of natural hemp cloth and coconut fiber mesh.

[0012] The bionic buoyancy base adopts an environmentally friendly degradable material, such as a bamboo material, a hemp fiber, a coconut fiber mesh and a recycled plastic composite structure, which not only has sufficient strength and durability, but also has good ecological compatibility.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the bottom of the bionic buoyancy base is provided with a bionic support rib structure.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, the flexible connecting mechanism comprises a main anchoring rope, a flexible slip ring device and a traction rope. The upper end of the main anchoring rope is connected to a fixed anchor point on the bank slope or bank, and the lower end is connected to a counterweight arranged on the water bottom, and the middle section is defined as a sliding area. The flexible slip ring device is slidably sleeved on the sliding area of the main anchoring rope. One end of the traction rope is connected to the flexible slip ring device, and the other end is connected to the bionic buoyancy base.

[0015] The scheme is based on the anchoring principle of fixed constraint body and movable connecting piece, which is a clever combination of engineering mechanics and ecological demand. It allows the restoration unit to completely release the degree of freedom in the vertical direction to follow the water level, and realizes stable constraint in the horizontal direction through flexible energy consumption (friction, deformation). This principle design completely avoids the problems of stress concentration, structure fatigue and lifting jam caused by rigid connection, and realizes the unity of durability and adaptability.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the traction rope is a degradable hemp rope, a recycled fiber rope or a nylon rope; and the counterweight is a natural pebble or a block stone.

[0017] In one specific embodiment, the ecological planting layer includes a biological substrate layer and a plant layer; wherein the biological substrate layer is composed of at least two of the following: volcanic rock, coconut coir, rice husk charcoal, humus, and expanded ceramsite; the plant layer is disposed on the substrate layer, and the plants are selected from at least one of the following: plants tolerant of alternating wet and dry conditions, emergent plants, submerged plants, and floating plants.

[0018] In this scheme, the ecological planting layer utilizes a multi-layered substrate design (including volcanic rock, rice husk charcoal, coconut coir, and expanded clay pebbles) to create a breathable, permeable, and microbial-rich ecological microenvironment. The plant configuration employs a combination of emergent, wetland, and floating plants, whose roots can penetrate the substrate layer and hang down into the water, enabling the absorption and purification of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus.

[0019] In one specific embodiment, the biological matrix layer is also mixed with zeolite, shell powder or biochar particles.

[0020] In one specific embodiment, the drainage bladder and air bladder composite system is connected to the external water body through a flexible valve. The flexible valve is a float valve or a pressure-sensitive reversible valve, which is used to automatically control the unidirectional inflow or outflow of water when the water level changes, so as to achieve bidirectional reversible adjustment of buoyancy. The drainage bladder-air bladder composite system is composed of multiple parallel independent chambers, and adjacent chambers are connected through throttling micropores.

[0021] This design employs a multi-chambered, parallel, and interconnected drainage bladder system, coupled with automatic control methods such as float valves or pressure-sensing valves, to simulate the fault-tolerant and adaptive mechanisms of a living organism. This design not only achieves bidirectional, smooth buoyancy adjustment but also significantly enhances the system's reliability and resilience during long-term operation through structural redundancy, surpassing the single function of traditional simple float boxes or fixed buoyancy materials.

[0022] In one specific embodiment, multiple modular floating units are detachably connected to the anchoring unit via the connection, and combined to form a strip-shaped, island-shaped, or grid-shaped floating repair platform.

[0023] In one specific implementation, it also includes a water level monitoring and control system; The water level monitoring and control system includes a water level sensor mounted on the biomimetic buoyancy base and a control unit connected to it via a signal. The control unit controls the opening or closing of the flexible valve based on the water level signal monitored by the water level sensor, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the water inlet and outlet of the drainage bladder and air bladder composite system.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. Through the synergistic effect of the biomimetic buoyancy base and flexible anchoring, the system can automatically and smoothly rise and fall vertically with the rise and fall of water level, fundamentally overcoming the problems of traditional fixed engineering being "unsuitable" in areas with drastic hydrological changes and existing floating islands being "unsuitable", providing a continuous and stable growth platform for plants in the extreme dry and wet alternation environment of the drawdown zone.

[0025] 2. The biomimetic floating ecological restoration structure proposed in this invention not only effectively addresses the problem of vegetation restoration under water level fluctuations, but also achieves comprehensive functions of water purification, ecological stability, and landscape synergy at the system level. It can significantly improve the restoration efficiency of drawdown zones and riparian ecosystems, achieving the synergistic goals of long-term plant survival, water purification, and ecological landscape construction, and has significant ecological, environmental, and engineering application value. It has important theoretical and practical significance for the ecological restoration of complex drawdown zones such as reservoir-type wetlands, mountain reservoirs, and river inflow areas. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the biomimetic floating repair system for adaptive water level adjustment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the biomimetic buoyancy base structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ecological planting layer structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and anchoring unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the biomimetic floating ecological restoration structure of the present invention in on-site deployment. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] This is a schematic diagram illustrating the floating adaptation state of the structure under different water level conditions. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0029] Example 1, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a biomimetic floating vegetation restoration system for drawdown zones with adaptive water level regulation, including at least one modular floating unit. The modular floating unit includes a biomimetic buoyancy base and an ecological planting layer. The system has a modular structure as a whole and can be deployed individually or in combination. It is suitable for areas with periodic water level fluctuations, such as reservoirs, lakes and river-type drawdown zones.

[0030] It also includes a connection and anchoring unit for connecting each modular floating unit and anchoring it to the bottom of the water body. The connection point between the unit and the biomimetic buoyancy base is provided with a flexible connection mechanism that allows the modular floating unit to rise and fall freely vertically with the water level.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the biomimetic buoyancy base (as a float) is the core component of this system for bearing and buoyancy adjustment. It is composed of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) hollow float boxes, recycled polypropylene (PP) honeycomb floats, or natural bamboo floats.

[0032] To enhance ecological adaptability and lifespan, the outer surface of the float is covered with a layer of natural burlap and a layer of coconut fiber mesh. This composite coating not only strengthens the adhesion between the substrate and the ecological matrix layer but also effectively prevents UV aging and microplastic leaching. The float's interior features an independent chamber-type adjustable drainage bladder and air bladder composite system. The chambers are connected to the water body via flexible valves. When the water level rises, it draws in water to increase buoyancy; when it falls, it drains water to reduce buoyancy, thus achieving adaptive adjustment of the float's height and the humidity of the ecological planting layer.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the ecological planting layer is set on the biomimetic buoyancy base to support the restoration plants and substrate; specifically, the ecological planting layer includes a biological substrate layer and a plant layer.

[0034] The ecological substrate layer, with a thickness of 15–30 cm, is used to anchor plant roots and establish microbial communities. The substrate is a mixture of natural volcanic rock, coconut coir, rice husk charcoal, humus, and lightweight expanded clay granules in specific proportions, providing both good permeability and support and nutrients for plant roots. To enhance water purification, zeolite, shell powder, or biochar particles can be incorporated into the biological substrate layer to improve adsorption and slow-release functions. A permeable hemp fiber mat is placed at the bottom of the substrate layer to prevent substrate loss and enhance root stability.

[0035] The vegetation layer is the core of the system's ecological function. It is configured based on regional climate, water level fluctuations, and the specific location's varying flooding depths, durations, and niche requirements of aquatic plants. A comprehensive selection is made of plants tolerant of alternating wet and dry conditions, such as *Polygonum amphibium* and *Carex gibba*; emergent plants, such as *Scirpus validus* and *Juncus effusus*; and submerged or floating plants, such as *Ceratophyllum demersum* and *Vallisneria natans*.

[0036] The plant roots can penetrate the substrate layer, with some roots hanging down into the water, forming a stable water-air-root interwoven structure. This promotes the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water and provides shelter and habitat for fish and shrimp. All plants are native or adapted species, avoiding the risks of introducing alien species.

[0037] Furthermore, the combined drainage bladder and air bladder system is connected to the external water body via flexible valves. These flexible valves employ either float valves or pressure-sensitive reversible valves, and bypass microchannels are incorporated into each drainage chamber to ensure long-term balance. The float valves automatically reset when the liquid level reverses, thus achieving bidirectional reversible operation of the drainage bladder and air bladder. The drainage bladder consists of several small parallel chambers connected by throttling micropores to enhance system redundancy. The bottom of the biomimetic buoyancy base features a biomimetic support rib structure inspired by the hollow support tissue of emergent plant stems, enhancing structural stability while maintaining lightweight construction.

[0038] The biomimetic buoyancy base is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, recyclable, non-toxic, and bio-friendly, meeting the requirements of wetland ecological restoration for the ecological and sustainable properties of materials.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a connection and anchoring unit for connecting each of the modular floating units and anchoring them to the bottom of the water body. The connection point between the unit and the biomimetic buoyancy base is provided with a flexible connection mechanism that allows the modular floating unit to rise and fall freely vertically with the water level.

[0040] The flexible connection mechanism includes a main anchoring rope, a flexible slip ring device, and a traction rope. The upper end of the main anchoring rope is connected to a fixed anchor point on the bank or slope, which remains in place regardless of water level changes, providing a stable reference position for the floating body. The lower end of the main anchoring rope is connected to a counterweight of natural pebbles or boulders via a connecting buckle. A slip zone is provided in the middle section of the main anchoring rope, covered with a low-friction, wear-resistant sheath. Limiting buckles or stop knots are provided at both ends to limit the slip range of the slip ring.

[0041] The flexible slip ring device is fitted within the slip zone of the main rope. Its ring body is made of wear-resistant metal or high-strength composite material. A certain gap is maintained between the slip ring and the sheath to ensure that the slip ring can slide freely up and down between the upper limit and lower limit components.

[0042] It is connected to the bottom of the float by a short traction rope, which is used to transmit the vertical movement and horizontal force of the float.

[0043] During operation, when the water level rises, the float rises, pulling the slip ring upwards via the traction rope, causing the slip ring to slide upwards along the main rope. When the water level falls, the float sinks, the tension in the traction rope decreases, and the slip ring slides downwards along the main rope under its own weight and the tension of the main rope. Because there is no rigid constraint between the slip ring and the main rope, the float can maintain a completely free state in the vertical direction, unaffected by the anchor rope, thus achieving adaptive raising and lowering in response to periodic changes in water level.

[0044] When subjected to horizontal disturbances such as waves and currents, the horizontal displacement of the float is transmitted to the slip ring via the traction rope. The friction between the slip ring and the main rope, along with the flexible deformation of the main rope, absorbs and disperses the horizontal impact force, forming a flexible restraining effect that prevents the float from leaving the anchorage range or from experiencing excessive horizontal swaying. This structure avoids stress concentration caused by rigid anchoring, significantly reduces rope wear and structural fatigue, and improves the long-term operational stability of the system.

[0045] Through the above structural arrangement, the floating module of the present invention can freely rise and fall in the vertical direction and maintain flexible and stable positioning in the horizontal direction, adapting to complex environmental conditions such as reservoirs, waterways, and rivers with periodic water level fluctuations and hydrodynamic disturbances, and has excellent safety, durability and ecological compatibility.

[0046] Finally, the connection and anchoring units employ detachable stainless steel connectors and flexible rope structures, allowing multiple modular floating units to be freely combined into strip, island, or grid shapes. The anchoring system utilizes natural stones and hemp rope slip rings to maintain the floating body's position as the water level rises and falls, providing both stability and flexibility. The overall device can adjust the anchoring angle and length according to different bank slope gradients and hydrodynamic conditions, adapting to various aquatic environments.

[0047] Overall operation and ecological effects: It also includes a water level monitoring and control system; the water level monitoring and control system includes a water level sensor installed on the bionic buoyancy base, and a control unit connected to it by signal; the control unit controls the opening or closing of the flexible valve according to the water level signal monitored by the water level sensor, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the water inlet and outlet of the drainage bladder and air bladder composite system.

[0048] During operation, the drainage bladder-air bladder composite system can monitor water level and automatically adjust it through sensors; the ecological layer plants can be pruned and replanted regularly; the modular structure can be unlocked and separated in extreme climate or drastic water level changes, and transferred to a safe area.

[0049] During periods of high water levels, the system floats as the water level rises, keeping plant leaves above the water surface; during periods of low water levels, it automatically sinks, keeping the root system moist. This adaptive floating structure simulates the water gradient environment of natural wetlands, promoting the absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by plants and stabilizing sediments.

[0050] The system uses mostly biodegradable, recyclable, or naturally sourced materials, such as hemp rope, coconut fiber, bamboo, and biochar, ensuring no secondary pollution to the ecosystem during long-term operation. The overall structure is easy to construct, maintain, and expand, making it suitable for ecological restoration projects in typical drawdown zones such as reservoir bays, tributary mouths, and slow-flowing zones.

[0051] Existing technologies (such as fixed floating islands and terrain modification) are either buoyancy-fixed or limited by terrain, failing to resolve the contradiction between "stable planting" and "dynamic water level." This invention, through a systematic combination of a buoyancy adaptive adjustment mechanism and a flexible anchoring principle with vertical freedom and horizontal limitation, creatively enables the restoration platform to rise and fall freely with the water level, like floating plant communities in natural wetlands, while maintaining overall stability under wind and waves. This fundamentally solves the engineering challenges of ecological restoration in complex hydrological environments such as reservoir drawdown zones.

[0052] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomimetic floating phytoremediation system for drawdown zones with adaptively adjustable water levels, characterized in that, Includes at least one modular floating unit, the modular floating unit comprising: A biomimetic buoyancy base has a sealed chamber inside that is connected to an external water body. The sealed chamber is a combined system of a drainage bladder and an air bladder for adjusting buoyancy so that the buoyancy of the biomimetic buoyancy base can adapt to changes in water level. An ecological planting layer, set on the biomimetic buoyancy base, is used to support the restoration plants and substrate; The connection and anchoring unit is used to connect each of the modular floating units and anchor them to the bottom of the water body. The connection point between the unit and the biomimetic buoyancy base is provided with a flexible connection mechanism that allows the modular floating unit to rise and fall freely vertically with the water level.

2. The biomimetic floating drawdown zone vegetation restoration system with adaptively adjustable water level as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The biomimetic buoyancy base is made of hollow floating boxes, honeycomb pontoons or natural floating materials, and its outer surface is covered with a protective layer made of natural linen and coconut fiber mesh.

3. The biomimetic floating drawdown zone vegetation restoration system with adaptively adjustable water level as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the biomimetic buoyancy base is provided with a biomimetic support rib structure.

4. The biomimetic floating drawdown zone vegetation restoration system with adaptively adjustable water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible connection mechanism includes a main anchoring rope, a flexible slip ring device, and a traction rope. The upper end of the main anchoring rope is connected to a fixed anchor point on the bank slope or bank, and the lower end is connected to a counterweight placed on the bottom of the water. The middle section defines a slip zone. The flexible slip ring device is slidably fitted onto the slip zone of the main anchoring rope; One end of the traction rope is connected to the flexible slip ring device, and the other end is connected to the biomimetic buoyancy base.

5. The biomimetic floating drawdown zone vegetation restoration system with adaptively adjustable water level according to claim 4, characterized in that, The traction rope is a biodegradable hemp rope, a recycled fiber rope, or a nylon rope; the counterweight is a natural pebble or boulder.

6. The biomimetic floating drawdown zone vegetation restoration system with adaptively adjustable water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological planting layer includes a biological substrate layer and a plant layer; wherein the biological substrate layer is composed of at least two of the following: volcanic rock, coconut coir, rice husk charcoal, humus and expanded ceramsite; the plant layer is disposed on the substrate layer, and the plants are selected from at least one of the following: plants tolerant of alternating wet and dry conditions, emergent plants, submerged plants and floating plants.

7. The biomimetic floating drawdown zone vegetation restoration system with adaptively adjustable water level according to claim 6, characterized in that, The biological matrix layer also contains zeolite, shell powder, or biochar particles.

8. The biomimetic floating drawdown zone phytoremediation system with adaptively adjustable water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage bladder and air bladder composite system is connected to the external water body through a flexible valve. The flexible valve is a float valve or a pressure-sensitive reversible valve, which is used to automatically control the unidirectional inflow or outflow of water when the water level changes, so as to achieve bidirectional reversible adjustment of buoyancy. The drainage bladder-air bladder composite system is composed of multiple parallel independent chambers, and adjacent chambers are connected through throttling micropores.

9. The biomimetic floating drawdown zone phytoremediation system with adaptively adjustable water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple modular floating units are detachably connected to the anchoring unit via the connection, and combined to form a strip-shaped, island-shaped, or grid-shaped floating repair platform.

10. The biomimetic floating drawdown zone phytoremediation system with adaptively adjustable water level according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a water level monitoring and control system; The water level monitoring and control system includes a water level sensor mounted on the biomimetic buoyancy base and a control unit connected to it via a signal. The control unit controls the opening or closing of the flexible valve based on the water level signal monitored by the water level sensor, so as to realize the automatic adjustment of the water inlet and outlet of the drainage bladder and air bladder composite system.

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