Modularized ASCOM control system of atmospheric coherent length measuring instrument

Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized ASCOM control system of an atmospheric coherent length measuring instrument. The modularized ASCOM control system comprises a guide star camera supporting an ASCOM protocol, a primary mirror camera and an electric focalizer, a turntable system; the rotary table system controls an azimuth angle and a pitch angle through an Onstep controller and is driven by a motor controller to execute; the Onstep controller has the functions of pointing and tracking, obtains target information based on upper computer software, calculates a target azimuth angle and a target pitch angle, converts the target azimuth angle and the target pitch angle into motor control instructions and outputs the motor control instructions to the motor controller, and the motor controller controls a motor to drive the rotary table system to rotate; upper computer software; and the upper computer software communicates with the turntable system, the guide star camera, the primary mirror camera and the electric focalizer through an ASCOM protocol and performs flow control of atmospheric coherent length measurement. The system has the characteristics of modularization, high compatibility and the like, can directly replace similar ASCOM equipment without modifying software, remarkably reduces the development cycle and maintenance cost of the system, and is suitable for various atmospheric turbulence monitoring scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atmospheric coherence length measuring instruments, and specifically designs a modular ASCOM (Astronomical Instrumentation Control Library) control system for atmospheric coherence length measuring instruments. Background Technology

[0002] Atmospheric turbulence refers to the phenomenon where random changes in the local density of the atmosphere cause random changes in the atmospheric refractive index. Irregular atmospheric flow can form gaseous vortices with different sizes, velocities, densities, and pressures. The random motion and superposition of these gaseous vortices create atmospheric turbulence.

[0003] Atmospheric turbulence is caused by the temperature difference between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere. When this temperature gradient exists, winds blowing across aerodynamically rough regions of the Earth's surface cause random fluctuations in the atmospheric refractive index, thus creating optical turbulence. The atmospheric coherence length (denoted by r0) is a widely used parameter to describe turbulence effects. The atmospheric coherence length describes the combined turbulence intensity along the atmospheric transmission and self-transmission paths of light.

[0004] An atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument is used to measure the atmospheric coherence length along the transmission path of a measurement point at a specified target distance within the entire atmosphere. During operation, a telescope is used to observe beacon light and stars. To accommodate observations of distant stars, a long focal length telescope is typically used, resulting in a relatively small imaging field of view. The atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument requires high control, tracking, and positioning accuracy, and precise focusing is also necessary to measure targets at different distances. Currently, there is no integrated control system for the various functions of an atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument in different modes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a modular ASCOM control system for an atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument, so as to realize the functions of positioning, tracking, focusing, control and measurement of the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: The modular ASCOM control system for the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument includes: Supports ASCOM protocol for guide camera, primary mirror camera and electronic focuser; guide camera and primary mirror camera are mounted on turntable system, guide camera realizes dynamic correction of turntable system through star point acquisition and deviation calculation, primary mirror camera completes the acquisition and temporary storage of atmospheric coherence length image sequence according to preset parameters; electronic focuser performs focusing operation based on the sharpness feedback of the image acquired by guide camera. Turntable system; The turntable system controls the azimuth and pitch angles through the Onstep controller, which is driven by the motor controller; The Onstep controller functions as pointing and tracking. It obtains target information based on the host computer software, calculates the target azimuth and pitch angles, converts them into motor control commands, and outputs them to the motor controller. The motor controller controls the motor to drive the turntable system to rotate. The host computer software communicates with the turntable system, guide camera, primary mirror camera, and electric focuser via the ASCOM protocol and performs process control for atmospheric coherence length measurement.

[0007] Furthermore, the electronic focusing unit includes a coarse focusing unit and a fine focusing unit, which are used for coarse alignment of the imaging target and imaging optimization of the guide camera, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, during the rotation of the turntable system, an absolute encoder is used to detect the current azimuth and pitch angles in real time, and the results are fed back to the motor controller to determine whether the target azimuth and pitch angles have been reached.

[0009] Furthermore, the operating mode of the control system includes a beacon light mode: First, the optical axes of the guide camera and the primary mirror camera are calibrated to be coaxial. Then, with the guide camera in a wide field of view, the orientation of the turntable system is controlled by the host computer software: the host computer software first controls the coarse focuser to perform coarse alignment via the ASCOM protocol, so that the target beacon light is placed in the center of the guide camera's field of view and that its image is coarsely clear and not blurry; then it controls the fine focuser to perform fine alignment, so that the image meets the preset clarity requirements; after fine alignment is completed, the exposure and gain of the primary mirror camera are adjusted to match the observation requirements before the window is opened and measurements begin.

[0010] Furthermore, the control system also includes a star mode: First, the optical axes of the guide camera and the primary mirror camera are calibrated to be coaxial. Then, with the guide camera in a wide field of view, the right ascension and declination coordinates of the target star are given. After the right ascension and declination coordinates are communicated to the Onstep controller via the ASCOM protocol, the target azimuth and pitch angles are calculated and converted into control commands for the motor azimuth and pitch axes. The control commands are then transmitted to the motor controller, which controls the motor to drive the turntable system to rotate to the target azimuth and pitch angles. Real-time angle feedback is provided through an absolute encoder, thereby making the turntable system point towards the target star. After pointing at the target star, the guide camera captures an image of the night sky. This image is then analyzed using ASTAP and compared with a star database to calculate the angles of the turntable system's azimuth and pitch axis offsets. This information is then transmitted to the motor controller to control the turntable system to rotate again. After multiple adjustments, the target star is positioned at the center of the primary mirror camera's field of view. The host computer software uses ASCOM to control the electronic focuser to adjust the focus, ensuring the image achieves the preset sharpness requirements. Finally, the primary mirror camera's exposure and gain are adjusted to match the observation requirements before the window is opened, and measurements begin.

[0011] Step 1: After system startup, the system first completes the targeted loading and compatibility verification of the ASCOM drivers for each device. It then intercepts underlying faults such as unregistered drivers or model mismatches through logical branches, triggering a driver repair process and forming a local feedback loop. The devices include the turntable system, guide camera, primary mirror camera, and electronic focuser. After successful driver verification, physical connections are established according to the priority of core functions, and a preset number of connection retry strategies are configured to handle transient communication disturbances. After successful connection between the host computer software and each device, the parameters of each device are initialized and configured based on the technical indicators of atmospheric coherence length measurement. The priority of core functions is: turntable system → guide camera, primary mirror camera → electronic focuser. Step 2: Obtain and initiate the measurement task; the host computer software first parses the task instructions and encapsulates the ASCOM standard commands, shielding the underlying hardware differences of each device through the uniformity of the ASCOM interface protocol; then it drives each device to enter parallel working mode based on the beacon light mode or star mode in the task instructions: The turntable system completes target positioning and real-time tracking based on preset coordinates. The guide camera achieves dynamic correction of the turntable system through star point acquisition and deviation calculation. The primary mirror camera completes the acquisition and temporary storage of atmospheric coherence length image sequences according to preset parameters. The coarse and fine focusers perform precise focusing operations based on the target image sharpness feedback. The working parameters of each device are synchronously acquired through the real-time status acquisition module. Step 3: Based on the accuracy requirements of atmospheric coherence length measurement, the operating parameters of each acquired device are quantitatively verified. If the status of each device meets the preset indicators, the local status cache and measurement progress are updated, and the measurement termination condition is confirmed through a logical judgment node. If not completed, the process returns to the task execution stage to form a closed loop. If an abnormal status occurs, it is handled in a graded manner according to its severity. Minor anomalies trigger an automatic retry mechanism, while severe anomalies initiate an alarm process and suspend the measurement task, awaiting manual intervention. Step 4: When the measurement termination condition is met, the system disconnects each device in the following order: guide camera, primary mirror camera → electric focuser → turntable system, and releases the system resources occupied by the ASCOM driver. Finally, the measurement data is archived. The measurement data includes atmospheric coherence length image sequences and equipment operation logs. The equipment operation logs include instruction records and abnormal information.

[0012] Furthermore, the parameter initialization configuration of each device includes the target horizon coordinates and tracking rate calibration of the turntable system, the star point recognition mode and exposure parameter settings of the guide camera, the acquisition frame rate and data format definition of the primary mirror camera, and the zero-point calibration and focus accuracy threshold planning of the electronic focuser.

[0013] Furthermore, the operating parameters of each device include the tracking deviation of the turntable system, the acquisition progress of the primary camera, and the position information of the electronic focuser.

[0014] Furthermore, the measurement termination conditions include the completion of the number of acquisition frames and the measurement duration reaching the target.

[0015] Furthermore, the minor anomalies include deviations of the guide camera slightly exceeding a threshold; the serious anomalies include electronic focuser jamming and primary mirror camera acquisition failure.

[0016] A terminal device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory; when the processor executes the computer program, it implements a modular ASCOM control method for the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument.

[0017] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program; when executed by a processor, the computer program implements a modular ASCOM control method for the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical features: This invention enables the rapid construction of a control system using the ASCOM technology protocol. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for software development, allowing for the replacement of similar ASCOM-compatible products, thus reducing the development cycle. The system is modular and highly compatible, directly replacing similar ASCOM devices without software modifications, significantly reducing system development time and maintenance costs. It is suitable for various atmospheric turbulence monitoring scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the control system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the turntable control for an atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument. Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the control principle of the ASCOM atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument. Detailed Implementation

[0020] ASCOM is an open standard protocol and driver interface framework designed to solve the communication interoperability problem between hardware devices and software. This invention provides a modular ASCOM control system for an atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument, comprising: The system includes a guide camera, a primary mirror camera, and an electronic focuser that support the ASCOM protocol. The guide camera and primary mirror camera are mounted on a turntable system. The guide camera performs dynamic correction of the turntable system through star point acquisition and deviation calculation. The primary mirror camera acquires and temporarily stores atmospheric coherence length image sequences according to preset parameters. The electronic focuser includes a coarse focuser and a fine focuser, which are used for coarse alignment and image optimization of the imaging target by the guide camera, respectively. Coarse alignment is used to make the target image roughly clear (e.g., exceeding a preset sharpness index), while image optimization increases the contrast of the target image, thereby making it clearer.

[0021] A turntable system; the turntable system controls the azimuth and pitch angles through an Onstep controller, driven by a motor controller, and equipped with an absolute encoder for angle feedback; the main functions of the Onstep controller are pointing and tracking. It obtains target information based on the host computer software, calculates the target azimuth and pitch angles, converts them into motor control commands, and outputs them to the motor controller. The motor controller controls the motor to drive the turntable system to rotate. During the rotation, the absolute encoder can detect the current azimuth and pitch angles in real time and feed them back to the motor controller to determine whether the target azimuth and pitch angles have been reached. The host computer software communicates with the turntable system, guide camera, primary mirror camera, and electronic focuser via the ASCOM protocol, and performs process control for atmospheric coherence length measurement. This solution supports replacing other products of the same type that support the ASCOM technology protocol.

[0022] The modular ASCOM control system of this invention supports two operating modes: beacon light mode and star mode. In beacon light mode, the optical axes of the guide camera and the primary mirror camera are first calibrated to be coaxial. Then, with the guide camera in a wide field of view, the orientation of the turntable system is controlled by the host computer software: the host computer software first controls the coarse focuser to perform coarse alignment via the ASCOM protocol, so that the target beacon light is placed in the center of the guide camera's field of view and that its image is coarsely clear and not blurry; then it controls the fine focuser to perform fine alignment, so that the image is clearer; after fine alignment is completed, the exposure and gain of the primary mirror camera are adjusted to suitable observation values ​​(preset values ​​or empirical values) and then the window is opened to start the measurement.

[0023] In stellar mode, the optical axes of the guide camera and the primary mirror camera are first calibrated to be coaxial. Then, with the guide camera in a wide field of view, the right ascension and declination coordinates of the target star are given. After the right ascension and declination coordinates are communicated to the Onstep controller via the ASCOM protocol, the target azimuth and pitch angles are calculated and converted into control commands for the motor azimuth and pitch axes. These control commands are then transmitted to the motor controller, which controls the motor to drive the turntable system to rotate to the target azimuth and pitch angles. Real-time angle feedback is provided through an absolute encoder, thus making the turntable system point towards the target star.

[0024] After the turntable system is pointed at the target star, it cannot be perfectly aligned with the center of the primary mirror camera's field of view. Multiple adjustments are needed to center the target star within the primary mirror's field of view. Specifically: First, after pointing at the target star, the guide camera captures an image of the night sky. Then, ASTAP analysis is used to compare this image with a star database to calculate the azimuth and pitch axis offsets of the turntable system. This information is then transmitted to the motor controller to control the turntable system to rotate again. After multiple adjustments, the target star is positioned at the center of the primary mirror camera's field of view. The host computer software uses ASCOM to control the coarse focuser to ensure a clear, unblurred image, and then controls the fine focuser to further refine the image. After fine alignment, the primary mirror camera's exposure and gain are adjusted to suitable observation values ​​before the window is opened, and measurements begin.

[0025] Based on the above technical solutions, this invention further provides a modular ASCOM control method for an atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument. Guided by the high-precision requirements of atmospheric coherence length measurement, and relying on the ASCOM standardized interface protocol, it constructs a multi-device collaborative control framework encompassing a horizontal turntable system, a guide camera, a primary mirror camera, and dual focusers. The overall design follows the core concept of "hierarchical closed-loop control," achieving standardized operation across the entire chain—including device communication, task execution, status management, and process closure—through modular division and logical linkage. Figure 3 As shown, the control method includes the following steps: Step 1 is the system initialization and device communication phase with the "pre-verification-reconnection mechanism" as the core logic.

[0026] After the system starts up, it first completes the targeted loading and compatibility verification of the ASCOM drivers for each device. It then intercepts underlying faults such as unregistered drivers and model mismatches through logical branches, triggers the driver repair process, and forms a local feedback loop. The devices mentioned include the turntable system, the guide camera, the primary mirror camera, and the electronic focuser. After the driver verification is successful, physical connections are established according to the priority logic of core functions (turntable system → guide camera, primary mirror camera → electronic focuser), and a connection retry strategy of up to 3 times is configured to cope with instantaneous communication disturbances. After the host computer software successfully connects with each device, the parameters of each device are initialized and configured based on the technical indicators of atmospheric coherence length measurement, including the target horizon coordinates and tracking rate calibration of the turntable system, the star point recognition mode and exposure parameter settings of the guide camera, the acquisition frame rate and data format definition of the primary mirror camera, and the zero-point calibration and focus accuracy threshold planning of the electronic focuser, thereby providing a unified parameter benchmark for subsequent collaborative operations.

[0027] Step 2 is the task execution phase, which is based on the core logic of "instruction standardization and operation parallelization".

[0028] Acquire and initiate the measurement task (supports manual triggering and automatic timed triggering); the host computer software first parses the task instructions and encapsulates the ASCOM standard commands, shielding the underlying hardware differences of various devices through the uniformity of the ASCOM interface protocol, ensuring cross-device compatibility of the instructions; then it drives each device to enter parallel working mode based on the beacon light mode or star mode in the task instructions: The turntable system completes target positioning and real-time tracking based on preset coordinates. The guide camera achieves dynamic correction of the turntable system through star point acquisition and deviation calculation. The primary mirror camera completes the acquisition and temporary storage of atmospheric coherence length image sequences according to preset parameters. The coarse focuser and fine focuser perform precise focusing operations based on the target image sharpness feedback. This parallel architecture effectively avoids measurement deviations caused by equipment action delays.

[0029] The real-time status acquisition module synchronously acquires the operating parameters of each device (such as the tracking deviation of the turntable system, the acquisition progress of the main lens camera, and the position information of the electric focuser), providing data support for subsequent accuracy verification.

[0030] Step 3 is the state verification and anomaly handling stage, which adopts the strategy of "precision threshold judgment - hierarchical fault tolerance control".

[0031] Based on the accuracy requirements of atmospheric coherence length measurement, the operating parameters of each acquired device are quantitatively verified. If the status of each device meets the preset indicators, the local status cache and measurement progress are updated, and a logical judgment node is used to confirm whether the measurement termination conditions (such as completion of acquisition frames or measurement duration target) have been met. If not, the process returns to the task execution stage to form a closed loop. If an abnormal state occurs, it is handled in a graded manner according to its severity. Minor anomalies (such as the guide camera's deviation slightly exceeding the threshold) trigger an automatic retry mechanism, while severe anomalies (such as the electronic focuser jamming or the primary mirror camera failing to acquire data) initiate an alarm process and suspend the measurement task, awaiting manual intervention, thus achieving an organic combination of automated error correction and risk management.

[0032] Step 4 is the process completion stage with the goal of "standardized release of resources and traceable archiving of data".

[0033] Once the measurement termination condition is met, the system disconnects each device in the following order: (guide camera, main mirror camera → electric focuser → turntable system). This prevents hardware wear and tear caused by prolonged operation of the devices and releases system resources occupied by the ASCOM driver, ensuring the stability of the system's subsequent operation.

[0034] Finally, the measurement data is archived, including atmospheric coherence length image sequences, equipment operation logs (including command records and anomaly information), and preliminary calculation results, providing complete data support for subsequent result analysis and equipment fault diagnosis.

[0035] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A modular ASCOM control system for an atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument, characterized in that, include: Supports ASCOM protocol guide camera, primary mirror camera and electric focuser; guide camera and primary mirror camera are mounted on turntable system. Guide camera realizes dynamic correction of turntable system through star point acquisition and deviation calculation. Primary mirror camera completes the acquisition and temporary storage of atmospheric coherence length image sequence according to preset parameters. The electronic focuser performs focusing based on the sharpness feedback of the images acquired by the guide camera; Turntable system; The turntable system controls the azimuth and pitch angles via an Onstep controller, which is driven by a motor controller. The Onstep controller functions as pointing and tracking. It obtains target information based on the host computer software, calculates the target azimuth and pitch angles, converts them into motor control commands, and outputs them to the motor controller. The motor controller then controls the motor to drive the turntable system to rotate. The host computer software communicates with the turntable system, guide camera, primary mirror camera, and electric focuser via the ASCOM protocol and performs process control for atmospheric coherence length measurement.

2. The modular ASCOM control system of the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic focusing unit includes a coarse focusing unit and a fine focusing unit, which are used for coarse alignment of the imaging target and imaging optimization of the guide camera, respectively.

3. The modular ASCOM control system of the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the rotation of the turntable system, an absolute encoder is used to detect the current azimuth and pitch angles in real time and feed them back to the motor controller to determine whether the target azimuth and pitch angles have been reached.

4. The modular ASCOM control system of the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system operates in beacon light mode: First, the optical axes of the guide camera and the primary mirror camera are calibrated to be coaxial. Then, with the guide camera in a wide field of view, the orientation of the turntable system is controlled by the host computer software: the host computer software first controls the coarse focuser to perform coarse alignment via the ASCOM protocol, so that the target beacon light is placed in the center of the guide camera's field of view and that its image is coarsely clear and not blurry; then it controls the fine focuser to perform fine alignment, so that the image meets the preset clarity requirements; after fine alignment is completed, the exposure and gain of the primary mirror camera are adjusted to match the observation requirements before the window is opened and measurements begin.

5. The modular ASCOM control system of the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system also includes a star mode: First, the optical axes of the guide camera and the primary mirror camera are calibrated to be coaxial. Then, with the guide camera in a wide field of view, the right ascension and declination coordinates of the target star are given. After the right ascension and declination coordinates are communicated to the Onstep controller via the ASCOM protocol, the target azimuth and pitch angles are calculated and converted into control commands for the motor azimuth and pitch axes. The control commands are then transmitted to the motor controller, which controls the motor to drive the turntable system to rotate to the target azimuth and pitch angles. Real-time angle feedback is provided through an absolute encoder, thereby making the turntable system point towards the target star. After pointing at the target star, the guide camera captures an image of the night sky. This image is then analyzed using ASTAP and compared with a star database to calculate the angles of the turntable system's azimuth and pitch axis offsets. This information is then transmitted to the motor controller to control the turntable system to rotate again. After multiple adjustments, the target star is positioned at the center of the primary mirror camera's field of view. The host computer software uses ASCOM to control the electronic focuser to adjust the focus, ensuring the image achieves the preset sharpness requirements. Finally, the primary mirror camera's exposure and gain are adjusted to match the observation requirements before the window is opened, and measurements begin.

6. A modular ASCOM control method for an atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument, characterized in that, include: Step 1: After system startup, the system first completes the targeted loading and compatibility verification of the ASCOM drivers for each device. It then intercepts underlying faults such as unregistered drivers or model mismatches through logical branches, triggering a driver repair process and forming a local feedback loop. The devices include the turntable system, guide camera, primary mirror camera, and electronic focuser. After successful driver verification, physical connections are established according to the priority of core functions, and a preset number of connection retry strategies are configured to handle transient communication disturbances. After successful connection between the host computer software and each device, the parameters of each device are initialized and configured based on the technical indicators of atmospheric coherence length measurement. The priority of core functions is: turntable system → guide camera, primary mirror camera → electronic focuser. Step 2: Obtain and initiate the measurement task; the host computer software first parses the task instructions and encapsulates the ASCOM standard commands, shielding the underlying hardware differences of each device through the uniformity of the ASCOM interface protocol; then it drives each device to enter parallel working mode based on the beacon light mode or star mode in the task instructions: The turntable system completes target positioning and real-time tracking based on preset coordinates. The guide camera achieves dynamic correction of the turntable system through star point acquisition and deviation calculation. The primary mirror camera completes the acquisition and temporary storage of atmospheric coherence length image sequences according to preset parameters. The coarse focuser and fine focuser perform precise focusing operations based on the target image sharpness feedback. The working parameters of each device are synchronously acquired through the real-time status acquisition module. Step 3: Based on the accuracy requirements of atmospheric coherence length measurement, the operating parameters of each acquired device are quantitatively verified. If the status of each device meets the preset indicators, the local status cache and measurement progress are updated, and the measurement termination condition is confirmed through a logical judgment node. If not completed, the process returns to the task execution stage to form a closed loop. If an abnormal status occurs, it is handled in a graded manner according to its severity. Minor anomalies trigger an automatic retry mechanism, while severe anomalies initiate an alarm process and suspend the measurement task, awaiting manual intervention. Step 4: When the measurement termination condition is met, the system disconnects each device in the following order: guide camera, primary mirror camera → electric focuser → turntable system, and releases the system resources occupied by the ASCOM driver. Finally, the measurement data is archived. The measurement data includes atmospheric coherence length image sequences and equipment operation logs. The equipment operation logs include instruction records and abnormal information.

7. The modular ASCOM control method for the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The parameter initialization configuration of each device includes the target horizon coordinates and tracking rate calibration of the turntable system, the star point recognition mode and exposure parameter settings of the guide camera, the acquisition frame rate and data format definition of the primary mirror camera, and the zero-point calibration and focus accuracy threshold planning of the electronic focuser.

8. The modular ASCOM control method for the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The operating parameters of each device include the tracking deviation of the turntable system, the acquisition progress of the primary camera, and the position information of the electronic focuser.

9. The modular ASCOM control method for the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, The minor anomalies include the guide camera's deviation slightly exceeding the threshold; the serious anomalies include the electronic focuser jamming and the primary mirror camera failing to acquire data.

10. A terminal device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory; characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the modular ASCOM control method for the atmospheric coherence length measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1-9.

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