Battery device, heat insulation assembly and electric device

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery device, a heat insulation assembly and a power utilization device, and relates to the technical field of batteries, the battery device comprises the heat insulation assembly and a plurality of battery monomers, the plurality of battery monomers are arranged in sequence, the heat insulation assembly is arranged between the adjacent battery monomers, the heat insulation assembly comprises a shell, a phase change material piece and a supporting piece, the shell is provided with a liquid outlet and an air inlet, and the liquid outlet is communicated with the phase change material piece. The air inlet is located above the liquid outlet, the phase change material piece is arranged in the containing cavity and changes phases between a liquid state and a solid state, the solid-state phase change material piece blocks the air inlet and the liquid outlet, the liquid-state phase change material piece opens the air inlet and the liquid outlet and discharges the air through the liquid outlet, and the supporting piece is an elastic piece and is arranged in the containing cavity. By arranging the heat insulation assembly, the risk of thermal runaway spreading is reduced, by arranging the gas inlet and the liquid outlet in the shell, the risk of pyrolysis product accumulation is reduced, the contact thermal resistance can be ensured after the phase change material piece is discharged, and meanwhile, the structure of the battery device can be simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device, a heat insulation component, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, new energy vehicles have experienced rapid development. In the field of electric vehicles, battery devices, as the power source, play an irreplaceable and crucial role. As a core component of new energy vehicles, battery devices have high requirements in terms of both charging and discharging performance and safety.

[0003] In related technologies, in order to reduce the risk of thermal runaway propagation of individual battery cells, phase change materials are usually used as a heat insulation layer between battery cells. However, the high-temperature liquid pyrolysis products formed after the phase change material is pyrolyzed will accumulate in the battery device and form a thermal barrier, which will aggravate the heat accumulation at the bottom of the battery device, accelerate heat spread, and fail to effectively suppress heat diffusion, thus affecting the charging and discharging performance and safety of the battery device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a battery device that can effectively reduce the risk of heat buildup, improve charge / discharge performance, and enhance safety in use.

[0005] In the first aspect, this application proposes a battery device.

[0006] Secondly, this application proposes a thermal insulation component.

[0007] Thirdly, this application proposes an electrical device.

[0008] A battery device according to an embodiment of this application includes: a plurality of battery cells arranged sequentially along a first direction; a heat insulation assembly disposed between at least two adjacent battery cells, the heat insulation assembly including: a housing having an openable or sealable liquid outlet and an air inlet communicating with a receiving cavity of the housing, the air inlet being located above the liquid outlet; a phase change material element disposed within the receiving cavity, the phase change material element being configured to undergo a phase change between a liquid and a solid state, wherein when the phase change material element is in a solid state, the phase change material element seals the air inlet and the liquid outlet, and when the phase change material element is in a liquid state, the phase change material element opens the air inlet and the liquid outlet, and the liquid phase change material element is discharged through the liquid outlet; and a support member, the support member being an elastic member disposed within the receiving cavity to support the housing.

[0009] In the above technical solution, by setting a heat insulation component between two adjacent battery cells, the heat insulation component can suppress heat conduction between adjacent battery cells, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway battery cells causing thermal runaway of battery cells in the normal state. The heat insulation component includes a phase change material component. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the phase change material component can quickly absorb heat and transform from a solid state to a liquid state, which helps to further reduce the efficiency of heat conduction from the thermal runaway battery cell to the battery cell in the normal state, thereby effectively delaying the spread of thermal runaway. By setting an openable or sealable liquid outlet on the outer casing, the phase change material component can be discharged through the liquid outlet after absorbing heat and transforming into a liquid state, reducing the risk of pyrolysis products accumulating in the battery device, thereby reducing the risk of accelerated heat spread due to the accumulation of pyrolysis products, effectively suppressing heat diffusion, and improving the charge and discharge performance and safety of the battery device. By setting an air inlet on the outer casing and setting a support component in the receiving cavity, when the liquid phase change material component is discharged from the receiving cavity through the liquid outlet, Outside air can be drawn into the containment cavity through the air inlet under atmospheric pressure, filling the cavity with air, increasing contact thermal resistance, and effectively suppressing heat diffusion. By further configuring the support as an elastic element, the risk of shell deformation is reduced, the smoothness of liquid phase change material component discharge and air intake is improved, and the stability of the support component in supporting the shell is enhanced, thereby helping to maintain the stability of contact thermal resistance and ensuring a stable effect in delaying thermal runaway. At the same time, when the battery cell expands, the elastic element can be compressed to absorb the expansion of the battery cell, reducing the risk of battery device damage. By sealing the air inlet and liquid outlet with the solid phase change material component, the risk of dust and other debris entering the containment cavity can be reduced. Furthermore, there is no need for additional sealing components for the air inlet and liquid outlet, which simplifies the structural complexity of the thermal insulation component and reduces the production and assembly costs of the thermal insulation component. When the phase change material component changes from solid to liquid, the air inlet and liquid outlet can be automatically opened, effectively improving the convenience of opening the air inlet and liquid outlet.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the support member is embedded within the solid phase change material member.

[0011] In the above technical solution, by embedding the support component inside the solid phase change material component, on the one hand, the solid phase change material component can play a role in constraining the support component. When the phase change material component changes from solid to liquid, the support component can release elastic force to support the shell, reducing the risk of shell deformation or collapse. On the other hand, there is no need to design separate spaces for setting the phase change material component and the elastic component in the cavity, which is conducive to improving the assembly convenience of the thermal insulation component.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the support member is corrugated or honeycomb-shaped.

[0013] In the above technical solution, by constructing the support member in a corrugated or honeycomb shape, it is beneficial to achieve uniform support of the support member on the shell, while also improving the elastic deformation capacity and buffering energy absorption effect of the support member, and stably maintaining the contact thermal resistance between the support member and the shell.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the phase change material component ranges from 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0015] In the above technical solution, by designing the thickness of the phase change material, firstly, the heat absorption capacity of the phase change material component can be improved; secondly, the phase change efficiency of the phase change material component can be improved; and thirdly, the opening of the air inlet and liquid outlet can be facilitated.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the housing includes at least an insulating buffer layer.

[0017] In the above technical solution, by including an insulating buffer layer in the outer casing, the outer casing can electrically isolate adjacent battery cells, effectively reducing the risk of short circuits or sparks. At the same time, it helps to further reduce heat conduction efficiency, delay the spread of thermal runaway, and improve the safety of the battery device.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the outer shell includes a heat insulation layer and an encapsulation layer, the heat insulation layer is disposed inside the buffer layer, the heat insulation layer defines the inner peripheral wall of the receiving cavity, and the encapsulation layer is located on the side of the buffer layer opposite to the heat insulation layer.

[0019] In the above technical solution, by setting a heat insulation layer that defines the inner peripheral wall of the cavity, it is beneficial to improve the heat insulation effect of the shell, improve the effect of the heat insulation component in suppressing heat diffusion, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of battery cells in normal state. By setting an encapsulation layer, it is possible to protect the heat insulation layer and the buffer layer, and at the same time, it is beneficial to increase the contact thermal resistance to further improve the heat insulation effect of the shell and delay heat spread.

[0020] According to some embodiments of this application, each of the battery cells is provided with the heat insulation component.

[0021] In the above technical solution, by providing a heat insulation component for each battery cell, the heat transfer between adjacent battery cells is slowed down, reducing the risk of cascading thermal runaway in the battery device. At the same time, each battery cell can be buffered and vibration-damped to prevent them from squeezing against each other, reducing the risk of damage to the battery cells and improving the safety of the battery device.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this application, each heat insulation component is fitted over the battery cell; or the battery cell includes a first sidewall disposed opposite to each other in the first direction, the first sidewall being the sidewall with the largest area of ​​the battery cell, and the heat insulation component is sandwiched between the first sidewalls of adjacent battery cells.

[0023] In the above technical solutions, by encasing the heat insulation component inside the battery cell, it is not only convenient to position and assemble the heat insulation component and the battery cell, but also to effectively improve the heat insulation component's ability to block the heat of the battery cell, fully suppress heat diffusion, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of a battery cell in a normal state. Alternatively, by clamping the heat insulation component between the first sidewalls of adjacent battery cells, on the one hand, the heat insulation component can suppress heat conduction between adjacent battery cells, on the other hand, it can reduce the material cost of the heat insulation component, and it is also beneficial to reduce the space occupied by the heat insulation component, which helps to save more space for the battery cells, thereby helping to increase the capacity of the battery device.

[0024] According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device further includes a base plate, on which a plurality of battery cells are supported, and the base plate is provided with a drain channel communicating with the liquid outlet.

[0025] In the above technical solution, a base plate is set to facilitate the positioning and installation of multiple battery cells. A drain channel connected to the liquid outlet is set on the base plate to allow the liquid phase change material to be discharged from the battery device through the drain channel, thereby reducing the risk of phase change material pyrolysis and accumulation in the battery device. This helps to reduce the risk of accelerated heat spread due to the accumulation of pyrolysis products.

[0026] According to some embodiments of this application, the drainage channel is located inside the base plate, the base plate has a connecting port, and the outlet is connected to the drainage channel through the connecting port; or the outlet is provided with a guide pipe, the guide pipe passes through the connecting port so that the outlet is connected to the drainage channel.

[0027] In the above technical solutions, by setting the drain channel inside the base plate, the space inside the base plate is fully utilized, eliminating the need for additional space to arrange the drain channel within the battery device. This saves more space for individual battery cells and helps increase the capacity of the battery device. By connecting the outlet to the drain channel through a connecting port, the convenience of communication between the outlet and the drain channel is improved, simplifying the structure of the battery device and reducing its production cost. Alternatively, by setting a guide pipe, the heat insulation component can be positioned and installed on the base plate through the guide pipe. This also helps reduce the risk of leakage of liquid phase change material components, thereby reducing the risk of short circuits in the battery device and improving its safety.

[0028] According to some embodiments of this application, at least a portion of the bottom wall of the drainage channel is inclined downwards.

[0029] In the above technical solution, by tilting at least part of the bottom wall of the drainage channel downwards, the phase change material component that has been converted into a liquid state can be quickly discharged under the action of gravity, thereby improving the smoothness and efficiency of discharge.

[0030] A heat insulation component according to an embodiment of this application includes: a housing, wherein the housing has a receiving cavity, the housing has a liquid outlet communicating with the receiving cavity and an air inlet communicating with the receiving cavity, the air inlet being located above the liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet being configured to be openable or blocked; a phase change material element, the phase change material element being disposed in the receiving cavity, the phase change material element being configured to undergo a phase change between a liquid and a solid state, wherein when the phase change material element is in a solid state, the phase change material element blocks the air inlet and the liquid outlet, and when the phase change material element is in a liquid state, the phase change material element opens the air inlet and the liquid outlet, and the liquid phase change material element can be discharged through the liquid outlet; and a support member, the support member being an elastic element disposed in the receiving cavity to support the housing.

[0031] In the above technical solution, the phase change material component can absorb heat and transform from a solid to a liquid state to reduce the efficiency of heat conduction, thereby delaying the spread of thermal runaway. By providing an openable or sealable liquid outlet on the outer shell, the phase change material component can be discharged through the outlet after absorbing heat and transforming into a liquid state, reducing the risk of pyrolysis product accumulation. This helps to reduce the risk of accelerated heat spread due to pyrolysis product accumulation and effectively suppresses heat diffusion. By providing an air inlet on the outer shell and a support component inside the cavity, when the liquid phase change material component is discharged from the cavity through the outlet, outside air can be drawn into the cavity under atmospheric pressure, filling the cavity with air, increasing contact thermal resistance, and effectively suppressing heat diffusion. Further configuring the support component as an elastic element reduces the risk of outer shell deformation and improves... The smooth discharge and air intake of the liquid phase change material component are beneficial to improving the stability of the support component for the outer shell, thereby helping to maintain the stability of the contact thermal resistance and ensuring a stable effect in delaying thermal runaway. At the same time, when the battery cell expands, the elastic component can be compressed to absorb the expansion of the battery cell, reducing the risk of damage to the battery device. By using the solid phase change material component to seal the air inlet and liquid outlet, the risk of dust and other debris entering the containment cavity can be reduced. On the other hand, there is no need to set up additional sealing components for sealing the air inlet and liquid outlet, which helps to simplify the structural complexity of the heat insulation component and reduce the production and assembly cost of the heat insulation component. Furthermore, when the phase change material component changes from solid to liquid, it can automatically open the air inlet and liquid outlet, effectively improving the convenience of opening the air inlet and liquid outlet.

[0032] The electrical device according to the embodiments of this application includes the battery device described above; or includes the heat insulation component described above.

[0033] The electrical device described above has the same advantages as the battery device or the heat insulation component described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 The electrical device provided in some embodiments of this application is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 3 ; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at AA; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 4 ; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point B; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Sectional view at DD; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view at point E; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Enlarged view at point F; Figure 14Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 3 ; Figure 15 for Figure 14 Sectional view at GG; Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 4 ; Figure 17 for Figure 16 Sectional view at HH; Figure 18 for Figure 17 Enlarged view of point I in the middle; Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device provided in other embodiments of this application Figure 1 ; Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device provided in other embodiments of this application Figure 2 ; Figure 21 for Figure 20 Sectional view at JJ; Figure 22 Schematic diagrams of the structure of the heat insulation components provided in other embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure label: Battery assembly 100, battery cell 110, first sidewall 111 Thermal insulation component 120, outer shell 121, liquid outlet 1211, receiving cavity 1212, air inlet 1213, buffer layer 1214, thermal insulation layer 1215, encapsulation layer 1216. Phase change material component 122 Support component 123, heat-insulating layer 1231 Guide tube 124 Base plate 130, drainage channel 131 Adhesive component 140 Electrical device 1000, first direction X. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0039] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0042] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0043] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0044] In this application, the battery cell may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these. The battery cell may be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to their packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, and pouch battery cells, and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these.

[0045] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module comprising multiple battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery device mentioned in this application can be a battery module or a battery pack. A battery module generally includes multiple battery cells. A battery device generally includes a housing for encapsulating multiple battery cells or multiple battery modules, the housing preventing liquids or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells; of course, the battery device may also not include a housing.

[0046] For example, a single battery cell typically includes a housing, a cell assembly, and an electrolyte. The housing is used to house the cell assembly and the electrolyte, and the housing has at least one positive electrode post and at least one negative electrode post. The cell assembly includes one or more electrode assemblies, which are formed by stacking or winding positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, and separators.

[0047] The positive electrode generally includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer. The positive active material layer is directly or indirectly coated on the positive current collector. The positive current collector without the positive active material layer protrudes from the positive current collector with the positive active material layer. The positive current collector without the positive active material layer serves as a positive electrode tab. Multiple positive electrode tabs are stacked together and form an electrical connection with the positive electrode post. For example, the multiple stacked positive electrode tabs can be directly soldered to the positive electrode post to form an electrical connection; or, the battery cell assembly can also include a positive electrode adapter piece. The multiple stacked positive electrode tabs are soldered to one end of the positive electrode adapter piece, and the other end of the positive electrode adapter piece is soldered to the positive electrode post, so that the positive electrode tabs and the positive electrode post form an electrical connection.

[0048] The negative electrode generally includes a negative current collector and a negative active material layer. The negative active material layer is directly or indirectly coated on the negative current collector. The negative current collector without the negative active material layer protrudes from the negative current collector with the negative active material layer. The negative current collector without the negative active material layer serves as a negative electrode tab. Multiple negative electrode tabs are stacked together and form an electrical connection with the negative electrode post. For example, the stacked negative electrode tabs can be directly welded to the negative electrode post to form an electrical connection; alternatively, the battery cell assembly may also include a negative electrode adapter piece. The stacked negative electrode tabs are welded to one end of the negative electrode adapter piece, and the other end of the negative electrode adapter piece is welded to the negative electrode post, so that the negative electrode tabs and the negative electrode post form an electrical connection. The material of the separator is not limited; for example, it can be polypropylene or polyethylene.

[0049] In recent years, new energy vehicles have experienced rapid development. In the field of electric vehicles, battery devices, as the power source, play an irreplaceable and crucial role. As a core component of new energy vehicles, battery devices have high requirements in terms of both charging and discharging performance and safety.

[0050] In related technologies, in order to reduce the risk of thermal runaway propagation of individual battery cells, phase change materials are usually used as a heat insulation layer between battery cells. However, the high-temperature liquid pyrolysis products formed after the phase change material is pyrolyzed will accumulate in the battery device and form a thermal barrier, which will aggravate the heat accumulation at the bottom of the battery device, accelerate heat spread, and fail to effectively suppress heat diffusion, thus affecting the charging and discharging performance and safety of the battery device.

[0051] Based on the above considerations, in order to reduce the risk of heat accumulation caused by the accumulation of pyrolysis products formed after the pyrolysis of phase change materials in the battery device, this application proposes a battery device, which includes: a heat insulation component and multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells being arranged sequentially along a first direction, and a heat insulation component being provided between at least two adjacent battery cells. The heat insulation component includes: a shell, the shell having an openable or sealable liquid outlet and an air inlet communicating with the receiving cavity of the shell, the air inlet being located above the liquid outlet; a phase change material component, the phase change material component being disposed in the receiving cavity, the phase change material component being configured to undergo a phase change between a liquid and a solid state, when the phase change material component is in a solid state, the phase change material component seals the air inlet and the liquid outlet, when the phase change material component is in a liquid state, the phase change material component opens the air inlet and the liquid outlet, and the liquid phase change material component is discharged through the liquid outlet; and a support member, the support member being an elastic member and disposed in the receiving cavity to support the shell.

[0052] In the above technical solution, by setting a heat insulation component between two adjacent battery cells, the heat insulation component can suppress heat conduction between adjacent battery cells, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway battery cells causing thermal runaway of battery cells in the normal state. The heat insulation component includes a phase change material component. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the phase change material component can quickly absorb heat and transform from a solid state to a liquid state, which helps to further reduce the efficiency of heat conduction from the thermal runaway battery cell to the battery cell in the normal state, thereby effectively delaying the spread of thermal runaway. By setting an openable or sealable liquid outlet on the outer casing, the phase change material component can be discharged through the liquid outlet after absorbing heat and transforming into a liquid state, reducing the risk of pyrolysis products accumulating in the battery device, thereby reducing the risk of accelerated heat spread due to the accumulation of pyrolysis products, effectively suppressing heat diffusion, and improving the charge and discharge performance and safety of the battery device. By setting an air inlet on the outer casing and setting a support component in the receiving cavity, when the liquid phase change material component is discharged from the receiving cavity through the liquid outlet, Outside air can be drawn into the containment cavity through the air inlet under atmospheric pressure, filling the cavity with air, increasing contact thermal resistance, and effectively suppressing heat diffusion. Further configuring the support as an elastic element reduces the risk of shell deformation, improves the smoothness of liquid phase change material discharge and air intake, and enhances the stability of the support for the shell, thus maintaining stable contact thermal resistance and ensuring a stable effect in delaying thermal runaway. Simultaneously, when a battery cell expands, the elastic element can be compressed to absorb the expansion, reducing the risk of battery damage. By sealing the air inlet and liquid outlet with the solid phase change material, the risk of dust and other debris entering the containment cavity is reduced. Furthermore, the elimination of additional sealing elements for the air inlet and liquid outlet simplifies the structural complexity of the thermal insulation component, reduces production and assembly costs, and automatically opens the air inlet and liquid outlet when the phase change material changes from solid to liquid, effectively improving the ease of opening them.

[0053] It should be noted that pyrolysis products refer to the new substances formed after the phase change material is decomposed at high temperature. Pyrolysis products can conduct and store heat. If pyrolysis products accumulate in the battery device, they will quickly transfer the heat of the battery cell that has experienced thermal runaway to the battery cell that is in a normal state, causing a chain reaction of battery device failure. This application embodiment also provides a heat insulation component, which includes: a shell, a phase change material component, and a support component. The shell has a receiving cavity, a liquid outlet communicating with the receiving cavity, and an air inlet communicating with the receiving cavity. The air inlet is located above the liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet is configured to be openable or blocked. The phase change material component is disposed in the receiving cavity and is configured to undergo a phase change between a liquid and a solid state. When the phase change material component is in a solid state, it blocks the air inlet and the liquid outlet. When the phase change material component is in a liquid state, it opens the air inlet and the liquid outlet, and the liquid phase change material component is discharged through the liquid outlet. The support component is an elastic component and is disposed in the receiving cavity to support the shell. In the above technical solution, the phase change material component can quickly absorb heat and transform from a solid to a liquid state, thereby reducing the efficiency of heat conduction and effectively delaying the spread of thermal runaway. By providing an openable or sealable liquid outlet on the outer shell, the phase change material component, after absorbing heat and transforming into a liquid state, can be discharged through the outlet, reducing the risk of pyrolysis product accumulation. This helps to reduce the risk of accelerated heat spread due to pyrolysis product accumulation and effectively suppresses heat diffusion. By providing an air inlet on the outer shell and a support component inside the cavity, when the liquid phase change material component is discharged from the cavity through the outlet, outside air can be drawn into the cavity from the air inlet under atmospheric pressure, filling the cavity with air, increasing contact thermal resistance, and effectively suppressing heat diffusion. Furthermore, by configuring the support component as a spring... The elastic element reduces the risk of shell deformation, improves the smoothness of liquid phase change material component discharge and air intake, and enhances the stability of the support component for shell support, thereby helping to maintain the stability of contact thermal resistance and ensuring a stable effect in delaying thermal runaway. At the same time, the elastic element can be compressed to absorb expansion. By sealing the air inlet and liquid outlet with the solid phase change material component, the risk of dust and other debris entering the containment cavity can be reduced. Furthermore, there is no need for additional sealing components for the air inlet and liquid outlet, which simplifies the structural complexity of the thermal insulation component and reduces the production and assembly costs of the thermal insulation component. When the phase change material component changes from solid to liquid, the air inlet and liquid outlet can be automatically opened, effectively improving the convenience of opening the air inlet and liquid outlet.

[0054] This application provides an electrical device using the battery device or heat insulation component disclosed herein. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc.

[0055] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments use a vehicle as an example to describe the structure of the electrical device 1000, battery device 100, and heat insulation component 120 of this application.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The electrical device 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle. The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. The vehicle may be equipped with a battery device 100, which may be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle. The battery device 100 can be used to supply power to the vehicle; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the vehicle's operating power source. The vehicle may also include a controller and a motor. The controller is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor, for example, for the vehicle's starting, navigation, and driving power needs. In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the vehicle's operating power source but also as the vehicle's drive power source, replacing or partially replacing gasoline or natural gas to provide driving power to the vehicle.

[0057] Alternatively, the vehicle may be equipped with a heat insulation component 120, which may be disposed between adjacent battery cells 110 to reduce the risk of thermal runaway of a battery cell 110 causing thermal runaway of a battery cell 110 in a normal state.

[0058] Please combine Figures 2 to 7 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 , Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 3 , Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at AA Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 4 , Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point B. According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 includes: a plurality of battery cells 110 and a heat insulation assembly 120. The plurality of battery cells 110 are arranged sequentially along a first direction X. At least two adjacent battery cells 110 are provided with a heat insulation assembly 120. The heat insulation assembly 120 includes: a housing 121, a phase change material component 122, and a support component 123. The housing 121 is provided with an openable or sealable liquid outlet 1211 and an air inlet 1213 communicating with the receiving cavity 1212 of the housing 121. The air inlet 1213 is located above the liquid outlet 1211. The phase change material component 122 is disposed in the receiving cavity 1212 of the outer shell 121. The phase change material component 122 is configured to undergo phase change between liquid and solid states. When the phase change material component 122 is in a solid state, it blocks the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211. When the phase change material component 122 is in a liquid state, it opens the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, and the liquid phase change material component 122 can be discharged through the liquid outlet 1211. The support component 123 is an elastic component and is disposed in the receiving cavity 1212 to support the outer shell 121.

[0059] It should be noted that "first direction X" can be understood as the thickness direction of the battery cell 110. For a specific direction diagram, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 3 As shown.

[0060] In the above technical solution, by setting a heat insulation component 120 between two adjacent battery cells 110, the heat insulation component 120 can suppress heat conduction between adjacent battery cells 110, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of a battery cell 110 causing thermal runaway of a battery cell 110 in the normal state. The heat insulation component 120 includes a phase change material component 122. When a battery cell 110 experiences thermal runaway, the phase change material component 122 can quickly absorb heat and change from a solid state to a liquid state, which helps to further reduce the efficiency of heat conduction from the thermally runaway battery cell 110 to the battery cell 110 in the normal state, thereby effectively delaying the thermal runaway. Thermal runaway propagation; by providing an openable or sealable liquid outlet 1211 on the outer casing 121, the phase change material component 122, after absorbing heat and transforming into a liquid state, can be discharged through the liquid outlet 1211, reducing the risk of pyrolysis products accumulating inside the battery device 100. This helps to reduce the risk of accelerated thermal propagation due to the accumulation of pyrolysis products, effectively suppressing thermal diffusion, and improving the charge and discharge performance and safety of the battery device 100; by providing an air inlet 1213 on the outer casing 121 and a support member 123 inside the receiving cavity 1212, when the liquid phase change material component 122 is discharged from the receiving cavity 1212 through the liquid outlet 1211, the outer casing 1212 is protected. Under atmospheric pressure, ambient air can be drawn into the receiving cavity 1212 from the air inlet 1213, filling the cavity 1212 with air, increasing the contact thermal resistance, and effectively suppressing heat diffusion. Furthermore, by configuring the support member 123 as an elastic member, the risk of deformation of the outer shell 121 is reduced, the smoothness of the discharge of the liquid phase change material 122 and the intake of air are improved, and the stability of the support member 123 in supporting the outer shell 121 is enhanced. This helps maintain the stability of the contact thermal resistance, ensuring a stable effect in delaying thermal runaway. Simultaneously, when the battery cell 110 expands, the elastic member can be compressed to absorb the expansion of the battery cell 110. This reduces the risk of damage to the battery device 100. By using the solid phase change material component 122 to seal the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, the risk of dust and other debris entering the containment cavity 1212 can be reduced. On the other hand, there is no need to set up additional sealing components for sealing the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, which helps to simplify the structural complexity of the heat insulation component 120 and reduce the production and assembly cost of the heat insulation component 120. Furthermore, when the phase change material component 122 changes from solid to liquid, it can automatically open the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, effectively improving the convenience of opening the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211.

[0061] For example, multiple battery cells 110 can be arranged to form a single-layer or multi-layer structure. A heat insulation component 120 can be provided between two adjacent battery cells 110. The heat insulation component 120 can reduce the heat transfer efficiency between adjacent battery cells 110. Specifically, the heat insulation component 120 includes a housing 121 and a phase change material component 122. A receiving cavity 1212 is formed in the housing 121 so that the housing 121 can have space for placing the phase change material component 122, so that the phase change material component 122 can be arranged in the housing 121. The housing 121 can be used to support and house the phase change material component 122, reducing the risk of leakage of the phase change material component 122 after it changes from solid to liquid state, which may cause a short circuit in the battery device 100.

[0062] When a battery cell 110 experiences thermal runaway, the heat from the battery cell 110 can be transferred to the phase change material component 122 through the casing 121. The phase change material component 122 can quickly absorb the heat to prevent the heat from being transferred to the battery cell 110 under normal conditions, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0063] Please combine Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 as well as Figures 14 to 18 ,in, Figure 8 for Figure 6 A magnified view at point C. Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component 120 provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 2 , Figure 11 for Figure 10 Sectional view at DD, Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view at point E, Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component 120 provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 3 , Figure 15 for Figure 14 Sectional view at GG Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component 120 provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 4 , Figure 17 for Figure 16 Sectional view at HH Figure 18 for Figure 17Enlarged view at point I. The air inlet 1213 can be located on the upper part of the outer casing 121, and the liquid outlet 1211 can be located on the lower part of the outer casing 121. Both the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211 are connected to the receiving cavity 1212. When the temperature has not reached the temperature at which the phase change material 122 undergoes a phase change, the phase change material 122 is in a solid state, which can solidly fill the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, thus sealing them. This reduces the risk of dust and other debris entering the receiving cavity 1212 through the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, improving the performance of the heat insulation component 120. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for additional sealing components for the air inlet 1213 and the air outlet, effectively simplifying the structural complexity of the heat insulation component 120, simplifying the component structure of the heat insulation component 120, and reducing the production and assembly costs of the heat insulation component 120.

[0064] When the temperature reaches the phase change material component 122, the phase change material component 122 transforms from a solid to a liquid state and can be discharged from the receiving cavity 1212 through the liquid outlet 1211 under the action of gravity. The phase change material component 122 automatically releases the blockage of the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, so as to realize the automatic opening of the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, improving the convenience of opening the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211. At the same time, the liquid phase change material component 122 can be discharged through the liquid outlet 1211, reducing the risk of the phase change material component 122 generating pyrolysis products and the accumulation of pyrolysis products in the battery device 100. This helps to reduce the risk of forming a thermal barrier due to the accumulation of pyrolysis products, reduce the accumulation of heat in the battery device 100, effectively suppress the spread of thermal runaway, and improve the charging and discharging performance and safety of the battery device 100.

[0065] During the discharge of the phase change material component 122, a cavity is gradually formed in the receiving cavity 1212, so that the air pressure in the receiving cavity 1212 is lower than the external atmospheric pressure. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the outside air can be automatically drawn into the receiving cavity 1212 through the air inlet 1213, so as to balance the air pressure inside and outside the receiving cavity 1212.

[0066] Therefore, when the phase change material component 122 is discharged from the receiving cavity 1212, air can be automatically filled into the receiving cavity 1212 to increase the contact thermal resistance and suppress heat diffusion.

[0067] Furthermore, considering that when the air pressure inside the containment cavity 1212 is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the outer shell 121 is easily deformed or collapsed under pressure, resulting in a reduction in the volume inside the containment cavity 1212 and easy blockage of the liquid outlet 1211 and the air inlet 1213, this application further provides a support member 123 inside the containment cavity 1212. By supporting the outer shell 121 with the support member 123, the risk of deformation or collapse of the outer shell 121 can be effectively reduced, ensuring the volume of the containment cavity 1212. At the same time, it can reduce the risk of blockage of the liquid outlet 1211 and the air inlet 1213, thereby improving the smoothness of the discharge of the liquid phase change material component 122 and the intake of air.

[0068] Meanwhile, since the support is configured as an elastic element, it is beneficial to improve the stability of the support 123 supporting the outer casing 121, thereby helping to maintain the stability of the contact thermal resistance and making the effect of delaying thermal runaway stable. At the same time, when the battery cell 110 expands, the elastic element can be compressed to absorb the expansion of the battery cell 110 and reduce the risk of damage to the battery device 100.

[0069] In some specific examples, the phase change material component 122 can be selected from high enthalpy phase change materials with an adjustable melting point of 60℃-120℃ (for example, high enthalpy phase change materials can be organic, inorganic or metal alloys, among which, organic materials can be high carbon paraffin, fatty acids or dicarboxylic acids, inorganic materials can be hydrated salts or molten salts, and metal alloys can be aluminum, silicon or copper alloys, etc.), with a phase change enthalpy greater than 160J / g, and can instantaneously consume more than 80% of the incident heat flux through the latent heat absorption mechanism.

[0070] It is understandable that the specific type of material forming the phase change material component 122 can be determined according to actual production needs, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0071] In some specific examples, the support 123 can be made of an elastic memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium based alloy (e.g., Ti-Ni nickel-titanium alloy) to improve the overall performance of the support 123 (e.g., shape memory effect, superelasticity, and corrosion resistance). The performance of the support 123 can be further adjusted by adding elements (e.g., copper, vanadium, and aluminum).

[0072] Please combine Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments of this application, the support member 123 is embedded within the solid phase change material member 122.

[0073] In the above technical solution, by embedding the support member 123 into the solid phase change material member 122, on the one hand, the solid phase change material member 122 can constrain the support member 123. When the phase change material member 122 changes from solid to liquid, the support member 123 can release elastic force to support the outer shell 121, reducing the risk of deformation or collapse of the outer shell 121. On the other hand, there is no need to design separate spaces for setting the phase change material member 122 and the elastic member in the receiving cavity 1212, which is beneficial to improving the assembly convenience of the heat insulation component 120.

[0074] For example, the phase change material 122 is filled in the receiving cavity 1212, and when the phase change material 122 is solid, the solid phase change material 122 can support the outer shell 121 to reduce the risk of deformation or collapse of the outer shell 121. At the same time, the solid phase change material 122 can compress the support 123 embedded therein, so that the support 123 has a tendency to recover its deformation.

[0075] When the phase change material component 122 absorbs heat and transforms into a liquid state, the constraint effect of the phase change material component 122 on the support component 123 disappears, the support component 123 recovers its deformation and can support the outer shell 121, thereby improving the volume stability of the receiving cavity 1212, reducing the risk of deformation or collapse of the outer shell 121, and reducing the risk of blockage of the liquid outlet 1211 and the liquid inlet, and improving the smoothness of the discharge of the liquid phase change material component 122 and the intake of air.

[0076] Furthermore, since the support member 123 can be embedded in the phase change material member 122, there is no need to design partitions within the receiving cavity 1212, which effectively improves the assembly convenience of the heat insulation component 120 and helps to make the structural strength of the heat insulation component 120 uniform.

[0077] Combination Figures 10 to 13 ,in, Figure 13 for Figure 12 Enlarged view at point F. In some embodiments of this application, the heat insulation component 120 further includes a heat-insulating layer 1231, which covers the outer surface of the support member 123.

[0078] In the above technical solution, by setting a heat-insulating layer 1231 on the outer surface of the support 123, the contact thermal resistance is increased, and the heat transfer to the support 123 is suppressed, which helps to reduce the heat conduction efficiency and further reduce the risk of chain thermal runaway of the battery cell 110, thereby improving safety.

[0079] Combination Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments of this application, the support member 123 is corrugated or honeycomb-shaped.

[0080] In the above technical solution, by constructing the support member 123 as corrugated or honeycomb, it is beneficial to achieve uniform support of the support member 123 on the outer shell 121, and at the same time, it is beneficial to improve the elastic deformation capacity and buffer energy absorption effect of the support member 123, and stably maintain the contact thermal resistance between the support member 123 and the outer shell 121.

[0081] For example, the support member 123 is constructed as a corrugated or honeycomb shape extending along the circumferential direction of the outer shell 121. When the support member 123 is compressed, the support member 123 can deform as a whole to achieve uniform support of the outer shell 121 by the support member 123. Furthermore, the size of the contact area between the support member 123 and the outer shell 121 is relatively stable, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the contact thermal resistance. This, in turn, helps to improve the stability of the effect of the thermal insulation component 120 in delaying the spread of thermal runaway.

[0082] In some specific examples, the support 123 can be formed by combining a high-temperature resistant silicon-based elastomer with an Inconel alloy corrugated sheet to form a corrugated support 123. The corrugated sheet can be arranged periodically (e.g., the wavelength of the corrugated sheet is 5mm-10mm and the amplitude is 2mm-5mm). When the support 123 is subjected to thermal expansion or mechanical vibration, it can release stress through a maximum elastic deformation of 15%. In addition, the support 123 has interconnected pores (porosity of 30%-50%) inside so that the support 123 can simultaneously form a dynamic thermal barrier.

[0083] Combination Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments of this application, the support 123 is configured as a closed loop.

[0084] In the above technical solution, by constructing the support member 123 as a closed loop, it is convenient for the support member 123 to deform and to improve the stability of the support member 123 during deformation. At the same time, it is convenient to embed the support member 123 into the solid phase change material member 122, thereby improving the assembly convenience of the heat insulation component 120.

[0085] In other words, the support member 123 can be constructed as a closed loop connected end to end. When the support member 123 is compressed or expanded, the stress on the support member 123 is evenly distributed along its circumferential direction, which can effectively reduce the risk of stress concentration and reduce the risk of local warping, making the deformation path smooth and the deformation resistance reduced. Therefore, it can effectively improve the convenience of deformation of the support member 123 and the stability during deformation.

[0086] Furthermore, since the closed-loop support 123 does not form sharp corners or other structures, the phase change material can smoothly wrap the support 123 when it is embedded in the solid phase change material. This improves the convenience of embedding the support 123 into the solid phase change material 122, thereby improving the assembly convenience of the thermal insulation assembly 120.

[0087] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the phase change material 122 ranges from 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0088] It should be noted that the "thickness of the phase change material component 122" can be understood as the dimension in the direction extending from the side close to the battery cell 110 to the side away from the battery cell 110.

[0089] In the above technical solution, by designing the thickness of the phase change material, firstly, the heat absorption capacity of the phase change material component 122 can be improved; secondly, the phase change efficiency of the phase change material component 122 can be improved; and thirdly, the opening of the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211 can be facilitated.

[0090] Specifically, if the thickness of the phase change material component 122 is less than 1 mm, the phase change material component 122 will be too thin, resulting in insufficient total heat absorption of the phase change material component 122. This will lead to poor heat diffusion delay effect of the phase change material component 122, affecting the performance of the heat insulation component 120.

[0091] If the thickness of the phase change material component 122 is greater than 3mm, it will result in the phase change material component 122 being too thick, and the efficiency of the phase change material component 122 in changing from solid to liquid will be low. This will easily lead to low opening efficiency of the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, which will in turn easily lead to the accumulation of pyrolysis products in the casing 121. The pyrolysis products will quickly transfer the heat of the battery cell 110 that has experienced thermal runaway to the battery cell 110 in the normal state, triggering a chain of runaway of the battery device 100.

[0092] Combination Figures 10 to 13 In some embodiments of this application, the housing 121 includes at least an insulating buffer layer 1214.

[0093] In the above technical solution, by including an insulating buffer layer 1214 in the outer casing 121, the outer casing 121 can electrically isolate adjacent battery cells 110, effectively reducing the risk of short circuits or sparking. At the same time, it is beneficial to further reduce heat conduction efficiency and delay the spread of thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery device 100.

[0094] In some examples, the insulating buffer layer 1214 can be constructed as a ceramicized silicone rubber layer, the volume resistivity of which is in the range of 10. 12Ω·cm-10 15 The volume resistivity of the buffer layer 1214 can be increased to Ω·cm to effectively improve its insulation performance. Furthermore, the ceramicized silicone rubber layer can transform from a soft, elastic rubber state to a hard, dense, and insulating ceramic-like solid at high temperatures. After ablation at 500℃-1000℃, its volume resistivity can reach 10 Ω·cm. 7 Ω·cm-10 11 Ω·cm, meaning that constructing the buffer layer 1214 as a ceramicized silicone rubber layer allows the buffer layer 1214 to still have insulation properties at high temperatures, thus ensuring the insulation performance of the buffer layer 1214 at high temperatures. In addition, the ceramicized silicone rubber layer also has good sealing properties, which can provide an IPX8 level waterproof seal, reducing the risk of leakage of liquid phase change material component 122 from the outer shell 121. At the same time, the ceramicized silicone rubber layer also has buffering and heat insulation functions, which can not only buffer vibration and impact, but also effectively improve the heat insulation effect of the outer shell 121 and suppress heat diffusion.

[0095] In some specific examples, an insulating buffer layer 1214 is provided between two adjacent battery cells 110, and the buffer layer 1214 can be configured to have a volume resistivity of 10. 14 A ceramicized silicone rubber layer with a resistivity of Ω·cm is used to ensure that the buffer layer 1214 maintains a high resistivity in high and low temperature cycling environments; in other specific examples, an insulating buffer layer 1214 is provided between adjacent battery devices 100, and the buffer layer 1214 can be configured to have a volume resistivity of 10 Ω·cm. 13 A ceramicized silicone rubber layer with an Ω·cm thickness is used to reduce the risk of static electricity buildup.

[0096] It is understood that the above-mentioned buffer layer 1214 is constructed as a ceramicized silicone rubber layer, which is only an example given in this application and should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The specific material of the buffer layer 1214 can be determined according to actual production requirements, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0097] Combination Figures 10 to 13 In some embodiments of this application, the outer shell 121 includes a heat insulation layer 1215 and an encapsulation layer 1216. The heat insulation layer 1215 is disposed inside the buffer layer 1214 and defines the inner peripheral wall of the receiving cavity 1212. The encapsulation layer 1216 is located on the side of the buffer layer 1214 opposite to the heat insulation layer 1215.

[0098] In the above technical solution, by setting a heat insulation layer 1215 that defines the inner peripheral wall of the cavity 1212, it is beneficial to improve the heat insulation effect of the outer shell 121, improve the effect of the heat insulation component 120 in suppressing heat diffusion, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 110 under normal conditions. By setting an encapsulation layer 1216, it is possible to protect the heat insulation layer 1215 and the buffer layer 1214, and at the same time, it is beneficial to increase the contact thermal resistance, so as to further improve the heat insulation effect of the outer shell 121 and delay heat spread.

[0099] In some examples, the heat insulation layer 1215 and the aforementioned heat-insulating layer 1231 can both be formed from flexible silicone mica. Flexible silicone mica has excellent electrical insulation and high temperature resistance. Specifically, flexible silicone mica can withstand high temperatures of 500℃-800℃, effectively reducing the risk of the heat insulation layer 1215 and the heat-insulating layer 1231 being heated to the point of melting. At the same time, flexible silicone mica has a low thermal conductivity, which can reduce heat transfer efficiency, thereby improving the heat insulation effect and enhancing the heat insulation component 120's ability to suppress heat diffusion.

[0100] In other examples, the heat-insulating layer 1231 may also be composed of alternating layers of silicon dioxide, polyimide, glass fiber, or multilayer ceramic fiber felt with aluminum silicate fiber felt to improve contact thermal resistance.

[0101] In some examples, the encapsulation layer 1216 can be constructed as a PI film (i.e., polyimide film). PI film has good high-temperature resistance and can still provide insulation at high temperatures. This can not only effectively reduce the risk of the encapsulation layer 1216 melting due to high temperatures, but also improve the overall insulation performance of the casing 121 and reduce the risk of short circuits. In other examples, the encapsulation layer 1216 can be constructed as a PET film (i.e., polyethylene terephthalate film). PET film is inexpensive and has good insulation performance at room temperature. This can improve the overall insulation performance of the casing 121 while reducing the production cost of the casing 121, thereby helping to reduce the production cost of the heat insulation component 120 of the battery device 100.

[0102] It is understood that the specific materials of the heat-insulating layer 1231, the heat-insulating layer 1215 and the encapsulation layer 1216 mentioned above are merely examples given in this application and should not be construed as limiting this application. The specific material configuration of the heat-insulating layer 1215 and the encapsulation layer 1216 can be determined according to actual production requirements and is not specifically limited here.

[0103] In some other embodiments of this application, the outer shell 121 can be constructed as a composite matrix of ceramic fiber and aerogel. The ceramic fiber has high temperature stability and can serve as a supporting skeleton. The aerogel fills the fiber pores and forms a nanoscale porous structure, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity (up to 0.018 W / (m·K) at room temperature) through the Knudsen effect (also known as the Knudsen effect or Knudsen effect), thereby suppressing heat diffusion.

[0104] Therefore, by designing the thermal insulation component 120, a closed-loop control mechanism for heat flux density, phase change response, and stress release was established, which was effective when the local heat flux exceeded 5 MW / m². 2 At the same time, the heat insulation component 120 can effectively reduce the rate of heat spread through the phase change heat absorption of the phase change material component 122 and the synergistic effect of the elastic deformation of the support component 123. Compared with the traditional heat insulation structure, the heat insulation component 120 of this application can reduce the rate of heat spread by less than 1 / 3.

[0105] Furthermore, the thermal insulation component 120 of this application can be adapted to different application conditions by adjusting the melting point of the phase change material, the modulus of the support 123 (e.g., adjustable from 0.1 GPa to 1.0 GPa), and the thickness ratio between the layers of the thermal insulation component 120.

[0106] Combination Figures 3 to 6 or Figures 19 to 21 ,in, Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device 100 provided in other embodiments of this application Figure 1 , Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery device 100 provided in other embodiments of this application Figure 2 , Figure 21 for Figure 20 Cross-sectional view at JJ. In some embodiments of this application, each battery cell 110 is provided with a corresponding heat insulation component 120.

[0107] In the above technical solution, by providing a heat insulation component 120 for each battery cell 110, the heat transfer between adjacent battery cells 110 is delayed, reducing the risk of chain thermal runaway in the battery device 100. At the same time, each battery cell 110 can be buffered and vibration-damped to prevent the battery cells 110 from squeezing each other, reducing the risk of damage to the battery cells 110 and improving the safety of the battery device 100.

[0108] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 as well as Figures 14 to 16 ,in, Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the heat insulation component 120 provided in some embodiments of this application Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, each thermal insulation component 120 is overlaid on the battery cell 110.

[0109] In the above technical solution, by having the heat insulation component 120 wrapped around the battery cell 110, it is not only convenient to position and assemble the heat insulation component 120 and the battery cell 110, but also to effectively improve the heat insulation component 120's effect of blocking the heat of the battery cell 110, fully suppressing heat diffusion, and reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 110 causing thermal runaway in the normal state.

[0110] For example, the heat insulation component 120 can be formed as a cylindrical structure and define an installation space. The installation space can be used to arrange the battery cell 110. When the battery cell 110 is arranged in the installation space, the heat insulation component 120 can wrap the battery cell 110 in the circumferential direction to provide all-round heat insulation in the circumferential direction of the battery cell 110, thereby improving the effect of the heat insulation component 120 in suppressing heat diffusion.

[0111] Furthermore, this arrangement also allows for the sandwiching of two layers of heat insulation components 120 between adjacent battery cells 110 in the first direction X, thereby further reducing the efficiency of heat conduction, effectively reducing mutual heat transfer between adjacent battery cells 110, and improving the buffering and vibration reduction effect on battery cells 110, reducing the risk of damage to battery cells 110 due to vibration or external impact, and extending the service life of the battery device 100.

[0112] Combination Figures 19 to 22 ,in, Figure 22 The following are schematic diagrams of the structure of the heat insulation component 120 provided in other embodiments of this application. In other embodiments of this application, the battery cell 110 includes a first sidewall 111 disposed opposite to each other in a first direction X. The first sidewall 111 is the sidewall with the largest area of ​​the battery cell 110, and the heat insulation component 120 is sandwiched between the first sidewalls 111 of adjacent battery cells 110.

[0113] In the above technical solution, by having the first sidewall 111 of the adjacent battery cells 110 clamp the heat insulation component 120, on the one hand, the heat insulation component 120 can suppress the heat conduction between the adjacent battery cells 110, on the other hand, it can reduce the material cost of the heat insulation component 120, and it is also beneficial to reduce the space occupied by the heat insulation component 120, which is beneficial to save more arrangement space for the battery cells 110, thereby improving the capacity of the battery device 100.

[0114] For example, the heat insulation component 120 can be constructed as a plate, with a heat insulation component 120 sandwiched between two adjacent battery cells 110, and the first sidewall 111 of the two battery cells 110 located at the ends in the first direction X, which are away from the other battery cells 110, can also be provided with the heat insulation component 120.

[0115] Since the first sidewall 111 of the battery cell 110 is the sidewall with the largest area, it means that the first sidewall 111 is the part of the battery cell 110 with the highest thermal conductivity. Therefore, by sandwiching the heat insulation component 120 between the first sidewalls 111 of adjacent battery cells 110, the main heat transfer between battery cells 110 can be effectively suppressed, and the efficiency of heat conduction between battery cells 110 can be reduced.

[0116] Furthermore, considering the limited internal space of the battery device 100, the above arrangement can effectively reduce the volume of the heat insulation component 120, thereby reducing the space occupied by the heat insulation component 120 inside the battery device 100. This can save more space for the battery cell 110 within the limited space, which is beneficial to increasing the capacity and performance of the battery device 100.

[0117] Combination Figures 10 to 13 In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 further includes an adhesive 140, which is disposed on the housing 121 of the heat insulation component 120 so that the heat insulation component 120 can be fixedly assembled with the battery cell 110 by adhesive bonding, which effectively improves the assembly reliability of the heat insulation component 120 and the battery cell 110, reduces the difficulty of fixing the heat insulation component 120 and the battery cell 110, improves assembly efficiency, and helps to reduce assembly costs.

[0118] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 further includes a base plate 130, on which a plurality of battery cells 110 are supported. The base plate 130 is provided with a drain channel 131 communicating with the liquid outlet 1211.

[0119] In the above technical solution, by setting a base plate 130, the positioning and installation of multiple battery cells 110 can be facilitated. By setting a drain channel 131 on the base plate 130 that communicates with the liquid outlet 1211, the liquid phase change material component 122 can be discharged from the battery device 100 through the drain channel 131, thereby reducing the risk of phase change material pyrolysis and accumulation in the battery device 100, which helps to reduce the risk of accelerated heat spread due to the accumulation of pyrolysis products.

[0120] For example, multiple battery cells 110 are arranged sequentially along the first direction X and supported on the base plate 130. The multiple battery cells 110 can be fixedly connected to the base plate 130 by structural adhesive to improve the assembly reliability between the multiple battery cells 110 and the base plate 130, so that the base plate 130 can effectively support the multiple battery cells 110.

[0121] Furthermore, a drain channel 131 is provided on the base plate 130. The drain channel 131 can extend along the first direction X, and the same drain channel 131 can connect to multiple outlets 1211 of multiple heat insulation components 120 arranged sequentially and at intervals along the first direction X. That is to say, the outlets 1211 of multiple heat insulation components 120 arranged along the first direction X can share the same drain channel 131. On the one hand, this facilitates the discharge of liquid phase change material 122 through the drain channel 131, and on the other hand, it also helps to simplify the structure of the base plate 130 and reduce the difficulty of production and assembly of the base plate 130.

[0122] Alternatively, in other examples, the base plate 130 may be provided with multiple drainage channels 131, each of which may extend perpendicularly to the first direction X and correspond one-to-one with multiple outlets 1211. This not only facilitates the discharge of the liquid phase change material component 122, but also improves the flow order of the liquid phase change material component 122 and reduces the risk of backflow.

[0123] It is understood that the above arrangement of the drainage channel 131 is merely an example for ease of understanding and should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The specific arrangement of the drainage channel 131 can be determined according to actual production requirements and is not specifically limited here.

[0124] In some embodiments of this application, the drain channel 131 is located inside the base plate 130, the base plate 130 is provided with a communication port, and the outlet 1211 is connected to the drain channel 131 through the communication port.

[0125] In the above technical solution, by setting the drain channel 131 inside the base plate 130, the space inside the base plate 130 is fully utilized, eliminating the need for additional space to arrange the drain channel 131 within the battery device 100. This saves more space for the battery cells 110 and helps to increase the capacity of the battery device 100. By connecting the outlet 1211 to the drain channel 131 through a connecting port, the convenience of communication between the outlet 1211 and the drain channel 131 is improved, simplifying the structure of the battery device 100 and reducing the production cost of the battery device 100.

[0126] For example, the battery cell 110 and the casing 121 can be fixedly connected to the base plate 130 by structural adhesive. The structural adhesive can also seal the outlet 1211 and the connection port, thereby improving the convenience of communication between the outlet 1211 and the drainage channel 131, effectively reducing the risk of leakage of the liquid phase change material component 122, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit in the battery device 100 and improving the safety of the battery device 100.

[0127] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some other embodiments of this application, the outlet 1211 is provided with a guide tube 124, which passes through the communication port so that the outlet 1211 is connected to the drainage channel 131.

[0128] In the above technical solution, by setting the guide pipe 124, the heat insulation component 120 can be positioned and installed with the base plate 130 through the guide pipe 124. At the same time, it helps to reduce the risk of leakage of the liquid phase change material component 122, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit in the battery device 100 and improving the safety of the battery device 100.

[0129] For example, the guide tube 124 extends vertically from the outer casing 121 toward the base plate 130, and the guide tube 124 can be inserted into the base plate 130 through the connecting port and extend into the drain channel 131. This arrangement allows the heat insulation component 120 to be positioned and installed with the base plate 130 through the guide tube 124, and can also reduce the risk of leakage of the liquid phase change material component 122 from the gap between the base plate 130 and the outer casing 121, thereby helping to reduce the risk of short circuit in the battery device 100 and improve the safety of the battery device 100.

[0130] In some embodiments of this application, the inner wall of the drainage channel 131 is provided with a non-stick coating.

[0131] In the above technical solution, by providing a non-stick coating on the inner wall of the drain channel 131, the smoothness of the discharge of the high-temperature viscous liquid formed after the phase change material component 122 changes from solid to liquid is improved, and the risk of blockage of the drain channel 131 due to the high-temperature viscous liquid adhering to the wall is reduced.

[0132] In some examples, the non-stick coating can be configured as a ceramic coating, which not only has high temperature resistance but also effectively reduces the risk of high-temperature viscous liquids sticking to the walls and improves the smoothness of drainage.

[0133] It is understandable that non-stick coatings can also be configured as other types of coatings, and the specific type can be determined according to actual production requirements, without making specific limitations here.

[0134] In some embodiments of this application, at least a portion of the bottom wall of the drainage channel 131 is inclined downwards.

[0135] In the above technical solution, by tilting at least part of the bottom wall of the drainage channel 131 downwards, the phase change material 122 that has been converted into a liquid state can be discharged quickly under the action of gravity, thereby improving the smoothness and efficiency of discharge.

[0136] For example, the base plate 130 is also provided with a drain port communicating with the drain channel 131. The liquid phase change material 122 entering the drain channel 131 can be discharged from the drain channel 131 through the drain port. In the direction of the drain channel 131 extending from the connecting port to the drain port, the bottom wall of the drain channel 131 gradually slopes downward. The liquid phase change material 122 in the drain channel 131 can flow quickly to the drain port under the action of gravity and the guiding action of the bottom wall of the drain channel 131, so as to improve the smoothness and efficiency of the discharge of the liquid phase change material 122, reduce the risk of the liquid phase change material 122 accumulating in the drain channel 131, and at the same time, there is no need to set up an additional driving component for driving the flow of the liquid phase change material 122, which effectively simplifies the structure of the battery device 100 and improves the reliability of the flow of the liquid phase change material 122.

[0137] In some embodiments of this application, a liquid collecting element is provided on the outside of the battery device 100, and a liquid collecting cavity is formed inside the liquid collecting element. The drain port can communicate with the liquid collecting cavity so that the liquid phase change material 122 can be discharged into the liquid collecting cavity through the drain channel 131 and collected by the liquid collecting element, so as to physically isolate the liquid phase change material 122 from the battery device 100 and prevent the battery device 100 from being corroded or short-circuited.

[0138] In other embodiments, a safety discharge area may also be provided outside the battery device 100. The safety discharge area may be located outside the electrical device 1000. The liquid phase change material 122 can be discharged into the safety discharge area through the drain channel 131 to physically isolate the liquid phase change material 122 from the battery device 100, preventing the battery device 100 from being corroded or short-circuited.

[0139] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 is provided with a temperature sensor, which can be used to detect the temperature of the battery cell 110. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature has reached the thermal runaway temperature of the battery cell 110, the temperature sensor can send a signal to the battery management system. The battery management system can control the activation of other measures to suppress heat diffusion (e.g., the battery cooling system can be activated to cool the battery device 100, or a warning can be issued to the user) to further improve the safety of the battery device 100.

[0140] In some other embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 is provided with a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure at the bottom of the battery device 100 to detect whether the battery cell 110 has thermal runaway and triggers the discharge of the liquid phase change material 122. The pressure sensor can also send a signal to the battery management system, which can control the activation of other measures to suppress heat diffusion (e.g., the battery cooling system can be activated to cool the battery device 100, or a warning can be issued to the user) to further improve the safety of the battery device 100.

[0141] Combination Figures 9 to 11 as well as Figures 14 to 17 According to an embodiment of this application, the heat insulation component 120 includes: a housing 121, a phase change material component 122, and a support component 123. The housing 121 has a receiving cavity 1212. The housing 121 has a liquid outlet 1211 communicating with the receiving cavity 1212 and an air inlet 1213 communicating with the receiving cavity 1212. The air inlet 1213 is located above the liquid outlet 1211. The liquid outlet 1211 is configured to be openable or blocked. The phase change material component 122 is disposed within the receiving cavity 1212. The phase change material component 122 is configured to undergo a phase change between a liquid and a solid state. When the phase change material component 122 is in a solid state, it blocks the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211. When the phase change material component 122 is in a liquid state, it opens the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, and the liquid phase change material component 122 can be discharged through the liquid outlet 1211. The support component 123 is an elastic component and is disposed in the receiving cavity 1212 to support the outer shell 121.

[0142] In the above technical solution, the phase change material component 122 can absorb heat and transform from a solid to a liquid state to reduce the efficiency of heat conduction, thereby delaying the spread of thermal runaway. By providing an openable or sealable liquid outlet 1211 on the outer shell 121, the phase change material component 122 can be discharged through the liquid outlet 1211 after absorbing heat and transforming into a liquid state, reducing the risk of pyrolysis product accumulation. This helps to reduce the risk of accelerated heat spread due to pyrolysis product accumulation and effectively suppresses heat diffusion. By providing an air inlet 1213 on the outer shell 121 and a support member 123 inside the receiving cavity 1212, when the liquid phase change material component 122 is discharged from the receiving cavity 1212 through the liquid outlet 1211, outside air can be drawn into the receiving cavity 1212 from the air inlet 1213 under atmospheric pressure, filling the receiving cavity 1212 with air, increasing contact thermal resistance, and effectively suppressing heat diffusion. Furthermore, by configuring the support member 123 as an elastic member, ... This reduces the risk of deformation of the outer shell 121, improves the smoothness of the discharge of the liquid phase change material component 122 and the intake of air, and helps to improve the stability of the support component 123 supporting the outer shell 121, thereby helping to maintain the stability of the contact thermal resistance and making the effect of delaying thermal runaway stable. At the same time, the elastic component can be compressed to absorb the expansion. By sealing the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211 with the solid phase change material component 122, the risk of dust and other debris entering the receiving cavity 1212 can be reduced. On the other hand, there is no need to set up additional sealing components for sealing the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, which helps to simplify the structural complexity of the heat insulation component 120 and reduce the production and assembly cost of the heat insulation component 120. Furthermore, when the phase change material component 122 changes from solid to liquid, it can automatically open the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, effectively improving the convenience of opening the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211.

[0143] For example, the thermal insulation component 120 can be disposed between at least two adjacent battery cells 110. When a battery cell 110 experiences thermal runaway, the heat of the battery cell 110 can be transferred to the phase change material component 122 through the outer casing 121. The phase change material component 122 can quickly absorb the heat to prevent the heat from being transferred to the battery cell 110 in a normal state, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0144] Please combine Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 as well as Figures 14 to 18The air inlet 1213 can be located on the upper part of the outer shell 121, and the liquid outlet 1211 can be located on the lower part of the outer shell 121. The air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211 are respectively connected to the receiving cavity 1212. When the temperature does not reach the temperature at which the phase change material 122 undergoes a phase change, the phase change material 122 is in a solid state, which can solidly fill the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211 to seal the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, reducing the risk of dust and other debris entering the receiving cavity 1212 through the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, improving the performance of the heat insulation component 120. At the same time, there is no need to set additional sealing parts for the air inlet 1213 and the air outlet to seal them, effectively simplifying the structural complexity of the heat insulation component 120, simplifying the component structure of the heat insulation component 120, and reducing the production and assembly cost of the heat insulation component 120.

[0145] When the temperature reaches the phase change material component 122, the phase change material component 122 transforms from a solid to a liquid state and can be discharged from the receiving cavity 1212 through the liquid outlet 1211 under the action of gravity. The phase change material component 122 automatically releases the blockage of the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, so as to realize the automatic opening of the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, improving the convenience of opening the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211. At the same time, the liquid phase change material component 122 can be discharged through the liquid outlet 1211, reducing the risk of the phase change material component 122 generating pyrolysis products and the accumulation of pyrolysis products in the battery device 100. This helps to reduce the risk of forming a thermal barrier due to the accumulation of pyrolysis products, reduce the accumulation of heat in the battery device 100, effectively suppress the spread of thermal runaway, and improve the charging and discharging performance and safety of the battery device 100.

[0146] During the discharge of the phase change material component 122, a cavity is gradually formed in the receiving cavity 1212, so that the air pressure in the receiving cavity 1212 is lower than the external atmospheric pressure. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the outside air can be automatically drawn into the receiving cavity 1212 through the air inlet 1213, so as to balance the air pressure inside and outside the receiving cavity 1212.

[0147] Therefore, when the phase change material component 122 is discharged from the receiving cavity 1212, air can be automatically filled into the receiving cavity 1212 to increase the contact thermal resistance and suppress heat diffusion.

[0148] Furthermore, considering that when the air pressure inside the containment cavity 1212 is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the outer shell 121 is easily deformed or collapsed under pressure, resulting in a reduction in the volume inside the containment cavity 1212 and easy blockage of the liquid outlet 1211 and the air inlet 1213, this application further provides a support member 123 inside the containment cavity 1212. By supporting the outer shell 121 with the support member 123, the risk of deformation or collapse of the outer shell 121 can be effectively reduced, ensuring the volume of the containment cavity 1212. At the same time, it can reduce the risk of blockage of the liquid outlet 1211 and the air inlet 1213, thereby improving the smoothness of the discharge of the liquid phase change material component 122 and the intake of air.

[0149] Meanwhile, since the support is configured as an elastic element, it is beneficial to improve the stability of the support 123 supporting the outer casing 121, thereby helping to maintain the stability of the contact thermal resistance and making the effect of delaying thermal runaway stable. At the same time, when the battery cell 110 expands, the elastic element can be compressed to absorb the expansion of the battery cell 110 and reduce the risk of damage to the battery device 100.

[0150] In some specific examples, the support 123 can be made of an elastic memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium based alloy (e.g., Ti-Ni nickel-titanium alloy) to improve the overall performance of the support 123 (e.g., shape memory effect, superelasticity, and corrosion resistance). The performance of the support 123 can be further adjusted by adding elements (e.g., copper, vanadium, and aluminum).

[0151] Please combine Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments of this application, the support member 123 is embedded within the solid phase change material member 122.

[0152] In the above technical solution, by embedding the support member 123 into the solid phase change material member 122, on the one hand, the solid phase change material member 122 can constrain the support member 123. When the phase change material member 122 changes from solid to liquid, the support member 123 can release elastic force to support the outer shell 121, reducing the risk of deformation or collapse of the outer shell 121. On the other hand, there is no need to design separate spaces for setting the phase change material member 122 and the elastic member in the receiving cavity 1212, which is beneficial to improving the assembly convenience of the heat insulation component 120.

[0153] For example, the phase change material 122 is filled in the receiving cavity 1212, and when the phase change material 122 is solid, the solid phase change material 122 can support the outer shell 121 to reduce the risk of deformation or collapse of the outer shell 121. At the same time, the solid phase change material 122 can compress the support 123 embedded therein, so that the support 123 has a tendency to recover its deformation.

[0154] When the phase change material component 122 absorbs heat and transforms into a liquid state, the constraint effect of the phase change material component 122 on the support component 123 disappears, the support component 123 recovers its deformation and can support the outer shell 121, thereby improving the volume stability of the receiving cavity 1212, reducing the risk of deformation or collapse of the outer shell 121, and reducing the risk of blockage of the liquid outlet 1211 and the liquid inlet, and improving the smoothness of the discharge of the liquid phase change material component 122 and the intake of air.

[0155] Furthermore, since the support member 123 can be embedded in the phase change material member 122, there is no need to design partitions within the receiving cavity 1212, which effectively improves the assembly convenience of the heat insulation component 120 and helps to make the structural strength of the heat insulation component 120 uniform.

[0156] Combination Figures 10 to 13 In some embodiments of this application, the heat insulation component 120 further includes a heat-insulating layer 1231, which covers the outer surface of the support member 123.

[0157] In the above technical solution, by setting a heat-insulating layer 1231 on the outer surface of the support 123, the contact thermal resistance is increased, and the heat transfer to the support 123 is suppressed, which helps to reduce the heat conduction efficiency and further reduce the risk of chain thermal runaway of the battery cell 110, thereby improving safety.

[0158] Combination Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments of this application, the support member 123 is corrugated or honeycomb-shaped.

[0159] In the above technical solution, by constructing the support member 123 as corrugated or honeycomb, it is beneficial to achieve uniform support of the support member 123 on the outer shell 121, and at the same time, it is beneficial to improve the elastic deformation capacity and buffer energy absorption effect of the support member 123, and stably maintain the contact thermal resistance between the support member 123 and the outer shell 121.

[0160] For example, the support member 123 is constructed as a corrugated or honeycomb shape extending along the circumferential direction of the outer shell 121. When the support member 123 is compressed, the support member 123 can deform as a whole to achieve uniform support of the outer shell 121 by the support member 123. Furthermore, the size of the contact area between the support member 123 and the outer shell 121 is relatively stable, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the contact thermal resistance. This, in turn, helps to improve the stability of the effect of the thermal insulation component 120 in delaying the spread of thermal runaway.

[0161] In some specific examples, the support 123 can be formed by combining a high-temperature resistant silicon-based elastomer with an Inconel alloy corrugated sheet to form a corrugated support 123. The corrugated sheet can be arranged periodically (e.g., the wavelength of the corrugated sheet is 5mm-10mm and the amplitude is 2mm-5mm). When the support 123 is subjected to thermal expansion or mechanical vibration, it can release stress through a maximum elastic deformation of 15%. In addition, the support 123 has interconnected pores (porosity of 30%-50%) inside so that the support 123 can simultaneously form a dynamic thermal barrier.

[0162] Combination Figures 10 to 12 In some embodiments of this application, the support 123 is configured as a closed loop.

[0163] In the above technical solution, by constructing the support member 123 as a closed loop, it is convenient for the support member 123 to deform and to improve the stability of the support member 123 during deformation. At the same time, it is convenient to embed the support member 123 into the solid phase change material member 122, thereby improving the assembly convenience of the heat insulation component 120.

[0164] In other words, the support member 123 can be constructed as a closed loop connected end to end. When the support member 123 is compressed or expanded, the stress on the support member 123 is evenly distributed along its circumferential direction, which can effectively reduce the risk of stress concentration and reduce the risk of local warping, making the deformation path smooth and the deformation resistance reduced. Therefore, it can effectively improve the convenience of deformation of the support member 123 and the stability during deformation.

[0165] Furthermore, since the closed-loop support 123 does not form sharp corners or other structures, the phase change material can smoothly wrap the support 123 when it is embedded in the solid phase change material. This improves the convenience of embedding the support 123 into the solid phase change material 122, thereby improving the assembly convenience of the thermal insulation assembly 120.

[0166] In some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the phase change material 122 ranges from 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0167] It should be noted that the "thickness of the phase change material component 122" can be understood as the dimension in the direction extending from the side close to the battery cell 110 to the side away from the battery cell 110.

[0168] In the above technical solution, by designing the thickness of the phase change material, firstly, the heat absorption capacity of the phase change material component 122 can be improved; secondly, the phase change efficiency of the phase change material component 122 can be improved; and thirdly, the opening of the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211 can be facilitated.

[0169] Specifically, if the thickness of the phase change material component 122 is less than 1 mm, the phase change material component 122 will be too thin, resulting in insufficient total heat absorption of the phase change material component 122. This will lead to poor heat diffusion delay effect of the phase change material component 122, affecting the performance of the heat insulation component 120.

[0170] If the thickness of the phase change material component 122 is greater than 3mm, it will result in the phase change material component 122 being too thick, and the efficiency of the phase change material component 122 in changing from solid to liquid will be low. This will easily lead to low opening efficiency of the air inlet 1213 and the liquid outlet 1211, which will in turn easily lead to the accumulation of pyrolysis products in the casing 121. The pyrolysis products will quickly transfer the heat of the battery cell 110 that has experienced thermal runaway to the battery cell 110 in the normal state, triggering a chain of runaway of the battery device 100.

[0171] Combination Figures 10 to 13 In some embodiments of this application, the housing 121 includes at least an insulating buffer layer 1214.

[0172] In the above technical solution, by including an insulating buffer layer 1214 in the outer casing 121, the outer casing 121 can electrically isolate adjacent battery cells 110, effectively reducing the risk of short circuits or sparking. At the same time, it is beneficial to further reduce heat conduction efficiency and delay the spread of thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery device 100.

[0173] In some examples, the insulating buffer layer 1214 can be constructed as a ceramicized silicone rubber layer, the volume resistivity of which can reach 10. 14 The resistivity is Ω·cm and above, which effectively improves the insulation performance of the buffer layer 1214. Furthermore, the ceramicized silicone rubber layer can transform from a soft, elastic rubber state to a hard, dense, and insulating ceramic-like solid at high temperatures. After ablation at 500℃-1000℃, its volume resistivity can reach 10 Ω·cm. 11 The temperature is Ω·cm or higher, meaning that constructing the buffer layer 1214 as a ceramicized silicone rubber layer allows the buffer layer 1214 to still have insulation properties at high temperatures, thus ensuring the insulation performance of the buffer layer 1214 at high temperatures. In addition, the ceramicized silicone rubber layer can also have good sealing properties, providing an IPX8 level waterproof seal, reducing the risk of leakage of liquid phase change material component 122 from the outer shell 121. At the same time, the ceramicized silicone rubber layer also has buffering and heat insulation functions, which can not only buffer vibration and impact, but also effectively improve the heat insulation effect of the outer shell 121 and suppress heat diffusion.

[0174] It is understood that the above-mentioned buffer layer 1214 is constructed as a ceramicized silicone rubber layer, which is only an example given in this application and should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The specific material of the buffer layer 1214 can be determined according to actual production requirements, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0175] Combination Figures 10 to 13 In some embodiments of this application, the outer shell 121 includes a heat insulation layer 1215 and an encapsulation layer 1216. The heat insulation layer 1215 is disposed inside the buffer layer 1214 and defines the inner peripheral wall of the receiving cavity 1212. The encapsulation layer 1216 is located on the side of the buffer layer 1214 opposite to the heat insulation layer 1215.

[0176] In the above technical solution, by setting a heat insulation layer 1215 that defines the inner peripheral wall of the cavity 1212, it is beneficial to improve the heat insulation effect of the outer shell 121, improve the effect of the heat insulation component 120 in suppressing heat diffusion, and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 110 under normal conditions. By setting an encapsulation layer 1216, it is possible to protect the heat insulation layer 1215 and the buffer layer 1214, and at the same time, it is beneficial to increase the contact thermal resistance, so as to further improve the heat insulation effect of the outer shell 121 and delay heat spread.

[0177] In some examples, the heat insulation layer 1215 and the aforementioned heat-insulating layer 1231 can both be formed from flexible silicone mica. Flexible silicone mica has excellent electrical insulation and high temperature resistance. Specifically, flexible silicone mica can withstand high temperatures of 500℃-800℃, effectively reducing the risk of the heat insulation layer 1215 and the heat-insulating layer 1231 being heated to the point of melting. At the same time, flexible silicone mica has a low thermal conductivity, which can reduce heat transfer efficiency, thereby improving the heat insulation effect and enhancing the heat insulation component 120's ability to suppress heat diffusion.

[0178] In other examples, the heat-insulating layer 1231 may also be composed of alternating layers of silicon dioxide, polyimide, glass fiber, or multilayer ceramic fiber felt with aluminum silicate fiber felt to improve contact thermal resistance.

[0179] In some examples, the encapsulation layer 1216 can be constructed as a PI film (i.e., polyimide film). PI film has good high-temperature resistance and can still provide insulation at high temperatures. This can not only effectively reduce the risk of the encapsulation layer 1216 melting due to high temperatures, but also improve the overall insulation performance of the casing 121 and reduce the risk of short circuits. In other examples, the encapsulation layer 1216 can be constructed as a PET film (i.e., polyethylene terephthalate film). PET film is inexpensive and has good insulation performance at room temperature. This can improve the overall insulation performance of the casing 121 while reducing the production cost of the casing 121, thereby helping to reduce the production cost of the heat insulation component 120 of the battery device 100.

[0180] It is understood that the specific materials of the heat-insulating layer 1231, the heat-insulating layer 1215 and the encapsulation layer 1216 mentioned above are merely examples given in this application and should not be construed as limiting this application. The specific material configuration of the heat-insulating layer 1215 and the encapsulation layer 1216 can be determined according to actual production requirements and is not specifically limited here.

[0181] In some other embodiments of this application, the outer shell 121 can be constructed as a composite matrix of ceramic fiber and aerogel. The ceramic fiber has high temperature stability and can serve as a supporting skeleton. The aerogel fills the fiber pores and forms a nanoscale porous structure, thereby reducing the thermal conductivity (up to 0.018 W / (m·K) at room temperature) through the Knudsen effect (also known as the Knudsen effect or Knudsen effect), thereby suppressing heat diffusion.

[0182] Therefore, by designing the thermal insulation component 120, a closed-loop control mechanism for heat flux density, phase change response, and stress release was established, which was effective when the local heat flux exceeded 5 MW / m². 2 At the same time, the heat insulation component 120 can effectively reduce the rate of heat spread through the phase change heat absorption of the phase change material component 122 and the synergistic effect of the elastic deformation of the support component 123. Compared with the traditional heat insulation structure, the heat insulation component 120 of this application can reduce the rate of heat spread by less than 1 / 3.

[0183] Furthermore, the thermal insulation component 120 of this application can be adapted to different application conditions by adjusting the melting point of the phase change material, the modulus of the support 123 (e.g., adjustable from 0.1 GPa to 1.0 GPa), and the thickness ratio between the layers of the thermal insulation component 120.

[0184] Reference Figure 1 The electrical device 1000 according to the embodiments of this application includes the battery device 100 described above; or includes the heat insulation component 120 described above.

[0185] In the above technical solution, since the power device 1000 adopts the battery device 100 or the heat insulation component 120, heat diffusion can be effectively suppressed, the risk of chain thermal runaway of the battery device 100 can be reduced, and the safety of the battery device 100 can be improved, thereby improving the safety of the power device 1000.

[0186] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0187] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery cells, wherein the multiple battery cells are arranged sequentially along a first direction; A heat insulation component is provided between at least two adjacent battery cells, the heat insulation component comprising: The outer casing has an openable or sealable liquid outlet and an air inlet communicating with the receiving cavity of the outer casing, the air inlet being located above the liquid outlet; A phase change material component is disposed within the receiving cavity. The phase change material component is configured to undergo a phase change between a liquid and a solid state. When the phase change material component is in a solid state, it blocks the air inlet and the liquid outlet. When the phase change material component is in a liquid state, it opens the air inlet and the liquid outlet, and the liquid phase change material component is discharged through the liquid outlet. A support member, which is an elastic element and is disposed within a receiving cavity, to support the outer shell.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support member is embedded within the solid phase change material member.

3. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support member is corrugated or honeycomb-shaped.

4. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the phase change material component ranges from 1mm to 3mm.

5. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer casing includes at least an insulating buffer layer.

6. The battery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer shell includes a heat insulation layer and an encapsulation layer. The heat insulation layer is disposed inside the buffer layer and defines the inner peripheral wall of the receiving cavity. The encapsulation layer is located on the side of the buffer layer opposite to the heat insulation layer.

7. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the battery cells is equipped with the corresponding heat insulation component.

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each thermal insulation component is fitted over the battery cell; or The battery cell includes a first sidewall disposed opposite to each other in the first direction, the first sidewall being the sidewall with the largest area of ​​the battery cell, and the heat insulation component is sandwiched between the first sidewalls of adjacent battery cells.

9. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The battery device also includes a base plate on which multiple battery cells are supported. The base plate is provided with a drainage channel that communicates with the liquid outlet.

10. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drainage channel is located inside the base plate, and the base plate has a connecting port. The outlet is connected to the drainage channel through the connecting port; or the outlet is provided with a guide pipe, which passes through the connecting port so that the outlet is connected to the drainage channel.

11. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, At least a portion of the bottom wall of the drainage channel slopes downwards.

12. A thermal insulation component, characterized in that, include: The outer casing has a receiving cavity inside, and the outer casing has a liquid outlet communicating with the receiving cavity and an air inlet communicating with the receiving cavity. The air inlet is located above the liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet is configured to be openable or blocked. A phase change material component is disposed within the receiving cavity. The phase change material component is configured to undergo a phase change between a liquid and a solid state. When the phase change material component is in a solid state, it blocks the air inlet and the liquid outlet. When the phase change material component is in a liquid state, it opens the air inlet and the liquid outlet, and the liquid phase change material component is discharged through the liquid outlet. A support member, which is an elastic member and is disposed within the receiving cavity, to support the outer shell.

13. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, It includes the battery device according to any one of claims 1-11; or includes the heat insulation component according to claim 12.

Images