Rubber pyrolysis separation device and separation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a rubber pyrolysis and separation device and a separation method, and relates to the technical field of pyrolysis oil-gas separation, the rubber pyrolysis and separation device comprises a pyrolysis furnace and a separation tank group consisting of a horizontal separation tank and a vertical separation tank, and an oil-gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with oil-gas inlets of the horizontal and vertical separation tanks; the oil-gas outlet of the horizontal separation tank is also communicated with the oil-gas inlet of the vertical separation tank, the oil-gas inlets of the horizontal separation tank and the vertical separation tank are provided with flow regulating valves, the bottom of the vertical separation tank is provided with a pyrolytic oil collecting section, and the horizontal separation tank and the vertical separation tank are respectively provided with an access hole. The horizontal separation tank and the vertical separation tank are combined for use, the respective advantages are effectively exerted, and the technical effects of quick separation of pyrolysis gas, convenience in overhaul and maintenance, optimization of the separation effect, realization of continuous industrial production, staged collection of pyrolysis oil gas and the like are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus and separation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of pyrolysis gas treatment equipment technology, organic solid wastes such as rubber, tires, plastics, and oily sludge can be pyrolyzed in an anaerobic environment to obtain pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas, and pyrolysis carbon black (also called pyrolysis depending on the temperature), achieving volume reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery. This technology is of great significance for resource recycling and environmental protection, effectively reducing the pollution of organic solid waste to the environment while converting it into valuable energy and resources. With industrial development, the demand for pyrolysis treatment of organic solid waste is increasing, making efficient pyrolysis gas separation technology a key area of ​​research and application.

[0003] A Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN219209454U discloses a condenser for efficient oil-gas separation, comprising a condenser body, a pyrolysis oil collection section at the bottom of the condenser body, and a pyrolysis oil outlet at the bottom end of the pyrolysis oil collection section; a swirl distributor is installed inside the condenser body above the pyrolysis oil collection section, an oil-gas inlet is provided on the side wall of the condenser body below the swirl distributor, a tube array is installed inside the condenser body above the swirl distributor, a cooling medium inlet is provided on the side wall of the condenser body near the bottom of the tube array, and a cooling medium outlet is provided on the side wall of the condenser body near the top of the tube array; an oil-gas outlet mask is installed on the top of the condenser body, and a pyrolysis gas outlet is provided on the side wall of the oil-gas outlet mask.

[0004] The aforementioned technologies have the following drawbacks: relying solely on this type of vertical tube condenser for oil-gas separation results in a relatively fast flow velocity of oil and gas within the single vertical tube, leading to a short condensation time. Consequently, the actual condensation is insufficient and the effect is poor, especially under high gas volume processing conditions, making it difficult to meet the condensation requirements. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the condensation effect under high gas volume conditions, this application provides a rubber pyrolysis and separation device.

[0006] The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus includes a pyrolysis furnace and a separation tank group. The separation tank group includes a horizontal separation tank and a vertical separation tank. The oil and gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the oil and gas inlets of both the horizontal and vertical separation tanks. The pyrolysis gas outlet of the horizontal separation tank is connected to the oil and gas inlet of the vertical separation tank. The pyrolysis furnace (1) is provided with a feeding device at the top and a slag discharge pipe at the bottom. A Z-shaped feeding pipe is provided between the feeding device and the slag discharge pipe. The feeding pipe is not connected to the hot air space inside the pyrolysis furnace (1). A hot air inlet pipe is also provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, and a hot air outlet pipe is provided at the top of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, the horizontal separator features a horizontal flow channel design, which reduces gas velocity, thereby extending oil-gas cooling time and improving separation efficiency, making it suitable for high gas volume conditions. Furthermore, the horizontal separator has a larger liquid storage space, extending the discharge interval and providing more temporary storage space for solid waste. The vertical separator, with its vertical structure, occupies less floor space and offers superior separation performance for small droplets. Additionally, it exhibits stronger resistance to secondary entrainment under low gas velocity conditions. This application combines horizontal and vertical separators, effectively leveraging their respective advantages. Oil and gas enter the horizontal and vertical separators respectively, and the pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator further enters the vertical separator. This facilitates gravity settling of the larger amount of dust particles in the pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator within the vertical separator's tubes, thus comprehensively meeting the separation requirements under different gas velocity conditions.

[0008] Preferably, the oil and gas inlets of the horizontal separator and the vertical separator are respectively equipped with flow regulating valves.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, flow regulating valves are installed at the oil and gas inlets of the horizontal and vertical separators, respectively, which can regulate the flow rate of oil and gas entering the horizontal and vertical separators, thereby further optimizing the oil and gas separation process.

[0010] Preferably, both the horizontal and vertical separation tanks are provided with a number of inspection ports, and each of the inspection ports is provided with an inspection cover.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, both the horizontal and vertical separators are equipped with several inspection ports with inspection covers, which facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the interior of the separator.

[0012] Preferably, the vertical separator is provided with a tube array inside, the tube array comprising a plurality of uniformly distributed tube bodies.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a uniformly distributed tube array is set between the oil and gas inlet and the pyrolysis gas outlet of the vertical separator, which allows the pyrolysis gas to be condensed and separated in the tube array. Combined with the overall solution of using both horizontal and vertical separators, it is beneficial to further allow the oil mist in the pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator to undergo gravity settling in the tube array, thus meeting the separation requirements under different gas velocity conditions.

[0014] Preferably, an oscillating chain is provided inside the tube body, the top of the oscillating chain is connected to the inner wall of the tube body, and the bottom of the oscillating chain is suspended.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, an oscillating chain is set in the tube body with its top connected to the inner wall of the tube body and its bottom suspended. The oscillating chain will swing during the upward conveying of pyrolysis gas, which can scrape and collide with the inner wall of the tube body, reducing the accumulation, adhesion or coking of dust particles on the inner wall of the tube body.

[0016] Preferably, the oscillating chain is further provided with a plurality of oscillating bars at intervals, and the plurality of oscillating bars are all inclined relative to the axial direction of the tube body.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, several oscillating bars that are inclined relative to the axial direction of the tube body are set at intervals on the oscillating chain. On the one hand, the oscillating bars can help scrape the inner wall of the tube body, and on the other hand, they can also extend the flow path of the pyrolysis gas inside the tube body, thereby extending the cooling time of the pyrolysis gas in the vertical separator and improving the separation effect.

[0018] Preferably, a limiting frame is provided at the top of the oscillating chain. The limiting frame is a hollow mesh frame with a spherical outer edge, and the diameter of the limiting frame is larger than the inner diameter of the tube body.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a spherical hollow mesh frame with a diameter larger than the inner edge diameter of the tube body is installed at the top of the oscillating chain to prevent the oscillating chain from falling or even detaching from the tube body during oscillation. When there is a lot of dust accumulation on the surface of the oscillating chain or other situations requiring maintenance or replacement, the limit frame can be lifted directly to achieve the maintenance of the oscillating chain.

[0020] This application also provides a method for rapid separation of pyrolysis gas. The material is fed into the feeding pipe inside the furnace body by the feeding device. The feeding pipe is equipped with a conveying auger for feeding. Hot air is fed into the furnace body by the hot air inlet pipe. The continuously delivered hot air surrounds the feeding pipe and heats the material through heat exchange. Then, it is discharged from the furnace body by the hot air outlet pipe. During this process, the material gradually undergoes a pyrolysis reaction to generate oil, gas, and carbon slag. Solid carbon black is discharged from the furnace body through the slag discharge pipe. Gaseous oil mist is transported from the oil and gas outlet to the interior of the horizontal and vertical separation tanks. Both the horizontal and vertical separation tanks condense the oil mist. The condensed pyrolysis oil settles at the bottom of the separation tank and is discharged through a pump and pipeline. The high-temperature pyrolysis gas is discharged through the pyrolysis gas outlet, thus realizing oil and gas separation.

[0021] The principle of the separation method is as follows: The horizontal separator adopts a horizontal flow channel design, which reduces the gas velocity, thereby extending the oil-gas cooling time and improving separation efficiency, making it suitable for high gas volume conditions. Furthermore, the horizontal separator has a larger liquid storage space, extending the discharge interval and providing more temporary storage space for solid waste. The vertical separator adopts a vertical structure, occupies less floor space, and has superior separation performance for small droplets. In addition, it has stronger resistance to secondary entrainment under low gas velocity conditions. This application combines horizontal and vertical separators, effectively leveraging their respective advantages. Oil and gas simultaneously enter both the horizontal and vertical separators, and the pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator further enters the vertical separator. This facilitates the gravity settling of more dust particles in the pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator within the tubes of the vertical separator, thus meeting the separation requirements under different gas velocity conditions. Furthermore, since the material does not directly contact the hot air during transport, continuous industrial production can be achieved.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The horizontal separator has a horizontal flow channel design inside, which can reduce the gas flow rate, extend the oil-gas cooling time, and improve the separation efficiency, making it suitable for high gas volume and other working conditions; at the same time, it has a large liquid storage space, which can extend the liquid discharge interval. 2. The vertical separator adopts a vertical structure, which occupies less space, has better separation performance for small droplets, and has a stronger ability to resist secondary entrainment under low gas velocity conditions. 3. By combining horizontal and vertical separators, oil and gas can enter both separators simultaneously. The pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator can further enter the vertical separator, which facilitates the gravity settling of more dust particles in the pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator in the vertical tubes, thus meeting the separation requirements under different gas velocity conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection relationship between the horizontal and vertical separation tanks in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal structure of the pyrolysis furnace in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the material flow direction inside the pyrolysis furnace in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the hot air flow direction inside the pyrolysis furnace in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram illustrating the flow direction of pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis furnace in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in Embodiment 1 of this application, illustrating the connection between the heat-conducting fins and the outer wall of the feeding pipe; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in Embodiment 1 of this application, illustrating the connection relationship between the vertical separation tank and the tube body; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the spiral plate and the tube body in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the spiral plate and the central shaft in Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in Embodiment 2 of this application, illustrating the connection relationship between the vertical separation tank and the tube body; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure used to illustrate the connection between the oscillating chain and the tube body in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0024] In the picture: 1. Pyrolysis furnace; 11. Oil and gas outlet; 12. Hot air inlet pipe; 13. Hot air outlet pipe; 14. Slag discharge pipe; 15. Feeding device; 3. Horizontal separation tank; 4. Vertical separation tank; 51. Oil and gas inlet; 52. Pyrolysis gas outlet; 53. Water tank; 54. Inspection cover; 6. Tube body; 61. Oscillating chain; 62. Oscillating bar; 63. Limiting frame; 64. Spiral plate; 7. Feeding pipe; 71. Conveying auger; 72. Heat-conducting fins. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention, but are not limited thereto. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] This application mainly adopts a pyrolysis furnace combined with horizontal and vertical separation tanks to separate pyrolysis gas, which achieves the effect of improving the condensation and separation effect of pyrolysis gas under high gas volume conditions. The following is a further detailed description of this application. Example 1

[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus provided in this application includes a pyrolysis furnace 1 and a separation tank group. The separation tank group includes a horizontal separation tank 3 and a vertical separation tank 4. The horizontal separation tank 3 has the characteristics of reducing gas flow rate, extending oil and gas cooling time and having a large liquid storage space through its horizontal flow channel, and the vertical separation tank 4 has the characteristics of small footprint, excellent performance in separating small droplets and strong resistance to secondary entrainment at low gas velocities. The combination of the two can better achieve the separation of pyrolysis gas.

[0028] Specifically, pyrolysis furnace 1 is a device for pyrolyzing organic solid waste to produce an oil-gas mixture. Pyrolysis furnace 1 generally consists of a furnace body, an oil-gas outlet 11, a hot air inlet pipe 12, a hot air outlet pipe 13, a slag discharge pipe 14, and a feeding device 15. The furnace body is typically made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant metal materials, such as stainless steel, to ensure stability and durability during the high-temperature pyrolysis process. The heating system uses hot air supply, with the hot air inlet pipe 12 and the hot air outlet pipe 13 combined to provide the necessary heat for the pyrolysis of organic solid waste. The feeding device is used to feed organic solid waste such as biomass, tires, plastics, and oily sludge into the furnace body for pyrolysis. The solid waste after reaction is discharged from the slag discharge pipe. The oil-gas outlet 11 of pyrolysis furnace 1 transports the high-temperature oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis to subsequent separation equipment. In some cases, the heating system of pyrolysis furnace 1 can also use electromagnetic heating, which offers fast heating speed, high efficiency, and more precise control of the pyrolysis temperature.

[0029] The horizontal separator 3 employs a horizontal flow channel design. The horizontal separator 3 includes a tank body, an oil and gas inlet 51, a pyrolysis gas outlet 52, and a pyrolysis oil outlet. The tank body is a horizontal structure, typically welded from metal plates, providing a certain level of strength and sealing. The oil and gas inlet 51 is located on the side wall of the tank body and is used to receive the oil and gas mixture output from the pyrolysis furnace 1. The pyrolysis gas outlet 52 is located at one end of the tank body and is used to discharge the separated pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis oil outlet is located at the bottom of the tank body and is used to collect and discharge the condensed pyrolysis oil. The horizontal separator 3 may also be equipped with guide vanes or baffles to allow the oil and gas to flow in a serpentine pattern within the tank, increasing the contact time between the oil and gas and the tank wall, and promoting the condensation of the pyrolysis oil.

[0030] The vertical separator 4 adopts a vertical structure. The vertical separator 4 includes a tank body, an oil and gas inlet 51, a pyrolysis gas outlet 52, and a pyrolysis oil collection section. The tank body is a vertical cylindrical structure, also made of metal. The oil and gas inlet 51 is located on the lower side wall of the tank body, the pyrolysis gas outlet 52 is located at the top of the tank body, and the pyrolysis oil collection section is located at the bottom of the tank body, used to collect the condensed pyrolysis oil, which can be connected to an oil pump to remove the pyrolysis oil. In addition, water tanks (also called water distribution tanks) are installed at the top and bottom of the vertical separator 4 to promote cooling of the oil and gas.

[0031] The pyrolysis furnace 1 has two oil and gas outlets 11, each connected to an oil and gas inlet 51 of both the horizontal separator 3 and the vertical separator 4. This connection can be achieved using pipelines. The pipelines are typically made of carbon steel to ensure sealing, corrosion resistance, and safety during oil and gas transport. Valves and flow meters can also be installed on the pipelines to control the flow rate and monitor the transport status. Furthermore, the pyrolysis gas outlet 52 of the horizontal separator 3 is also connected to another oil and gas inlet 51 of the vertical separator 4, again via a pipeline, allowing the pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator 3 to further enter the vertical separator 4 for secondary separation.

[0032] The oil and gas inlets 51 of both the horizontal separator 3 and the vertical separator 4 are equipped with independent flow control valves. These flow control valves can be electric or pneumatic. Electric valves regulate flow by controlling the opening of the valve core with a motor, offering high precision and fast response. Pneumatic valves, on the other hand, regulate flow by using compressed air to drive the valve core, making them suitable for applications with high explosion-proof requirements. The flow control valves allow for precise control of the oil and gas flow entering the horizontal separator 3 and the vertical separator 4 according to actual operating conditions, ensuring stable separation performance.

[0033] Both the horizontal separator 3 and the vertical separator 4 are equipped with several inspection ports, each fitted with an inspection cover 54. These inspection ports are used for inspection, maintenance, and cleaning of the separator's interior. The inspection covers 54 are typically high-sealing plates, securely connected to the inspection ports via bolts or clips to ensure the separator's airtightness. The inspection covers 54 facilitate routine maintenance and troubleshooting, extending the equipment's service life.

[0034] Reference Figure 8 Inside the vertical separator 4, between the oil / gas inlet 51 and the pyrolysis gas outlet 52, a tube array is installed. The tube array comprises several evenly distributed tube bodies 6. The tube bodies 6 are generally slender cylindrical shapes, made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity, such as copper or aluminum tubes, to facilitate heat exchange. In some special cases, the tube bodies 6 can also be made of ceramic materials, which have the characteristics of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, making them suitable for some working conditions with high requirements for the separation environment.

[0035] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9The tube body 6 is also equipped with a spiral plate 64 inside, and the outer diameter of the spiral plate 64 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tube body 6, with a clearance fit. A limit frame 63 is provided at the top of the spiral plate 64. The limit frame 63 is a hollow mesh frame with a spherical outer edge, and its diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the tube body 6. Therefore, during the actual upward transport of oil and gas inside the tube body 6, the airflow is extended by the spiral plate 64, thus extending the condensation time and further improving the condensation effect. In addition, the bottom of the spiral plate 64 is suspended, and the spiral plate 64 rotates slightly under the action of the airflow. When the spiral plate 64 rotates, it also vibrates irregularly, causing slight friction and collision between the spiral plate 64 and the inner wall of the tube body 6. This assists in cleaning the dust accumulated on the inner wall of the tube body 6, helping to ensure stable heat exchange performance. The spiral plate 64 and the limiting frame 63 can be detachably connected by bolts or other means. The weight of the limiting frame 63 affects the resistance of the frictional force between the limiting frame 63 and the end of the tube body 6 during the rotation of the spiral plate 64. Therefore, by replacing the limiting frame 63 with different weights or outer surface friction coefficients, the rotation speed of the spiral plate 64 under the same wind force and flow rate can be achieved, improving the convenience of adjustment and applicability to multiple scenarios.

[0036] Reference Figure 10 Furthermore, a central shaft is provided in the middle of the spiral plate 64, and the surface of the spiral plate 64 is inclined, with the side near the central shaft inclined downwards. This causes the outer edge of the spiral plate 64 to be inclined upwards. When the spiral plate 64 collides and scrapes against the inner wall of the tube body 6, the dirt scraped off by the upper pitch of the spiral plate 64 will fall into the lower pitch. The dirt automatically flows and converges towards the central shaft due to the inclined surface of the spiral plate, thus promoting automatic collection of dirt and preventing it from getting stuck between the outer edge of the spiral plate 64 and the inner wall of the tube body 6, reducing the vibration amplitude of the spiral plate 64. In this embodiment, the thickness of the spiral plate 64 gradually decreases towards the central shaft, resulting in less stress at the connection between the spiral plate 64 and the central shaft. This makes it easier for the spiral plate 64 located on the outer edge to generate more sustained vibration during the collision process, further promoting the removal of dirt from the inner wall of the tube body 6 and the aggregation of dirt on the surface of the spiral plate 64.

[0037] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: Organic solid waste is pyrolyzed in pyrolysis furnace 1 to produce a high-temperature oil-gas mixture, which is then transported to horizontal separator 3 and vertical separator 4 through oil-gas outlet 11. Horizontal separator 3 utilizes a horizontal flow channel to reduce gas velocity and extend oil-gas cooling time, causing partial condensation of the pyrolysis oil and separating some pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis gas discharged from horizontal separator 3 enters vertical separator 4. Inside vertical separator 4, the pyrolysis gas is further cooled and separated by a tube array. The vibrating chain 61 and vibrating strip 62 inside the tube body 6 scrape the inner wall, reducing dust particle accumulation and extending the pyrolysis gas cooling time, thus improving the separation effect. Finally, the separated pyrolysis gas is discharged from the top of vertical separator 4, and the pyrolysis oil is collected and discharged from the bottom of horizontal separator 3 and the pyrolysis oil collection section 53 of vertical separator 4, respectively. This device combines the advantages of horizontal separator 3 and vertical separator 4, effectively improving the condensation and separation effect of cracked gas under high gas flow conditions. At the same time, the reasonable layout and related component settings also ensure the safety, stability and maintainability of the equipment. Compared with the single vertical tube condenser in the existing technology, it can better meet the separation needs under different gas flow conditions.

[0038] Reference Figure 3-6 This embodiment 1 also provides a rapid separation method for pyrolysis gas based on a separation device. The material is fed into the feeding pipe 7 inside the furnace body from the feeding device 15. The feeding pipe 7 is equipped with a conveying auger 71 for feeding. Hot air is fed into the furnace body from the hot air inlet pipe 12 and then exits the furnace body from the hot air outlet pipe 13. The continuously delivered hot air surrounds the feeding pipe 7 and heats the material through heat exchange. The material undergoes a pyrolysis reaction to generate carbon black and gaseous oil mist. The solid carbon black is discharged from the furnace body through the slag discharge pipe 14. The pyrolysis oil and gas are transported from the oil and gas outlet 11 to the interior of the horizontal separation tank 3 and the vertical separation tank 4. The horizontal separation tank 3 and the vertical separation tank 4 condense the oil mist. The condensed fuel oil settles at the bottom and is discharged through a pump and pipeline. The high-temperature fuel gas is discharged through the pyrolysis gas outlet 52, thus realizing oil and gas separation.

[0039] The principle of the separation method is as follows: The horizontal separator 3 adopts a horizontal flow channel design, which reduces the gas flow rate, thereby extending the oil-gas cooling time and improving separation efficiency, suitable for high gas volume conditions. Furthermore, the horizontal separator 3 has a larger liquid storage space, extending the discharge interval. The vertical separator 4 adopts a vertical structure, occupying less floor space, and has superior separation performance for small droplets. In addition, it has stronger resistance to secondary entrainment under low gas velocity conditions. This application combines the horizontal separator 3 and the vertical separator 4, effectively leveraging their respective advantages. Oil and gas simultaneously enter both the horizontal separator 3 and the vertical separator 4, and the pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator 3 further enters the vertical separator 4. This facilitates the gravity settling of more dust particles in the pyrolysis gas discharged from the horizontal separator 3 within the tubes of the vertical horizontal separator 3, thus meeting the separation requirements under different gas velocity conditions. Furthermore, since the material does not directly contact the hot air during transport, continuous industrial production can be achieved.

[0040] In the aforementioned pyrolysis reaction system, key parameters such as temperature, rotation speed, pressure, differential pressure, material level, liquid level, and flow rate are all monitored and regulated in real time by an automatic control system to ensure a stable and efficient reaction process. Specifically, the furnace temperature is controlled by adjusting the hot air temperature and flow rate in the hot air inlet pipe; the rotation speed of the feeding auger is driven by a variable frequency motor to achieve precise control of the material feeding rate; the system pressure is maintained within the set range by adjusting the exhaust valve or fan frequency through pressure feedback from the hot air outlet pipe and the oil and gas outlet; differential pressure monitoring of the feeding pipeline and separator tank is used to prevent blockages and ensure unobstructed gas flow; the material level in the feeding device and furnace body is controlled by a material level sensor to open and close the feeding valve; the liquid level in the horizontal and vertical separator tanks is monitored by a level gauge, and the oil pump is automatically started and stopped to maintain the oil within a reasonable range; the flow rates of various media are controlled through a closed-loop system of flow meters and regulating valves to achieve stable delivery of air volume, oil and gas output, etc. The entire control system is integrated into a central operating interface to achieve fully automated operation and abnormal early warning.

[0041] In addition, refer to Figure 7The external side of the feeding pipe 7 is also equipped with heat-conducting fins 72. Several heat-conducting fins are staggered and crisscrossed along the outer wall of the feeding pipe 7. On the one hand, this serves to guide airflow, increasing the flow path of the hot air, thereby slowing down the wind speed and prolonging the time the hot air spends inside, thus improving the utilization of the hot air. On the other hand, it increases the contact area between the feeding pipe 7 and the hot air, facilitating the transfer of heat energy from the hot air to the interior of the feeding pipe 7, improving the pyrolysis effect of the material. The shape of the heat-conducting fins 72 can mimic that of fish fins to reduce wind resistance. In other embodiments, the heat-conducting fins 72 can also be in the form of flat plates, perforated plates, corrugated plates, etc. Alternatively, the heat-conducting fins 72 can also be spirally wound and located on the outside of the feeding pipe 7. This increases the heat exchange area and prolongs the hot air delivery path, thereby extending the heat exchange time of the hot air in the pyrolysis furnace 1, thus improving the heating effect. Example 2

[0042] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that an oscillating chain 61 is installed inside the tube body 6 of the tube assembly, with the bottom of the oscillating chain 61 suspended. The oscillating chain 61 is generally made of metal chain, such as stainless steel chain, and has a certain degree of flexibility and wear resistance. During the upward conveying of pyrolysis gas, the airflow will drive the oscillating chain 61 to swing, thereby scraping and colliding with the inner wall of the tube body 6, reducing the accumulation of dust particles on the inner wall of the tube body 6.

[0043] To enhance the scraping effect, the vibrating chain 61 is also provided with several vibrating bars 62 at intervals, all of which are inclined relative to the axial direction of the tube body 6. The vibrating bars 62 can be made of metal or plastic, etc. Their inclined arrangement can, on the one hand, assist in scraping the inner wall of the tube body 6, and on the other hand, prolong the flow path of the pyrolysis gas inside the tube body 6, thereby prolonging the cooling time of the pyrolysis gas in the vertical separator 4 and improving the separation effect.

[0044] The top of the oscillating chain 61 is also equipped with a limit frame 63. The limit frame 63 is a hollow mesh frame with a spherical outer edge (the actual mesh density should be such that it does not easily cause blockage; the density shown in the illustration is not a limitation). The diameter of the limit frame 63 is larger than the inner diameter of the tube body 6. The limit frame 63 prevents the oscillating chain 61 from detaching from the tube body 6 during oscillation, ensuring the normal operation of the oscillating chain 61. When there is a lot of dust accumulation on the surface of the oscillating chain 61 or when maintenance or replacement is required, the limit frame 63 can be lifted directly to facilitate the maintenance of the oscillating chain 61.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus, characterized in that: Includes a pyrolysis furnace (1) and a separation tank assembly; The pyrolysis furnace (1) is provided with a feeding device (15) at the top and a slag discharge pipe (14) at the bottom. A Z-shaped feeding pipe is provided between the feeding device (15) and the slag discharge pipe (14). The feeding pipe is not connected to the hot air space inside the pyrolysis furnace (1). A hot air inlet pipe (12) is also provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace (1), and a hot air outlet pipe (13) is provided at the top of the pyrolysis furnace (1). The separation tank group includes a horizontal separation tank (3) and a vertical separation tank (4). The oil and gas outlet (11) of the pyrolysis furnace (1) is connected to the oil and gas inlet (51) of the horizontal separation tank (3) and the vertical separation tank (4). The pyrolysis gas outlet (52) of the horizontal separation tank (3) is connected to the oil and gas inlet (51) of the vertical separation tank (4).

2. The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil and gas inlets (51) of the horizontal separator (3) and the vertical separator (4) are respectively equipped with flow regulating valves.

3. The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the horizontal separator (3) and the vertical separator (4) are provided with several inspection ports, and each of the inspection ports is provided with an inspection cover (54).

4. The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical separator (4) is equipped with a tube array, which includes several uniformly distributed tube bodies (6).

5. The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: An oscillating chain (61) is provided inside the tube body (6). The top of the oscillating chain (61) is connected to the inner wall of the tube body (6), and the bottom of the oscillating chain (61) is suspended.

6. The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oscillating chain (61) is also provided with a number of oscillating bars (62) at intervals, and the number of oscillating bars (62) are all inclined relative to the axial direction of the tube body (6).

7. The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the oscillating chain (61) is provided with a limiting frame (63), which is a hollow mesh frame with a spherical outer edge. The diameter of the limiting frame (63) is larger than the inner diameter of the tube body (6).

8. The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tube body (6) is provided with a spiral plate (64) inside. The top of the spiral plate (64) is connected to the inner wall of the tube body (6), and the bottom of the spiral plate (64) is suspended.

9. The rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the spiral plate (64) is provided with a limiting frame (63), which is a hollow mesh frame with a spherical outer edge. The diameter of the limiting frame (63) is larger than the inner diameter of the tube body (6).

10. A method for rapid separation of pyrolysis gas based on the rubber pyrolysis and separation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Material is fed into the feeding pipe inside the furnace body by the feeding device (15). The feeding pipe is equipped with a conveying auger for feeding. Hot air is fed into the furnace body by the hot air inlet pipe (12) and then discharged from the furnace body by the hot air outlet pipe (13). The continuously conveyed hot air surrounds the feeding pipe and heats the material through heat exchange. The material undergoes a cracking reaction to generate carbon black and gaseous oil mist. Solid carbon slag is discharged from the furnace body through the slag discharge pipe (14). Gaseous oil mist is transported from the oil and gas outlet (11) to the interior of the horizontal separator (3) and the vertical separator (4). The horizontal separator (3) and the vertical separator (4) condense the oil mist. The condensed cracked gas settles at the bottom and is discharged through the pump and pipeline. The high-temperature cracked gas is discharged through the pyrolysis gas outlet (52), thus realizing oil and gas separation.

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