Application of heptadecanoic acid compound in improvement of animal growth performance

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal breeding, and particularly relates to application of a heptadecanoic acid compound to improvement of animal growth performance. Research finds that the heptadecanoic acid compound can significantly improve the growth performance of animals, specifically, the feed intake and daily gain of the animals are significantly improved, and the feed-to-weight ratio is reduced, so that the slaughtering speed of the animals is accelerated, and higher market value is generated. The invention effectively improves the growth performance of animals, and has important significance and application value in the animal breeding industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of animal husbandry technology. More specifically, it relates to the application of heptadecanoic acid compounds in improving animal growth performance. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, to meet the growing market demand, China's livestock industry has developed rapidly, with intensive and large-scale farming becoming the mainstream trend. However, in the process of intensive farming, ensuring the healthy and rapid growth and development of farmed animals is one of the key points to guaranteeing market supply and the economic benefits for farmers. Currently, in order to increase the speed of animal slaughter, increase animal weight, and obtain better economic benefits, farmers often add certain beneficial ingredients to the feed to promote animal growth and development.

[0003] For example, experiments by Hanczakowsk et al. found that adding 0.3% caprylic acid or 0.3% decanoic acid to the diet of weaned piglets significantly improved the daily weight gain of piglets 28 days after weaning and improved their growth performance, while caprylic acid had no significant effect (Hanczakowska, E.). 1 ; et al. Medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and / or probiotic Enterococcus faecium as a feed supplement for piglets (Article) [J]. Livestock Science, 2016, Vol. 192: 1-7). As can be seen from the above, although the carbon chains of fatty acids differ by only two carbon atoms, their effects are significantly different.

[0004] Yang Yuan's research found that during a 28-day feeding period for piglets, adding lauric acid or stearic acid to the basal diet instead of soybean oil had no significant effect on the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (G:F) of weaned piglets compared to the control diet (Yang Yuan. Effects of fatty acids with different carbon chain lengths on the renewal of porcine small intestinal epithelial cells [D]. Hunan Normal University, 2020. DOI:10.27137 / d.cnki.ghusu.2020.000179). This indicates that adding lauric acid or stearic acid, such as homogeneous saturated fatty acids, to the diet has no significant effect on the growth performance of animals.

[0005] Currently, the fats used in animal feed are all even-chain fatty acids, while research on odd-chain fatty acids is relatively limited, including their metabolism in animals and their impact on production performance. The main difference between odd-chain and even-chain fatty acids lies in their metabolic products after absorption. Odd-chain fatty acids are a special class of fatty acids, widely found in microorganisms and plants and animals, but in very small amounts. In higher animals, odd-chain fatty acids account for approximately 1-5% of the total lipids. Heptadecanoic acid (also known as heptadecanoic acid, C17:0, or C17:0) is particularly unique, existing only in small amounts in some microorganisms, ruminant muscle, and milk fat. Recent studies have shown that heptadecanic acid has medical applications such as lowering blood sugar, anti-cancer, and immunomodulation (ONCOLOGY REPORTS 41:3499-3507,2019; Molecules 2015,20,2425-2444; Nutrients 2019,11,998), which are closely related to human health. However, there is currently a lack of research on the effects of heptadecanic acid compounds on animal growth performance, and no related technical reports have been published. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects and deficiencies of the prior art and to provide the application of heptadecanoic acid compounds in improving animal growth performance.

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide the application of heptadecanoic acid compounds in improving animal growth performance.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving animal growth performance.

[0009] The above-mentioned objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] This invention provides the application of heptadecanoic acid compounds in improving animal growth performance.

[0011] Through extensive research and experiments, this invention has found that heptadecanoic acid compounds can significantly improve animal growth performance, such as increasing feed intake, daily weight gain, and reducing feed conversion ratio.

[0012] In this invention, the feed conversion ratio (F / G), also known as feed-to-meat ratio or feed efficiency, refers to the amount of feed consumed to increase the weight of livestock and poultry by one kilogram, and is an important indicator for evaluating feed efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, the heptadecanonical compound is selected from one or more of heptadecanonical acid, heptadecanonical ester, or heptadecanonical salt.

[0014] Specifically, the heptadecanate is formed by the combination of heptadecanic acid and alcohol, that is, heptadecanic acid combines with one or more hydroxyl groups of alcohol to form heptadecanate. For example, the combination of heptadecanic acid and glycerol can form heptadecanic acid monoglyceride, heptadecanic acid diglyceride or heptadecanic acid triglyceride.

[0015] Preferably, the alcohol is a monohydric alcohol, a dihydric alcohol, or a polyhydric alcohol. A monohydric alcohol refers to an alcohol compound containing one hydroxyl group; a dihydric alcohol refers to an alcohol compound containing two hydroxyl groups; and a polyhydric alcohol refers to an alcohol compound containing three or more hydroxyl groups. The alcohol can be a saturated or unsaturated alcohol compound.

[0016] More preferably, the monohydric alcohol, dihydric alcohol, or polyhydric alcohol described in this invention are common in the art, including but not limited to ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, mannitol, sorbitol, etc.

[0017] Specifically, the heptadecanate is formed by the combination of heptadecanic acid and metal ions; for example, heptadecanic acid reacts with metal ions to produce potassium heptadecanate, calcium heptadecanate, magnesium heptadecanate, etc.

[0018] Preferably, the metal ion is sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, cobalt, copper, chromium, manganese, or zinc.

[0019] More preferably, the metal ion is potassium, calcium, or magnesium.

[0020] Preferably, improving animal growth performance includes: increasing daily weight gain, increasing feed intake, and reducing feed conversion ratio.

[0021] Preferably, the animal is a farmed animal.

[0022] Preferably, the farmed animal is a pig, a cow, or a sheep.

[0023] Furthermore, the present invention claims protection for the use of the composition in improving animal growth performance, said composition comprising a heptadecanoic acid compound.

[0024] Furthermore, this invention protects the use of a feed additive in improving animal growth performance, said feed additive comprising:

[0025] (a) heptadecanonical compounds, or combinations thereof; and

[0026] (b) Acceptable feed additives.

[0027] Specifically, the excipients are common feed-acceptable excipients such as amino acids and their salts or analogs, vitamins and their analogs, enzyme preparations, microorganisms, antioxidants, traditional Chinese medicine powders, preservatives, antifungal agents, acidity regulators, colorants, flavoring agents, binders, anti-caking agents, stabilizers, and emulsifiers.

[0028] In addition, the present invention provides a method for improving animal growth performance by feeding animals with heptadecanoic acid compounds or compositions containing heptadecanoic acid compounds.

[0029] Specifically, the heptadecanoic acid compound or a composition containing heptadecanoic acid compound can be added to the basal diet for animal feeding. Preferably, the content of the heptadecanoic acid compound in the diet is 0.5–50 g / kg. More preferably, the content of the heptadecanoic acid compound in the diet is 0.5–10 g / kg. Even more preferably, the content of the heptadecanoic acid compound in the diet is 0.5–5 g / kg.

[0030] Through extensive research, the inventors discovered that adding heptadecanoic acid compounds to the feed of weaned piglets can increase their final weight, average daily weight gain, and average daily feed intake, while reducing the feed conversion ratio, effectively improving the growth performance of weaned piglets. Simultaneously, the inventors found that adding heptadecanoic acid compounds to the feed of pigs, cattle, and sheep can also improve their growth performance.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] This invention provides an application of heptadecanoic acid compounds in improving animal growth performance. The research found that heptadecanoic acid compounds can improve animal growth performance, specifically by significantly increasing feed intake, daily weight gain, and reducing feed conversion ratio, thereby accelerating animal slaughter and generating higher market value. The heptadecanoic acid compounds in this invention can be directly added to the basal diet. The addition process is convenient and quick, requires no special equipment, and safely and efficiently improves breeding efficiency while saving feed costs, thus having significant meaning and application value in the animal husbandry industry. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods, and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods, and equipment in this technical field.

[0034] In this invention, the Duroc × Landrace × Large White three-way crossbred weaned piglets specifically refer to weaned piglets that are crossbred from Duroc, Landrace and Large White pigs.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Eighty-four Duroc × Landrace × Large White crossbred weaned piglets of similar age, good health, and similar weight were selected and randomly divided into seven groups of 12 piglets each. The control group was fed a basal diet [components and weight percentages: corn 54%, soybean meal 28.15%, fish meal 4.5%, low-protein whey powder 3.5%, wheat bran 4.43%, soybean oil 1%, L-lysine hydrochloride 0.7%, threonine 0.26%, methionine 0.08%, tryptophan 0.01%, valine 0.14%, cysteine ​​0.09%, limestone 1.1%, dicalcium phosphate 0.45%, zeolite powder 0.64%, sodium chloride 0.4%, choline chloride 0.12%, vitamin and mineral premix 0.43% (premix provides per kg of diet: vitamin A 11000 IU, vitamin D3 3250 IU, vitamin E 15 IU, vitamin K3 1.5 mg, vitamin B1 0.8 mg, vitamin B2 3 mg, vitamin B6 1.5 mg, vitamin B1 0.8 mg, vitamin B2 3 mg, vitamin B6 1.5 mg, vitamin B1 0.8 mg, vitamin B2 0.8 mg, vitamin B6 0.8 ...2 0.8 mg, vitamin B2 0.8 mg, vitamin B2 0.8 mg, vitamin B2 0.8 mg 12 [0.01mg, Biotin 0.025mg, Folic Acid 0.4mg, Pantothenic Acid 9.5mg, Nicotinamide 18mg, Copper 95mg, Iron 415mg, Manganese 50mg, Zinc 90mg, Iodine 0.45mg, Selenium 0.35mg] The experimental group was fed an adjusted diet, in which different doses of heptadecanoic acid or pentadecanoic acid were added to the basal diet to replace or partially replace the soybean oil in the basal diet (for example, 1kg of adjusted diet contains 0.5g of heptadecanoic acid, that is, the soybean oil content in the adjusted diet is 0.95%, and the other components and contents are the same as those in the basal diet). The net energy of the adjusted diet was the same as that of the control group's basal diet. Experimental Group A: Adjusted diet A (containing 0.5 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group B: Adjusted diet B (containing 1.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group C: Adjusted diet C (containing 2.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group D: Adjusted diet D (containing 5.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group E: Adjusted diet E (containing 10.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Control Group F: Adjusted diet F (containing 5.0 g / kg pentadecanoic acid). Piglets were vaccinated and dewormed according to the farm's normal immunization schedule. The pre-trial period was 5 days, and the formal trial period was 30 days.

[0038] Piglets were weighed before morning feeding on days 1 and 31 of the trial period. The daily feed intake and uneaten feed were recorded, and the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were calculated. Blood samples were collected from the experimental pigs before morning feeding on day 31 of the trial period to measure serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), glucose (GLU), creatinine (CRE), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and heptadecanoic acid.

[0039] Experimental results:

[0040] Table 1 Effects of heptadecanoic acid on growth indicators of weaned piglets

[0041]

[0042] Table 1 shows that there was no significant difference in initial weight among the groups of piglets in the experiment (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the addition of different levels of heptadecanoic acid significantly improved the final weight, average daily weight gain, and average daily feed intake of piglets (P<0.01), and significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio (P<0.01). This result indicates that heptadecanoic acid has a significant effect on improving the growth performance of weaned piglets. Although the addition of pentadecanoic acid can improve the growth performance of piglets, the effect is worse than that of the same dose of heptadecanoic acid (P<0.05).

[0043] Table 2 Effects of heptadecanonical acid on blood biochemical parameters of weaned piglets

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Note: ND indicates not detected.

[0047] Table 2 shows that, compared with the control group, the addition of different levels of heptadecanoic acid significantly increased total protein, albumin, and globulin (P<0.05), significantly decreased lipopolysaccharide (P<0.01), and significantly increased the concentration of growth hormone in the blood (P<0.05). This result indicates that heptadecanoic acid can improve the immune resistance of weaned piglets, reduce the likelihood of inflammation in weaned piglets, and thus promote the growth and development of weaned piglets. In addition, the study found that although the addition of pentadecanoic acid also had a certain effect on increasing total protein, albumin, globulin, and growth hormone in piglet serum, the effect was not significant, and its effect was significantly worse than that of heptadecanoic acid at the same level (P<0.05).

[0048] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, heptadecanic acid has no adverse effects on piglets, is safe and has no toxic side effects, and at the same dosage, heptadecanic acid has a better effect on improving the growth performance of weaned piglets.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Seventy Duroc × Landrace × Large White crossbred pigs of similar age, parity, and weight were randomly divided into seven groups of ten pigs each. The control group was fed a basal diet [components and weight percentages: corn 59.48%, soybean meal 27%, brewer's grains 8.5%, dicalcium phosphate 1.52%, limestone powder 1.0%, salt 0.5%, soybean oil 1%, vitamin and mineral premix 1% (premix provides per kg of feed: vitamin A 13500 IU, vitamin D3 3000 IU, vitamin K3 3 mg, vitamin B1 1.8 mg, vitamin B2 6 mg, vitamin B6 0.3 mg, vitamin B...]. 12 The experimental group was fed a modified diet containing 0.024 mg of heptadecanoglycerate, 0.03 mg of biotin, 0.9 mg of folic acid, 15 mg of pantothenic acid, 24 mg of nicotinamide, 20 mg of copper, 100 mg of iron, 40 mg of manganese, 120 mg of zinc, 0.3 mg of iodine, and 0.3 mg of selenium. The modified diet consisted of a basal diet supplemented with different doses of heptadecanoglycerate or pentadecanoic acid triglyceride to replace or partially replace soybean oil in the basal diet (e.g., 1 kg of modified diet containing 0.5 g of heptadecanoglycerate means the soybean oil content in the modified diet is 0.95%, with other components and contents consistent with the basal diet). The net energy of the modified diet was the same as that of the control group's basal diet. The pre-trial period was 5 days, and the formal trial period was 30 days. Experimental Group A: Adjusted diet A (containing 0.5 g / kg heptadecanoglycerate); Experimental Group B: Adjusted diet B (containing 1.0 g / kg heptadecanoglycerate); Experimental Group C: Adjusted diet C (containing 2.0 g / kg heptadecanoglycerate); Experimental Group D: Adjusted diet D (containing 5.0 g / kg heptadecanoglycerate); Experimental Group E: Adjusted diet E (containing 10.0 g / kg heptadecanoglycerate); Control Group F: Adjusted diet F (containing 5.0 g / kg pentadecanoic acid triglycerate); Control Group G: Adjusted diet G (containing 5.0 g / kg octadecanoic acid triglycerate). During the experiment, disease prevention and other management procedures were carried out according to the pig farm's standard procedures. On the first and 31st days of the trial period, the finishing pigs were weighed before morning feeding. The amount of feed given and the amount of uneaten feed were recorded each day, and the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were calculated.

[0051] Table 3. Effects of heptadecanoglycerate, pentadecanoic acid triglyceride, and octadecanoic acid triglyceride on growth indicators of finishing pigs.

[0052]

[0053] Table 3 shows that there was no significant difference in initial weight among the groups of finishing pigs (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the addition of different levels of heptadecanoglycerate significantly increased the final weight, average daily weight gain, and average daily feed intake of finishing pigs (P<0.05), while the feed conversion ratio decreased significantly compared with the control group (P<0.01). This indicates that, for the same feeding period, heptadecanoglycerate can significantly improve the growth performance of pigs and shorten the growth and development time. While the addition of pentadecanoic acid triglycerate to the feed also increased the weight of finishing pigs, improved feed intake, and reduced the feed conversion ratio, the effect was not significant compared with the control group, and at the same addition level, its effect was far inferior to that of heptadecanoglycerate (P<0.05). The addition of octadecanoic acid triglycerate had no significant effect on the growth performance of pigs.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] Forty Duroc × Landrace × Large White crossbred pigs of similar age, parity, and weight were selected and randomly divided into four groups of 10 pigs each. The control group was fed a basal diet [components and weight percentages: corn 59.48%, soybean meal 27%, brewer's grains 8.5%, dicalcium phosphate 1.52%, limestone 1.0%, salt 0.5%, palm oil 1%, vitamin and mineral premix 1% (premix provides per kg of diet: vitamin A 13500 IU, vitamin D3 3000 IU, vitamin K3 3 mg, vitamin B1 1.8 mg, vitamin B2 6 mg, vitamin B6 0.3 mg, vitamin B1 0.3 mg, vitamin B2 ... 12[0.024mg, Biotin 0.03mg, Folic Acid 0.9mg, Pantothenic Acid 15mg, Nicotinamide 24mg, Copper 20mg, Iron 100mg, Manganese 40mg, Zinc 120mg, Iodine 0.3mg, Selenium 0.3mg] The experimental group was fed an adjusted diet, which was that potassium heptadecanate, calcium heptadecanate, or magnesium heptadecanate were added to the basal diet to partially replace the palm oil in the basal diet. The net energy of the adjusted diet was the same as that of the control group's basal diet. For example, 1kg of the adjusted diet contained 2g of potassium heptadecanate, which means that the palm oil content in the adjusted diet was 0.8%. Other components and contents were the same as those in the basal diet. However, when calcium heptadecanate was added, the proportion of limestone powder should be reduced accordingly to ensure that the calcium-phosphorus ratio of the adjusted diet was the same as that of the control group's basal diet. Experimental Group A: Adjusted diet A (containing 2.0 g / kg potassium heptadecanate); Experimental Group B: Adjusted diet B (containing 2.0 g / kg calcium heptadecanate); Experimental Group C: Adjusted diet C (containing 2.0 g / kg magnesium heptadecanate); Experimental Control Group D: Adjusted diet D (containing 2.0 g / kg potassium pentadecanoate); Experimental Control Group E: Adjusted diet E (containing 2.0 g / kg potassium laurate). The pre-trial period was 5 days, and the formal trial period was 30 days. During the trial period, disease prevention and other management were carried out according to the pig farm's standard procedures. On the first and 31st days of the formal trial period, the finishing pigs were weighed before morning feeding. The daily feed intake and uneaten feed were recorded, and the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were calculated.

[0056] Table 4. Effects of potassium heptadecanate, calcium heptadecanate, magnesium heptadecanate, potassium pentadecanoate, and potassium laurate on growth indicators of finishing pigs.

[0057]

[0058] Table 4 shows that there was no significant difference in initial weight among the fattening pig groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the addition of potassium heptadecanate, calcium heptadecanate, and magnesium heptadecanate significantly improved the final weight, average daily weight gain, and average daily feed intake of fattening pigs in all experimental groups (P<0.05), and significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio (P<0.01). This result indicates that potassium heptadecanate, calcium heptadecanate, and magnesium heptadecanate have significant effects on improving the growth performance of fattening pigs. Potassium pentadecanoate was slightly less effective than heptadecanate in improving growth performance. Potassium laurate had no significant effect on growth performance.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] Seventy healthy Simmental cattle in good condition were randomly divided into seven groups of ten each. The basal diet of the control group was formulated according to the NYT815-2004 beef cattle feeding standard, with a roughage-to-concentrate ratio of approximately 51:49 [roughage consisted of 43.75% corn silage and 7.03% wheat straw; concentrate consisted of 26.47% corn, 3.9% wheat bran, 1.97% rapeseed meal, 2.49% sprayed corn husks, 2.52% cottonseed meal, 7.99% dried distillers' grains and their solubles, 0.56% salt, 1.1% dicalcium phosphate, and 2.22% vitamin and mineral premix (each kilogram of premix contains 90,000 IU of vitamin A, 100,000 IU of vitamin D3, 1,600 IU of vitamin E, 690 mg of vitamin B1, 750 mg of nicotinamide, 240 mg of copper, 1.7 g of manganese, 33 mg of iodine, 11 mg of selenium, and 28 mg of cobalt)]. The experimental groups were fed modified diets, which consisted of a basal diet supplemented with different doses of heptadecanoic acid or pentadecanoic acid. Experimental Group A: Modified Diet A (concentrate containing 0.5 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group B: Modified Diet B (concentrate containing 1.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group C: Modified Diet C (concentrate containing 2.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group D: Modified Diet D (concentrate containing 5.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group E: Modified Diet E (concentrate containing 10.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Control Group: Modified Diet F (concentrate containing 5.0 g / kg pentadecanoic acid). Feeding was conducted at 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM daily. The pre-trial period was 7 days, and the experimental period was 90 days. The cattle were weighed before morning feeding on the first and 91st days of the trial period, and the average daily weight gain was calculated.

[0061] Table 5. Effects of heptadecanoic acid and pentadecanoic acid on bovine growth indicators

[0062]

[0063] Table 5 shows that there was no significant difference in initial weight among the experimental groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the addition of different levels of heptadecanoic acid significantly improved the final weight and average daily weight gain of cattle in all experimental groups (P<0.05). This result indicates that heptadecanoic acid has a significant effect on improving the growth performance of cattle. Although the addition of pentadecanoic acid can also improve the growth performance of cattle to some extent, the effect is far less than that of heptadecanoic acid at the same level (P<0.05).

[0064] Example 5

[0065] Seventy healthy, well-fitting male Saanen dairy goats aged 6 months with similar weights were randomly divided into 7 groups of 10 each. The control group received a basal diet formulated according to the NRC nutritional requirements for dairy goats [corn 16.5%, soybean meal 7.5%, wheat bran 3.6%, rapeseed meal 0.9%, dicalcium phosphate 0.45%, salt 0.45%, vitamin and mineral premix 0.6% (each kg of premix contains 170,000 IU of vitamin A, 340,000 IU of vitamin D3, 300 IU of vitamin E, 256 mg of copper, 350 mg of manganese, 586 mg of zinc, and 765 mg of iron), 21% alfalfa hay, and 49% corn silage]. This basal diet was a total mixed ration (TMR). The experimental groups were fed a modified diet, which consisted of the basal diet supplemented with different doses of heptadecanoic acid or pentadecanoic acid. Experimental Group A: Adjusted diet A (basal diet + 0.5 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group B: Adjusted diet B (basal diet + 1.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group C: Adjusted diet C (basal diet + 2.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group D: Adjusted diet D (basal diet + 5.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group E: Adjusted diet E (basal diet + 10.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Control Group: Adjusted diet F (basal diet + 5.0 g / kg pentadecanoic acid). The experiment lasted 65 days, with a 5-day pre-trial period and a 60-day main trial period. Lambs were fed daily at 08:00 and 16:00. Lambs were weighed before morning feeding on day 1 and day 61 of the main trial period. Daily feed intake and uneaten feed were recorded, and average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were calculated.

[0066] Table 6. Effects of heptadecanoic acid and pentadecanoic acid on sheep growth indicators

[0067]

[0068] Table 6 shows that there was no significant difference in initial weight among the experimental sheep groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, after 60 days of feeding with different levels of heptadecanoic acid, all experimental groups showed significant increases in final weight and average daily weight gain (P<0.05). This result indicates that heptadecanoic acid has a significant effect on improving the growth performance of sheep. While adding 5 g / kg of pentadecanoic acid to the feed also improved the final weight and average daily weight gain to some extent, the effect was significantly less than that of the same level of heptadecanoic acid (P<0.05).

[0069] Example 6

[0070] Fifty Duroc × Landrace × Large White crossbred pigs of similar age, parity, and weight were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 pigs each. The control group was fed a basal diet consisting of: corn 58.48%, soybean meal 27%, brewer's grains 10%, dicalcium phosphate 1.52%, limestone powder 1.0%, salt 0.5%, corn oil 0.5%, and a vitamin and mineral premix of 1% (the premix provided 13500 IU of vitamin A, 3000 IU of vitamin D3, 3 mg of vitamin K3, 1.8 mg of vitamin B1, 6 mg of vitamin B2, 0.3 mg of vitamin B6, and 1% of vitamin B1 per kilogram of feed). 12 [0.024mg, Biotin 0.03mg, Folic Acid 0.9mg, Pantothenic Acid 15mg, Niacin 24mg, Copper 20mg, Iron 100mg, Manganese 40mg, Zinc 120mg, Iodine 0.3mg, Selenium 0.3mg] The experimental group was fed an adjusted diet, in which tridecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, and nonadecanoic acid were added to the basal diet to partially replace the corn oil in the basal diet (for example, 1kg of adjusted diet contains 2g of heptadecanoic acid, that is, the corn oil content in the adjusted diet is 0.3%, and the other components and contents are the same as those in the basal diet). The net energy of the adjusted diet was the same as that of the control group's basal diet. Experimental Group A: Adjusted diet A (containing 2.0 g / kg tridecanoic acid); Experimental Group B: Adjusted diet B (containing 2.0 g / kg pentadecanoic acid); Experimental Group C: Adjusted diet C (containing 2.0 g / kg heptadecanoic acid); Experimental Group D: Adjusted diet D (containing 2.0 g / kg nonadecanoic acid); Experimental Group E: Adjusted diet E (containing 2.0 g / kg octadecanoic acid). The pre-trial period was 5 days, and the formal trial period was 30 days. During the trial period, disease prevention and other management were carried out according to the pig farm's standard procedures. On the first and 31st days of the formal trial period, the finishing pigs were weighed before morning feeding. The daily feed intake and uneaten feed were recorded, and the average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were calculated.

[0071] Table 7. Effects of fatty acids with different carbon numbers on growth indicators of finishing pigs

[0072]

[0073] Table 7 shows that there was no significant difference in initial weight among the experimental groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the addition of heptadecanoic acid (experimental group C) significantly increased the final weight, average daily weight gain, and average daily feed intake of finishing pigs (P<0.01), and significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio (P<0.01). The addition of pentadecanoic acid (experimental group B) increased the final weight, average daily weight gain, and average daily feed intake of finishing pigs, and reduced the feed conversion ratio, but the effect was significantly less than that of heptadecanoic acid at the same level. The addition of tridecanoic acid (experimental group A), nonadecanoic acid (experimental group D), and octadecanoic acid (experimental group E) had no significant effect on the final weight, average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio of finishing pigs.

[0074] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of heptadecanoic acid compounds in improving animal growth performance.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heptadecanonical compounds are selected from one or more of heptadecanonical acid, heptadecanonical ester, or heptadecanonical salt.

3. The application according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metal ions in the heptadecanate are sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, cobalt, copper, chromium, manganese, or zinc.

4. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, Improving animal growth performance includes one or more of the following: increasing daily weight gain, increasing feed intake, and reducing feed conversion ratio.

5. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The animals mentioned are farmed animals.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The farmed animals are pigs, cattle, or sheep.

7. The application of the composition in improving animal growth performance, characterized in that, The composition contains heptadecanoic acid compounds.

8. The application of a feed additive in improving animal growth performance, characterized in that, The feed additive comprises: (a) heptadecanonical compounds, or combinations thereof; and (b) Acceptable feed additives.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The excipients are selected from one or more of the following: amino acids and their salts or analogs, vitamins and their analogs, enzyme preparations, microorganisms, antioxidants, traditional Chinese medicine powders, preservatives, antifungal agents, acidity regulators, colorants, flavoring agents, binders, anti-caking agents, stabilizers, or emulsifiers.

10. A method for improving animal growth performance, characterized in that, Animals were fed with heptadecanoic acid compounds or compositions containing heptadecanoic acid compounds.

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