Acetabulum file capable of continuously adjusting size

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgical instruments, in particular to an acetabulum file capable of continuously adjusting the size, which is used for solving the problem that the size of the existing acetabulum file is not easy to adjust, the acetabulum file comprises a transmission rod, the end part of the transmission rod is rotatably connected with a tool apron, and a plurality of blades are arranged on the tool apron in an annular array; the multiple blades jointly form the hemispherical acetabulum file head and can synchronously slide on the tool apron in the radial direction so as to be synchronously close to or away from each other, and therefore the size of the hemispherical acetabulum file head is adjusted. According to the acetabulum file, when the acetabulum file faces acetabulum with different sizes, the multiple blades are synchronously adjusted to synchronously linearly move towards the circle center position of the tool apron to be close to or far away from the circle center position, so that the diameter of the hemispherical tool bit formed by the multiple blades can be changed, and the acetabulum file is suitable for acetabulum with different sizes or different grinding requirements; and a plurality of acetabulum files with different sizes do not need to be alternately used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of orthopedic surgical instruments, specifically to an acetabular reamer with continuously adjustable dimensions. Background Technology

[0002] In orthopedic clinical surgery, hip replacement surgery, hip revision surgery, and other hip joint-related surgeries are the main means of treating serious hip joint diseases (such as femoral head necrosis, hip joint degeneration, acetabular deformity, etc.). As the core medical device in this type of surgery, the acetabular reamer's main function is to precisely ream and reshape the acetabulum of the patient, remove diseased cartilage, bone tissue, and irregular bone, and shape a hemispherical acetabular socket that fits the acetabular prosthesis. This provides a stable and fitting installation base for the acetabular prosthesis and directly affects the stability, fit, and postoperative recovery of hip joint function after implantation.

[0003] Currently, the acetabular reamers widely used in clinical practice are mainly divided into two categories: fixed-size and stepped adjustable-size. Fixed-size acetabular reamers are the most mainstream application type. Their blades are integrally formed hemispherical structures, and each acetabular reamer corresponds to only a single fixed hemispherical diameter specification. Stepped adjustable-size acetabular reamers mostly adopt modular combination or layered nested structures, which can only achieve a limited number of stepped size adjustments and cannot achieve continuous size adjustment.

[0004] However, due to significant individual differences in body size and acetabular development among different patients, even the acetabulum of the same patient may have irregular internal shape. During the operation, it is necessary to adjust the size of the acetabular file head in real time according to the actual size and shape of the acetabulum in order to achieve the purpose of precise trimming. Existing acetabular reamers have several insurmountable drawbacks in practical applications: Firstly, fixed-size acetabular reamers require medical staff to prepare multiple reamer heads of different diameters in advance. During surgery, different sizes of reamer heads need to be repeatedly disassembled and replaced according to the acetabular trimming situation. This not only increases the workload and cost of preparing surgical instruments but also prolongs the operation time and increases the risk of intraoperative bleeding and infection for patients. Frequent instrument changes may also affect the continuity and precision of the surgical procedure. Secondly, while stepped adjustable-size acetabular reamers can reduce the number of reamer head replacements, they can only achieve a limited range of size adjustments and cannot achieve continuous fine-tuning. They are difficult to accurately adapt to the personalized shape of the acetabulum and are prone to over-refining or under-trimming, which in turn affects the fit between the acetabular prosthesis and the acetabulum, reduces the long-term stability of the prosthesis after implantation, and may even lead to postoperative complications such as prosthesis loosening and dislocation, affecting the patient's postoperative recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an acetabular file whose size can be continuously adjusted to solve the problem that the size of existing acetabular files is not easy to adjust.

[0006] To alleviate the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: An acetabular file with continuously adjustable size includes a drive rod, the end of which is rotatably connected to a blade holder. Multiple blades are arranged in a circular array on the blade holder, and the multiple blades are combined to form a hemispherical acetabular file head. The multiple blades can synchronously slide radially on the blade holder to synchronously move closer to or further away from each other, thereby adjusting the size of the hemispherical acetabular file head.

[0007] Furthermore, a cone block is axially slidably connected to the end of the transmission rod, and a first slider and a second slider are fixedly connected to each of the multiple blades. The blade holder is provided with multiple sliding grooves that cooperate with the first slider, and the side wall of the cone block is provided with multiple sliding grooves that cooperate with the multiple second sliders. When the cone block slides axially, it can drive the multiple blades to move closer or further away synchronously.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission rod is internally threaded with a threaded rod, the end of which is rotatably connected to the cone block. When the threaded rod rotates, it can move axially relative to the transmission rod, thereby driving the cone block to move axially.

[0009] Furthermore, the tail end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to an adjusting ring, the threaded rod is inserted into the adjusting ring, and the threaded rod is slidably connected to the adjusting ring, so that the adjusting ring can drive the threaded rod to rotate synchronously, and the threaded rod can slide axially on the adjusting ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjusting ring is provided with a display window, and the end of the transmission rod is provided with an indicator scale, which can be displayed through the display window.

[0011] Furthermore, the tail end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to a handle via two symmetrical semi-cylinders. The adjusting ring has two arc-shaped grooves, and the two semi-cylinders are respectively inserted into the two arc-shaped grooves and can slide relative to the corresponding arc-shaped grooves.

[0012] Furthermore, a first positioning rod is slidably connected to the side of the handle facing the adjusting ring, a spring is connected between the first positioning rod and the handle, and the end of the first positioning rod is provided with a rounded corner. The end face of the adjusting ring is provided with a plurality of first grooves arranged in a ring array to cooperate with the first positioning rod.

[0013] Furthermore, a second positioning rod is slidably connected to the first slider, and a spring is connected between the second positioning rod and the first slider. The end of the second positioning rod is provided with a rounded corner, and a plurality of second grooves that cooperate with the second positioning rod are linearly arrayed in the slide groove of the tool holder.

[0014] Furthermore, the tool holder has an annular groove inside, and multiple blades are arranged in an annular array on the inner wall of the annular groove. The end of the transmission rod has multiple air vents, which can blow the multiple blades to make the tool holder rotate. The handle has an interface at its tail end for connecting to an external high-pressure air source, and the transmission rod and the handle together have an air duct connecting the interface and the air outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, a spherical mesh cover is fixedly connected to the blade holder, and the spherical mesh cover is located inside the hemispherical acetabular file.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are analyzed as follows: An acetabular file with continuously adjustable size includes a drive rod, the end of which is rotatably connected to a cutter holder. Multiple blades are arranged in a circular array on the cutter holder, and the multiple blades are combined to form a hemispherical acetabular file head. The multiple blades can slide radially synchronously on the cutter holder to move closer or further away from each other, thereby adjusting the size of the hemispherical acetabular file head.

[0017] The blade holder is rotatably connected to the end of the transmission rod. Multiple blades are radially slidably connected to the blade holder, each blade being arc-shaped. The multiple blades together form a hemispherical blade head. When the blade holder rotates, it can drive the blade head to rotate synchronously, thereby performing cutting. When facing acetabulum of different sizes, the multiple blades can be adjusted to move linearly closer to or away from the center of the blade holder, thereby changing the diameter of the hemispherical blade head formed by the multiple blades. This adapts to different sizes of acetabulum or different grinding needs, so that during surgery, it is not necessary to use multiple acetabular abrasives of different sizes alternately. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spherical mesh cover of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the first slider of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the cone block of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the second groove of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the first groove of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 100, transmission rod; 110, handle; 200, tool holder; 210, spherical mesh cover; 300, threaded rod; 310, cone block; 320, blade; 321, first slider; 322, second slider; 330, adjusting ring; 331, first positioning rod; 332, first groove; 333, display window; 340, second positioning rod; 341, second groove; 400, interface; 410, air vent; 420, annular groove; 430, blade. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Examples, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, an acetabular file with continuously adjustable size includes a transmission rod 100, the end of which is rotatably connected to a blade holder 200. Multiple blades 320 are arranged in a circular array on the blade holder 200. The multiple blades 320 are combined to form a hemispherical acetabular file head. The multiple blades 320 can synchronously slide radially on the blade holder 200 to synchronously move closer or further away from each other, thereby adjusting the size of the hemispherical acetabular file head.

[0022] The blade holder 200 is rotatably connected to the end of the transmission rod 100. Multiple blades 320 are radially slidably connected to the blade holder 200. Each blade 320 is arc-shaped, and the multiple blades 320 together form a hemispherical blade head. When the blade holder 200 rotates, it can drive the blade head to rotate synchronously, thereby performing cutting. When facing acetabulum of different sizes, by synchronously adjusting the multiple blades 320 to move linearly closer to or away from the center position of the blade holder 200, the diameter of the hemispherical blade head formed by the multiple blades 320 can be changed, thereby adapting to different sizes of acetabulum or different grinding needs. Thus, during surgery, it is not necessary to use multiple acetabular abrasives of different sizes alternately.

[0023] The end of the transmission rod 100 is axially slidably connected to a cone block 310. A first slider 321 and a second slider 322 are fixedly connected to each of the multiple blades 320. The blade holder 200 is provided with multiple sliding grooves that cooperate with the first slider 321. The side wall of the cone block 310 is provided with multiple sliding grooves that cooperate with the multiple second sliders 322. When the cone block 310 slides axially, it can drive the multiple blades 320 to move closer or further away synchronously.

[0024] The first slider 321 restricts the sliding direction of the blade 320, so that the blade 320 can only slide in a straight line relative to the tool holder 200 to move closer to or away from the center of the tool holder 200. When the cone block 310 slides axially, it can push multiple blades 320 away synchronously through the second slider 322. The second slider 322 will not detach from the cone block 310, thus ensuring that the sliding of the cone block 310 can also drive multiple blades 320 to move closer synchronously.

[0025] The transmission rod 100 is internally threaded with a threaded rod 300. The end of the threaded rod 300 is rotatably connected to the cone block 310. When the threaded rod 300 rotates, it can move axially relative to the transmission rod 100, thereby driving the cone block 310 to move axially.

[0026] Since the threaded rod 300 is threadedly connected inside the transmission rod 100, the threaded rod 300 can slide axially relative to the transmission rod 100 when it rotates, and can drive the cone block 310 to move axially when the threaded rod 300 moves axially, thereby adjusting the size of the cutter head.

[0027] An adjusting ring 330 is rotatably connected to the tail end of the transmission rod 100. A threaded rod 300 is inserted into the adjusting ring 330, and the threaded rod 300 and the adjusting ring 330 are slidably connected. Thus, the adjusting ring 330 can drive the threaded rod 300 to rotate synchronously, and the threaded rod 300 can slide axially on the adjusting ring 330.

[0028] The adjusting ring 330 rotates at the tail end of the transmission rod 100. The two can be connected by a bearing so that the adjusting ring 330 will not move axially relative to the transmission rod 100. Since the threaded rod 300 and the adjusting ring 330 are connected by a key, the adjusting ring 330 can drive the threaded rod 300 to rotate when it rotates. At this time, the threaded rod 300 will slide axially relative to the adjusting ring 330.

[0029] The adjusting ring 330 has a display window 333, and the end of the transmission rod 100 is provided with an indicator scale, which can be displayed through the display window 333.

[0030] The display window 333 is used to display the indicator scale engraved at the tail end of the transmission rod 100. The indicator scale can be the rotation angle of the adjustment ring 330 or the corresponding size of the cutter head after the adjustment ring 330 is rotated. The size of the cutter head can be marked and engraved by measurement during manufacturing.

[0031] The tail end of the transmission rod 100 is fixedly connected to a handle 110 via two symmetrical semi-cylinders. The adjusting ring 330 has two arc-shaped grooves, and the two semi-cylinders are respectively inserted into the two arc-shaped grooves and can slide relative to the corresponding arc-shaped grooves.

[0032] The handle 110 and the transmission rod 100 are fixedly connected by two semi-cylinders. These two semi-cylinders can be one-third or one-quarter of a cylinder respectively. Two symmetrical arc-shaped grooves are axially opened on the adjusting ring 330. The semi-cylinders are inserted into the arc-shaped grooves and can slide relative to the arc-shaped grooves to ensure that the adjusting ring 330 can rotate and to ensure a rigid connection between the handle 110 and the transmission rod 100.

[0033] A first positioning rod 331 is slidably connected to the side of the handle 110 facing the adjustment ring 330. A spring is connected between the first positioning rod 331 and the handle 110. The end of the first positioning rod 331 is provided with a rounded corner. The end face of the adjustment ring 330 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 332 arranged in a ring array to cooperate with the first positioning rod 331.

[0034] When the adjusting ring 330 rotates, the first positioning rod 331 can be inserted into multiple first grooves 332 in turn. Whenever the first positioning rod 331 is inserted into a first groove 332, the display window 333 is aligned with a value on the indicator scale. At this time, the cutter head is adjusted to a corresponding size. When the first positioning rod 331 is inserted into the first groove 332, the adjusting ring 330 is not easy to rotate, thereby ensuring the dimensional stability of the cutter head.

[0035] A second positioning rod 340 is slidably connected to the first slider 321. A spring connects the second positioning rod 340 to the first slider 321. The end of the second positioning rod 340 is rounded. Multiple second grooves 341 that cooperate with the second positioning rod 340 are linearly arrayed in the groove of the tool holder 200.

[0036] The cooperation between the second positioning rod 340 and multiple second grooves 341 allows the position of the blade 320 to be limited. When the adjusting ring 330 rotates, it drives the blade 320 to slide. When the first positioning rod 331 is inserted into a first groove 332, the second positioning rod 340 is also inserted into the second groove 341. Through dual positioning, the dimensional stability of the blade head is ensured.

[0037] The tool holder 200 has an annular groove 420 inside, and multiple blades 430 are installed in an annular array on the inner wall of the annular groove 420. Multiple air vents 410 are provided at the end of the transmission rod 100. The multiple air vents 410 can blow the multiple blades 430 to make the tool holder 200 rotate. The handle 110 has an interface 400 at its tail end. The interface 400 is used to connect to an external high-pressure air source, and the transmission rod 100 and the handle 110 have a common air duct connecting the interface 400 and the air vents 410.

[0038] An external high-pressure air pipe is connected to interface 400. The high-pressure air enters the air duct through interface 400 and is then discharged from air outlet 410, blowing the blades 430 to rotate the cutter holder 200, forming the structure of an air cannon. The rotating cutter holder 200 drives the cutter head to rotate at high speed, thereby performing cutting.

[0039] A spherical mesh cover 210 is fixedly connected to the blade holder 200. The spherical mesh cover 210 is located inside the hemispherical acetabular file.

[0040] The spherical mesh cover 210 protects the cone block 310 and other structures on the blade holder 200, preventing bone fragments from entering the cone block 310 and causing the blade 320 to become stuck.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An acetabular reamer with continuously adjustable dimensions, characterized in that: The device includes a transmission rod (100), the end of which is rotatably connected to a cutter holder (200). The cutter holder (200) is provided with a plurality of blades (320) arranged in a ring array. The plurality of blades (320) are combined to form a hemispherical acetabular file head. The plurality of blades (320) can synchronously slide radially on the cutter holder (200) to synchronously move closer or further away from each other, thereby adjusting the size of the hemispherical acetabular file head.

2. The continuously adjustable acetabular file according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the transmission rod (100) is axially slidably connected to a cone block (310). A first slider (321) and a second slider (322) are fixedly connected to each of the multiple blades (320). The blade holder (200) is provided with multiple sliding grooves that cooperate with the first slider (321). The side wall of the cone block (310) is provided with multiple sliding grooves that cooperate with the multiple second sliders (322). When the cone block (310) slides axially, it can drive the multiple blades (320) to move closer or further away synchronously.

3. The continuously adjustable acetabular file according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission rod (100) is internally threaded with a threaded rod (300). The end of the threaded rod (300) is rotatably connected to the cone block (310). When the threaded rod (300) rotates, it can move axially relative to the transmission rod (100), thereby driving the cone block (310) to move axially.

4. The continuously adjustable acetabular file according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tail end of the transmission rod (100) is rotatably connected to an adjusting ring (330), and the threaded rod (300) is inserted into the adjusting ring (330). The threaded rod (300) and the adjusting ring (330) are slidably connected, so that the adjusting ring (330) can drive the threaded rod (300) to rotate synchronously, and the threaded rod (300) can slide axially on the adjusting ring (330).

5. The continuously adjustable acetabular file according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting ring (330) has a display window (333), and the end of the transmission rod (100) is provided with an indicator scale, which can be displayed through the display window (333).

6. The continuously adjustable acetabular file according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tail end of the transmission rod (100) is fixedly connected to a handle (110) via two symmetrical semi-cylinders. The adjusting ring (330) has two arc-shaped grooves. The two semi-cylinders are respectively inserted into the two arc-shaped grooves and can slide relative to the corresponding arc-shaped grooves.

7. The continuously adjustable acetabular reamer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The handle (110) is slidably connected to a first positioning rod (331) on the side facing the adjusting ring (330). A spring is connected between the first positioning rod (331) and the handle (110). The end of the first positioning rod (331) is provided with a rounded corner. The end face of the adjusting ring (330) is provided with a plurality of first grooves (332) arranged in a ring array to cooperate with the first positioning rod (331).

8. The continuously adjustable acetabular file according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second positioning rod (340) is slidably connected to the first slider (321). A spring is connected between the second positioning rod (340) and the first slider (321). The end of the second positioning rod (340) is provided with a rounded corner. A plurality of second grooves (341) that cooperate with the second positioning rod (340) are linearly arrayed in the groove of the tool holder (200).

9. The continuously adjustable acetabular file according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tool holder (200) has an annular groove (420) inside, and multiple blades (430) are installed in an annular array on the inner wall of the annular groove (420). The end of the transmission rod (100) has multiple air vents (410), and the multiple air vents (410) can blow the multiple blades (430) to make the tool holder (200) rotate. The handle (110) is provided with an interface (400) at its tail end. The interface (400) is used to connect to an external high-pressure air source. The transmission rod (100) and the handle (110) are provided with an air duct that connects the interface (400) and the air outlet (410).

10. The continuously adjustable acetabular reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spherical mesh cover (210) is fixedly connected to the blade holder (200), and the spherical mesh cover (210) is located inside the hemispherical acetabular file.

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