Breathing machine air path system and using method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical breathing support equipment, and discloses a breathing machine gas path system and a use method, the system comprises an air input channel, an oxygen input channel, an air-oxygen mixing device and a controller; one end of the air-oxygen mixing device is provided with an air mixing inlet and an oxygen mixing inlet, and the other end is connected with a mixing output pipeline; the oxygen mixing inlet is connected with a Venturi tube arranged in the air-oxygen mixing device; the mixed output pipeline is connected with an anti-suffocation valve through a pipeline, the other end of the anti-suffocation valve is connected with a breathing connector through a pipeline, and the pipeline for connecting the anti-suffocation valve and the breathing connector is connected with an anti-suffocation exhaust port through a bypass; a first two-position three-way normally-closed valve is connected to the pipeline connecting the anti-suffocation valve and the mixed output pipeline through a bypass. The two-position three-way normally-closed valves are combined with the air-oxygen mixing cavity, so that air path modularization and standardization are achieved, the system structure is remarkably simplified, and the number of parts and connectors is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical respiratory support equipment technology, specifically relating to a ventilator airway system and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing technologies for emergency transport ventilators suffer from problems such as complex structure, redundant components, high oxygen consumption, inconvenient maintenance, and low fault tolerance. The complex structure and redundant components of existing emergency or transport ventilators result in a large overall system size, making operation and maintenance difficult. This complex structure not only increases production and manufacturing costs but also makes the equipment more prone to failure in actual use, requiring frequent inspections and maintenance by professionals, further increasing operational difficulty and time costs. Traditional gas path systems require multiple separate modules, with cumbersome assembly and disassembly processes, increasing operational difficulty and time costs. This modular design not only affects the overall performance and stability of the equipment but also makes it less adaptable to different environments, hindering its ability to quickly respond to diverse usage scenarios. Existing systems have significant problems with oxygen consumption, affecting the ventilator's usage time and effectiveness. When the oxygen consumption rate exceeds the replenishment rate, the pressure inside the oxygen storage tank drops, affecting the normal operation of the ventilator and potentially causing interruptions, thus reducing overall effectiveness.

[0003] Current ventilator airway systems lack effective automatic calibration mechanisms, requiring frequent manual calibration, which increases operational burden and reduces system reliability. Manual calibration not only increases the risk of human error but can also lead to untimely or inaccurate calibration, thus affecting the ventilator's precision and safety, and increasing the operator's workload. Existing systems have low response speed and fault tolerance in emergency situations, making it difficult to meet the diverse needs of emergency transport scenarios. In emergencies, slow system response may lead to further aggravation of the patient's condition or missed opportunities for optimal treatment, while low fault tolerance increases the risk of equipment failure, affecting the continuity and effectiveness of emergency medical services.

[0004] Chinese patent publication number CN116077788A, entitled "A patent application for an intelligent ventilator airway system with air-oxygen mixing", describes a system that, by setting up a housing, airway components, a manifold, and a rear and front section tube, can filter and humidify the breathing air of the wearer when used together.

[0005] However, the patent application still has shortcomings in the design of the airway components and manifold, and its service life and reliability need to be improved. Furthermore, although the system achieves humidification of the air breathed by the wearer through functional components, in actual use, there are problems with the inconvenience of replacing and maintaining the humidifying cotton and the fixing frame, affecting the overall performance of the system and the user experience. Especially during prolonged use or high-intensity treatments, the continuous effectiveness and ease of maintenance of the humidification system cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a ventilator airway system and a method of use, thereby solving the problems of complex structure, redundant components, high oxygen consumption, inconvenient maintenance and low fault tolerance of the ventilator airway system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A ventilator airway system includes: an air input channel, an oxygen input channel, an air-oxygen mixing device, and a controller; one end of the air-oxygen mixing device has an air mixing inlet and an oxygen mixing inlet, and the other end is connected to a mixing output pipe; the oxygen mixing inlet is connected to a Venturi tube disposed inside the air-oxygen mixing device; the mixing output pipe is connected to an anti-asphyxiation valve via a pipe, the other end of the anti-asphyxiation valve is connected to a breathing interface via a pipe, and an anti-asphyxiation exhaust port is connected to the pipe connecting the anti-asphyxiation valve and the breathing interface via a bypass; a first two-position three-position normally closed valve is connected to the pipe connecting the anti-asphyxiation valve and the mixing output pipe via a bypass. The other two ports of the first two-position three-position normally closed valve are respectively connected to a second two-position three-position normally closed valve and a third two-position three-position normally closed valve via pipes; the other two ports of the second two-position three-position normally closed valve are respectively connected to an exhalation monitoring port and a calibration exhaust port via pipes, and a third pressure sensor is installed in the pipe connected to the exhalation monitoring port; the other two ports of the third two-position three-position normally closed valve are respectively connected to a fourth pressure sensor and an inhalation monitoring port via pipes, and a fifth pressure sensor is installed in the pipe connected to the inhalation monitoring port; the anti-asphyxiation valve, the first two-position three-position normally closed valve, the second two-position three-position normally closed valve, and the third two-position three-position normally closed valve are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0008] Optionally, the air input channel is connected to an air filter via a pipe, and the other end of the air filter is connected to the air mixing inlet of the air-oxygen mixing device.

[0009] Optionally, the oxygen input channel includes a high-pressure oxygen input channel and a low-pressure oxygen input channel, which are connected to the same oxygen mixing inlet via a three-way pipe.

[0010] Optionally, a baffle is provided in the middle of the air-oxygen mixing device, the baffle has through holes, and a plurality of guide plates fixed to the inner wall of the air-oxygen mixing device are provided on the side of the baffle facing away from the venturi tube.

[0011] Optionally, an annular guide wall is provided on the baffle plate. One end of the annular guide wall is connected to the edge of the through hole of the baffle plate and is connected to the side of the baffle plate facing the mixing output pipe. The diameter of the end of the annular guide wall connected to the through hole of the baffle plate is the same as the diameter of the through hole, and the other end faces the mixing output pipe and the diameter decreases linearly.

[0012] Optionally, the guide plate is inclined toward the direction of the partition.

[0013] Optionally, multiple guide vanes are arranged around the inner wall of the air-oxygen mixing device to form a guide vane ring, and multiple guide vane rings are arranged along the axial direction of the air-oxygen mixing device.

[0014] Optionally, the high-pressure oxygen input channel is connected to a first high-pressure oxygen filter via a pipeline, and the first high-pressure oxygen filter is connected to a second high-pressure oxygen filter via a pipeline; a pressure reducing valve and a proportional valve are sequentially installed in the pipeline connecting the first high-pressure oxygen filter and the second high-pressure oxygen filter along the gas input direction; the second high-pressure oxygen filter is connected to the oxygen mixing inlet of an air-oxygen mixing device via a pipeline.

[0015] Optionally, a second pressure sensor is installed in the pipeline between the pressure reducing valve and the proportional valve; a first flow sensor is installed in the pipeline connecting the high-pressure oxygen second filter device and the air-oxygen mixing device.

[0016] The method of using a ventilator airway system includes the following steps: When the ventilator airway system performs inspiratory phase monitoring, the first two-position three-position normally closed valve is connected to the third two-position three-position normally closed valve and closed to the second two-position three-position normally closed valve. The third two-position three-position normally closed valve is connected to the inspiratory monitoring port and closed to the fourth pressure sensor. The inspiratory pressure is collected in real time through the fifth pressure sensor. When the ventilator airway system performs expiratory phase monitoring, the first two-position three-normally closed valve is connected to the second two-position three-normally closed valve and closed to the third two-position three-normally closed valve. The second two-position three-normally closed valve is connected to the expiratory monitoring port and closed to the calibration exhaust port. The positive end-expiratory pressure and expiratory resistance are monitored by the third pressure sensor. When the ventilator airway system is automatically zeroed, the first two-position three-position normally closed valve is connected to the second two-position three-position normally closed valve and closed to the third two-position three-position normally closed valve. The second two-position three-position normally closed valve is connected to the calibration exhaust port and closed to the exhalation monitoring port. The third pressure sensor is in a zero gauge pressure state, and the controller reads the voltage output of the third pressure sensor at this time as the zero-point bias value. When the ventilator airway system performs a leak self-check, it controls the first two-position three-position normally closed valve to connect with the third two-position three-position normally closed valve and close with the second two-position three-position normally closed valve; so that the breathing interface is in a closed state, and controls the third two-position three-position normally closed valve to connect with the fourth pressure sensor. The fourth pressure sensor monitors the internal pressure holding capacity of the system and determines whether the tubing has come loose or has a serious leak.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves modularization and standardization of the gas path by combining multiple two-position three-position normally closed valves with an air-oxygen mixing chamber. This significantly simplifies the system structure, reduces the number of components and interfaces, effectively reduces the overall system volume, and makes operation and maintenance more convenient. In addition, the combination of two-position three-position normally closed valves in this invention can achieve inhalation, exhalation, standby switching and calibration without disassembling the tubing by controlling the opening and closing of the valves. This facilitates system automation, reduces manual operation, and solves the sensor temperature drift problem through electronic switching, reducing maintenance costs, improving the reliability of clinical data, and enhancing the reliability and stability of the system.

[0018] The gas path system of this invention adopts a combination of air input channel, low-pressure oxygen input and high-pressure oxygen input channel, and forms an adjustable oxygen concentration gas path by combining a proportional valve with a mixing chamber, thereby achieving precise control of oxygen, significantly reducing oxygen consumption and extending the use time of the ventilator.

[0019] The mixing chamber of this invention employs a Venturi jet structure to enhance the mixing effect. Utilizing the ejection effect of the oxygen jet and the turbulence effect of the mechanical guide plate, it achieves uniform air-oxygen mixing within a very small volume. Furthermore, it is equipped with a proportional valve for oxygen-saving control, enabling thorough gas mixing and precise oxygen regulation. In addition, the Venturi structure can utilize oxygen energy to assist in work, reducing battery energy consumption.

[0020] This invention, through a proportional valve and multiple two-position three-position normally closed valves, enables switching the gas path to connect to the atmospheric reference end or the internal closed loop for zero-point calibration and leak detection, thereby realizing the system's self-diagnosis and maintenance, and improving the system's maintainability and fault tolerance.

[0021] This invention uses a two-position, three-position normally closed valve to directly guide the breathing interface, enabling rapid response and higher flow rates of pure oxygen flushing. This improves the system's response speed in emergency situations and provides better protection for emergency transport scenarios.

[0022] This invention, by setting an anti-suffocation valve, can automatically establish a direct circuit between the breathing interface and the atmosphere in the event of a power outage or malfunction, thus preventing suffocation.

[0023] This invention enables modularization and standardization of the gas circuit, reduces components and interfaces, improves automation, and has functions such as oxygen-saving mixing control, asphyxiation prevention and redundant bypass structure to meet the diverse needs of emergency transport scenarios.

[0024] This invention improves system reliability through a redundant bypass structure, prevents equipment failure caused by a single fault, and ensures continuity of use. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely schematic to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall gas path structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air mixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a logic connection block diagram of the bypass monitoring and calibration valve group according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow direction of the system in self-test or calibration mode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a logic block diagram of the controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention; 1. Air input channel; 2. High-pressure oxygen input channel; 3. Low-pressure oxygen input channel; 4. High-pressure oxygen first filter; 5. Air filter; 6. Pressure reducing valve; 7. First check valve; 8. Second pressure sensor; 9. Proportional valve; 10. High-pressure oxygen second filter; 11. First pressure sensor; 12. First flow sensor; 13. Air-oxygen mixing device; 131. Air mixing inlet; 132. Oxygen mixing inlet; 133. Venturi tube; 134. Baffle; 135. Baffle plate; 136. Mixing... Output pipe; 1361, Humidifier module interface; 14, Air supply fan; 15, Oxygen sensor; 16, Second flow sensor; 17, Second check valve; 18, First two-position three-position normally closed valve; 19, Second two-position three-position normally closed valve; 20, Third two-position three-position normally closed valve; 21, Fourth pressure sensor; 22, Fifth pressure sensor; 23, Inhalation monitoring port; 24, Calibration exhaust port; 25, Exhalation monitoring port; 26, Third pressure sensor; 27, Anti-asphyxiation valve; 28, Anti-asphyxiation exhaust port; 29, Breathing interface. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0029] When an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments. The use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it may be slightly tilted. "Horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it may be slightly tilted.

[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or collections thereof.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification and appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] A ventilator airway system of the present invention includes: an air input channel 1, an oxygen input channel 3, an air-oxygen mixing device 13, and a controller; one end of the air-oxygen mixing device 13 has an air mixing inlet 131 and an oxygen mixing inlet 132, and the other end is connected to a mixing output pipe 136; the oxygen mixing inlet 132 is connected to a Venturi tube 133 disposed inside the air-oxygen mixing device 13; the mixing output pipe 136 is connected to an anti-asphyxiation valve 27 via a pipe, the other end of the anti-asphyxiation valve 27 is connected to a breathing interface 29 via a pipe, and an anti-asphyxiation exhaust port 28 is connected to the pipe connecting the anti-asphyxiation valve 27 and the breathing interface 29 via a bypass; a first two-position three-way valve is connected to the pipe connecting the anti-asphyxiation valve 27 and the mixing output pipe 136 via a bypass. The first two-position three-position normally closed valve 18 has two other ports connected to a second two-position three-position normally closed valve 19 and a third two-position three-position normally closed valve 20 via pipes. The second two-position three-position normally closed valve 19 has two other ports connected to an exhalation monitoring port 25 and a calibration exhaust port 24 via pipes. A third pressure sensor 26 is installed in the pipe connected to the exhalation monitoring port 25. The third two-position three-position normally closed valve 20 has two other ports connected to a fourth pressure sensor 21 and an inhalation monitoring port 23 via pipes. A fifth pressure sensor 22 is installed in the pipe connected to the inhalation monitoring port 23. The anti-asphyxiation valve 27, the first two-position three-position normally closed valve 18, the second two-position three-position normally closed valve 19, and the third two-position three-position normally closed valve 20 are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0034] The gas path system of the present invention adopts a combination of air input channel 1, low-pressure oxygen input 3 and high-pressure oxygen input channel 2, and forms an adjustable oxygen concentration FiO2 gas path by combining with the mixing chamber 13 through the proportional valve 9, thereby achieving precise control of oxygen, significantly reducing oxygen consumption and extending the use time of the ventilator.

[0035] The mixing chamber 13 of this invention employs a Venturi jet structure to enhance the mixing effect. Utilizing the ejection effect of the oxygen jet and the turbulence effect of the mechanical guide plate, it achieves uniform air-oxygen mixing within a very small volume. Furthermore, it is equipped with a proportional valve 9 for oxygen control, enabling thorough gas mixing and precise oxygen regulation. In addition, the Venturi structure can utilize oxygen energy to assist in work, reducing battery energy consumption.

[0036] This invention, through a proportional valve 9 and multiple two-position three-position normally closed valves, enables switching the gas path to connect to the atmospheric reference end or the internal closed loop for zero-point calibration and leak detection, thereby realizing the system's self-diagnosis and maintenance, and improving the system's maintainability and fault tolerance.

[0037] Example 1 An airway system for an emergency transport ventilator includes: an air input channel 1, a hyperbaric oxygen input channel 2, a low-pressure oxygen input channel 3, a controller, and a power supply.

[0038] The air input channel 1 is connected to an air filter 5 via a pipe. The air filter 5 has an input end and an output end. The input end of the air filter 5 is connected to the air input channel 1, and the output end is connected to the air filter 5 via a pipe. The air filter 5 is used to filter out dust and pathogens. The air filter 5 is connected to an air-oxygen mixing device 13 via a pipe. A first pressure sensor 11 is installed in the pipe connecting the air-oxygen mixing device 13 and the air filter 5. The first pressure sensor 11 is located after the air filter 5 and is used to monitor the intake negative pressure in real time. If the negative pressure is too high, it indicates that the filter is clogged.

[0039] The air-oxygen mixing device 13 has an air mixing inlet 131 and an oxygen mixing inlet 132 at one end, and a mixing output pipe 136 at the other end.

[0040] Optionally, the air-oxygen mixing device 13 is a hollow rectangular body or a hollow cylinder.

[0041] The oxygen mixing inlet 132 is connected to a venturi tube 133 located inside the air-oxygen mixing device 13.

[0042] Specifically, the diameter of the middle section of the Venturi tube 133 is smaller than the diameters of both ends, and the diameter increases linearly from the middle section to both ends. The ejector structure of the Venturi tube 133 can generate a local negative pressure in the middle section when oxygen is ejected at high speed, which helps to draw in air from the air inlet and reduces the load on the air supply fan.

[0043] The air-oxygen mixing device 13 is equipped with a baffle 134, which is located between the end of the venturi tube 133 facing the mixing output pipe 136 and the inlet end of the mixing output pipe 136. The baffle 134 has a through hole and an annular guide wall 1341. One end of the annular guide wall 1341 is connected to the edge of the through hole in the baffle 134, and the annular guide wall 1341 is connected to the side of the baffle 134 facing the mixing output pipe 136. The diameter of the end of the annular guide wall 1341 connected to the through hole in the baffle 134 is the same as the diameter of the through hole, while the other end faces the mixing output pipe 136 and its diameter decreases linearly.

[0044] Specifically, the diameter of the through hole in the partition 134 is larger than the diameter of the end of the venturi tube 133 near the partition 134.

[0045] The baffle 134, through its through holes and annular guide wall 1341, can gather the gas introduced by the air mixing inlet 131 and the oxygen mixing inlet 132 and send it to the other end of the air-oxygen mixing device 13.

[0046] The air-oxygen mixing device 13 has multiple guide plates 135 installed on the inner wall between the partition plate 134 and the inlet end of the mixing output pipe 136. The guide plates 135 are inclined towards the partition plate 134, that is, one end of the guide plate 135 is connected to the inner wall of the air-oxygen mixing device 13, and the other end extends towards the partition plate 134. Specifically, the guide plate 135 is a straight plate.

[0047] Optionally, multiple guide vanes 135 are arranged around the inner wall of the air-oxygen mixing device 13 to form a guide vane ring, and the multiple guide vane rings are arranged along the axial direction of the air-oxygen mixing device 13. Optionally, the guide vanes 135 on adjacent guide vane rings are staggered.

[0048] By setting the guide plate 135, the laminar gas can be forced to refract and turbulently, eliminating mixing dead zones and ensuring that the gas reaching the oxygen sensor 15 is mixed evenly, thus avoiding reading fluctuations.

[0049] Air mixing inlet 131 and oxygen mixing inlet 132 are located on the same end face of air-oxygen mixing device 13. Air-oxygen mixing device 13 has an outlet through hole on the end face opposite to this end face, and the inlet end of mixing output pipe 136 is connected to the outlet through hole.

[0050] Specifically, the diameter of the inlet end of the mixing output pipe 136 is the same as the diameter of the outlet through hole of the air-oxygen mixing device 13.

[0051] Optionally, the mixing output pipe 136 is provided with an annular groove 1361, which facilitates connection.

[0052] Optionally, the air filter 5 uses a HEPA filter.

[0053] The inlet of the high-pressure oxygen input channel 2 is used to connect to a central oxygen supply system or oxygen cylinder, and is suitable for gas sources with pressure in the range of 0.28MPa to 0.65MPa.

[0054] The hyperbaric oxygen input channel 2 is connected to a first hyperbaric oxygen filter 4 via a pipe. The first hyperbaric oxygen filter 4 is connected to a second hyperbaric oxygen filter 10 via a pipe. A pressure reducing valve 6 and a proportional valve 9 are sequentially installed along the gas input direction in the pipe connecting the first and second hyperbaric oxygen filters 4 and 10. A second pressure sensor 8 is installed in the pipe between the pressure reducing valve 6 and the proportional valve 9 to monitor the airway pressure delivered to the user. The proportional valve 9 is used to adjust the oxygen flow rate, achieving adjustable FiO2 (Fraction of Inspiration O2, FiO2, the fraction of oxygen concentration in inhaled air) control.

[0055] The proportional valve 9 is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0056] The high-pressure oxygen second filter device 10 is connected to the oxygen mixing inlet 132 of the air-oxygen mixing device 13 via a pipeline. A first flow sensor 12 is installed in the pipeline connecting the high-pressure oxygen second filter device 10 and the air-oxygen mixing device 13.

[0057] After passing through the first high-pressure oxygen filter 4, the gas enters the pressure reducing valve 6 and is stabilized to a suitable working pressure. The proportional valve 9 acts as an actuator, receiving signals from the controller to adjust its opening. The second pressure sensor 8 is used for gas source pressure alarm. The first flow sensor 12, located at the end, is used for accurate measurement of oxygen flow.

[0058] Optionally, in this embodiment, the proportional valve 9 is a two-position three-position normally closed valve.

[0059] The inlet of the low-pressure oxygen input channel 3 is used to connect an oxygen generator or oxygen bag, and is suitable for low-pressure gas sources with pressure less than 0.1 MPa or close to atmospheric pressure.

[0060] The low-pressure oxygen input channel 3 is connected to the oxygen mixing inlet 132 of the air-oxygen mixing device 13 via a pipe. A first one-way valve 7 is installed in the pipe connecting the low-pressure oxygen input channel 3 and the air-oxygen mixing device 13 to prevent backflow.

[0061] High-pressure oxygen mode: High-pressure oxygen enters the mixing chamber through pressure reducing valve 6 and proportional valve 9. At this time, a high pressure is established at the mixing inlet 132. The first one-way valve 7 is automatically closed under pressure to prevent high-pressure gas from flowing back into the low-pressure gas source.

[0062] Low-pressure oxygen mode: Normally, the high-pressure proportional valve 9 is closed, and oxygen enters by pushing open the first one-way valve 7 through its own flow rate or the negative pressure generated by the venturi tube 133 inside the air mixing device 13.

[0063] The output port of the air-oxygen mixing device 13 is connected to an anti-asphyxiation valve 27 via a pipe. The anti-asphyxiation valve 27 has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the anti-asphyxiation valve 27 is connected to the air-oxygen mixing device 13 via a pipe, and the outlet of the anti-asphyxiation valve 27 is connected to a breathing interface 29 via a pipe. An anti-asphyxiation exhaust port 28 is connected to the pipe connecting the anti-asphyxiation valve 27 and the breathing interface 29 via a pipe.

[0064] Optionally, the anti-suffocation valve 27 is a normally open solenoid valve or a pneumatic control valve.

[0065] An air supply fan 14, an oxygen sensor 15, and a second flow sensor 16 are sequentially arranged in the pipeline between the output port of the air-oxygen mixing device 13 and the anti-asphyxiation valve 27 along the gas input direction. The air supply fan 14 is used to deliver the mixed gas to the breathing interface 29.

[0066] The second flow sensor 16 is used to detect the actual inhalation flow rate. The oxygen sensor 15 is used to detect the oxygen concentration FiO2.

[0067] Optionally, the air supply fan 14 is a turbine fan.

[0068] Optionally, the air supply fan 14 adopts a micro turbine fan with high dynamic response, which establishes the suction pressure or flow rate according to the control command.

[0069] When the air supply fan 14 is powered on: the valve closes the anti-suffocation exhaust port 28 leading to the atmosphere, and the main passage from the air supply fan 14 to the breathing interface 29 is opened.

[0070] In the absence of power or in a fault state, the air supply fan 14 resets, cuts off the air supply fan 14 passage, and directly connects the breathing interface 29 to the anti-suffocation exhaust port 28, allowing the user to inhale ambient air without passing through the impeller of the high-resistance air supply fan 14, thus avoiding suffocation.

[0071] A bypass input pipe is connected to the pipeline between the output port of the air-oxygen mixing device 13 and the anti-asphyxiation valve 27. Specifically, the bypass input pipe is connected between the second flow sensor 16 and the input port of the anti-asphyxiation valve 27. The bypass input pipe is connected to a second one-way valve 17 via a tee. The second one-way valve 17 is connected to a first two-position three-way normally closed valve 18 via a pipeline.

[0072] The second flow sensor 16 is arranged between the output port of the air-oxygen mixing device 13 and the breathing interface 29, which can minimize the influence of tube volume on the measurement.

[0073] The bypass input pipeline is connected to a second check valve 17, and the second check valve 17 is connected to a first two-position three-position normally closed valve 18 via a pipeline. The first two-position three-position normally closed valve 18 has an input port and two output ports. The input port is connected to the second check valve 17, and the two output ports are respectively connected to a second two-position three-position normally closed valve 19 and a third two-position three-position normally closed valve 20 via pipelines.

[0074] Both the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19 and the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 have one inlet and two outlets.

[0075] The inlet of the second two-position three-normal-closed valve 19 is connected to the first two-position three-normal-closed valve 18, and one of its outlets is connected to an exhalation monitoring port 25. The exhalation monitoring port 25 is connected to an exhalation monitoring device. A third pressure sensor 26 is installed in the pipe connecting the exhalation monitoring port 25 and the second two-position three-normal-closed valve 19. The other outlet of the second two-position three-normal-closed valve 19 is connected to a calibration exhaust port 24.

[0076] The input port of the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 is connected to the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18. One of the output ports of the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 is connected to the fourth pressure sensor 21, and the other output port is connected to the suction monitoring port 23 through a pipe. The suction monitoring port 23 is connected to the suction monitoring device.

[0077] A fifth pressure sensor 22 is installed in the pipeline connecting the intake monitoring port 23 to the third two-position three-way normally closed valve 20.

[0078] Optionally, the air-oxygen mixing device 13 is equipped with a Venturi jet structure to enhance the uniformity of air and oxygen mixing. The air-oxygen mixing device 13 also includes a baffle plate to optimize the gas flow path and improve mixing efficiency. Furthermore, the air-oxygen mixing device 13 is equipped with a humidification device to heat and humidify the dry medical gas, improving user comfort.

[0079] Among them, the proportional valve 9, the first two-position three-position normally closed valve 18, the second two-position three-position normally closed valve 19 and the third two-position three-position normally closed valve 20 all realize the functions of exhalation control, gas source switching and automatic calibration through electronic control logic.

[0080] The first pressure sensor 11, the second pressure sensor 8, the first flow sensor 12, the oxygen sensor 15, the second flow sensor 16, the third pressure sensor 26, the fourth pressure sensor 21, the fifth pressure sensor 22, the air supply fan 14, the proportional valve 9, the anti-suffocation valve 27, the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18, the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19, and the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0081] Optionally, the controller is a CPU or an MCU.

[0082] The controller and the first pressure sensor 11, the second pressure sensor 8, the first flow sensor 12, the oxygen sensor 15, the second flow sensor 16, the third pressure sensor 26, the fourth pressure sensor 21, the fifth pressure sensor 22, the air supply fan 14, the proportional valve 9, the anti-suffocation valve 27, the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18, the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19, and the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 are all electrically connected to the power supply.

[0083] Preferably, the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18, the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19, and the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 are electrically controlled directional valves.

[0084] Specifically, in this embodiment, the controller and the first pressure sensor 11, the second pressure sensor 8, the first flow sensor 12, the oxygen sensor 15, the second flow sensor 16, the third pressure sensor 26, the fourth pressure sensor 21, and the fifth pressure sensor 22 constitute a sensor signal acquisition module.

[0085] In this embodiment, the air supply fan 14, the proportional valve 9, the anti-suffocation valve 27, the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18, the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19, and the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 constitute an actuator drive module. Further, the air supply fan 14 is communicatively connected to the controller via a motor driver; the proportional valve 9 is communicatively connected to the controller via a proportional valve driver; and the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18, the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19, and the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 are all communicatively connected to the controller via solenoid valve group drivers.

[0086] Example 2 In this embodiment, the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18, the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19, and the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 each have a common port, port P, and two working ports, port A and port B. By changing the position of the valve core, multiple logic states can be achieved. The valve core has two stable working positions: the first working position: port P and port A are connected, and port P and port B are closed; the second working position: port P and port B are connected, and port P and port A are closed.

[0087] In the default safety position when the device is powered off or lost, the active drive channel supplied to the user is closed or restricted. The system relies on the anti-suffocation valve 27 to provide the user with an autonomous breathing channel, thus forming a power outage safety strategy. Specifically, port A of the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18 is connected to port P of the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19; port B of the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18 is connected to port P of the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20.

[0088] Specifically, port A of the second two-position three-normal-closed valve 19 is connected to the exhalation monitoring port 25; port B of the second two-position three-normal-closed valve 19 is connected to the calibration exhaust port 24.

[0089] Specifically, port A of the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 is connected to the fourth pressure sensor 21; port B of the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19 is connected to the intake monitoring port 23.

[0090] This embodiment provides a method for using a ventilator airway system, including the following modes: Status 1: Inspiratory phase monitoring Control logic: The first two-position three-normally closed valve 18 is connected to port B, which leads to the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20. The third two-position three-normally closed valve 20 is connected to port B, which leads to the intake monitoring port 23.

[0091] Function: The fifth pressure sensor 22 is connected to the inhalation monitoring port 23 to collect the inhalation pressure near the affected end in real time.

[0092] Status 2: Expiratory phase monitoring Control logic: The first two-position three-normally closed valve 18 is connected to port A and leads to the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19. The second two-position three-normally closed valve 19 is connected to port A and leads to the exhalation monitoring port 25.

[0093] Function: The third pressure sensor 26 is connected to the expiratory monitoring port 25 to monitor positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and expiratory resistance.

[0094] Status 3: Automatic zeroing calibration Control logic: The first two-position three-normally closed valve 18 is connected to port A, and the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19 is connected to port B, leading to the calibration exhaust port 24.

[0095] Function: At this time, the pipeline is connected to the atmosphere, and the third pressure sensor 26 is in the zero gauge pressure state. The controller reads the voltage output of the third pressure sensor 26 at this time as the zero-point bias value, which is subtracted in subsequent measurements to eliminate the influence of temperature drift.

[0096] By switching the third two-position three-position normally closed valve 20, the intake side sensor can also be zeroed out to the atmosphere.

[0097] Status 4: Leakage Self-Check Control logic: Ensures that the breathing port 29 is closed. Optionally, the breathing port 29 can be manually blocked. Controls the first two-position three-position normally closed valve 18 to connect its B port to the third two-position three-position normally closed valve 20, and controls the third two-position three-position normally closed valve 20 to connect its A port to the fourth pressure sensor 21.

[0098] Function: At this time, the third two-position normally closed valve 20 cuts off the passage to the external interface 23, connecting only the internal closed-end sensor 21. In conjunction with the rotation of the air supply fan 14, pressure is established, and the fourth pressure sensor 21 monitors the system's internal pressure-holding capacity. If the pressure can be maintained, it indicates no leakage in the internal pipeline; if the pressure drops rapidly, it indicates that the pipeline has detached or is severely leaking.

[0099] Example 3 like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the airway system of an emergency transport ventilator of the present invention further includes a housing. The high-pressure oxygen input channel 2 and the low-pressure oxygen input channel 3 are both pipes, extending from one side of the housing. The pressure reducing valve 6, the first one-way valve 7, the second pressure sensor 8, the proportional valve 9, the first pressure sensor 11, the first flow sensor 12, the air-oxygen mixing device 13, the air supply fan 14, the oxygen sensor 15, the second flow sensor 16, the second one-way valve 17, the first two-position three-normally closed valve 18, the second two-position three-normally closed valve 19, the third two-position three-normally closed valve 20, the fourth pressure sensor 21, the fifth pressure sensor 22, the third pressure sensor 26, and the anti-asphyxiation valve 27 are all disposed within the housing.

[0100] Unless otherwise specified, the equipment components involved in the above embodiments are all conventional equipment components, and the structural settings, working methods or control methods involved are all conventional settings, working methods or control methods in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0101] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Any other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilator airway system, characterized in that, include: Air input channel (1), oxygen input channel (3), air-oxygen mixing device (13) and controller; The air-oxygen mixing device (13) has an air mixing inlet (131) and an oxygen mixing inlet (132) at one end, and a mixing output pipe (136) at the other end. The oxygen mixing inlet (132) is connected to a Venturi tube (133) located inside the air-oxygen mixing device (13). The mixing output pipe (136) is connected to an anti-asphyxiation valve (27) via a pipe. The other end of the anti-asphyxiation valve (27) is connected to a breathing port (29) via a pipe. An anti-asphyxiation exhaust port (28) is connected to the pipe connecting the anti-asphyxiation valve (27) and the breathing port (29) via a bypass. A first two-position three-normally closed valve (18) is connected to the pipe connecting the anti-asphyxiation valve (27) and the mixing output pipe (136) via a bypass. The two external interfaces are respectively connected to a second two-position three-position normally closed valve (19) and a third two-position three-position normally closed valve (20) via pipes; the other two interfaces of the second two-position three-position normally closed valve (19) are respectively connected to an exhalation monitoring port (25) and a calibration exhaust port (24) via pipes, and a third pressure sensor (26) is installed in the pipe connected to the exhalation monitoring port (25); the other two interfaces of the third two-position three-position normally closed valve (20) are respectively connected to a fourth pressure sensor (21) and an inhalation monitoring port (23) via pipes, and a fifth pressure sensor (22) is installed in the pipe connected to the inhalation monitoring port (23); the anti-asphyxiation valve (27), the first two-position three-position normally closed valve (18), the second two-position three-position normally closed valve (19) and the third two-position three-position normally closed valve (20) are all communicatively connected to the controller.

2. The ventilator airway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air input channel (1) is connected to an air filter device (5) via a pipe, and the other end of the air filter device (5) is connected to the air mixing inlet (131) of the air-oxygen mixing device (13).

3. The ventilator airway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygen input channel includes a high-pressure oxygen input channel (2) and a low-pressure oxygen input channel (3), which are connected to the same oxygen mixing inlet (132) via a three-way pipe.

4. A ventilator airway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A partition (134) is provided in the middle of the air-oxygen mixing device (13). The partition (134) has through holes. On the side of the partition (134) facing away from the venturi tube (133), there are multiple guide plates (135) fixed on the inner wall of the air-oxygen mixing device (13).

5. A ventilator airway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular guide wall (1341) is provided on the partition (134). One end of the annular guide wall (1341) is connected to the edge of the through hole of the partition (134), and the annular guide wall (1341) is connected to the side of the partition (134) facing the mixing output pipe (136). The diameter of the end of the annular guide wall (1341) connected to the through hole of the partition (134) is the same as the diameter of the through hole, and the other end faces the mixing output pipe (136) and the diameter decreases linearly.

6. A ventilator airway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate (135) is inclined toward the partition plate (134).

7. A ventilator airway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple guide vanes (135) are arranged around the inner wall of the air-oxygen mixing device (13) to form a guide vane ring, and multiple guide vane rings are arranged along the axial direction of the air-oxygen mixing device (13).

8. A ventilator airway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure oxygen input channel (2) is connected to a high-pressure oxygen first filter (4) via a pipe. The high-pressure oxygen first filter (4) is connected to a high-pressure oxygen second filter (10) via a pipe. In the pipe connecting the high-pressure oxygen first filter (4) and the high-pressure oxygen second filter (10), a pressure reducing valve (6) and a proportional valve (9) are sequentially arranged along the gas input direction. The high-pressure oxygen second filter (10) is connected to the oxygen mixing inlet (132) of the air-oxygen mixing device (13) via a pipe.

9. A ventilator airway system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second pressure sensor (8) is installed in the pipeline between the pressure reducing valve (6) and the proportional valve (9); a first flow sensor (12) is installed in the pipeline connecting the high-pressure oxygen second filter device (10) and the air-oxygen mixing device (13).

10. A method of using a ventilator airway system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the ventilator airway system performs inspiratory phase monitoring, the first two-position three-position normally closed valve (18) is connected to the third two-position three-position normally closed valve (20) and closed to the second two-position three-position normally closed valve (19). The third two-position three-position normally closed valve (20) is connected to the inspiratory monitoring port (23) and closed to the fourth pressure sensor (21). The inspiratory pressure is collected in real time through the fifth pressure sensor (22). When the ventilator airway system is performing expiratory phase monitoring, the first two-position three-normal-closed valve (18) is connected to the second two-position three-normal-closed valve (19) and closed to the third two-position three-normal-closed valve (20). The second two-position three-normal-closed valve (19) is connected to the expiratory monitoring port (25) and closed to the calibration exhaust port (24). The positive end-expiratory pressure and expiratory resistance are monitored by the third pressure sensor (26). When the ventilator airway system is automatically zeroed, the first two-position three-position normally closed valve (18) is connected to the second two-position three-position normally closed valve (19) and closed to the third two-position three-position normally closed valve (20). The second two-position three-position normally closed valve (19) is connected to the calibration exhaust port (24) and closed to the exhalation monitoring port (25). The third pressure sensor (26) is in a zero gauge pressure state, and the controller reads the voltage output of the third pressure sensor (26) at this time as the zero-point bias value. When the ventilator airway system performs a leak self-check, the first two-position three-normal shut-off valve (18) is connected to the third two-position three-normal shut-off valve (20) and closed to the second two-position three-normal shut-off valve (19); the breathing interface (29) is in a closed state, and the third two-position three-normal shut-off valve (20) is connected to the fourth pressure sensor (21). The pressure holding capacity of the system is monitored by the fourth pressure sensor (21) to determine whether the pipeline has fallen off or has serious leakage.

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