A vehicle engine voiceprint identification fault monitoring and prediction device

Abstract

The application discloses a vehicle engine voiceprint identification fault monitoring and predicting device and belongs to the field of engine voiceprint monitoring. The vehicle engine voiceprint identification fault monitoring and predicting device comprises a base, a lower supporting box fixedly arranged on the base, a placing seat arranged in the lower supporting box, an upper supporting box rotatably connected with the lower supporting box, a plurality of supporting boxes fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the upper supporting box, and a plurality of microphones arranged in the supporting boxes. An end cover is rotatably connected to each supporting box. During monitoring, the microphone is moved to drive the end cover to rotate and open. In the application, a plurality of groups of microphones are arranged to monitor different positions, so that the monitoring is more accurate. When not in use, the end cover is abutted against the supporting box to protect the microphone in the supporting box from being directly exposed to the air, so that the microphone is prevented from being blocked by oil stains, dust and the like, the accuracy of collected signals is further improved, and the service life of the microphone is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine acoustic signature monitoring technology, and in particular to a vehicle engine acoustic signature recognition fault monitoring and prediction device. Background Technology

[0002] As the core power component of a vehicle, the assembly precision and operational reliability of the engine directly determine the overall quality and safety of the vehicle. Therefore, before the engine leaves the factory and after the batch processing of the production line is completed, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive fault monitoring on each engine to promptly screen out products with defects such as abnormal cylinder noise, bearing wear, abnormal valve clearance, and timing system failure. This will prevent after-sales disputes and safety hazards caused by defective engines after they are installed in vehicles, and reduce production and maintenance costs.

[0003] Currently, batch monitoring of engines before they leave the factory is mostly carried out by disassembling them individually and placing them on a monitoring bench. Compared with whole vehicle monitoring, individual disassembly and inspection can completely eliminate interference from the vehicle environment such as vehicle vibration, wind noise, road noise, and exhaust noise. It can more accurately capture the acoustic signals generated by the engine itself during operation. Moreover, the monitoring environment can be standardized and the operating conditions can be precisely controlled, which is suitable for the batch and high-efficiency monitoring needs of the production line. At the same time, defect screening can be completed before the engine is installed in the vehicle, which greatly improves the monitoring efficiency and the pass rate of the finished products. Therefore, it has become the mainstream method of engine quality inspection. Due to its advantages such as non-destructive monitoring, fast response, and the ability to achieve automated batch monitoring, voiceprint recognition technology has been widely used in the scenario of individual engine disassembly and inspection. Its core is to collect the acoustic signals of the engine during operation through acoustic sensors, and combine the analysis of the acoustic features with algorithms to achieve fault identification and defect screening.

[0004] However, existing acoustic fingerprint acquisition structures used for individual engine disassembly and inspection still have significant drawbacks. These structures mostly employ single-channel microphones, which cannot capture fault acoustic fingerprints from different parts of the engine from all angles, making it easy to miss abnormal noise sources. Furthermore, existing microphones are directly exposed and are easily damaged by oil or dust accumulation, leading to signal distortion, reduced signal-to-noise ratio, significantly shortened device lifespan, increased monitoring and maintenance costs, and further impacting monitoring accuracy. Therefore, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art by providing a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device includes a base and further includes: A lower support box is fixedly mounted on the base, and a placement seat is provided inside the lower support box; The upper support box is rotatably connected to the lower support box; Multiple support boxes are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper support box, and each of the multiple support boxes is equipped with a microphone; Each of the support boxes is rotatably connected to an end cap. During monitoring, the microphone moves, pushing the end cap to rotate and open.

[0007] Preferably, an annular support shell is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper support box, a threaded rod is rotatably connected inside the annular support shell, a drive gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the microphone, and the connecting block is threadedly connected to the threaded rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the support box is fixedly mounted on the annular support shell, and the support box is connected to the annular support shell. Each support box contains two microphones, and the outer walls of the two microphones are provided with protective shells. The connecting block is disposed between the two microphones.

[0009] Furthermore, a limiting block is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the protective shell, and two fixing plates are provided on the inner wall of the support box. A limiting rod is provided between the fixing plates, and the limiting block is slidably connected to the limiting rod.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the upper support box is fixedly connected to a rectangular outer shell that communicates with the annular support shell. A rack plate is slidably connected inside the rectangular outer shell. The rack plate meshes with a drive gear. In the initial state, the bottom of the rack plate extends out of the rectangular outer shell and outwards.

[0011] Furthermore, a rectangular frame is provided on the outer wall of the rectangular shell and communicates with it. A guide plate is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the rack plate. A guide rod is provided inside the rectangular frame. The guide plate is slidably connected to the guide rod. A return spring is provided between the guide plate and the top inner wall of the rectangular frame. The return spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a stop block is fixedly connected to one end of the rack plate that extends out of the rectangular outer shell. The bottom of the stop block is provided with a first support ear. A rotating shaft is provided on the first support ear. A second support ear is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. A base plate is fixedly connected to the second support ear.

[0013] Preferably, a shock-absorbing component is provided between the base and the placement seat. The shock-absorbing component includes a trapezoidal block fixedly mounted on the base, a slider slidably connected inside the trapezoidal block, the placement seat fixedly connected to the top of the slider, and a plurality of shock-absorbing springs provided between the placement seat and the trapezoidal block.

[0014] Preferably, a lower L-shaped block is fixedly connected to the lower support box, an upper L-shaped block is fixedly installed on the upper support box, a fixed shaft is rotatably installed on the lower L-shaped block, the upper L-shaped block is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, a bearing plate is fixedly installed on the lower L-shaped block, a stepper motor is provided on the bearing plate, a small gear is provided at the output end of the stepper motor, and a large gear that meshes with the small gear is provided on the fixed shaft.

[0015] Preferably, corresponding mounting blocks are fixedly connected to both the base and the lower support box, and a mounting plate is provided on the bottom outer wall of the base.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device collects sound through a microphone during monitoring. Simultaneously, the engine is driven to operate under idling, acceleration / deceleration, and stable operating conditions, collecting voiceprint data under multiple operating conditions. The microphone inside the upper support box simultaneously collects voiceprint signals from the engine under idling, acceleration, deceleration, and constant load states. The collected data is transmitted to an external main control system to extract voiceprint features. These features are compared with a standard normal voiceprint model, and the results are output to determine whether the engine is functioning normally and whether there are abnormal noises, bearing wear, valve abnormalities, timing faults, etc. After monitoring, the upper support box is opened, and the engine is removed using lifting equipment.

[0017] 2. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device uses a hoisting device to lift the engine assembly to be monitored onto the mounting base. Controlling the rotation of the upper support box causes the microphone connected to the connecting block to move. Simultaneously, the protective shell on the outer wall of the microphone moves, with the top of the protective shell contacting the end cap, thus pushing the end cap to move and preventing it from abutting against the support box. This allows the microphone to perform voiceprint monitoring. Initially, the end cap is in contact with the support box under gravity, protecting the microphone inside the support box and preventing direct exposure when not in use, which could lead to blockage by oil or dust, thus damaging the microphone. This further improves the accuracy of signal acquisition and simultaneously extends the microphone's lifespan.

[0018] 3. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device can perform vibration reduction operation on the engine through the vibration damping component, thereby reducing the noise generated by the engine starting and improving the monitoring effect. The vibration damping springs absorb and buffer vibration energy through their own elastic deformation, preventing vibration from being directly transmitted to the foundation below, thus achieving vibration isolation. In addition, the vibration damping springs are symmetrically distributed under the platform, so that the force is evenly distributed, avoiding tilting or violent shaking caused by unilateral load, and improving overall stability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper support box when it is open in the vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shock absorption component in a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shock absorption component in a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support box and microphone installation structure in a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the support box in a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the microphone structure in a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This invention proposes a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device. Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 9 This invention proposes a vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device. Figure 6 Enlarged diagram of part B.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Base; 101. Mounting plate; 102. Lower support box; 103. Mounting block; 104. Lower L-shaped block; 105. Bearing plate; 106. Stepper motor; 107. Pinion; 108. Gear; 109. Fixed shaft; 2. Upper support box; 201. Upper L-shaped block; 3. Trapezoidal block; 301. Slider; 302. Shock-absorbing spring; 303. Placement seat; 4. Annular support shell; 401. Rectangular shell; 402. 403. Rectangular frame; 404. Threaded rod; 405. Drive gear; 406. Rack plate; 407. Guide plate; 408. Return spring; 409. Support box; 410. End cap; 411. Stop block; 412. First support ear; 413. Rotating shaft; 414. Second support ear; 415. Base plate; 506. Protective shell; 507. Microphone; 508. Connecting block; 509. Limiting block; 5000. Fixing plate; 501. Limiting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-9 A vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device includes a base 1 and a lower support box 102 fixedly mounted on the base 1, with a placement seat 303 inside the lower support box 102; an upper support box 2 is rotatably connected to the lower support box 102; multiple support boxes 408 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper support box 2, and each of the multiple support boxes 408 is provided with a microphone 501; each support box 408 is rotatably connected to an end cover 409. During monitoring, the microphone 501 moves, pushing the end cover 409 to rotate and open.

[0024] In this embodiment, the engine assembly to be monitored is first hoisted onto the placement seat 303 using a hoisting device. The upper support box 2 is then rotated to cooperate with the lower support box 102 to cover the engine. This protects the engine and prevents the engine's sound from scattering during monitoring, thus avoiding interference with the data collection. Then, the system startup and operational readiness control system is powered on, and the engine is started. Multiple microphones 501 inside the upper support box 2 move, pushing the end cover 409 so that it no longer blocks the support box 408, allowing the microphones 501 to extend. Sound is collected while the engine is driven to operate under various conditions, including idling, acceleration / deceleration, and stable operation. Multi-condition acoustic data is collected. Microphone 501 inside the upper support box 2 simultaneously collects acoustic signals from the engine under idling, acceleration, deceleration, and constant load conditions. The collected data is then transmitted to an external main control system to extract acoustic features. These features are compared with a standard normal acoustic model, and the results are output to determine if the engine is functioning normally and to identify any abnormal noises, bearing wear, valve malfunctions, or timing faults. After monitoring, the upper support box 2 is opened, and the engine is removed using a hoisting device.

[0025] In this application, a silent monitoring cavity is formed inside the upper support box 2 to eliminate external workshop noise and airflow noise, making the voiceprint signal purer; the engine is disassembled and inspected separately to eliminate environmental interference such as vehicle body vibration and exhaust noise, which greatly improves the accuracy of voiceprint recognition. At the same time, multiple microphones 501 are arranged inside the upper support box 2 to cover abnormal noise parts such as cylinder block, valve chamber, timing, and oil pan, preventing missed detection. The microphones 501 used for voiceprint acquisition in this application are industrial-grade condenser microphones 501, including models SM58, AKGC414 and ST series MEMS microphone array sensors.

[0026] Example 2: Refer to Figures 1-9 A vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device includes a base 1 and a lower support box 102 fixedly mounted on the base 1, with a placement seat 303 inside the lower support box 102; an upper support box 2 is rotatably connected to the lower support box 102; multiple support boxes 408 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper support box 2, and each of the multiple support boxes 408 is provided with a microphone 501; each support box 408 is rotatably connected to an end cover 409. During monitoring, the microphone 501 moves, pushing the end cover 409 to rotate and open.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 and Figures 5-7 An annular support shell 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper support box 2. A threaded rod 403 is rotatably connected inside the annular support shell 4. A drive gear 404 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod 403. A connecting block 502 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the microphone 501. The connecting block 502 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 403.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 and Figures 5-7 The support box 408 is fixedly mounted on the annular support shell 4 and is connected to the annular support shell 4. Each support box 408 contains two microphones 501. The outer walls of the two microphones 501 are provided with protective shells 5, and the connecting block 502 is located between the two microphones 501.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 and Figures 5-7 A limit block 503 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the protective shell 5. Two fixing plates 504 are provided on the inner wall of the support box 408. A limit rod 505 is provided between the fixing plates 504. The limit block 503 is slidably connected to the limit rod 505.

[0030] In this embodiment, during use, the engine assembly to be monitored is first hoisted onto the placement seat 303 using a hoisting device. The upper support box 2 is then rotated, cooperating with the lower support box 102 to cover the engine. When the upper support box 2 rotates, its rack plate 405 first abuts against the top outer wall of the lower support box 102, causing the rack plate 405 to slide within the rectangular outer shell 401. The rectangular outer shell 401 provides a path for the movement of the rack plate 405 and also limits its movement, ensuring stable motion. As the rack plate 405 moves, it first meshes with the drive gear 404, causing the drive gear 404 to rotate. This, in turn, causes the threaded rod 403 connected to the drive gear 404 to rotate. Since the threaded rod 403 is threadedly connected to the connecting block 502, therefore… When the threaded rod 403 rotates, it drives the connecting block 502 to move, thereby moving the microphone 501 connected to the connecting block 502. At this time, the protective shell 5 set on the outer wall of the microphone 501 will also move synchronously. The top of the protective shell 5 will first contact the end cap 409, thereby pushing the end cap 409 to move, so that the end cap 409 is no longer in contact with the support box 408. This allows the microphone 501 to perform voiceprint monitoring. In the initial state, the end cap 409 is in contact with the support box 408 under the action of gravity, which can protect the microphone 501 inside the support box 408. This prevents the microphone 501 from being directly exposed when not in use, which could cause oil or dust to clog it and damage the microphone 501. This can further improve the accuracy of the acquired signal and simultaneously increase the service life of the microphone 501.

[0031] Furthermore, a limit block 503 is provided on the outer wall of the protective shell 5. When moving, the limit block 503 will move on the limit rod 505, thereby making the movement of the protective shell 5 more stable and synchronously driving the microphone 501 to move steadily, which is convenient for use.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 and Figures 5-7 The inner wall of the upper support box 2 is fixedly connected to a rectangular outer shell 401 that communicates with the annular support shell 4. A rack plate 405 is slidably connected inside the rectangular outer shell 401. The rack plate 405 meshes with the drive gear 404. In the initial state, the bottom of the rack plate 405 extends out of the rectangular outer shell 401 and extends outward.

[0033] When the upper support box 2 is opened, the rack plate 405 extends out of the rectangular outer shell 401. When the upper support box 2 is closed, the rack plate 405 will first contact the lower support box 102, thereby pushing the rack plate 405 to move, which in turn drives the drive gear 404 to rotate, which in turn drives the threaded rod 403 to rotate, causing the microphone 501 to move, thereby pushing the end cover 409 to open and start use.

[0034] Example 3: Refer to Figures 1-9 A vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device includes a base 1 and a lower support box 102 fixedly mounted on the base 1, with a placement seat 303 inside the lower support box 102; an upper support box 2 is rotatably connected to the lower support box 102; multiple support boxes 408 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper support box 2, and each of the multiple support boxes 408 is provided with a microphone 501; each support box 408 is rotatably connected to an end cover 409. During monitoring, the microphone 501 moves, pushing the end cover 409 to rotate and open.

[0035] Reference Figures 5-7 Similar to Embodiment 2, but further, a rectangular frame 402 is provided on the outer wall of the rectangular shell 401 and is connected thereto. A guide plate 406 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the rack plate 405. A guide rod is provided inside the rectangular frame 402. The guide plate 406 is slidably connected to the guide rod. A return spring 407 is provided between the guide plate 406 and the top inner wall of the rectangular frame 402. The return spring 407 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod.

[0036] Reference Figures 5-7 and Figure 9 A stop block 410 is fixedly connected to one end of the rack plate 405 that extends out of the rectangular outer shell 401. The bottom of the stop block 410 is provided with a first support ear 411. A rotating shaft 412 is provided on the first support ear 411. A second support ear 413 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 412. A base plate 414 is fixedly connected to the second support ear 413.

[0037] In this embodiment, during use, when the rack plate 405 abuts against the lower support box 102 and moves, the guide plate 406 simultaneously slides on the guide rod. The guide plate 406 makes the movement of the rack plate 405 more stable, thus facilitating engagement with the drive gear 404. Simultaneously, the guide plate 406 compresses the return spring 407. When the upper support box 2 is opened, the compressed return spring 407 automatically resets, thereby resetting the guide plate 406. This causes the guide plate 406 to automatically reset the rack plate 405, which then engages with the drive gear 404 again, causing the drive gear 404 to rotate in the opposite direction. This causes the threaded rod 403 to rotate in the opposite direction and simultaneously connects to the connecting block 502, moving the microphone 501 in the opposite direction into the support box 408. Then, the protective shell 5 no longer abuts against the end cap 409. Under the influence of gravity, the end cap 409 rotates, achieving a sealing effect again and protecting the microphone 501.

[0038] Example 4: Refer to Figures 1-9A vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device includes a base 1 and a lower support box 102 fixedly mounted on the base 1, with a placement seat 303 inside the lower support box 102; an upper support box 2 is rotatably connected to the lower support box 102; multiple support boxes 408 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper support box 2, and each of the multiple support boxes 408 is provided with a microphone 501; each support box 408 is rotatably connected with an end cap 409. During monitoring, the microphone 501 moves, pushing the end cap 409 to rotate and open; basically the same as embodiment three, but further, a shock-absorbing component is provided between the base 1 and the placement seat 303. The shock-absorbing component includes a trapezoidal block 3 fixedly mounted on the base 1, a slider 301 slidably connected inside the trapezoidal block 3, the placement seat 303 is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 301, and multiple shock-absorbing springs 302 are provided between the placement seat 303 and the trapezoidal block 3.

[0039] Reference Figures 1-4 and Figure 8 A lower L-shaped block 104 is fixedly connected to the lower support box 102, an upper L-shaped block 201 is fixedly installed on the upper support box 2, a fixed shaft 109 is rotatably installed on the lower L-shaped block 104, the upper L-shaped block 201 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 109, a bearing plate 105 is fixedly installed on the lower L-shaped block 104, a stepper motor 106 is installed on the bearing plate 105, a small gear 107 is installed at the output end of the stepper motor 106, and a large gear 108 that meshes with the small gear 107 is installed on the fixed shaft 109.

[0040] Reference Figures 1-4 The base 1 and the lower support box 102 are both fixedly connected with corresponding mounting blocks 103, and the bottom outer wall of the base 1 is provided with a mounting plate 101.

[0041] In this embodiment, when controlling the upper support box 2 to rotate, the stepper motor 106 is first started, which drives the small gear 107 at the output end to rotate. The small gear 107 drives the large gear 108 that meshes with it to rotate. By driving the large gear 108 to rotate through the small gear 107, a certain deceleration operation can be performed, so that the upper support box 2 rotates slowly and makes the rotation more stable. When the large gear 108 rotates, it will drive the fixed shaft 109 to rotate, which in turn drives the upper L-shaped block 201 to drive the upper support box 2 to rotate, so that the upper support box 2 opens. At this time, it is convenient to remove the engine from the placement seat 303 after the monitoring is completed.

[0042] Furthermore, this application also includes a vibration damping component, which enables vibration damping of the engine, thereby reducing noise generated during engine startup and improving monitoring effectiveness. The vibration damping component specifically includes a trapezoidal block 3 and vibration damping springs 302. During operation, the vibration of the load on the mounting base 303 is transmitted to multiple sets of high-stiffness vibration damping springs 302 below. The vibration damping springs 302, through their elastic deformation, generate compression or rebound, thereby absorbing and buffering vibration energy, preventing direct transmission of vibration to the foundation ground below, thus achieving vibration isolation. This application includes multiple sets of vibration damping springs... The overall stiffness of the vibration spring 302 is designed to be much lower than the operating frequency of the equipment, making it difficult for the equipment vibration to be transmitted to the foundation through the vibration spring 302. This cuts off the vibration transmission path from a dynamic perspective. In the actual product, the trapezoidal block 3 has built-in damping elements connected to the slider 301, such as viscous damping and friction damping. When the vibration spring 302 deforms, it converts the vibration energy into heat energy and dissipates it, preventing the vibration from being continuously amplified. Furthermore, the vibration spring 302 is symmetrically distributed under the platform, so that the force is evenly distributed, avoiding tilting or violent shaking caused by unilateral load, and improving the overall stability.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A lower support box (102) is fixedly installed on the base (1), and a placement seat (303) is provided inside the lower support box (102). The upper support box (2) is rotatably connected to the lower support box (102); Multiple support boxes (408) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the upper support box (2), and each of the multiple support boxes (408) is equipped with a microphone (501). Each of the support boxes (408) is rotatably connected to an end cap (409). During monitoring, the microphone (501) moves, pushing the end cap (409) to rotate and open.

2. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular support shell (4) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper support box (2). A threaded rod (403) is rotatably connected inside the annular support shell (4). A drive gear (404) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the threaded rod (403). A connecting block (502) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the microphone (501). The connecting block (502) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (403).

3. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support box (408) is fixedly mounted on the annular support shell (4), and the support box (408) is connected to the annular support shell (4). Each support box (408) contains two microphones (501), and the outer walls of the two microphones (501) are provided with protective shells (5). The connecting block (502) is located between the two microphones (501).

4. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A limiting block (503) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the protective shell (5), and two fixing plates (504) are provided on the inner wall of the support box (408). A limiting rod (505) is provided between the fixing plates (504), and the limiting block (503) is slidably connected to the limiting rod (505).

5. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the upper support box (2) is fixedly connected to a rectangular outer shell (401) that communicates with the annular support shell (4). A rack plate (405) is slidably connected inside the rectangular outer shell (401). The rack plate (405) meshes with the drive gear (404). In the initial state, the bottom of the rack plate (405) extends out of the rectangular outer shell (401) and outwards.

6. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rectangular shell (401) has a rectangular frame (402) connected to it on its outer wall. A guide plate (406) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rack plate (405). A guide rod is installed inside the rectangular frame (402). The guide plate (406) is slidably connected to the guide rod. A return spring (407) is provided between the guide plate (406) and the top inner wall of the rectangular frame (402). The return spring (407) is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod.

7. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A stop block (410) is fixedly connected to one end of the rack plate (405) that extends out of the rectangular outer shell (401). The bottom of the stop block (410) is provided with a first support ear (411). A rotating shaft (412) is provided on the first support ear (411). A second support ear (413) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (412). A base plate (414) is fixedly connected to the second support ear (413).

8. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A shock-absorbing component is provided between the base (1) and the placement seat (303). The shock-absorbing component includes a trapezoidal block (3) fixedly mounted on the base (1). A slider (301) is slidably connected inside the trapezoidal block (3). The placement seat (303) is fixedly connected to the top of the slider (301). A plurality of shock-absorbing springs (302) are provided between the placement seat (303) and the trapezoidal block (3).

9. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lower L-shaped block (104) is fixedly connected to the lower support box (102), an upper L-shaped block (201) is fixedly installed on the upper support box (2), a fixed shaft (109) is rotatably installed on the lower L-shaped block (104), the upper L-shaped block (201) is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft (109), a bearing plate (105) is fixedly installed on the lower L-shaped block (104), a stepper motor (106) is provided on the bearing plate (105), a small gear (107) is provided at the output end of the stepper motor (106), and a large gear (108) that meshes with the small gear (107) is provided on the fixed shaft (109).

10. The vehicle engine voiceprint recognition fault monitoring and prediction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) and the lower support box (102) are both fixedly connected with corresponding mounting blocks (103), and the bottom outer wall of the base (1) is provided with a mounting plate (101).

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