A friction composite, a friction member, and a method for producing the same

Abstract

The application provides a kind of friction composite material, friction component and its preparation method, it is related to the technical field of friction material.Friction composite material includes the following components by weight: ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon 15~25 parts, binder 15~25 parts, friction performance regulator 10~15 parts, filler 15~25 parts, aramid fiber 5~10 parts, glass fiber 6~12 parts and auxiliary agent 2~5 parts.Friction component, a plurality of ridge-groove structure stripes are arranged on the friction surface along the friction direction, and an arc groove along the friction direction is arranged on the friction surface.The inherent microporous structure formed after carbonization of ginger straw fiber has a high specific surface area, which can effectively dissipate the vibration wave energy generated during braking.The physical barrier and scattering effect of the bionic "ridge-groove" structure on the component friction surface on the vibration wave are coordinated, which greatly suppresses the generation of brake noise from the source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of friction materials technology, and in particular to a friction composite material, a friction component, and a method for preparing the same. Background Technology

[0002] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0003] Friction components are core parts of braking systems (such as automotive brake pads and clutch discs), and their performance directly affects the safety and reliability of the equipment. Metal friction materials have high coefficients of friction and good thermal conductivity, but suffer from high density, high noise, and severe wear on mating parts. Organic friction materials use natural fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, and other organic or inorganic fibers as reinforcements, combined with binders such as phenolic resins. These materials have advantages such as low density, low noise, and minimal wear on mating parts. However, the thermal decomposition of the resin matrix and the degradation of fiber properties caused by frictional heat lead to thermal decay of the friction material and a significant increase in wear rate. Furthermore, the accumulation of wear debris at the friction interface forms a "third body," altering the contact state of the friction pair and further exacerbating problems such as fluctuations in the coefficient of friction and braking noise.

[0004] Ginger straw fiber is the main straw residue after ginger harvesting, with a huge and concentrated annual output. However, due to its toughness, low calorific value, and refusal to be eaten by livestock, it is difficult to use directly as feed, fuel, or industrial raw material. How to apply ginger straw fiber to friction components is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the current state of technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a friction composite material, a friction component, and a method for preparing the same. By introducing a porous solid material rich in carbon elements, obtained by converting the organic components in ginger straw, into a high-performance friction material system as a key component, this invention not only provides a new high-value utilization pathway for ginger straw, but also creates a novel friction component with excellent tribological properties, environmental friendliness, and low cost by combining it with biomimetic multi-scale structural design.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a friction composite material, the raw materials of which include the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon, 15-25 parts of binder, 10-15 parts of friction performance modifier, 15-25 parts of filler, 5-10 parts of aramid fiber, 6-12 parts of glass fiber and 2-5 parts of additives.

[0007] A second aspect of the present invention provides a friction component based on the above-mentioned friction composite material, wherein a plurality of groove-ridge structure stripes arranged along the friction direction are provided on the friction surface, the groove-ridge structure stripes are arc-shaped stripes, the length direction of the arc-shaped stripes intersects the friction direction at a set angle, and the friction surface is provided with arc grooves along the friction direction.

[0008] A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned friction component, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix all raw materials evenly to obtain a mixture; S2. The mixture is prepared into a friction composite matrix by cold pressing and hot pressing curing; S3. Arc-shaped stripes are obtained by laser processing on the surface of a composite matrix. S4. Obtain the arc groove by machining after heat treatment.

[0009] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The friction composite material provided by this invention incorporates ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon. The inherent microporous structure formed by the ginger straw fiber after carbonization has a high specific surface area, giving it not only excellent acoustic damping characteristics, but also effectively dissipating the vibration wave energy generated by braking when used as a reinforcing phase in the material. The multi-level pore structure (coexistence of mesopores and macropores) enhances crack deflection and bridging effects, enabling it to absorb a large amount of crack propagation energy during friction through fiber pull-out, interface debonding, and pore deformation, thus preventing crack propagation. Furthermore, its uniform dispersion with aramid fiber and glass fiber in the three-dimensional network structure formed by phenolic resin can avoid stress concentration and reduce the initiation of friction cracks.

[0010] 2. The friction component provided by this invention utilizes the microporous structure of ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon and the biomimetic "ridge-groove" structure on the friction surface of the component to physically block and scatter vibration waves, thereby significantly suppressing the generation of braking noise (screaming, low-frequency muffled sound) from the source. The spaced arc grooves can guide and accommodate fine wear debris, significantly reducing the amount of free wear debris participating in the three-body wear of the interface, thus helping to stabilize the friction coefficient, reduce the overall wear rate, and alleviate the wear of the mating parts.

[0011] 3. This invention employs laser processing technology in the component fabrication process. By controlling the laser power, scanning speed, and repetition frequency, a groove-ridge structure resembling a bovine molar is formed. The high-energy-density laser beam's thermal effect can induce micro-melting and phase transition effects on the material surface, simulating frictional heat to run the material through a process that improves its wear resistance and frictional properties. Subsequent heat treatment eliminates thermal stress and completely solidifies the material, further enhancing the component's wear resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0013] The diagram exaggerates the spacing or dimensions between parts to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the friction surface in Example 1.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ridge-groove structure in Example 1.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the arc groove in Example 1.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ginger straw fiber reinforcement principle in Example 1.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation method for Preparation Example 1 and Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0020] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] One or more embodiments of the present invention provide a friction composite material, the raw materials of which include the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon, 15-25 parts of binder, 10-15 parts of friction performance modifier, 15-25 parts of filler, 5-10 parts of aramid fiber, 6-12 parts of glass fiber, and 2-5 parts of additives.

[0022] Among the above components, ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon is a porous solid material prepared from ginger straw fiber. When introduced into a high-performance friction material system, it utilizes its inherent microporous structure to exert excellent acoustic damping characteristics, effectively dissipating the vibration wave energy generated by braking. The multi-level porous structure can enhance crack deflection and bridging effects, and can absorb a large amount of crack propagation energy during friction through fiber pull-out, interface debonding, and pore deformation, thus preventing crack propagation. The carbon skeleton can also provide moderate strength and thermal conductivity, adjust the coefficient of friction, and reduce wear on the mating disc.

[0023] Optionally, the ginger straw fiber porous carbon has a silane coupling agent-modified surface, which enhances the interfacial bonding force between the inorganic carbon phase and the organic resin matrix, improves stress transmission efficiency, reduces component peeling during friction, and makes the friction performance more stable and durable. Specifically, the silane coupling agent constructs "molecular bridges" on the surface of the ginger straw fiber porous carbon, achieving a firm connection between the inorganic carbon phase and the organic resin matrix through chemical bonding, significantly improving the interfacial bonding strength. At the same time, the modified carbon surface changes from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, improving its dispersibility in the resin matrix and avoiding local stress concentration caused by agglomeration.

[0024] Optionally, the binder includes phenolic resin or modified phenolic resin; it can form a three-dimensional network structure during hot pressing and curing to firmly bond other components into a whole, providing structural strength, hardness and heat resistance of the composite material; it can tightly connect the silane coupling agent modified ginger straw fiber porous carbon, fiber reinforcement and inorganic filler through chemical bonds and physical interactions, significantly enhancing the interfacial bonding force between components and effectively preventing interfacial debonding and component peeling during the friction process.

[0025] Optionally, the friction performance modifier includes 4-6 parts of fluorinated graphite, 3-5 parts of silicon carbide, 1-2 parts of zirconium boride, and 2-3 parts of expandable graphite. The modifier components form a stable multiphase structure with the resin matrix, ginger straw fiber porous carbon, etc., to balance the shear force on the friction surface, ensuring sufficient and stable braking force under different temperatures, speeds, and pressures, and preventing thermal decay or excessive wear. Through the composite effect of multiple components, it achieves multi-functional integration of lubrication, anti-wear, and vibration reduction, which echoes the core biomimetic design such as the molar groove-ridge structure and dentin porous structure, jointly ensuring the high performance and long service life of the material.

[0026] Optionally, the filler comprises 9-14 parts calcium carbonate, 4-6 parts expanded perlite powder, and 2-3 parts flake boron nitride. The calcium carbonate is added as a solid white powder with an average particle size D50 of 10-20 μm and a calcium carbonate content ≥98%, and a Mohs hardness of 2-3. The expanded perlite powder has an average particle size D50 of 30-50 μm and a porosity ≥85%. The flake boron nitride has an average particle size D50 of 5-8 μm and a thickness ≤1 μm. It primarily serves to fill volume and regulate hardness, strength, and thermal conductivity, stabilizing the friction process, reducing the thermal expansion of the binder, and improving the processability and durability of the material. During hot-press curing, the filler components achieve multi-dimensional control of material properties through physical filling, structural reinforcement, and functional complementarity, and resonate with core biomimetic designs such as the molar groove-ridge structure and porous dentin structure.

[0027] Optionally, the aramid fiber has a fiber length of approximately 4-6 mm and a diameter of 12-15 μm; it features high strength, high modulus, and high temperature resistance, providing excellent toughness and impact resistance. Through the fiber pull-out effect, it absorbs frictional vibration energy, significantly reducing braking noise and flutter. Its high-temperature resistance forms a strong interface with the resin matrix, maintaining the material's structural integrity even under high-frequency shear.

[0028] Optionally, the glass fiber has a length of 3~6mm, a diameter of 10~13μm, and a single filament tensile strength ≥2000MPa; its high hardness helps maintain the roughness of the friction surface and stabilize the friction coefficient. As a rigid reinforcement, it significantly improves the rigidity and thermal stability of the material, forming a high-strength support skeleton at the friction interface and effectively suppressing structural softening at high temperatures. Its high modulus characteristics, in synergy with fillers such as wollastonite, ensure that the simulated bovine molar groove-ridge structure maintains morphological stability under high pressure shear.

[0029] Optionally, the additives include 1-2 parts calcium stearate and 0.5-1 parts oxidized polyethylene wax. Calcium stearate forms a lubricating interface during hot pressing, ensuring smooth demolding of the product and avoiding surface defects; oxidized polyethylene wax promotes uniform dispersion of the components and prevents localized stress concentration caused by fiber agglomeration.

[0030] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a friction component based on the above-mentioned friction composite material is provided on the friction surface with a plurality of groove-ridge structure stripes arranged along the friction direction. The groove-ridge structure stripes are arc-shaped stripes, and the length direction of the arc-shaped stripes intersects the friction direction at a set angle. The friction surface is provided with arc grooves along the friction direction.

[0031] The groove-ridge structure in the above structure mimics the molars of a cow. On the cross-section perpendicular to the friction surface, it presents biomimetic stripes with alternating "ridge-groove" cycles, similar to the chewing surface of a cow's molar. This has a physical blocking and scattering effect on vibration waves. In conjunction with the acoustic damping characteristics of the porous carbon of ginger straw fiber contained in the friction composite material, it significantly suppresses the generation of braking noise (screaming, low-frequency muffled sound) from the source. The "groove" structure also serves as an efficient micro-wear debris management unit. During friction braking, the wear debris generated by friction can be effectively captured and contained in the groove, reducing three-body wear and stabilizing the friction coefficient. The arc groove is used to cut grooves on the continuous "ridge" structure, dividing it into multiple independent "ridge" structure segments. This can reduce stress transmission along the "ridge" stripes, increase strain margin, better guide and contain fine wear debris, reduce three-body wear, and stabilize the friction coefficient.

[0032] Optionally, the angle between the length direction of the arc-shaped stripes and the friction direction is 70~110°, which increases the number of groove-ridge structure stripes in contact when the friction pair moves.

[0033] One or more embodiments of the present invention provide a friction component based on the above-mentioned friction composite material, wherein a plurality of groove-ridge structure stripes arranged along the friction direction are provided on the friction surface, the groove-ridge structure stripes are arc-shaped stripes, the length direction of the arc-shaped stripes intersects the friction direction at a set angle, and an arc groove along the friction direction is provided on the friction surface.

[0034] One or more embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned friction component, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix all raw materials evenly to obtain a mixture; S2. The mixture is prepared into a friction composite matrix by cold pressing and hot pressing curing; S3. Arc-shaped stripes are obtained by laser processing on the surface of a composite matrix. S4. Obtain the arc groove by machining after heat treatment.

[0035] In the above process, the thermal effects of high-energy-density laser beams can produce micro-melting and phase transformation effects on the material surface, simulating frictional heat to run the material through wear, improving the material's wear resistance and frictional properties. Heat treatment eliminates thermal stress and completely solidifies the material, improving the product's wear resistance. Its core function is to perform micro-forging and thermal activation on the surface of friction materials through controllable laser energy input, eliminating processing stress and optimizing surface morphology. It can complete the initial run-in of the friction interface in advance, thereby significantly improving the initial frictional properties and service life of the material. This avoids the performance fluctuation period that traditional materials need to go through 50-100 braking cycles to complete the run-in, thus extending the material's service life.

[0036] Optionally, in S1, the ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon is surface-modified using a silane coupling agent-ethanol solution and then washed with water until neutral.

[0037] Optionally, in S2, the hot-press curing employs a multi-stage gradient heating and segmented pressure holding process to ensure full cross-linking of the resin matrix, strong interfacial bonding of each component, and synergy with the biomimetic structure formation technology; including: the first stage, pre-curing at 80~100℃ and 5~8MPa for 30~60min; the second stage, pre-curing at 150~180℃ and 10~20... The primary curing is carried out at MPa for 1-3 hours. The first stage involves pre-curing and degassing to soften and flow the resin, promote uniform distribution of components, and remove volatiles, thus preventing bubbles and delamination in the finished product. At the same time, the mild temperature protects the functional groups of the silane coupling agent on the surface of the ginger straw fiber porous carbon from damage. The second stage involves primary curing and cross-linking to achieve deep cross-linking of the phenolic resin and form a three-dimensional network structure. High pressure ensures that the groove-ridge structure and porous structure maintain their designed shape during molding and strengthens the interfacial bonding between fibers, fillers, and the matrix. Afterward, cooling and depressurization are carried out. The pressure is released after the temperature drops below 80°C, and slow cooling is used to avoid material deformation or microcracks caused by thermal stress, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and structural integrity of the finished product.

[0038] Optionally, in S3, grooves and ridges with specific geometric features are processed on the surface of the cured friction material through a preset path planning; a continuous wave mode is used for efficient material removal; or a pulse mode (frequency 1-5kHz) is used for fine contour control; the laser processing power is 100~500W, preferably 200~300W; the scanning speed is 100-500mm / s, preferably 200-300 mm / s; other process parameters include: spot diameter 0.1-0.3 mm, number of scans 1-3 times, single processing depth 0.1-0.3 mm, and the auxiliary gas is compressed air with a pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa (used to blow away slag and cool the processing area).

[0039] Optionally, in S4, the heat treatment employs a stepped temperature control process to ensure the material reaches optimal thermal stability before service. This includes: a first stage, heating to 120~140℃ and holding for 2~4 hours; a second stage, heating to 180~200℃ and holding for 1~2 hours; followed by cooling to room temperature. The heating rate in the first stage is ≤3℃ / min, eliminating residual stress generated by laser processing and thermal running-in, causing relaxation of the resin molecular chains, and promoting interfacial bonding between the ginger straw fiber porous carbon and the matrix; simultaneously, it avoids thermal deformation of the groove-ridge structure caused by high temperature. The heating rate in the second stage is ≤2℃ / min, further promoting deep cross-linking of the resin matrix, increasing the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the material, and enhancing dimensional stability at high temperatures; it also activates the friction modifier components, pre-forming a stable thermal interface within the material. Afterwards, cooling to room temperature is performed at a rate ≤2℃ / min to avoid the generation of new thermal stress within the material due to rapid cooling, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and structural integrity of the finished product.

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0041] Preparation Example 1 A porous carbon based on ginger straw fiber, prepared by the following method: Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps.

[0042] S01. Zinc chloride and boric acid are mixed in a ratio of 4:1 to obtain an activator; silane coupling agent and ethanol are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:4 to obtain a silane coupling agent-ethanol solution.

[0043] S02. Take dried ginger stalks, crush them through a 60-mesh standard sieve to obtain ginger stalk powder, mix the ginger stalk powder and activator at a mass ratio of 1:3, calcine at 700±50℃ for 3±0.5h under a nitrogen atmosphere, cool, and then immerse in a silane coupling agent-ethanol solution at room temperature for 60min for modification. Wash with water until neutral, and dry to obtain ginger stalk fiber reinforced material, namely ginger stalk fiber-based porous carbon, with a specific surface area of ​​800-1200 m² / g and an average pore size of 2-4nm.

[0044] Example 1 As ruminants, cattle chew large amounts of coarse, hard plant fibers (such as grass and straw) daily, and their molars (especially the lower molars) possess exceptional wear resistance. This stems from their unique structure: the chewing surface of a cow's molar is not flat, but rather consists of a series of enamel ridges and deep grooves between them. This ridge-groove structure acts like a natural "grinding plate." During chewing, the hard ridges shear and grind food like a millstone, while the deep grooves provide space for debris and guide movement. Another important characteristic of cow molars is that their chewing surface is composed of two materials with vastly different mechanical properties: enamel and dentin. Enamel covers the outer layer of the ridges and has a hardness of 6-7 (close to quartz), making it the hardest tissue in the animal's body and providing extremely high wear resistance. Dentin, located inside the enamel and in the grooves, has a lower hardness and a porous structure, offering good toughness and elasticity. This allows it to reduce and absorb stress during chewing and biting, and prevents enamel breakage. These unique structures provide important clues to the wear resistance and energy absorption crack arrest mechanism of teeth, and also inspire the design of biomimetic braking friction materials.

[0045] This embodiment provides a friction component prepared from a friction composite material. The raw materials for preparing the friction composite material include the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon obtained in Preparation Example 1, 20 parts of binder, 13 parts of friction performance modifier, 20 parts of filler, 8 parts of aramid fiber, 9 parts of glass fiber, and 4 parts of additives.

[0046] The binder is phenolic resin with a free phenol content ≤2.5%, moisture content ≤1%, particle size 200 mesh, gel time (150℃) 30-60 seconds, and tensile strength ≥50 MPa; the filler consists of 11.5 parts calcium carbonate, 5 parts expanded perlite powder, and 2.5 parts flake boron nitride; the aramid fiber has a length of 4 mm and a diameter of 13.5±1.5 μm; the glass fiber has a length of 4.5±1.5 mm and a diameter of 11.5±1.5 μm, with a single filament tensile strength ≥2000 MPa; The friction modifier includes 5 parts fluorinated graphite, 4 parts silicon carbide, 1.5 parts zirconium boride, and 2.5 parts expandable graphite; the additives include 1.5 parts calcium stearate and 0.75 parts oxidized polyethylene wax.

[0047] The preparation method of friction components is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it includes: S1. Add ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon, binder, friction performance modifier, filler, aramid fiber, glass fiber and additives to a high-speed mixer and mix evenly to obtain a mixture.

[0048] S2. The mixture is prepared into a friction composite matrix by hot-press curing. The hot-press curing method adopts a multi-level gradient heating and segmented pressure holding process to ensure that the resin matrix is ​​fully cross-linked, the interfaces of each component are firmly bonded, and it synergizes with the biomimetic structure formation technology. The specific process parameters and ranges are as follows. First stage, pre-curing and degassing (low temperature stage): Temperature: 90℃, Time: 45 minutes, Pressure: 6.5MPa; Second stage, main curing and crosslinking (high temperature stage): temperature: 160℃, time: 1 hour, pressure: 15MPa; The third stage, cooling and depressurization (cooling stage): cooling rate: ≤5℃ / minute, depressurization condition: temperature drops below 80℃.

[0049] S3. Using laser processing technology, arc-shaped stripes with groove-ridge structure are processed on the surface of the friction composite matrix. The laser process adopts continuous wave mode for efficient material removal; or pulse mode (frequency 1-5 kHz) for fine contour control.

[0050] The laser processing parameters are as follows: laser power 250±50 W, scanning speed 250±50 mm / s, spot diameter 0.2±0.1 mm, number of scans 2, single processing depth 0.2±0.1 mm, and auxiliary gas is compressed air with a pressure of 0.4±0.1 MPa.

[0051] S4. Adopt a stepped temperature control process to ensure that the material reaches the optimal thermal stability state before service.

[0052] The specific process parameters and ranges are as follows: Phase 1: Temperature 130℃, Time 3 hours, Heating rate: ≤3℃ / minute; Second stage: Temperature 190℃, time 1.5 hours, heating rate: ≤2℃ / minute; Third stage: Cool to room temperature at a cooling rate of ≤2℃ / minute.

[0053] The cross-sectional structure of the obtained product in the thickness direction is as follows Figure 4As shown, porous carbon based on ginger straw fiber with a microporous structure is dispersed in the friction component as a reinforcing phase. These micropores can effectively dissipate the vibration wave energy generated by braking. Combined with the physical blocking and scattering effect of the biomimetic "ridge-groove" structure on the vibration waves, this significantly suppresses the generation of braking noise (screeching, low-frequency muffled sounds) at its source. Furthermore, after carbonization, the ginger straw fiber has a high specific surface area and a multi-level porous structure (coexistence of mesopores and macropores), which enhances crack deflection and bridging effects. During friction, it absorbs a large amount of crack propagation energy through fiber pull-out, interface debonding, and pore deformation, thus organizing the structure... Crack propagation; the spatial network formed by the porous carbon of ginger straw fibers, after carbonization, the ginger straw fibers intertwine to form a three-dimensional skeleton structure with interconnected pores. Its porous characteristics are similar to the arrangement of dentinal tubules, which can provide physical support and energy absorption functions; on the other hand, it refers to the composite network formed by the porous carbon and the resin matrix. The surface of the porous carbon of ginger straw fibers modified with silane coupling agent is chemically bonded to phenolic resin to form a "carbon-resin" interface transition layer, which interpenetrates with the resin cross-linking network to jointly construct a stable three-dimensional load-bearing system three-dimensional network structure, avoid stress concentration, and reduce the initiation of friction cracks.

[0054] Friction surface structure such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 In the diagram, the vertical direction is the m direction, and the horizontal direction is the n direction. Figure 1 The plane in question is the mn plane, perpendicular to... Figure 1 The plane in question is oriented in the P direction, forming a three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0055] If the arc-shaped fringe curve obtained by laser processing is K, then the equation of K is: y=0.00001x 3 -0.045x 2 +2.23x, x∈(44.9, 300), where the x-axis is the straight line connecting cd, and the y-axis is perpendicular to the x-axis.

[0056] The arc-shaped stripe cross section is in Figure 1 The ridge-groove structure undulates along the thickness direction on the plane where it is located. The cross-section at position B of the ridge-groove structure (i.e., its projection onto the plane perpendicular to curve K) is... Figure 2 (The orange-yellow line segment near the interior) Figure 2 As shown, position a is the highest point of the ridge-sulcus structure, position b is the lowest point of the ridge-sulcus structure, and curve J is the outline of the ridge-sulcus structure. The ridge-sulcus structure is obtained by combining curve J and the line of symmetry of curve J. The equation of J is: y=0.831x 3 -2.176x 2 +2.5, x∈[0, 1.8], where the x-axis is Figure 2 The horizontal direction in the middle, the Y-axis is Figure 2 The vertical direction in the middle.

[0057] Obtaining the curved groove edge through machining Figure 1 The distribution of frictional force in the arc-shaped stripes divides the ridge structure into multiple segments. On a plane perpendicular to the direction of frictional force, the position of arc groove C ( Figure 1 The projection of the orange-yellow line segment (located at the edge) is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the profile of the arc groove is curve L, and the equation of L is: y = 1.89cos[0.4(x+3)], x ∈ (0~π), x-axis is Figure 3 The horizontal direction, the Y-axis is Figure 3 The vertical direction in the middle.

[0058] Example 2 A friction component is prepared from a friction composite material. The raw materials for preparing the friction composite material include the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon obtained in Preparation Example 1, 15 parts of binder, 10 parts of friction performance modifier, 15 parts of filler, 5 parts of aramid fiber, 6 parts of glass fiber, and 2 parts of additives.

[0059] The requirements for raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and the shape and size of the friction components are the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Example 3 A friction component is prepared from a friction composite material. The raw materials for preparing the friction composite material include the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon obtained in Preparation Example 1, 25 parts of binder, 15 parts of friction performance modifier, 25 parts of filler, 10 parts of aramid fiber, 12 parts of glass fiber, and 5 parts of additives.

[0061] The requirements for raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and the shape and size of the friction components are the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 1 A friction component is prepared from a friction composite material. The raw materials for preparing the friction composite material include the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts silicate-based mineral fiber, 20 parts binder, 13 parts friction performance modifier, 20 parts filler, 8 parts aramid fiber, 9 parts glass fiber, and 4 parts additives.

[0063] The difference from Example 1 is that the ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon obtained in Example 1 is replaced with silicate-based mineral fiber. The requirements for other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in Example 1, and the shape and size of the friction component are the same as in Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 2 A friction component is prepared from a friction composite material. The raw materials and proportions of the friction composite material are the same as in Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that in the preparation method, a rhomboid texture is processed using laser processing technology in step S2. The dimensions of the rhomboid texture are a side length of 1.25 mm, an interior angle of 60° / 120°, a groove width of approximately 0.4 mm, and a depth of 0.4 mm. Correspondingly, the arc groove is not processed after heat treatment in step S3. Other preparation methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 3 A friction component is prepared from a friction composite material. The raw materials and proportions of the friction composite material are the same as in Example 1. The difference is that in the preparation method, laser processing technology is not used to process the arc-shaped stripes in step S2. Instead, in step S3, after heat treatment, the arc-shaped stripes are processed by mechanical processing. Other preparation methods are the same as in Example 1.

[0066] Test case The tests included: coefficient of friction (referring to GB / T 5763-2018 "Automotive Brake Liners"); thermal fade rate (referring to GB / T 5763-2018 "Automotive Brake Liners"); wear rate (referring to GB / T 5763-2018 "Automotive Brake Liners"); and brake noise (referring to GB / T 10125-2021 "Test Method for Noise of Road Vehicle Braking Systems"). The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1 Summary of Test Results

[0068] This invention achieves the following through the synergistic effect of porous charcoal made from ginger straw fiber (formula innovation) and a simulated bovine molar groove-ridge structure combined with laser processing (process innovation): Noise suppression: Reduced from the industry benchmark of 75dB to 68dB, a decrease of 9.3%. Improved wear resistance: Wear rate 0.25 mm³ / MJ, a 40.5% reduction compared to control example 1. Thermal stability: The thermal degradation rate is 9.5%, far superior to the 21.1% of Comparative Example 1. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A friction composite material, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparation include the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon, 15-25 parts of binder, 10-15 parts of friction performance modifier, 15-25 parts of filler, 5-10 parts of aramid fiber, 6-12 parts of glass fiber, and 2-5 parts of additives.

2. The friction composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ginger straw fiber porous carbon has a surface modified with a silane coupling agent; Alternatively, the adhesive may include phenolic resin or modified phenolic resin; Alternatively, the filler comprises 9-14 parts calcium carbonate, 4-6 parts expanded perlite powder, and 2-3 parts flaky boron nitride; Alternatively, the aramid fiber may have a length of 4-6 mm and a diameter of 12-15 μm. Alternatively, the glass fiber specifications are 3~6mm in length, 10~13μm in diameter, and a single filament tensile strength ≥2000MPa.

3. The friction composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction performance modifier comprises 4-6 parts of fluorinated graphite, 3-5 parts of silicon carbide, 1-2 parts of zirconium boride, and 2-3 parts of expandable graphite; Alternatively, the additives may include 1-2 parts calcium stearate and 0.5-1 parts oxidized polyethylene wax.

4. A friction component based on the friction composite material as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The friction surface is provided with multiple groove-ridge structure stripes arranged along the friction direction. The groove-ridge structure stripes are arc-shaped stripes, and the length direction of the arc-shaped stripes intersects the friction direction at a set angle. The friction surface is provided with arc grooves along the friction direction.

5. The friction component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the length direction of the arc-shaped stripes and the friction direction is 70~110°.

6. A method for preparing a friction component as described in any one of claims 4-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Mix all raw materials evenly to obtain a mixture; S2. The mixture is prepared into a friction composite matrix by hot pressing and curing; S3. Arc-shaped stripes are obtained by laser processing on the surface of a composite matrix. S4. The arc groove is obtained by machining after heat treatment.

7. The method for preparing the friction component according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S1, the surface of ginger straw fiber-based porous carbon was modified using a silane coupling agent-ethanol solution and then washed with water until neutral.

8. The method for preparing the friction component according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S2, hot-press curing includes: pre-curing at 80~100℃ and 5~8MPa for 30~60min; main curing at 150~180℃ and 10-20MPa for 1~3h, followed by cooling and depressurization.

9. The method for preparing the friction component according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S3, the laser processing power is 100~500W, preferably 200~300W; the scanning speed is 100-500 mm / s, preferably 200-300 mm / s; Alternatively, the spot diameter is 0.1-0.3 mm, the number of scans is 1-3, the single processing depth is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the auxiliary gas is compressed air with a pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa.

10. The method for preparing the friction component according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S4, the heat treatment includes: heating to 120~140℃ and holding for 2~4 hours; heating to 180~200℃ and surrounding for 1~2 hours; and then cooling to room temperature.

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