A simulation device for hydrothermal reaction under loss of water accident of vacuum chamber

Abstract

This invention discloses a simulation device for hydrothermal reactions under vacuum chamber dehydration accidents, belonging to the field of vacuum chamber accident simulation technology. The device includes a quartz tube with its opening facing upwards, an induction heating coil wound around its exterior, and a detachably sealed end of the quartz tube via a flange assembly. A water injection pipe extending from the lower end of the flange assembly to above a metal sample is connected to a storage tank. The flange assembly also has an outlet pipe communicating with the inner cavity of the quartz tube, which is connected to a mass spectrometer analysis unit via a liquid nitrogen cold trap. The middle section of the outlet pipe is connected to a vacuum pumping unit via a vacuum pumping pipe. A monitoring unit is located on one side of the quartz tube. This invention integrates vacuum acquisition, induction heating, controllable coolant injection, in-situ monitoring, and online analysis of gaseous products, achieving comprehensive simulation of the high-temperature metal-coolant hydrothermal reaction process under vacuum chamber dehydration accidents. It is suitable for preliminary research on vacuum chamber dehydration accidents in fusion devices, high-temperature high-vacuum furnaces, and other similar applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vacuum chamber accident simulation technology, and in particular to a simulation device for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial and scientific research settings involving vacuum chambers and cooling systems, such as magnetic confinement fusion devices, high-temperature high-vacuum furnaces, and plasma coating equipment, vacuum chamber dehydration accidents are a type of highly destructive emergency. When cooling water pipes rupture due to plasma bursts, material fatigue fractures, or external impacts, high-pressure cooling water is rapidly injected into the high-temperature vacuum chamber, triggering complex hydrothermal reactions. During this process, the high-temperature metal structures (such as the vacuum chamber walls and internal supports) come into contact with the cooling water, which may not only cause microcracks or even macroscopic fractures due to severe thermal shock, leading to deterioration of material mechanical properties, but also damage surface properties due to oxidation and other chemical reactions, resulting in a loss of ultra-high vacuum adaptability. More seriously, the reaction between high-temperature metal and water can generate dangerous gases such as hydrogen and oxygen. If these gases accumulate in a confined space and cause secondary combustion and explosion, it will greatly increase the difficulty of accident handling and the safety risks.

[0003] Currently, research on such vacuum chamber dehydration accident scenarios lacks systematic experimental simulation methods. Existing laboratory-level technical attempts mainly focus on the following directions: One method involves heating the material as a whole in a conventional heating furnace and then adding water droplets. However, this method is difficult to simulate a vacuum environment and cannot achieve the coupling effect of local high temperature and directional injection of coolant. Secondly, resistance heating or laser heating can be used, but the former is prone to interference from the heating element itself, while the latter has high equipment costs and is difficult to achieve uniform heating control for large-sized samples. Third, the gas is collected and analyzed after the reaction in a closed chamber, but it lacks the ability to observe the reaction process in situ and cannot effectively separate the coolant vapor from the gaseous reaction products, resulting in distorted analysis results.

[0004] Overall, among existing publicly available technologies, no simulation system has yet been found that simultaneously meets the following key requirements: a vacuum or controlled atmosphere environment; coordinated control of precise local heating of samples and quantitative injection of coolant; in-situ visual monitoring of the dynamic process of hydrothermal reactions; online qualitative and quantitative analysis of post-reaction gaseous products; and consideration of experimental safety and repeatability. These technological gaps mean that preliminary studies of vacuum chamber dehydration accidents lack reliable experimental support, making it difficult to accurately assess the damage behavior of materials and potential secondary risks under accident conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simulation device for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident. The device carries a metal sample through an upward-opening quartz tube, and achieves local heating with the help of an external induction heating coil. Coolant is injected directionally through a water injection pipe on a flange assembly. Gas phase products are analyzed online through an outlet pipe, a liquid nitrogen cold trap and a mass spectrometer analysis unit. The reaction process is recorded in situ by a monitoring unit, thus constructing a comprehensive simulation platform for hydrothermal reaction.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a simulation device for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident, including a quartz tube with the opening facing upward for carrying a metal sample, an induction heating coil corresponding to the position of the metal sample is wound around the outside of the quartz tube, and the opening end of the quartz tube is detachably sealed by a flange assembly, and a water injection pipe is provided on the flange assembly with the lower end extending downward to the top of the metal sample, and the upper end of the water injection pipe is connected to the pipeline of the liquid storage tank. The flange assembly is also provided with an outlet pipe at one end that is connected to the inner cavity of the quartz tube. The other end of the outlet pipe is connected to the mass spectrometer analysis unit via a liquid nitrogen cold trap. The middle section of the outlet pipe is connected to the vacuum unit via a vacuum tube. A monitoring unit for monitoring the hydrothermal reaction inside the quartz tube is also provided on one side of the quartz tube.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, vacuum needle valves are provided on the pipeline between the liquid storage tank and the water injection pipe, on the gas outlet pipe between the vacuum tube and the quartz tube, on the gas outlet pipe between the vacuum tube and the liquid nitrogen cold trap, on the vacuum tube, and on the pipeline between the liquid nitrogen cold trap and the mass spectrometer analysis unit.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the flange assembly includes a lower mounting flange and an upper mounting flange connected by bolt locking seal. The lower mounting flange is axially movable and sleeved outside the open end of the quartz tube, and the two are sealed and connected by a first O-ring. The water injection pipe and the air outlet pipe are both installed on the upper mounting flange, and the water injection pipe and the upper mounting flange, and the air outlet pipe and the upper mounting flange are sealed and connected by a second O-ring.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the liquid storage tank is a funnel-shaped container with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the water injection pipe through a liquid supply pipeline.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mass spectrometer analysis unit includes a mass spectrometer driven by a molecular pump assembly, wherein the sampling port of the mass spectrometer is connected to the outlet of a liquid nitrogen cold trap via a pipeline, and the inlet of the liquid nitrogen cold trap is connected to an outlet pipe.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a micro-leakage valve is provided on the pipeline between the sampling port of the mass spectrometer and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen cold trap.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the vacuum pumping unit includes a vacuum pump assembly and a pressure gauge disposed on the vacuum pumping tube.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the monitoring unit is a high-speed infrared camera, and the lens of the high-speed infrared camera is pointed directly at the metal sample inside the quartz tube.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the water injection pipe is a quartz water injection pipe, and the lower end of the water injection pipe extends 5mm-15mm above the metal sample.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a workbench, which is a rectangular three-dimensional frame, and an upper table is horizontally provided on the top of the workbench, and a lower table is also provided parallel to the workbench below the upper table. The quartz tube is vertically mounted between the upper and lower tabletops via a flange assembly. The liquid storage tank, mass spectrometer analysis unit, and vacuum pumping unit are all mounted on the upper tabletop, while the liquid nitrogen cold trap and monitoring unit are all mounted on the lower tabletop.

[0016] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the simulation device for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention integrates a quartz tube, induction heating coil, water injection pipe, gas outlet pipe, vacuum pumping unit, liquid nitrogen cold trap, mass spectrometer analysis unit, and monitoring unit into one unit, and for the first time constructs a comprehensive simulation platform specifically for hydrothermal reactions in vacuum chamber dehydration accidents. It breaks through the limitations of existing technologies that can only conduct research on single physical processes (such as jet and flow measurement) or material self-reaction, and realizes the systematic simulation of the entire process of interaction between coolant and high-temperature metal. 2. This invention uses a quartz tube as the reaction chamber, combined with an externally wound induction heating coil, to achieve localized and precise heating of the metal sample. Only the metal sample is heated, while the chamber wall and other structures are not heated, thus avoiding unnecessary thermal interference. The quartz tube has an upward-facing opening and is sealed with a detachable flange assembly, which facilitates rapid sample replacement and ensures the establishment of an ultra-high vacuum environment, providing a basis for simulating the working conditions of a real vacuum chamber. 3. This invention achieves directional, quantitative, and controllable injection of coolant by setting a water injection pipe extending downward to the top of the metal sample on the flange assembly and connecting the water injection pipe to the liquid storage tank. It can simulate the coolant spraying conditions under different pressures and flow rates, and overcomes the defects of the prior art that cannot accurately simulate the contact position and injection method between the coolant and the high-temperature sample. 4. This invention achieves independent control of the vacuum level of the chamber before and after the reaction by setting up an outlet pipe, a vacuum pipe, and a vacuum unit; by connecting the outlet pipe to the mass spectrometer analysis unit through a liquid nitrogen cold trap, the coolant vapor is condensed and adsorbed by the liquid nitrogen cold trap, allowing only gaseous reaction products to enter the mass spectrometer, eliminating the interference of coolant vapor on product analysis, and realizing online qualitative and quantitative analysis of dangerous gaseous products such as hydrogen and oxygen, providing direct data support for gas risk assessment after an accident; 5. By setting up a monitoring unit, this invention enables in-situ real-time imaging and recording of the dynamic process of hydrothermal reaction. It can intuitively capture transient phenomena such as morphological changes, temperature field distribution and secondary combustion and explosion during the reaction process, providing experimental verification basis for theoretical simulation and filling the gap in the lack of visual monitoring methods for reaction processes in the existing technology. 6. This invention adopts a movable sealing structure of quartz tube and flange assembly, combined with the sealing design between water injection pipe, gas outlet pipe and flange assembly. While ensuring ultra-high vacuum sealing performance, the movable nature of the sealing structure can effectively remove the instantaneous impact force generated by rapid gas vaporization or chemical explosion in hydrothermal reaction, prevent quartz tube from cracking, and significantly improve experimental safety. 7. The overall structure of this invention adopts a modular design. The main functional units are composed of conventional laboratory equipment. The core consumables are only low-cost consumables such as quartz tubes and liquid nitrogen. Sample replacement is convenient and the experimental preparation cycle is short. Multiple sets of comparative experiments can be carried out efficiently, which greatly reduces the experimental cost and operation threshold of vacuum chamber water loss accident simulation research.

[0017] The invention will become clearer from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are used to explain embodiments of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the quartz tube and liquid nitrogen cold trap of the present invention on the workbench; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the liquid storage tank, quartz tube, liquid nitrogen cold trap and micro-leak valve of the present invention.

[0020] Wherein: 1-quartz tube; 11-lower mounting flange; 12-upper mounting flange; 13-water injection pipe; 14-air outlet pipe; 2-liquid storage tank; 3-liquid nitrogen cold trap; 4-micro-leakage valve; 5-vacuum tube; 51-pressure gauge; 6-vacuum needle valve; 7-workbench frame; 71-upper table; 72-lower table. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; of course, they can also refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; furthermore, they can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example: Specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows: Figure 1-2 As shown, a simulation device for hydrothermal reaction under a vacuum chamber dehydration accident includes a quartz tube 1 with its opening facing upwards for carrying a metal sample. An induction heating coil corresponding to the position of the metal sample is wound around the outside of the quartz tube 1, and the open end of the quartz tube 1 is detachably sealed by a flange assembly. A water injection pipe 13 is provided on the flange assembly, extending downwards to above the metal sample, and the upper end of the water injection pipe 13 is connected to a pipeline of a liquid storage tank 2.

[0025] Quartz tube 1, serving as the core chamber for the hydrothermal reaction, is made of transparent quartz material. This facilitates direct observation of the sample and reaction phenomena during the experiment and also possesses excellent high-temperature resistance and chemical stability. Quartz tube 1 is positioned with its opening facing upwards, and the metal sample is placed at the bottom of the tube. An induction heating coil is wound around the outside of quartz tube 1, directly facing the sample. When the induction heating coil operates, it generates an eddy current heating effect only on the metal sample, while quartz tube 1 and other structures within the chamber remain unheated, achieving precise localized heating. This design simulates the situation in a vacuum chamber dehydration accident where only high-temperature structures—such as the vacuum chamber walls and internal supports—are at high temperatures, while the rest of the chamber remains relatively cool, avoiding thermal interference and energy waste caused by overall heating.

[0026] Meanwhile, the flange assembly is also equipped with an outlet pipe 14, one end of which is connected to the inner cavity of the quartz tube 1. The other end of the outlet pipe 14 is connected to the mass spectrometer analysis unit via the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3, and the middle section of the outlet pipe 14 is connected to the vacuum pumping unit via the vacuum pumping pipe 5. The vacuum pumping unit includes a vacuum pump assembly and a pressure gauge 51 installed on the vacuum pumping pipe 5 for monitoring the vacuum level of the chamber.

[0027] In this embodiment, the flange assembly includes a lower mounting flange 11 and an upper mounting flange 12 connected by a bolt-locking seal. The lower mounting flange 11 is axially movable and sleeved outside the open end of the quartz tube 1, and the two are sealed together by a first O-ring. The water inlet pipe 13 and the air outlet pipe 14 both pass through the upper mounting flange 12, and the water inlet pipe 13 and the upper mounting flange 12, and the air outlet pipe 14 and the upper mounting flange 12 are both sealed together by a second O-ring.

[0028] This sealing structure offers multiple technical advantages: First, the first O-ring achieves an ultra-high vacuum seal between the quartz tube 1 and the lower mounting flange 11. Simultaneously, since the lower mounting flange 11 is axially movable and fitted outside the open end of the quartz tube 1, when rapid gas vaporization or hydrogen-oxygen combustion generates instantaneous impact pressure during hydrothermal reactions, the quartz tube 1 can undergo slight axial displacement. The impact force is dissipated through the elastic deformation of the O-ring, effectively preventing the quartz tube 1 from cracking and significantly improving experimental safety. Second, the upper mounting flange 12 and the lower mounting flange 11 are bolted together, facilitating quick assembly and disassembly and enabling convenient sample replacement. After a single experiment, only loosening the bolts and removing the quartz tube 1 is required to replace the sample, resulting in a short experimental preparation cycle. Third, the water injection pipe 13, the gas outlet pipe 14, and the upper mounting flange 12 are also sealed with O-rings to prevent coolant or gas leakage from the pipe-flange connection.

[0029] Vacuum needle valves 6 are installed on the pipelines between the liquid storage tank 2 and the water injection pipe 13, on the gas outlet pipe 14 between the vacuum tube 5 and the quartz tube 1, on the gas outlet pipe 14 between the vacuum tube 5 and the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3, on the vacuum tube 5, and on the pipeline between the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3 and the mass spectrometer analysis unit. The independent installation of each vacuum needle valve 6 allows for independent control of each functional module during the experiment: during vacuuming, the vacuum needle valves 6 on the gas outlet pipe 14 between the vacuum tube 5 and the quartz tube 1, the vacuum needle valves 6 on the gas outlet pipe 14 between the vacuum tube 5 and the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3, the vacuum needle valve 6 on the vacuum tube 5, and the vacuum needle valve 6 on the pipeline between the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3 and the mass spectrometer analysis unit are opened to vent impurity gases; afterwards, the vacuum needle valve 6 on the vacuum tube 5 is closed to prevent reactive gases from entering the vacuum tube 5. The vacuum needle valve 6 between the liquid storage tank 2 and the water injection pipe 13 is used to control the timing and amount of coolant injection.

[0030] In this embodiment, the liquid storage tank 2 is a funnel-shaped container with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases from top to bottom. The bottom outlet of the liquid storage tank 2 is connected to the water injection pipe 13 through a liquid supply pipe. The funnel-shaped structure facilitates the smooth flow of coolant under gravity and makes it easy to vent the gas in the pipeline before the experiment. In this embodiment, the liquid storage tank 2 can be used in an open mode at atmospheric pressure, using atmospheric pressure difference to inject coolant; or it can be sealed and pressurized with argon gas to simulate the working condition of high-pressure cooling water jet, thereby covering the liquid injection conditions under different accident scenarios.

[0031] Furthermore, the water injection pipe 13 is preferably a quartz water injection pipe, with its lower end extending 5mm-15mm above the metal sample. Quartz material is not induction heated and does not chemically react with the coolant, ensuring the purity of the water injection process. Maintaining a close distance of 5mm-15mm between the lower end of the water injection pipe 13 and the sample ensures that the coolant can be accurately sprayed onto the high-temperature sample surface, preventing coolant splashing or deviation from the reaction area, thus achieving precise control of the liquid-solid interaction.

[0032] In addition, the mass spectrometer analysis unit includes a mass spectrometer driven by a molecular pump assembly. The sampling port of the mass spectrometer is connected to the outlet of the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3 via a pipeline, and the inlet of the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3 is connected to the gas outlet pipe 14. A micro-leak valve 4 is installed on the pipeline between the sampling port of the mass spectrometer and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3.

[0033] Regarding the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3, its built-in coil structure allows its internal temperature to drop to -196℃ after being filled with liquid nitrogen. When the mixed gas from the hydrothermal reaction enters the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3 through the outlet pipe 14, the coolant vapor is condensed and adsorbed onto the inner wall of the cold trap at low temperature, while the gaseous reaction products such as hydrogen have boiling points far below the liquid nitrogen temperature, remaining gaseous as they pass through the cold trap into subsequent pipelines. This design effectively separates the coolant vapor from the gaseous reaction products, eliminating interference from the coolant vapor on mass spectrometer measurements. The micro-leak valve 4 is used to precisely control the gas flow rate entering the mass spectrometer, preventing damage to the equipment due to excessive chamber pressure exceeding the mass spectrometer's detection limit. Simultaneously, after calibration via the leak, quantitative analysis of the gaseous products can be achieved.

[0034] It is important to note that: A monitoring unit for monitoring the hydrothermal reaction inside the quartz tube 1 is also provided on one side. In this embodiment, the monitoring unit is a high-speed infrared camera, and the lens of the high-speed infrared camera is directly facing the metal sample inside the quartz tube 1. The high-speed infrared camera can capture transient phenomena such as temperature field distribution, sample surface morphology changes, steam eruption, and secondary combustion during the hydrothermal reaction process in real time, with a frame rate of up to several thousand frames per second, capable of capturing millisecond-level dynamic processes. This in-situ monitoring method provides boundary condition verification and process calibration basis for theoretical simulation.

[0035] The simulation device also includes a workbench 7. In this embodiment, the workbench 7 is a rectangular three-dimensional frame, and an upper table 71 is horizontally mounted on the top of the workbench 7. A lower table 72 is also mounted parallel to the upper table 71 on the workbench 7. The quartz tube 1 is vertically mounted between the upper table 71 and the lower table 72 via a flange assembly. The liquid storage tank 2, the mass spectrometer analysis unit, and the vacuum pumping unit are all mounted on the upper table 71. The liquid nitrogen cold trap 3 and the monitoring unit are all mounted on the lower table 72. The layout design of the workbench 7 makes the device structure compact, the functional units clearly divided, and facilitates operation and maintenance. At the same time, placing the liquid storage tank 2 at a high position and the liquid nitrogen cold trap 3 at a low position is beneficial for the injection of coolant under gravity and the transportation of gas under pressure difference.

[0036] The present invention has been described above in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above, but should cover various modifications and equivalent combinations made in accordance with the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation device for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident, characterized in that, It includes a quartz tube (1) with its opening facing upward for carrying a metal sample. An induction heating coil corresponding to the position of the metal sample is wound around the outside of the quartz tube (1). The opening end of the quartz tube (1) is detachably sealed by a flange assembly. The flange assembly is provided with a water injection pipe (13) extending downward to the top of the metal sample. The upper end of the water injection pipe (13) is connected to the pipeline of the liquid storage tank (2). The flange assembly is also provided with an outlet pipe (14) with one end connected to the inner cavity of the quartz tube (1). The other end of the outlet pipe (14) is connected to the mass spectrometer analysis unit via a liquid nitrogen cold trap (3). The middle section of the outlet pipe (14) is connected to the vacuum unit via a vacuum tube (5). A monitoring unit for monitoring the hydrothermal reaction inside the quartz tube (1) is also provided on one side of the quartz tube (1).

2. The simulation apparatus for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident according to claim 1, characterized in that, Vacuum needle valves (6) are provided on the pipeline between the storage tank (2) and the water injection pipe (13), on the gas outlet pipe (14) between the vacuum pipe (5) and the quartz tube (1), on the gas outlet pipe (14) between the vacuum pipe (5) and the liquid nitrogen cold trap (3), on the vacuum pipe (5), and on the pipeline between the liquid nitrogen cold trap (3) and the mass spectrometer analysis unit.

3. The simulation apparatus for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flange assembly includes a lower mounting flange (11) and an upper mounting flange (12) connected by bolt locking seal. The lower mounting flange (11) is axially movably sleeved outside the open end of the quartz tube (1), and the two are sealed together by a first O-ring. The water injection pipe (13) and the air outlet pipe (14) are both installed on the upper mounting flange (12), and the water injection pipe (13) and the upper mounting flange (12) and the air outlet pipe (14) and the upper mounting flange (12) are sealed together by a second O-ring.

4. The simulation apparatus for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid storage tank (2) is a funnel-shaped container with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases from top to bottom. The bottom outlet of the liquid storage tank (2) is connected to the water injection pipe (13) through the liquid supply pipeline.

5. The simulation apparatus for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass spectrometer analysis unit includes a mass spectrometer driven by a molecular pump assembly. The sampling port of the mass spectrometer is connected to the outlet of the liquid nitrogen cold trap (3) through a pipeline, and the inlet of the liquid nitrogen cold trap (3) is connected to the gas outlet pipe (14).

6. The simulation apparatus for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident according to claim 5, characterized in that, A micro-leak valve (4) is installed on the pipeline between the sampling port of the mass spectrometer and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen cold trap (3).

7. The simulation apparatus for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum pumping unit includes a vacuum pump assembly and a pressure gauge (51) installed on the vacuum pumping tube (5).

8. The simulation apparatus for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring unit is a high-speed infrared camera, and the lens of the high-speed infrared camera is facing the metal sample inside the quartz tube (1).

9. The simulation apparatus for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water injection pipe (13) is a quartz water injection pipe, and the lower end of the water injection pipe (13) extends to 5mm-15mm above the metal sample.

10. The simulation apparatus for hydrothermal reaction under vacuum chamber dehydration accident according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a workbench (7), which is a rectangular three-dimensional frame, and an upper table (71) is horizontally provided on the top of the workbench (7), and a lower table (72) is also provided parallel to the workbench (7) below the upper table (71). The quartz tube (1) is vertically installed between the upper table plate (71) and the lower table plate (72) via a flange assembly. The liquid storage tank (2), the mass spectrometer analysis unit and the vacuum pumping unit are all installed on the upper table plate (71), and the liquid nitrogen cold trap (3) and the monitoring unit are all installed on the lower table plate (72).

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