A cambered surface fitting type laser cutting process and device for a wave-shaped metal hyperbolic plate

Abstract

The application discloses a cambered surface fitting type laser cutting process and device for a wave-shaped metal hyperbolic plate, and the process comprises the following steps: S1, hyperbolic plate parameter acquisition; S2, arc segment segmentation processing; S3, determination of the center coordinates of each segment; S4, initial position adjustment of a laser cutting head; S5, concave arc segment cutting execution; S6, convex arc segment cutting execution; S7, width cycle cutting and path switching. Irregular and difficult-to-control overall wave surfaces of the hyperbolic plate are converted into a plurality of regular and easy-to-position arc units, namely upper arc segments and lower arc segments, and corresponding cutting modes are adopted for the upper arc segments and the lower arc segments, the concave arc segments are rotated around the laser cutting head as the center, the convex arc segments are rotated around the center of the arc segment as the center, the precise adaptation of the cutting posture is realized, the rotation center is flexibly adjusted according to different arc shapes, the laser emission direction or the cutting head feeding track is always fitted to the curved surface, and machining defects such as thermal deformation and burrs are effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting technology, and particularly relates to a curved surface bonding laser cutting process for wavy metal hyperbolic plates, and a curved surface bonding laser cutting device for implementing this method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of high-end equipment manufacturing, metal cutting and welding equipment, as basic processing equipment, is rapidly developing towards automation, intelligence, and high precision. Various intelligent cutting systems and automated welding and heat treatment production lines have become key development directions in the industry. To meet the demand for efficient and precise processing of complex metal components, laser cutting equipment, with its advantages of small heat-affected zone, high cutting accuracy, and non-contact processing, is gradually replacing traditional cutting methods and has become a key piece of equipment for the precision forming of metal sheets.

[0003] The wavy hyperbolic metal sheet has a complex wavy surface shape, presenting a continuous undulating composite structure of convex and concave surfaces. The curvature changes irregularly, and the surface positioning is difficult. In traditional laser cutting processes, it is difficult to directly match the entire surface with a precise trajectory. If the complete hyperbolic surface is cut directly, it is very easy to cause deviations in the laser incident angle due to abrupt curvature changes and poor posture adaptation. This results in problems such as rough cut surfaces, excessive burrs and slag, and significant thermal deformation of the sheet, which seriously affects the forming accuracy and product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes the following technical solution: A curved surface bonding laser cutting process for a wavy hyperboloid metal plate includes the following steps: S1. Hyperbolic plate parameter acquisition; After the hyperbolic plate is fixed to the worktable, the control system drives the gantry double drive mechanism to move the scanning sensor along the width direction of the hyperbolic plate to perform a full-area scan of the plate surface, collect key process parameters such as surface shape, curvature distribution, plate width, plate thickness and height difference of each area, and transmit the parameters to the control system in real time for storage. S2, segmentation of arc-shaped segments; Based on the parameters collected by S1, the control system divides the overall wavy surface of the hyperboloid into segments, making each segment a single convex or concave arc segment, and keeping the diameter of each arc segment similar, and automatically generating segment cutting path planning files simultaneously. S3. Determine the coordinates of the center of each segment; For each convex or concave arc segment divided by S2, the center coordinates of each arc segment are calculated and determined by a geometric algorithm, and the center coordinates, arc segment type and corresponding cutting path are bound and stored. S4. Adjust the initial position of the laser cutting head; The control system adjusts the position of the cutting head according to the position information of the first arc segment to be cut. If the first arc segment to be cut is a concave arc segment, then proceed to step S5; if the first arc segment to be cut is a convex arc segment, then proceed to step S6. S5, Execute the concave arc segment cutting; The laser cutting head of the laser cutting mechanism is driven by the gantry dual-drive structure and positioned to the center coordinate position corresponding to the concave arc segment. The laser cutting mechanism is rotated around the laser cutting head as the rotation center, and the gantry dual-drive mechanism is linked to make real-time fine adjustments so that the laser emission direction keeps in line with the trajectory of the concave arc surface, thus completing the laser cutting of this segment. S6, Execution of upward convex arc segment cutting; The laser cutting mechanism is driven by the gantry double drive mechanism to accurately position the laser cutting mechanism at the center coordinate position corresponding to the upper convex arc segment. The laser cutting mechanism is rotated around the center and the gantry double drive mechanism is linked to make real-time fine adjustments so that the laser cutting head deflects and feeds along the surface trajectory of the upper convex arc segment to complete the laser cutting of the segment. S7, Width-based loop cutting and path switching; After completing the current arc segment cut, the gantry dual-drive structure drives the laser cutting head to move along the width direction of the hyperboloid plate to the starting position of the next arc segment to be cut, repeating the operation of S5 or S6 until all arc segments in the current width direction are cut.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it also includes: S8, length direction path switching; Control the gantry dual-drive structure to move along the length of the hyperbolic plate to the next length area to be cut, adjust the initial position according to the requirements of S4, and then repeat the operation of S5-S7 until the arc segment of all length areas is cut.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it also includes: S9, equipment reset and workpiece removal; After all cutting operations are completed, the laser cutting head and the gantry dual-drive structure are reset to their initial positions, the laser and control system are turned off, and the cut workpieces are taken out one by one.

[0007] A laser cutting device for a wavy metal hyperboloid plate with an arc-surface bonding type includes: a gantry dual-drive mechanism, a laser cutting mechanism, and an adjustment component; the adjustment component includes a drive gear, a driven gear, an arc-shaped rack, and a mounting frame fixedly connected to the mounting point of the gantry dual-drive structure; one end of the driven gear is provided with a rotating plate for mounting the laser cutting mechanism, the cutting head of the laser cutting mechanism is located on the extension line of the center line of the driven gear, and the other end of the driven gear is provided with a connecting piece between it and the arc-shaped rack; the center of the arc-shaped rack is the same as the center of the arc segment, and an arc-shaped insert is coaxially provided on one side of the arc-shaped rack, the arc-shaped insert being movably inserted into the mounting frame; a reciprocating moving plate is provided on one side of the mounting frame, and a drive motor connected to the drive gear is provided on one side of the moving plate, the moving plate driving the drive gear to reciprocate between the driven gear and the arc-shaped rack, and: When the drive gear meshes with the driven gear, the connecting piece disengages the driven gear from the arc rack. When the drive gear rotates, it drives the driven gear to rotate synchronously. The rotating plate then drives the laser cutting mechanism to rotate around the laser cutting head. When the drive gear meshes with the arc-shaped rack, the connecting piece connects the driven gear and the arc-shaped rack. When the drive gear rotates, it drives the arc-shaped rack and the driven gear to deflect. The rotating plate then drives the laser cutting mechanism to rotate around the center of the arc-shaped rack.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the connector is disposed inside the mounting frame. The connector includes a steering gear, a plug-in block, a moving block, and a pushing block. The surfaces of the moving block and the pushing block are both provided with toothed grooves. The two sides of the steering gear mesh with the moving block and the pushing block respectively through the toothed groove positions. A return spring is fixedly connected between one end of the pushing block and the mounting frame, and the other end of the pushing block extends to the outside of the mounting frame, with the end of the pushing block abutting against the surface of the drive gear. The moving block and the plug-in block are fixedly connected by a magnetic block, and one end of the plug-in block is movably inserted into an arc-shaped rack. When the drive gear moves from the driven gear side to the arc rack side, the push block is pressed and moves, compressing the return spring. Under the transmission action of the steering gear, the moving block drives the plug block to move in the opposite direction. The plug block is simultaneously inserted into the driven gear and the arc rack, rigidly connecting the driven gear and the arc rack into one unit. The arc rack drives the driven gear to deflect synchronously, and at this time, the magnetic attraction between the plug block and the moving block is in a separated state.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the plug-in block has a polygonal structure, and the plug-in holes on the arc-shaped rack and the driven gear are all matched with the structure of the plug-in block.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a rotating ball is rotatably inserted into the end of the push block, and the rotating ball replaces the push block to fit against the surface of the drive gear, thereby achieving rolling contact.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the arc-shaped plug has a T-shaped cross-section, and the plug slot structure on the mounting bracket that mates with the arc-shaped plug matches the arc-shaped plug.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the adjustment assembly further includes a limiting rod, one end of which is sleeved on the surface of the driven gear shaft, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped rack. The limiting rod is used to limit the driven gear and prevent the driven gear from disengaging from the working position.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The irregular and difficult-to-control overall wavy surface of the hyperboloid board is transformed into multiple regular and easily positioned arc-shaped units, namely upper and lower arc segments. This avoids the deviation of the cutting trajectory caused by abrupt changes in the curvature of the surface and ensures that the cutting parameters of each arc segment can be uniformly adapted, ensuring consistent cutting accuracy of each segment, achieving smooth connection of the curved surface contour, and reducing cutting seam errors. Corresponding cutting methods are adopted for the upper and lower arc segments. The concave arc segment rotates around the laser cutting head, and the convex arc segment rotates around the center of the arc segment, achieving precise adaptation of the cutting posture. The rotation center is flexibly adjusted for different arc shapes, so that the laser emission direction or the cutting head feed trajectory always fits the curved surface, ensuring that the laser and the curved surface of the board maintain the best cutting angle, effectively reducing processing defects such as thermal deformation, burrs, and slag, improving the quality of the cut section, and thus ensuring the stability and consistency of batch processing. 2. By synchronously triggering the connecting parts through the positional movement of the drive gear, the connection and disconnection between the driven gear and the arc-shaped rack are realized. When cutting the concave arc segment, the driven gear disengages from the arc-shaped rack, and the drive gear directly drives the driven gear to rotate, causing the laser cutting mechanism to rotate around the laser cutting head itself. When cutting the convex arc segment, the driven gear and the arc-shaped rack are locked together, and the drive gear drives the arc-shaped rack to deflect, causing the laser cutting mechanism to revolve around the center of the arc segment. The two working modes are seamlessly connected, which can perfectly adapt to the cutting needs of different curved surfaces of wavy hyperbolic plates, ensuring that the laser always maintains the best incident angle, effectively improving cutting accuracy and cross-sectional quality, and reducing burrs, slag, and thermal deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall structure of the embodiment; Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the various parts of the adjustment component in the embodiment; Figure 3 The diagram shown is a deflection diagram adapted to the concave arc segment cutting in the embodiment; Figure 4 The examples shown are from the embodiments. Figure 3 Front sectional view; Figure 5 The diagram shown illustrates the working state of the connector in the embodiment. Figure 6 The examples shown are from the embodiments. Figure 5 Front sectional view; Figure 7 The diagram shown is a deflection diagram adapted to the concave arc segment cutting in the embodiment; Figure 8 The examples shown are from the embodiments. Figure 7 Front sectional view; Figure 9 The diagram shown illustrates the insertion block leaving the moving block in the embodiment.

[0015] In the diagram: 10. Drive gear; 20. Driven gear; 30. Arc-shaped rack; 31. Arc-shaped insert; 40. Mounting bracket; 50. Rotating plate; 60. Connector; 61. Moving plate; 62. Drive motor; 63. Steering gear; 64. Insertion block; 65. Moving block; 66. Pushing block; 67. Return spring; 68. Rotating ball; 70. Limiting rod; 80. Laser cutting head. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Example

[0017] Figure 1 A laser cutting process for curved surface bonding of a wavy metal hyperboloid plate includes the following steps: S1. Hyperbolic plate parameter acquisition; After the hyperbolic plate is fixed to the worktable, the control system drives the gantry double drive mechanism to move the scanning sensor along the width direction of the hyperbolic plate to perform a full-area scan of the plate surface, collect key process parameters such as surface shape, curvature distribution, plate width, plate thickness and height difference of each area, and transmit the parameters to the control system in real time for storage. S2, segmentation of arc-shaped segments; Based on the parameters collected by S1, the control system divides the overall wavy surface of the hyperboloid into segments, making each segment a single convex or concave arc segment, and keeping the diameter of each arc segment similar, and automatically generating segment cutting path planning files simultaneously. S3. Determine the coordinates of the center of each segment; For each convex or concave arc segment divided by S2, the center coordinates of each arc segment are calculated and determined by a geometric algorithm, and the center coordinates, arc segment type and corresponding cutting path are bound and stored. S4. Adjust the initial position of the laser cutting head at 80°. The control system adjusts the position of the cutting head according to the position information of the first arc segment to be cut. If the first arc segment to be cut is a concave arc segment, then proceed to step S5; if the first arc segment to be cut is a convex arc segment, then proceed to step S6. S5, Execute the concave arc segment cutting; The laser cutting head 80 of the laser cutting mechanism is driven by the gantry double drive structure and positioned to the center coordinate position corresponding to the concave arc segment. The adjustment component rotates with the laser cutting head 80 as the rotation center, and the gantry double drive mechanism is linked to make real-time fine adjustment so that the laser emission direction is in line with the trajectory of the concave arc surface, thus completing the laser cutting of this segment. S6, Execution of upward convex arc segment cutting; The adjustment component is driven by the gantry double drive mechanism to accurately position the center coordinate position corresponding to the upper convex arc segment. The adjustment component drives the laser cutting head 80 to rotate around the center. The gantry double drive mechanism is linked to make real-time fine adjustments so that the laser cutting head 80 deflects and feeds along the surface trajectory of the upper convex arc segment to complete the laser cutting of the segment. S7, Width-based loop cutting and path switching; After the current arc segment is cut, the gantry dual-drive structure drives the laser cutting head 80 to move along the width direction of the hyperboloid plate to the starting position of the next arc segment to be cut, repeating the operation of S5 or S6 until all arc segments in the current width direction are cut.

[0018] S8, Length direction path switching; Control the gantry dual-drive structure to move along the length of the hyperbolic plate to the next length area to be cut, adjust the initial position according to the requirements of S4, and then repeat the operation of S5-S7 until the arc segment of all length areas is cut.

[0019] It also includes: S9, equipment reset and workpiece removal; After all cutting operations are completed, the laser cutting head 80 and the gantry dual-drive structure are reset to their initial positions, the laser and control system are turned off, and the cut workpieces are taken out one by one.

[0020] After the wavy hyperbolic plate is fixed on the worktable, the gantry dual-drive structure drives the sensor to move along the width of the plate to perform a full scan of the hyperbolic plate, collecting parameters such as surface shape, curvature change, plate width, thickness, and height difference of each area and storing them in the control system. Based on the collected parameters, the system divides the overall wavy surface into segments, dividing it into multiple convex or concave arc segments with similar diameters and simple shapes. Then, the geometric algorithm calculates the center coordinates of each arc segment and binds the coordinates to the cutting path for planning. Subsequently, the control system adjusts the initial position of the laser cutting mechanism based on the type and location of the first arc segment to be cut using a gantry dual-drive structure. If it is a concave arc segment, the laser cutting head 80 is moved to the center of the arc segment, and the adjusting component rotates around the laser cutting head 80, coordinating with the fine-tuning of the gantry frame to ensure the laser emission direction conforms to the concave arc surface for cutting. If it is a convex arc segment, the adjusting component is moved to the corresponding center position, and the adjusting component drives the laser cutting head 80 to rotate around the center, cutting along the surface of the convex arc. After one arc segment in the current width direction is cut, the gantry dual-drive structure drives the laser cutting head 80 to move along the width direction to the next segment position, repeating the corresponding cutting action until all segments in the width direction are cut. Then, the gantry dual-drive structure moves along the length direction of the hyperboloid plate to the next area to be cut, readjusts the initial position, and repeats the above cutting process until all length areas of the plate are cut. After all cutting operations are completed, the laser cutting head 80 and the gantry dual-drive structure are reset, the laser and control system are turned off, and the processed workpiece is removed.

[0021] The irregular and difficult-to-control overall wavy surface of the hyperboloid board is transformed into multiple regular and easily positioned arc-shaped units, namely the upper arc segment and the lower arc segment. This avoids the deviation of the cutting trajectory caused by abrupt changes in the curvature of the surface and ensures that the cutting parameters of each arc segment can be uniformly adapted, ensuring consistent cutting accuracy of each segment and achieving a smooth connection of the curved surface contour, reducing cutting seam errors. Corresponding cutting methods are adopted for the upper and lower arc segments. The concave arc segment rotates around the laser cutting head at 80 degrees, and the convex arc segment rotates around the center of the arc segment circle, achieving precise adaptation of the cutting posture. The rotation center is flexibly adjusted for different arc shapes, so that the laser emission direction or the cutting head feed trajectory always fits the curved surface, ensuring that the laser and the curved surface of the board maintain the optimal cutting angle, effectively reducing processing defects such as thermal deformation, burrs, and slag, improving the quality of the cut section, and thus ensuring the stability and consistency of batch processing.

[0022] Figures 2-9A laser cutting device for a wavy metal hyperboloid plate with an arc-surface bonding type includes: a gantry dual-drive mechanism, a laser cutting mechanism, and an adjustment assembly; the adjustment assembly includes a drive gear 10, a driven gear 20, an arc-shaped rack 30, and a mounting bracket 40 fixedly connected to the mounting point of the gantry dual-drive structure. One end of the driven gear 20 is provided with a rotating plate 50 for mounting the laser cutting mechanism. The cutting head of the laser cutting mechanism is located on the extension line of the center line of the driven gear 20. The driven gear 20 has another... A connector 60 is provided between one end of the arc-shaped rack 30 and the arc-shaped rack 30; the center of the arc-shaped rack 30 is the same as the center of the arc segment; an arc-shaped insert 31 is coaxially provided on one side of the arc-shaped rack 30, and the arc-shaped insert 31 is movably inserted into the mounting frame 40; a reciprocating moving plate 61 is provided on one side of the mounting frame 40, and a drive motor 62 connected to the drive gear 10 is provided on one side of the moving plate 61. The moving plate 61 drives the drive gear 10 to reciprocate between the driven gear 20 and the arc-shaped rack 30, and: When the drive gear 10 meshes with the driven gear 20, the connector 60 disconnects the driven gear 20 from the arc rack 30. When the drive gear 10 rotates, it drives the driven gear 20 to rotate synchronously. The rotating plate 50 then drives the laser cutting mechanism to rotate around the laser cutting head 80. When the drive gear 10 meshes with the arc rack 30, the connector 60 connects the driven gear 20 and the arc rack 30. When the drive gear 10 rotates, it drives the arc rack 30 and the driven gear 20 to deflect. The rotating plate 50 then drives the laser cutting mechanism to rotate around the center of the arc rack 30.

[0023] The connector 60 is disposed inside the mounting bracket 40. The connector 60 includes a steering gear 63, a plug-in block 64, a moving block 65, and a pushing block 66. The surfaces of the moving block 65 and the pushing block 66 are provided with toothed grooves. The two sides of the steering gear 63 mesh with the moving block 65 and the pushing block 66 respectively through the toothed groove positions. A return spring 67 is fixedly connected between one end of the pushing block 66 and the mounting bracket 40. The other end of the pushing block 66 extends to the outside of the mounting bracket 40, and the end of the pushing block 66 is in contact with the surface of the drive gear 10. The moving block 65 and the plug-in block 64 are fixedly connected by a magnetic block. One end of the plug-in block 64 is movably inserted into the arc-shaped rack 30. When the drive gear 10 moves from the driven gear 20 side to the arc rack 30 side, the push block 66 is pressed and moves, compressing the return spring 67. Under the transmission action of the steering gear 63, the moving block 65 drives the insertion block 64 to move in the opposite direction. The insertion block 64 is inserted into the driven gear 20 and the arc rack 30 at the same time, rigidly connecting the driven gear 20 and the arc rack 30 into one unit. The arc rack 30 drives the driven gear 20 to deflect synchronously, and at this time the magnetic attraction between the insertion block 64 and the moving block 65 is in a separated state.

[0024] The plug-in block 64 has a polygonal structure, and the plug-in holes on the arc-shaped rack 30 and the driven gear 20 are matched with the structure of the plug-in block 64.

[0025] The end of the push block 66 is rotatably inserted with a rotating ball 68, which replaces the push block 66 and fits against the surface of the drive gear 10 to achieve rolling contact.

[0026] The arc-shaped plug 31 has a T-shaped cross-section, and the plug slot structure on the mounting bracket 40 that mates with the arc-shaped plug 31 matches the arc-shaped plug 31.

[0027] The adjustment assembly also includes a limiting rod 70, one end of which is sleeved on the surface of the driven gear 20 shaft, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped rack 30. The limiting rod 70 is used to limit the driven gear 20 and prevent the driven gear 20 from leaving the working position.

[0028] When cutting a wavy hyperboloid plate, the adjustment component will automatically switch between two different rotation cutting modes depending on whether the current arc segment is concave or convex. The entire switching and transmission process is completed through mechanical linkage, without the need for additional electrical control switching. The drive motor 62 is mounted on a reciprocating movable plate 61, and drives the drive gear 10 to switch the meshing position between the driven gear 20 and the arc rack 30. When cutting the concave arc segment, the moving plate 61 drives the drive gear 10 to move to the position where it meshes with the driven gear 20. At this time, the drive gear 10 does not apply pressure to the push block 66, the return spring 67 is in a naturally extended state, and the push block 66 extends outward. Under the transmission action of the steering gear 63 and the moving block 65, the insertion block 64 remains inserted into the corresponding insertion hole of the arc rack 30. At this time, the connection between the driven gear 20 and the arc rack 30 is disconnected (because the insertion block 64 is inserted into the arc rack 30 but not into the driven gear 20). Subsequently, the drive motor 62 drives the drive gear 10 to rotate, and the drive gear 10 directly drives the driven gear 20 to rotate. The rotating plate 50 at one end of the driven gear 20 rotates synchronously. The laser cutting mechanism is driven to rotate around the laser cutting head 80 itself (which is also the extension of the center line of the driven gear 20) as the center. Figure 5 As shown at point A, the laser emission direction always follows the trajectory of the concave arc surface to complete the cutting. When switching to the upper convex arc segment cutting, the moving plate 61 drives the drive gear 10 to move towards the arc-shaped rack 30. At this time, the side of the drive gear 10 pushes the rotating ball 68 at the end of the push block 66, causing the push block 66 to retract into the mounting bracket 40 and compress the return spring 67. The push block 66 drives the steering gear 63 to rotate through the tooth groove. The steering gear 63 then drives the moving block 65 to move, causing the insertion block 64 to be pulled out from the arc-shaped rack 30 and re-inserted into the corresponding insertion hole of the driven gear 20, thus rigidly connecting the driven gear 20 and the arc-shaped rack 30 into one piece. At this time, the drive gear 10 and the arc-shaped rack 30 mesh with each other, and the drive motor 62 drives the drive gear 10 to rotate. The drive gear 10 drives the arc-shaped rack 30 to deflect around its own center (which is also the center of the arc segment), such as Figure 7 As shown at point B, the arc-shaped rack 30 drives the driven gear 20 to deflect synchronously with the rotating plate 50 through the connector 60. The arc-shaped insert 31 guides and limits the rotation along the T-shaped groove in the mounting frame 40 to ensure a stable and accurate rotation trajectory. The insert block 64 is magnetically fixed and disconnected from the moving block 65, so that the arc-shaped rack 30 is disconnected from the mounting frame 40 and rotates normally. In this state, the laser cutting mechanism no longer rotates around itself, but moves in an arc around the center of the upper convex arc segment, so that the laser cutting head 80 deflects and cuts continuously along the surface of the upper convex arc.

[0029] By synchronously triggering the action of the connecting piece 60 through the positional movement of the drive gear 10, the connection and disconnection between the driven gear 20 and the arc-shaped rack 30 are realized. When cutting the concave arc segment, the driven gear 20 and the arc-shaped rack 30 disengage, and the drive gear 10 directly drives the driven gear 20 to rotate, so that the laser cutting mechanism rotates around the laser cutting head 80 itself. When cutting the convex arc segment, the driven gear 20 and the arc-shaped rack 30 are locked together, and the drive gear 10 drives the arc-shaped rack 30 to deflect, so that the laser cutting mechanism revolves around the center of the arc segment. The two working modes are seamlessly connected, which can perfectly adapt to the cutting requirements of different curved surfaces of wavy hyperbolic plates, so that the laser always maintains the best incident angle, effectively improving the cutting accuracy and cross-sectional quality, and reducing burrs, slag and thermal deformation.

[0030] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. A laser cutting process for curved surface bonding of wavy metal hyperboloid plates, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Hyperbolic plate parameter acquisition; After the hyperbolic plate is fixed to the worktable, the control system drives the gantry double drive mechanism to move the scanning sensor along the width direction of the hyperbolic plate to perform a full-area scan of the plate surface, collect key process parameters such as surface shape, curvature distribution, plate width, plate thickness and height difference of each area, and transmit the parameters to the control system in real time for storage. S2, segmentation of arc-shaped segments; Based on the parameters collected by S1, the control system divides the overall wavy surface of the hyperboloid into segments, making each segment a single convex or concave arc segment, and keeping the diameter of each arc segment similar, and automatically generating segment cutting path planning files simultaneously. S3. Determine the coordinates of the center of each segment; For each convex or concave arc segment divided by S2, the center coordinates of each arc segment are calculated and determined by a geometric algorithm, and the center coordinates, arc segment type and corresponding cutting path are bound and stored. S4. Adjust the initial position of the laser cutting head (80); The control system adjusts the position of the cutting head according to the position information of the first arc segment to be cut. If the first arc segment to be cut is a concave arc segment, then proceed to step S5; if the first arc segment to be cut is a convex arc segment, then proceed to step S6. S5, Execute the concave arc segment cutting; The laser cutting head (80) of the laser cutting mechanism is driven by the gantry double drive structure and positioned to the center coordinate position of the concave arc segment. The laser cutting mechanism is rotated with the laser cutting head (80) as the rotation center. The gantry double drive mechanism is linked to make real-time fine adjustments so that the laser emission direction is in line with the trajectory of the concave arc surface, and the laser cutting of the segment is completed. S6, Execution of upward convex arc segment cutting; The laser cutting mechanism is driven by the gantry double drive mechanism to accurately position the center coordinate position corresponding to the upper convex arc segment. The laser cutting mechanism is rotated around the center, and the gantry double drive mechanism is linked to make real-time fine adjustment so that the laser cutting head (80) deflects and feeds along the surface trajectory of the upper convex arc segment to complete the laser cutting of the segment. S7, Width-based loop cutting and path switching; After the current arc segment is cut, the gantry dual-drive structure drives the laser cutting head (80) to move along the width direction of the hyperbolic plate to the starting position of the next arc segment to be cut, and repeats the operation of S5 or S6 until all arc segments in the current width direction are cut.

2. The arc-surface bonding laser cutting process for a wavy metal hyperboloid plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: S8, Length direction path switching; Control the gantry dual-drive structure to move along the length of the hyperbolic plate to the next length area to be cut, adjust the initial position according to the requirements of S4, and then repeat the operation of S5-S7 until the arc segment of all length areas is cut.

3. The arc-surface bonding laser cutting process for a wavy metal hyperboloid plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: S9. Equipment reset and workpiece removal; After all cutting operations are completed, the laser cutting head (80) and the gantry dual-drive structure are reset to their initial positions, the laser and control system are turned off, and the cut workpieces are taken out one by one.

4. A curved surface bonding laser cutting device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, include: The gantry dual-drive mechanism, laser cutting mechanism, and adjustment assembly; the adjustment assembly includes a drive gear (10), a driven gear (20), an arc rack (30), and a mounting bracket (40) fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (40) and the mounting point of the gantry dual-drive structure. One end of the driven gear (20) is provided with a rotating plate (50) for mounting the laser cutting mechanism. The cutting head of the laser cutting mechanism is located on the extension line of the center line of the driven gear (20). A connecting piece (6) is provided between the other end of the driven gear (20) and the arc rack (30). 0); The center of the arc rack (30) is the same as the center of the arc segment. An arc-shaped insert (31) is coaxially arranged on one side of the arc rack (30). The arc-shaped insert (31) is movably inserted into the mounting frame (40). A reciprocating moving plate (61) is arranged on one side of the mounting frame (40). A drive motor (62) connected to the drive gear (10) is arranged on one side of the moving plate (61). The moving plate (61) drives the drive gear (10) to reciprocate between the driven gear (20) and the arc rack (30) to change the meshing position. When the drive gear (10) meshes with the driven gear (20), the connector (60) disconnects the connection between the driven gear (20) and the arc rack (30). When the drive gear (10) rotates, it drives the driven gear (20) to rotate synchronously. The rotating plate (50) then drives the laser cutting mechanism to rotate around the laser cutting head (80). When the drive gear (10) meshes with the arc rack (30), the connector (60) connects the driven gear (20) and the arc rack (30). When the drive gear (10) rotates, it drives the arc rack (30) and the driven gear (20) to deflect. The rotating plate (50) then drives the laser cutting mechanism to rotate around the center of the arc rack (30).

5. The arc-surface bonding laser cutting device for a wavy metal hyperboloid plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connector (60) is disposed inside the mounting bracket (40). The connector (60) includes a steering gear (63), a plug-in block (64), a moving block (65), and a pushing block (66). The surfaces of the moving block (65) and the pushing block (66) are provided with tooth grooves. The two sides of the steering gear (63) mesh with the moving block (65) and the pushing block (66) respectively through the tooth groove positions. One end of the pushing block (66) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (40) with a return spring (67). The other end of the pushing block (66) extends to the outside of the mounting bracket (40), and the end of the pushing block (66) is in contact with the surface of the drive gear (10). The moving block (65) and the plug-in block (64) are fixedly connected by a magnetic block. One end of the plug-in block (64) is movably inserted into the arc-shaped rack (30). When the drive gear (10) moves from the driven gear (20) side to the arc rack (30) side, the push block (66) is pressed and moves, compressing the return spring (67). Under the transmission action of the steering gear (63), the moving block (65) drives the plug-in block (64) to move in the opposite direction. The plug-in block (64) is inserted into the driven gear (20) and the arc rack (30) at the same time, and the driven gear (20) and the arc rack (30) are rigidly connected as one. The arc rack (30) drives the driven gear (20) to deflect synchronously. At this time, the magnetic attraction between the plug-in block (64) and the moving block (65) is in a separated state.

6. The arc-surface bonding laser cutting device for wavy metal hyperboloid plates according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plug-in block (64) has a polygonal structure, and the plug-in holes on the arc rack (30) and the driven gear (20) are matched with the structure of the plug-in block (64).

7. The arc-surface bonding laser cutting device for wavy metal hyperboloid plates according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the push block (66) is rotatably inserted with a rotating ball (68), which replaces the push block (66) and fits against the surface of the drive gear (10) to achieve rolling contact.

8. The arc-surface bonding laser cutting device for wavy metal hyperboloid plates according to claim 4, characterized in that, The arc-shaped plug (31) has a T-shaped cross section, and the plug slot structure on the mounting bracket (40) that mates with the arc-shaped plug (31) matches the arc-shaped plug (31).

9. The arc-surface bonding laser cutting device for a wavy metal hyperboloid plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly also includes a limiting rod (70), one end of which is sleeved on the surface of the driven gear (20) shaft, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the arc rack (30). The limiting rod (70) is used to limit the driven gear (20) and prevent the driven gear (20) from leaving the working position.

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