Layered bidirectional winding method and system suitable for three-dimensional coils of a star simulator

Abstract

The application discloses a layered bidirectional winding method and system suitable for a three-dimensional coil of a star simulator, and the winding method comprises the following steps: fixing and mounting a winding side mold layer on one of the outer circumferential side and the inner circumferential side of the winding area of a winding bottom mold in advance, the winding side mold layer is configured to be located at the same layer as a first layer coil of the three-dimensional coil of the star simulator, and no winding side mold layer is arranged on the other of the outer circumferential side and the inner circumferential side of the winding area. Taking the side of the winding side mold layer facing the winding area as a winding reference, a conductor to be wound is wound around the winding bottom mold from the winding reference side turn by turn until the winding of the first layer coil is completed, and a winding side mold layer is also fixed and mounted on the other of the outer circumferential side and the inner circumferential side of the winding area. The method provided by the application does not cause interference of other components to the conductor during winding, avoids friction or damage of turn-to-turn insulation of the conductor, and thus improves the winding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of superconducting coil winding technology, and in particular to a layered bidirectional winding method and system suitable for stellarator three-dimensional coils. Background Technology

[0002] When using conductors to wind three-dimensional superconducting coils for stellarators, it is generally necessary to wrap inter-turn insulation around the outside of the conductors to be wound. Inter-turn insulation refers to wrapping glass fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth and polyimide composite tape, etc., on the surface of the conductor for mutual insulation between conductors.

[0003] In the existing stellarator three-dimensional coil winding process, an integral winding mold is generally used. Before winding the coil, an outer mold and an inner mold need to be installed on the winding mold. The outer mold, the inner mold, and the bottom surface of the winding mold form a winding area. Then, the coil is wound turn by turn in the winding area. Because the outer mold and the inner mold have a certain thickness, the edges of the mold (such as protruding outer mold and inner mold) can easily interfere with the conductor surface during the winding process, which can lead to scratches, wear, or even damage to the insulation layer on the conductor surface. As the core protective structure of superconducting conductors, the insulation layer can cause significant electric field distortion in the defective area during the excitation current loading stage when the insulation between adjacent turns of the superconducting coil is damaged, partially defective, or cracked. The local field strength exceeds the breakdown field strength of low-temperature insulating media such as epoxy impregnation system, which can induce inter-turn arc breakdown and form instantaneous electrical short circuit. In severe cases, it can lead to the scrapping of the entire coil. At the same time, the interference between the mold and the conductor can hinder the smooth demolding of the conductor. The staff needs to repeatedly adjust and correct the conductor posture, which greatly reduces the winding efficiency and makes it difficult to meet the large-scale and high-precision production requirements of stellarator three-dimensional coils.

[0004] Therefore, in the prior art, when winding the three-dimensional superconducting coil of a stellarator, the outer and inner molds of the winding mold have the problem of easily damaging the inter-turn insulation of the conductor and easily interfering with the winding of the coil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to solve the problem in the prior art that the outer and inner molds of the winding molds in the winding of the three-dimensional superconducting coil of the stellarator can easily damage the inter-turn insulation of the conductor and easily interfere with the winding of the coil.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the embodiments of this application disclose a layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils. The winding method includes: pre-fixing a winding side mold layer on one of the outer and inner circumferential sides of the winding area of ​​the winding base mold. The winding side mold layer is configured such that it is located on the same layer as the first layer of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, and no winding side mold layer is provided on the other of the outer and inner circumferential sides of the winding area.

[0007] Fix the lead end of the conductor to be wound.

[0008] Using the side of the winding mold layer facing the winding area as the initial winding reference, the conductor to be wound is wound around the winding bottom mold turn by turn from the side of the winding reference until the winding of the first layer of coil is completed.

[0009] A winding side mold layer is also fixedly installed on the other side of the outer and inner circumference of the winding area, abutting against the conductor on the corresponding side of the first layer of coil after winding, so as to restrict the radial movement of the first layer of coil after winding relative to the winding bottom mold by the winding side mold layers located on the outer and inner circumference of the winding area.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the winding method disclosed in this invention only fixes a winding side mold layer on one of the outer and inner circumferential sides of the winding base mold when starting to wind the coil, and does not set a winding side mold layer on the other side. In this way, the mold is set only on the corresponding starting winding side, which facilitates the entry of the conductor and the winding. In addition, during the winding process, there are no other limiting and constraining components on the downstream side of the winding path that will interfere with the conductor. That is to say, during the winding process turn by turn, there is no need to consider the interference of structures or components on the downstream side of the winding on the inter-turn insulation of the conductor, avoiding the inter-turn insulation of the conductor being rubbed or damaged, thereby improving the winding quality.

[0011] Furthermore, after the first or corresponding layer of conductor is wound, a winding side mold layer is fixed on the other side of the winding area to fix and limit the first layer of coil that has been wound, preventing the coil from shifting or moving, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the wound coil.

[0012] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils. In the step of fixing a winding side mold layer on the other side of the outer and inner circumference of the winding area, the winding side mold layer is configured such that it is located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the first layer coil and the second layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, and no other winding side mold layer is provided above the winding side mold layer that serves as the winding reference for the first layer coil.

[0013] Winding methods also include:

[0014] After completing the single-layer winding of the first layer coil, the conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the first layer coil, with the winding side of the first layer coil at the end of the winding mold layer facing the winding area as the winding reference, until the winding of the second layer coil is completed.

[0015] A winding side mold layer is also stacked above the winding side mold layer that serves as the winding reference for the first layer coil, and it abuts against the conductor on the corresponding side of the second layer coil. The winding side mold layers located on the outer and inner circumferences of the winding area restrict the radial movement of the wound second layer coil relative to the winding bottom mold, so as to complete the winding of the double-pane coil.

[0016] Furthermore, the winding side mold layer located at the end of the second layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the second layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, or on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the second layer coil and the third layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0017] Using the above technical solution, the winding method disclosed in this invention winds the second layer in the opposite direction after winding the first layer. When winding the second layer, the winding side mold layer at the end of the first layer is used as the winding reference, and the coil is wound turn by turn in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the first layer coil. Furthermore, no limiting or constraining components are set on the downstream side of the second layer coil when winding it. Therefore, when winding the second layer coil, there is no need to consider whether any structure or component on the downstream side of the winding will interfere with the inter-turn insulation of the conductor, thus avoiding friction or damage to the inter-turn insulation of the conductor.

[0018] Furthermore, in this scheme, after the first layer of coil is wound, the winding side mold layer fixed at the end of the first layer of coil is configured such that the overall structure consisting of the first layer of coil and the second layer of coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is located on the same layer. For example, its thickness can be twice that of the conductor or slightly thinner than twice that of the conductor. With this design, the winding side mold layer at the end of the first layer of coil can serve as both the end limit of the first layer of coil and the starting winding reference of the second layer of coil, limiting and fixing the starting position of the second layer of coil, preventing conductor movement during the winding of the second layer of coil, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the wound coil.

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators. When the number of coil layers wound on the winding base mold is n, where n is an even number greater than or equal to 2, the number of winding side mold layers located on the side of the initial winding reference in the outer and inner circumferences of the winding region is (n / 2)+1, and the number of winding side mold layers on the other side of the outer and inner circumferences of the winding region away from the initial winding reference is n / 2.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils, wherein the thickness of the first winding side mold layer and the last winding side mold layer is less than or equal to the thickness of the conductor to be wound. During the winding process of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, the thickness of any winding side mold layer located between the first winding side mold layer and the last winding side mold layer is greater than the thickness of the conductor to be wound, and less than or equal to twice the thickness of the conductor to be wound.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention designs a first and last winding side mold layer whose thickness is less than or equal to the thickness of the conductor to be wound, and the thickness of any intermediate layer is twice that of the conductor. In this way, during the cyclic winding process from the outside to the inside and from the inside to the outside, no limiting or constraining components are set on the downstream side of the winding path when winding each layer of coil, so as not to interfere with the conductor, avoid damage to the inter-turn insulation, and at the same time, the wound coil can be stably limited and fixed.

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils. After the conductor to be wound is wound with two layers of coils and the double-pane coil is completed, the aforementioned double-pane coil winding steps are repeated to complete the winding of other double-pane coils in sequence, and finally the winding of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is completed.

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding method for a stellarator three-dimensional coil. During the winding of the first layer of the coil, a winding side mold layer that provides an initial winding reference for the conductor to be wound is located on the outer periphery of the winding area. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn from the outer periphery of the winding area toward the inner periphery. After the winding of the first layer of the coil is completed, a winding side mold layer is fixedly installed on the inner periphery of the winding area.

[0024] During the winding process of the second layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the first layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the first layer coil, from the inner periphery of the winding area towards the outer periphery. After the winding of the second layer coil is completed, another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the first layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the second layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the second layer coil and the third layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding method suitable for stellarator three-dimensional coils, the winding method further comprising:

[0026] After completing the single-layer winding of the second layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the second layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the second layer coil, from the outer periphery of the winding area towards the inner periphery, until the winding of the third layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the second layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the third layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the third and fourth layer coils of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0027] After completing the single-layer winding of the third layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the third layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the third layer coil, from the inner periphery of the winding area to the outer periphery, until the winding of the fourth layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the third layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the fourth layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the fourth and fifth layer coils of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0028] After completing the single-layer winding of the fourth layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the fourth layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the fourth layer coil, from the outer periphery of the winding area towards the inner periphery, until the fifth layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the fourth layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the fifth layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the fifth and sixth layer coils of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0029] After completing the single-layer winding of the fifth layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the fifth layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the fifth layer coil, from the inner periphery of the winding area towards the outer periphery, until the winding of the sixth layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the fifth layer coil, and the winding of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is finally completed. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the sixth layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the sixth layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0030] The present invention also discloses a layered bidirectional winding system for stellarator three-dimensional coils. This winding system is used in any of the aforementioned layered bidirectional winding methods for stellarator three-dimensional coils. The system includes a pay-off device and a winding device. The pay-off device is used to release the conductor to be wound. The winding device includes a rotatable winding die, and a winding table can drive the winding die to rotate and wind the conductor to be wound onto the winding die.

[0031] Using the above technical solution, the wire release device can continuously and stably release the conductor to be wound, and the winding table can drive the winding bottom mold to rotate and wind the conductor to be wound turn by turn on the winding bottom mold to complete the winding of the coil.

[0032] The present invention also discloses a layered bidirectional winding system suitable for stellarator three-dimensional coils. The winding device further includes an inner winding mold and an outer winding mold, which are located on the inner and outer circumferences of the winding area of ​​the bottom winding mold, respectively. The bottom winding mold, the inner winding mold, and the outer winding mold together form a winding groove. The inner ring of the stellarator three-dimensional coil located in the winding groove is in contact with the outer surface of the inner winding mold, and the outer ring of the stellarator three-dimensional coil located in the winding groove is in contact with the inner surface of the outer winding mold.

[0033] The inner winding mold includes multiple inner winding mold layers stacked sequentially on the bottom winding mold, and the outer winding mold includes multiple outer winding mold layers stacked sequentially on the bottom winding mold. The winding mold layer located on the periphery of the winding area is the inner winding mold layer, and the winding mold layer located on the outer periphery of the winding area is the outer winding mold layer.

[0034] Specifically, the outer winding mold layer located on the lead-out side of the first layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is configured to be on the same layer as the first layer coil; the outer winding mold layer located on the lead-out side of the last layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is configured to be on the same layer as the last layer coil; the other outer winding mold layers and inner winding mold layers are all configured to be on the same layer as the overall structure consisting of a layer coil located at the end of the corresponding layer and a layer coil serving as the winding reference.

[0035] Using the above technical solution, both the inner and outer molds adopt a multi-layer stacked structure, which can correspond to the winding rhythm of the coil layer by layer. The layered molds are arranged synchronously with the number of coil layers, which is suitable for the layered winding process. The outer molds of the first and last layers are matched and set in the same layer, so that the coils of each layer are kept uniform and consistent. During the winding process, the conductors and coils are not easy to move or misalign.

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding system suitable for stellarator three-dimensional coils, wherein the minimum thickness dimension of the inner winding layer and the outer winding layer is less than or equal to the thickness dimension of the conductor to be wound, and the maximum thickness dimension of the inner winding layer and the outer winding layer is greater than the thickness dimension of the conductor to be wound, and less than or equal to twice the thickness dimension of the conductor to be wound.

[0037] Using the above technical solution, the minimum thickness of the inner and outer winding mold layers is no greater than the conductor thickness, allowing for the bonding of a single conductor and single-layer limiting. The maximum thickness of the inner and outer winding mold layers is equal to or close to twice the conductor thickness. This not only limits the end of the upper layer coil, but also allows the excess portion to serve as the starting reference point for the next layer coil. In other words, by designing the thickness of the inner and outer winding mold layers, the thickness of one inner and outer winding mold layer can simultaneously limit two layers of coils. At the same time, it ensures that no limiting constraint components are set on the downstream side during the winding process of each layer of coil, avoiding interference with the conductor that could lead to friction or damage to the inter-turn insulation of the conductor.

[0038] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0039] By employing layered bidirectional winding, and with corresponding inner and outer winding mold layers installed in stages, interference-free conductor arrangement is achieved during bidirectional winding. No limiting or constraining components are placed downstream of the winding direction of each coil layer, completely avoiding mechanical interference between the mold and the conductor. This protects the integrity of the insulation layer on the superconducting conductor surface, significantly reducing the risk of coil insulation failure and improving the coil's electrical performance and operational stability. Secondly, the bidirectional winding and layered mold setup optimizes the winding process, ensuring smooth conductor placement from the mold, improving winding efficiency, shortening the winding cycle of a single coil, and meeting the large-scale manufacturing requirements of stellarator 3D coils. Furthermore, the precise positioning of the layered molds and the coordinated control of bidirectional winding ensure coil winding accuracy, guaranteeing that parameters such as coil spatial dimensions, bending radius, and structural compactness strictly meet design requirements. This reduces coil scrap due to insulation layer damage, lowers raw material waste, reduces production costs, and improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 A flowchart of a layered bidirectional winding method for a stellarator three-dimensional coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 Another flowchart of a layered bidirectional winding method for a stellarator three-dimensional coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for starting the first turn in a layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the first turn of the coil is wound and the outer winding mold is fixed in the layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure for winding the second turn of the coil in the layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure for winding the third turn of the coil in the layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure for winding the fourth turn of the coil in the layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for winding the fifth turn of the coil in a layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the sixth turn of the coil in the layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the winding device in a layered bidirectional winding system for a stellarator three-dimensional coil provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the winding side mold layer in the layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0052] 100. Winding device;

[0053] 110. Winding the bottom mold; 140. Winding the wire groove;

[0054] 120. Wind the outer mold;

[0055] 121. First layer of outer mold winding; 122. Second and third layers of outer mold winding; 123. Fourth and fifth layers of outer mold winding; 124. Sixth layer of outer mold winding;

[0056] 130. Wind the inner mold;

[0057] 131. First and second layers of inner mold winding; 132. Third and fourth layers of inner mold winding; 133. Fifth and sixth layers of inner mold winding;

[0058] 200. Conductor. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] The present invention discloses a layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils. First, it needs to be explained that a stellarator three-dimensional coil is a type of three-dimensional coil used in a stellarator. This three-dimensional coil has a certain three-dimensional trajectory and is circular. Layered bidirectional winding means that the stellarator three-dimensional coil has multiple layers of coils, which are wound sequentially in layers, and the winding direction during layered winding is bidirectional. For example, it can be wound from the outer circle to the inner circle first, and then from the inner circle to the outer circle; or it can be wound from the inner circle to the outer circle first, and then from the outer circle to the inner circle. This embodiment does not specifically limit this.

[0061] Specifically, the winding method includes: pre-fixing a winding side mold layer on one of the outer and inner circumferential sides of the winding area of ​​the winding base mold, the winding side mold layer being configured to be located on the same layer as the first layer of coils of the stellarator three-dimensional coil; and not setting a winding side mold layer on the other of the outer and inner circumferential sides of the winding area. Furthermore, the winding base mold only has a top surface for winding, and no winding side mold layer is set on the winding base mold in the initial state or before winding.

[0062] Fix the lead end of the conductor to be wound.

[0063] Using the side of the winding mold layer facing the winding area as the initial winding reference, the conductor to be wound is wound around the winding bottom mold turn by turn from the side of the winding reference until the winding of the first layer of coil is completed.

[0064] A winding side mold layer is also fixedly installed on the other side of the outer and inner circumference of the winding area, abutting against the conductor on the corresponding side of the first layer of coil after winding, so as to restrict the radial movement of the first layer of coil after winding relative to the winding bottom mold by the winding side mold layers located on the outer and inner circumference of the winding area.

[0065] First, it should be noted that the installation position of the first winding side mold layer is determined according to the initial winding direction. For example, when winding the coil, start from the outer periphery of the winding base mold and then wind sequentially towards the inner periphery, that is, from the outside to the inside. In this case, the winding side mold layer can be fixed on the outer periphery of the winding area. At this time, no winding side mold layer or limiting constraint component is set on the inner periphery, so the conductor will not rub or interfere with other components, avoiding damage to the inter-turn insulation of the conductor. Furthermore, during the winding process turn by turn, the conductor will not be obstructed when moving, turning, or conforming to the three-dimensional curved surface of the base mold, reducing conductor jamming, forced twisting, and other situations.

[0066] Secondly, it should be noted that the winding side mold layer is configured to be located on the same layer as the first layer of the stellarator three-dimensional coil. This can be understood as the thickness of the winding side mold layer being the same as, slightly thicker than, or slightly thinner than the thickness of the first layer of coil. In this way, the winding side mold layer can both limit the initial reference of the first layer of coil and prevent it from protruding too much from the first layer of coil when winding the second layer, thus avoiding interference to the conductor when winding the second layer of coil.

[0067] In other words, in this scheme, whether at the beginning of winding the first layer or any other layer, or after winding the first layer or any other layer, when installing the corresponding winding side mold layer, it is necessary to select a suitable winding side mold layer to prevent the winding side mold layer from being too thick, causing interference when winding the next side layer coil, resulting in friction or wear between the conductor and the winding side mold layer.

[0068] Furthermore, when fixing the lead-out end of the conductor to be wound in this application, see [reference needed]. Figure 3 The lead end of the conductor to be wound is left outside and fixed relative to the bottom mold. The specific location of the lead end of the conductor to be wound is not limited. For example, it can be fixed on the side close to the winding mold layer to facilitate electrical connection with the power supply after the coil is wound.

[0069] In some other special configurations, the winding can start from the inner circumference of the bottom mold and then proceed towards the outer circumference, that is, from the inside to the outside. In this case, the winding side mold layer can be fixed on the inner circumference of the winding area. This embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.

[0070] Secondly, it should be noted that the winding bottom mold in this embodiment has only one bottom surface before the initial winding. The bottom surface of the winding bottom mold is adapted to the surface and curvature of the stellarator three-dimensional coil. Then, during the winding process, a winding side mold layer is provided on one of the inner and outer peripheral sides of the winding area.

[0071] It should be further noted that after winding all turns of the first layer of coil sequentially from the outer circumference to the inner circumference, a winding side mold layer needs to be fixedly installed on the inner circumference as well. If there is only one layer of coil to be wound, the winding side mold layer on the inner circumference can be set to have a thickness the same as or slightly thicker than the conductor thickness. If, after completing the first turn, a second layer of coil needs to be wound from the inner circumference to the outer circumference, the winding side mold layer on the inner circumference can be set to have a thickness twice that of the conductor. When the second layer of coil needs to be wound, the portion of the winding side mold layer on the inner circumference above the first layer of coil, extending beyond the first layer of coil, can serve as the initial winding reference for the second layer of coil and limit the inner circumference of the second layer of coil. Since the thickness of the first winding side mold layer on the outer circumference of the first layer of coil matches the conductor thickness, there are no other interfering components in the winding direction from the inner circumference to the outer circumference, thus avoiding damage to the inter-turn insulation of the conductor.

[0072] Further, see Figure 1 In one feasible implementation scheme, the winding method disclosed in this invention specifically includes:

[0073] S1: A winding side mold layer is pre-installed on one of the outer or inner circumference of the winding area of ​​the winding bottom mold.

[0074] S2: Fix the lead end of the conductor to be wound.

[0075] S3: Using the side of the winding mold layer facing the winding area as the initial winding reference, wind the bottom mold turn by turn until the first layer of coil is completed.

[0076] S4: A winding side mold layer is also fixedly installed on the other side of the outer and inner periphery of the winding area.

[0077] By adopting the above technical solution, the winding method disclosed in this invention only fixes a winding side mold layer on one of the outer and inner circumferential sides of the winding base mold when starting to wind the coil, and does not set a winding side mold layer on the other side. In this way, the mold is set only on the corresponding starting winding side, which facilitates the entry of the conductor and the winding. In addition, during the winding process, there are no other limiting and constraining components on the downstream side of the winding path that will interfere with the conductor. That is to say, during the winding process turn by turn, there is no need to consider the interference of structures or components on the downstream side of the winding on the inter-turn insulation of the conductor, avoiding the inter-turn insulation of the conductor being rubbed or damaged, thereby improving the winding quality.

[0078] Furthermore, after the first or corresponding layer of conductor is wound, a winding side mold layer is fixed on the other side of the winding area to fix and limit the first layer of coil that has been wound, preventing the coil from shifting or moving, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the wound coil.

[0079] The present invention also discloses a layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils. In the step of fixing a winding side mold layer on the other side of the outer and inner circumference of the winding area, the winding side mold layer is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the first layer coil and the second layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil. Furthermore, no other winding side mold layer is set above the winding side mold layer that serves as the winding reference for the first layer coil. That is, when the second layer coil is to be wound after the first layer coil is wound, the winding side mold layer set at the end of the first layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the first layer coil and the second layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil. It can also be understood that the thickness of the winding side mold layer installed at this time is equal to the sum of the thickness of the first layer coil and the thickness of the second layer coil to be wound.

[0080] More specifically, when the winding side mold layer is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure consisting of the first layer coil and the second layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, the thickness of the winding side mold layer can be equal to the thickness of the first layer coil and the second layer coil, or the thickness of the winding side mold layer can be slightly smaller than the thickness of the first layer coil and the second layer coil. In this way, when the first layer coil is wound and then the second layer coil is wound, the part of the winding side mold layer that is higher than the first layer coil can be used as the initial winding reference for the second layer coil, and the second layer coil can be limited and stopped.

[0081] Furthermore, the winding method disclosed in this invention also includes:

[0082] After completing the single-layer winding of the first layer coil, the conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the first layer coil, with the winding side of the first layer coil at the end of the winding mold layer facing the winding area as the winding reference, until the winding of the second layer coil is completed.

[0083] A winding side mold layer is also stacked above the winding side mold layer that serves as the winding reference for the first layer coil, and it abuts against the conductor on the corresponding side of the second layer coil. The winding side mold layers located on the outer and inner circumferences of the winding area restrict the radial movement of the wound second layer coil relative to the winding bottom mold, so as to complete the winding of the double-pane coil.

[0084] Furthermore, the winding side mold layer located at the end of the second layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the second layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, or on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the second layer coil and the third layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0085] It should be noted that, using the above method, after winding two layers of coils in opposite directions to obtain a double-coil, if it is not necessary to wind another coil on top of the double-coil, the winding side layer at the end of the second layer of coil can be located on the same layer as the second layer of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, that is, the thickness of the winding side layer at the end is the same as that of the conductor. If, after winding a double-coil, it is necessary to wind another coil on top of the double-coil, the winding side layer at the end of the second layer of coil can be set to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the second and third layers of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, that is, the winding side layer at the end is equal to twice the thickness of the conductor or equal to the thickness of two layers of coils. With this design, the part of the winding side layer at the end that extends beyond the second layer of coil can be used as the starting point for winding the third layer of coil, and the third layer of coil is limited on the outer periphery.

[0086] Using the above technical solution, the winding method disclosed in this invention winds the second layer in the opposite direction after winding the first layer. When winding the second layer, the winding side mold layer at the end of the first layer is used as the winding reference, and the coil is wound turn by turn in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the first layer coil. Furthermore, no limiting or constraining components are set on the downstream side of the second layer coil when winding it. Therefore, when winding the second layer coil, there is no need to consider whether any structure or component on the downstream side of the winding will interfere with the inter-turn insulation of the conductor, thus avoiding friction or damage to the inter-turn insulation of the conductor.

[0087] Furthermore, in this scheme, after the first layer of coil is wound, the winding side mold layer fixed at the end of the first layer of coil is configured such that the overall structure consisting of the first layer of coil and the second layer of coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is located on the same layer. For example, its thickness can be twice that of the conductor or slightly thinner than twice that of the conductor. With this design, the winding side mold layer at the end of the first layer of coil can serve as both the end limit of the first layer of coil and the starting winding reference of the second layer of coil, limiting and fixing the starting position of the second layer of coil, preventing conductor movement during the winding of the second layer of coil, and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the wound coil.

[0088] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators. When the number of coil layers wound on the winding base mold is n, where n is an even number greater than or equal to 2, the number of winding side mold layers located on the side of the initial winding reference in the outer and inner circumferences of the winding region is (n / 2)+1, and the number of winding side mold layers on the other side of the outer and inner circumferences of the winding region away from the initial winding reference is n / 2.

[0089] Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of coil layers wound on the winding base mold is not limited. For example, the number of coil layers that can be wound can be 2, 4, 6, 8, or other even numbers. This embodiment does not specifically limit this. For example, when winding a 2-layer coil, there are 2 winding side mold layers on one side of the initial winding reference during layer winding, and 1 layer on the other side. Another example is when winding a 6-layer coil, see... Figure 10 and Figure 11 There are 4 winding side mold layers on one side of the initial winding reference and 3 on the other side.

[0090] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils, wherein the thickness of the first winding side mold layer and the last winding side mold layer is less than or equal to the thickness of the conductor to be wound. During the winding process of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, the thickness of any winding side mold layer located between the first winding side mold layer and the last winding side mold layer is greater than the thickness of the conductor to be wound, and less than or equal to twice the thickness of the conductor to be wound.

[0091] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention designs a first and last winding side mold layer whose thickness is less than or equal to the thickness of the conductor to be wound, and the thickness of any intermediate layer is twice that of the conductor. In this way, during the cyclic winding process from the outside to the inside and from the inside to the outside, no limiting or constraining components are set on the downstream side of the winding path when winding each layer of coil, so as not to interfere with the conductor, avoid damage to the inter-turn insulation, and at the same time, the wound coil can be stably limited and fixed.

[0092] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils. After the conductor to be wound is wound with two layers of coils and the double-pane coil is completed, the aforementioned double-pane coil winding steps are repeated to complete the winding of other double-pane coils in sequence, and finally the winding of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is completed.

[0093] The present invention also discloses a layered bidirectional winding method for stellarator three-dimensional coils. Taking the winding method of a stellarator three-dimensional coil having three double-panel coils and including six layers of coils as an example, and specifically taking the winding of the side mold layers as winding of an outer mold and winding of an inner mold, the winding of the outer mold includes a first layer of winding outer mold, a second and third layer of winding outer mold, a fourth and fifth layer of winding outer mold, and a sixth layer of winding outer mold stacked in sequence, and the winding of the inner mold includes a first and second layer of winding inner mold, a third and fourth layer of winding inner mold, and a fifth and sixth layer of winding inner mold as an example, a detailed explanation is provided below:

[0094] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3During the winding process of the first layer of coil, the winding side mold layer that provides the initial winding reference for the conductor 200 to be wound is located on the outer periphery of the winding area. The conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn from the outer periphery of the winding area toward the inner periphery. After the winding of the first layer of coil is completed, a winding side mold layer is fixedly installed on the inner periphery of the winding area.

[0095] Specifically, see Figure 3 First, a first-layer outer winding mold 121 is fixed on the outer periphery of the winding area of ​​the winding base mold 110. Then, the conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn from the outside to the inside, using the first-layer outer winding mold 121 as the winding reference. Then refer to... Figure 4 After the first layer of coil is wound, a first and second layer winding inner mold 131 is fixed on the inner circumference of the winding area.

[0096] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 During the winding process of the second layer coil, the conductor 200 to be wound uses the side of the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the first layer coil facing the winding area as the winding reference. The conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn above the first layer coil, from the inner periphery of the winding area to the outer periphery. After the winding of the second layer coil is completed, another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the first layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the second layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the second layer coil and the third layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0097] Specifically, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 When winding the second layer of coil, the conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn from the inside out, based on the first and second layer inner winding mold 131. After the two layers of coil are wound, the first double-pancake coil is obtained. Then, a second and third layer outer winding mold 122 is fixed above the first layer outer winding mold 121.

[0098] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 After completing the single-layer winding of the second layer coil, the conductor 200 to be wound uses the side of the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the second layer coil facing the winding area as the winding reference. The conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn above the second layer coil, from the outer periphery of the winding area towards the inner periphery, until the winding of the third layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the second layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the third layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the third layer coil and the fourth layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0099] Specifically, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 When winding the third layer of coil, the second double-pancake coil is started. The conductor 200 to be wound is wound from the outside to the inside, using the second and third layer outer winding mold 122 as the winding reference. After the third layer of coil is wound, a third and fourth layer inner winding mold 132 is fixed above the first and second layer inner winding mold 131.

[0100] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 After completing the single-layer winding of the third layer coil, the conductor 200 to be wound uses the side of the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the third layer coil facing the winding area as the winding reference. The conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn above the third layer coil, from the inner periphery of the winding area to the outer periphery, until the winding of the fourth layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the third layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the fourth layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the fourth layer coil and the fifth layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0101] Specifically, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 When winding the fourth layer coil, the conductor 200 to be wound is wound from the inside out, using the inner winding mold 132 of the third and fourth layers as the winding reference, to complete the winding of the fourth layer coil and obtain the second double-pancake coil. A fourth and fifth layer winding outer mold 123 is fixed above the outer winding mold 122 of the second and third layers.

[0102] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 After completing the single-layer winding of the fourth layer coil, the conductor 200 to be wound uses the side of the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the fourth layer coil facing the winding area as the winding reference. The conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn above the fourth layer coil, from the outer periphery of the winding area towards the inner periphery, until the fifth layer coil is wound. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the fourth layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the fifth layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the fifth and sixth layer coils of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0103] Specifically, see Figure 7 and Figure 8When winding the fifth layer of coil, the winding of the third double-pancake coil begins. The conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn from the outside to the inside, using the fourth and fifth layer outer winding mold 123 as the winding reference. After the fifth layer of coil is completed, a fifth and sixth layer inner winding mold 133 is fixedly set above the third and fourth layer inner winding mold 132.

[0104] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 After completing the single-layer winding of the fifth layer coil, the conductor 200 to be wound uses the side of the winding side mold layer on the inner periphery of the fifth layer coil facing the winding area as the winding reference. The conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn above the fifth layer coil, from the inner periphery of the winding area to the outer periphery, until the winding of the sixth layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer on the outer periphery of the fifth layer coil, and finally the winding of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is completed. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the sixth layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the sixth layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

[0105] Specifically, see Figure 8 and Figure 9 When winding the sixth layer coil, the conductor 200 to be wound is wound turn by turn from the inside out, using the inner winding mold 133 of the fifth and sixth layers as the winding reference. After the sixth layer coil is completed, a sixth layer winding outer mold 124 is fixedly set above the outer winding mold 123 of the fourth and fifth layers to obtain the third double-pancake coil, and finally the complete six-layer coil stellarator three-dimensional coil is obtained.

[0106] To further understand the arrangement of the outer and inner dies when winding a six-layer coil, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 11 The direction indicated by the middle arrow is the winding direction of the coil starting from the first layer.

[0107] The present invention also discloses a layered bidirectional winding system for stellarator three-dimensional coils. This winding system is used in any of the aforementioned layered bidirectional winding methods for stellarator three-dimensional coils. The system includes a wire release device and a winding device 100. The wire release device is used to release the conductor 200 to be wound. The winding device 100 includes a rotatable winding base mold 110. A winding table can drive the winding base mold 110 to rotate and wind the conductor 200 to be wound onto the winding base mold 110.

[0108] Using the above technical solution, the wire feeding device can continuously and stably release the conductor 200 to be wound, and the winding table can drive the winding bottom mold 110 to rotate and wind the conductor 200 to be wound turn by turn on the winding bottom mold 110 to complete the winding of the coil.

[0109] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding system suitable for stellarator three-dimensional coils, see further details. Figure 10 The winding device 100 also includes an inner winding mold 130 and an outer winding mold 120. The inner winding mold 130 and the outer winding mold 120 are located on the inner and outer circumferences of the winding area of ​​the bottom winding mold 110, respectively. The bottom winding mold 110, the inner winding mold 130 and the outer winding mold 120 together form a winding groove 140. The inner ring of the stellarator three-dimensional coil located in the winding groove 140 is in contact with the outer surface of the inner winding mold 130, and the outer ring of the stellarator three-dimensional coil located in the winding groove 140 is in contact with the inner surface of the outer winding mold 120.

[0110] The inner winding mold 130 includes multiple inner winding mold layers stacked sequentially on the bottom winding mold 110, and the outer winding mold 120 includes multiple outer winding mold layers stacked sequentially on the bottom winding mold 110. The winding mold layer located on the periphery of the winding area is the inner winding mold layer, and the winding mold layer located on the outer periphery of the winding area is the outer winding mold layer.

[0111] For more details, please see Figure 10 The outer winding mold 120 includes a first layer of outer winding mold 121, a second and third layer of outer winding mold 122, a fourth and fifth layer of outer winding mold 123, and a sixth layer of outer winding mold 124 arranged in sequence. The inner winding mold 130 includes a first and second layer of inner winding mold 131, a third and fourth layer of inner winding mold 132, and a fifth and sixth layer of inner winding mold 133.

[0112] Specifically, the outer winding mold layer located on the lead-out side of the first layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is configured to be on the same layer as the first layer coil; the outer winding mold layer located on the lead-out side of the last layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is configured to be on the same layer as the last layer coil; the other outer winding mold layers and inner winding mold layers are all configured to be on the same layer as the overall structure consisting of a layer coil located at the end of the corresponding layer and a layer coil serving as the winding reference.

[0113] Using the above technical solution, both the inner and outer molds adopt a multi-layer stacked structure, which can correspond to the winding rhythm of the coil layer by layer. The layered molds are arranged synchronously with the number of coil layers, which is suitable for the layered winding process. The outer mold layers of the first and last winding layers are matched and set in the same layer, so that the coils of each layer are kept uniform and consistent. During the winding process, the conductor 200 and the coil are not easy to move or misalign.

[0114] The embodiments of the present invention also disclose a layered bidirectional winding system suitable for stellarator three-dimensional coils, wherein the minimum thickness dimension of the inner winding layer and the outer winding layer is less than or equal to the thickness dimension of the conductor 200 to be wound, and the maximum thickness dimension of the inner winding layer and the outer winding layer is greater than the thickness dimension of the conductor 200 to be wound, but less than or equal to twice the thickness dimension of the conductor 200 to be wound.

[0115] Using the above technical solution, the minimum thickness of the inner and outer winding mold layers is no greater than the thickness of conductor 200. It can fit a single conductor 200 and perform single-layer limiting. The maximum thickness of the inner and outer winding mold layers is equal to or close to twice the thickness of conductor 200. This can limit the end of the upper layer coil, and the excess part can be used as the starting reference point of the lower layer coil. In other words, by designing the thickness of the inner and outer winding mold layers, the thickness of the inner and outer winding mold layers can limit two layers of coils at the same time. At the same time, it can also ensure that no limiting constraint components are set on the downstream side during the winding process of each layer of coil, so as to avoid interference with conductor 200, which may cause friction or damage to the inter-turn insulation of conductor 200.

[0116] In summary, the layered bidirectional winding method and system for stellarator three-dimensional coils provided by this invention achieves interference-free arrangement of the conductor 200 during bidirectional winding by using layered bidirectional winding and step-by-step installation of corresponding inner and outer winding mold layers. No limiting or constraining components are placed downstream of the winding direction of each coil layer, completely avoiding mechanical interference between the mold and the conductor 200, protecting the integrity of the insulation layer on the surface of the superconducting conductor, significantly reducing the risk of coil insulation failure, and improving the electrical performance and operational stability of the coil. Furthermore, the bidirectional winding and layered mold arrangement optimizes the winding process, ensuring smooth demolding of the conductor 200, improving winding efficiency, shortening the winding cycle of a single coil group, and meeting the needs of large-scale manufacturing of stellarator three-dimensional coils. Furthermore, through the precise positioning of the layered mold and the coordinated control of bidirectional winding, the winding accuracy of the coil is guaranteed, ensuring that the parameters such as the spatial dimensions, bending radius, and structural compactness of the coil strictly meet the design requirements. This reduces the scrapping of coils due to insulation layer damage, reduces raw material waste and rework, thereby reducing production costs and improving production efficiency.

[0117] It should be noted that, in addition to the specific embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention is presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the invention are limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the invention in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of the present invention. To provide a deep understanding of the invention, many specific details are included in the above description, and the invention may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of the invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0118] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0119] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of the invention is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0120] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0121] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0122] While the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the invention to these descriptions. Various changes in form and detail can be made by those skilled in the art, including several simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils suitable for stellarators, characterized in that, The winding method includes: A winding side mold layer is pre-fixed on one of the outer and inner circumferential sides of the winding area of ​​the winding bottom mold. The winding side mold layer is configured such that it is located on the same layer as the first layer of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, and no winding side mold layer is provided on the other of the outer and inner circumferential sides of the winding area. Fix the lead end of the conductor to be wound; Using the side of the winding side mold layer facing the winding area as the initial winding reference, the conductor to be wound is wound around the winding bottom mold turn by turn from the side of the winding reference until the winding of the first layer of coil is completed. A winding side mold layer is also fixedly installed on the other side of the outer and inner circumference of the winding area, abutting against the conductor on the corresponding side of the wound first layer coil, so as to restrict the radial movement of the wound first layer coil relative to the winding bottom mold by the winding side mold layer located on the outer and inner circumference of the winding area.

2. The layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of also fixing a winding side mold layer on the other of the outer and inner peripheral sides of the winding area, the winding side mold layer is configured such that it is located on the same layer as the integral structure formed by the first layer coil and the second layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, and no other winding side mold layer is provided above the winding side mold layer that serves as the winding reference for the first layer coil. The winding method further includes: After the first layer of coil is wound, the conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the first layer of coil, with the winding side of the first layer of coil facing the winding area as the winding reference, until the second layer of coil is wound. A winding side mold layer is also stacked above the winding side mold layer that serves as the winding reference for the first layer coil, and abuts against the conductor on the corresponding side of the second layer coil. The winding side mold layers located on the outer and inner circumferences of the winding area restrict the radial movement of the wound second layer coil relative to the winding bottom mold, so as to complete the winding of the double-pane coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer located at the end of the second layer coil is configured to be on the same layer as the second layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, or on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the second layer coil and the third layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

3. The layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the number of coil layers wound on the winding base mold is n, where n is an even number greater than or equal to 2, the number of winding side mold layers located on the side of the initial winding reference in the outer and inner circumferences of the winding region is (n / 2)+1, and the number of winding side mold layers on the other side of the outer and inner circumferences of the winding region away from the initial winding reference is n / 2.

4. The layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the first and last winding side mold layers is less than or equal to the thickness of the conductor to be wound. During the winding process of the stellarator three-dimensional coil, the thickness of any winding side mold layer located between the first and last winding side mold layers is greater than the thickness of the conductor to be wound, and less than or equal to twice the thickness of the conductor to be wound.

5. The layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators as described in claim 2, characterized in that, After the conductor to be wound has two layers of coil and the double-pane coil has been completed, the aforementioned double-pane coil winding steps are repeated to complete the winding of other double-pane coils in sequence, and finally the winding of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is completed.

6. The layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators as described in claim 2, characterized in that, During the winding process of the first layer of coil, the winding side mold layer that provides the initial winding reference for the conductor to be wound is located on the outer periphery of the winding area. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn from the outer periphery of the winding area toward the inner periphery. After the winding of the first layer of coil is completed, a winding side mold layer is fixedly installed on the inner periphery of the winding area. During the winding process of the second layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the first layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the first layer coil, from the inner periphery of the winding area toward the outer periphery. After the winding of the second layer coil is completed, another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the first layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the second layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the second layer coil and the third layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

7. The layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils of stellarators as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The winding method further includes: After completing the single-layer winding of the second layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the second layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the second layer coil, from the outer periphery of the winding area toward the inner periphery, until the winding of the third layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the second layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the third layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the third layer coil and the fourth layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil. After completing the single-layer winding of the third layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the third layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the third layer coil, from the inner periphery of the winding area towards the outer periphery, until the winding of the fourth layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the third layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the fourth layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the fourth layer coil and the fifth layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil. After completing the single-layer winding of the fourth layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the fourth layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the fourth layer coil, from the outer periphery of the winding area toward the inner periphery, until the winding of the fifth layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the fourth layer coil. Furthermore, the winding side mold layer at the end of the fifth layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the fifth and sixth layer coils of the stellarator three-dimensional coil. After completing the single-layer winding of the fifth layer coil, the side of the winding side mold layer located on the inner periphery of the fifth layer coil facing the winding area is used as the winding reference. The conductor to be wound is wound turn by turn above the fifth layer coil, from the inner periphery of the winding area towards the outer periphery, until the winding of the sixth layer coil is completed. Another winding side mold layer is fixedly installed above the winding side mold layer located on the outer periphery of the fifth layer coil, and the winding of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is finally completed. The winding side mold layer at the end of the sixth layer coil is configured to be located on the same layer as the sixth layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil.

8. A layered bidirectional winding system for three-dimensional coils of stellarators, characterized in that, The winding system is used in the layered bidirectional winding method for three-dimensional coils suitable for stellarators as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the system comprises: A wire-releasing device for releasing the conductor to be wound; A winding device, comprising a rotatable winding base mold, wherein a winding table can drive the winding base mold to rotate and wind the conductor to be wound onto the winding base mold.

9. The layered bidirectional winding system for stellarator three-dimensional coils as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The winding device further includes an inner winding mold and an outer winding mold. The inner winding mold and the outer winding mold are located on the inner and outer circumferences of the winding area of ​​the bottom winding mold, respectively. The bottom winding mold, the inner winding mold, and the outer winding mold together form a winding groove. The inner ring of the stellarator three-dimensional coil located in the winding groove is in contact with the outer surface of the inner winding mold, and the outer ring of the stellarator three-dimensional coil located in the winding groove is in contact with the inner surface of the outer winding mold. The inner winding mold includes multiple inner winding mold layers stacked sequentially on the bottom winding mold, and the outer winding mold includes multiple outer winding mold layers stacked sequentially on the bottom winding mold. The winding mold layer located on the periphery of the winding area is the inner winding mold layer, and the winding mold layer located on the outer periphery of the winding area is the outer winding mold layer. Specifically, the outer winding mold layer located on the lead-out side of the first layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is configured to be on the same layer as the first layer coil; the outer winding mold layer located on the lead-out side of the last layer coil of the stellarator three-dimensional coil is configured to be on the same layer as the last layer coil; the other outer winding mold layers and inner winding mold layers are all configured to be on the same layer as the overall structure formed by the layer coil located at the end of the corresponding layer and the layer coil serving as the winding reference.

10. The layered bidirectional winding system for stellarator three-dimensional coils as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The minimum thickness of the inner winding mold layer and the outer winding mold layer is less than or equal to the thickness of the conductor to be wound, and the maximum thickness of the inner winding mold layer and the outer winding mold layer is greater than the thickness of the conductor to be wound, but less than or equal to twice the thickness of the conductor to be wound.

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