A method and system for accurate identification and cooperative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station

Abstract

The application discloses a method and system for accurate identification and cooperative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station, the method comprising: determining an identification strategy by a network side according to a deployment scenario of a radio remote unit, a protocol support capability of a terminal and a target performance requirement; the identification strategy is used to determine an identification mode of a downlink signal; configuring a distinctive downlink reference signal or a downlink reference signal transmission feature for different radio remote units according to the identification strategy; measuring a downlink reference signal from the different radio remote units by a terminal and reporting a measurement result; determining an association relationship between the terminal and the multiple radio remote units based on the measurement result by the network side and identifying a multiple radio remote unit downlink signal. The application solves the problems of high-precision positioning difficulty and limited cooperative transmission performance caused by indistinguishable signals of multiple RRUs in the same cell in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a method and system for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station. Background Technology

[0002] Extended base stations typically configure multiple geographically dispersed Remote Radio Units (RRUs) into the same cell, enabling centralized management through the extended units, reducing cell handover frequency, and lowering network deployment costs. In this architecture, multiple RRUs jointly provide coverage for terminals within the same cell, a common implementation in current dense network scenarios. However, in practical applications, existing extended base stations still have relatively limited capacity for network capability exploitation in multi-RRU scenarios, exhibiting significant shortcomings in refined service and collaborative capabilities.

[0003] In engineering implementation, extended base stations typically adopt a three-tier architecture: Baseband Processing Unit (BBU) – Extended Unit (RHub) – Multiple RRUs. RHubs can exist as independent devices or be deployed logically within the BBU or some RRUs within the same cell. In the downlink direction, service data generated by the BBU is copied and distributed via the extended unit and sent to each RRU in the same signal format. In the uplink direction, the signals received by each RRU are first weighted and combined at the extended unit side before being uploaded to the BBU as a single signal. This architecture offers advantages in cost control and mobility management by centralizing baseband processing resources, but it also results in highly consistent transmission characteristics among different RRUs on the air interface side, making effective differentiation at the terminal and network sides difficult.

[0004] In the above architecture, multiple RRUs within the same cell simultaneously transmit downlink signals to the terminal. The terminal receives multiple spatially different but highly similar signal components. Without an effective differentiation mechanism, the network side struggles to obtain RRU-level measurement results, making it impossible to accurately determine the relationship between the terminal and each RRU. When the number of RRUs is large or the deployment density is high, directly performing high-precision channel measurements on all RRUs will significantly increase signaling overhead and the terminal's measurement burden, making it difficult to strike a balance between system efficiency and measurement accuracy.

[0005] To address the issue of distinguishing between multiple RRUs sharing a cell, an identification method based on Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) indexes is being explored. For example, patent CN111542065A proposes configuring different SSB indices for different RRUs. The terminal measures and reports the SSB index of the strongest received signal, and the network side infers the RRU to which the terminal belongs based on this index, and performs spatial multiplexing of channel resources among terminals covered by different RRUs. Invention patent application number 202510478638.4 also uses SSB indices as a means of distinguishing different RRUs within the same cell to support collaborative terminal localization by multiple RRUs.

[0006] However, in practical applications, the above-mentioned SSB index-based scheme is subject to several limitations. The SSB signal bandwidth is narrow, resulting in limited accuracy for time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-precision positioning scenarios. Furthermore, the number of configurable SSB indices in the FR1 band is limited, typically supporting a maximum of eight indices. When the number of RRUs deployed within a single logical cell exceeds this limit, multiple RRUs inevitably share the same index, leading to a decrease in RRU-level distinguishability.

[0007] The same problem exists in multi-RRU cooperative transmission scenarios. SSB-based identification methods can typically only determine which RRU a terminal is closer to, resulting in a coarse-grained attribution relationship that fails to reflect the precise channel state of multiple RRUs relative to the same terminal. When supporting multi-RRU cooperative transmission towards the same terminal is required, such as in distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), multi-RRU diversity, or cooperative beamforming, relying solely on SSB indices and signal strength information is insufficient to meet the demand for precise channel state.

[0008] In the existing 3GPP protocol framework, cooperative transmission typically relies on Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS) for channel measurement. However, CSI-RS is usually configured on a cell-by-cell basis and does not distinguish between different RRUs within the same cell. Although it is possible to indirectly achieve RRU-level differentiation and measurement by extending the configuration method or usage procedure of CSI-RS without modifying the air interface protocol, this method is difficult to balance identification accuracy and system overhead.

[0009] In terms of positioning enhancement, existing technologies have proposed introducing a Positioning Reference Signal (DL PRS) in the downlink direction to improve positioning accuracy. However, PRS signals are also configured on a cell-by-cell basis, and when multiple RRUs send the same positioning reference signal, it is difficult to directly distinguish the propagation paths corresponding to different RRUs. Even if RRU-level positioning is achieved by improving the PRS transmission method without violating existing air interface protocols, the specific implementation still has high engineering complexity.

[0010] Therefore, in multi-RRU co-cell scenarios with extended base stations, there is still a lack of a method that can accurately distinguish downlink signals of each RRU within the same cell under conditions of protocol compatibility or protocol enhancement. This insufficient RRU-level identification capability makes it difficult for the network side to obtain accurate channel state information of multiple RRUs for a single terminal, limiting the implementation of advanced cooperative transmission strategies and restricting the performance improvement potential of extended base stations in high-precision positioning scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Based on the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method and system for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in extended base stations, which solves the problems of high-precision positioning difficulties and limited collaborative transmission performance caused by the indistinguishability of multiple RRU signals in the same cell.

[0012] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the first aspect of this invention discloses a method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple remote radio units (RRUs) in an extended base station, applicable to an extended base station system containing multiple RRUs. The method includes: The network side determines the identification strategy based on the deployment scenario of the radio remote unit, the protocol support capability of the terminal, and the target performance requirements. The identification strategy is used to determine the identification method of the downlink signal. The identification method of the downlink signal includes: differentiation based on downlink reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on downlink transmit beam and transmission configuration status, and / or differentiation based on downlink positioning reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on time scanning and beam scanning. According to the identification strategy, different radio frequency remote units are configured with distinguishable downlink reference signals or downlink reference signal transmission characteristics; The terminal measures the downlink reference signal from the different radio frequency remote units and reports the measurement results; Based on the measurement results, the network side determines the association between the terminal and the multiple radio frequency remote units and identifies the downlink signals of the multiple radio frequency remote units.

[0013] In some implementations, it also includes: Based on the aforementioned association, the network side constructs a channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple remote radio units; Based on the channel association data structure, a collaborative enhancement operation is performed, which includes terminal positioning enhancement and / or terminal-oriented multi-RF remote unit collaborative transmission enhancement.

[0014] In some implementations, determining the identification strategy includes: When the deployment density of radio frequency remote units exceeds a preset threshold or the number of terminals exceeds a preset scale, the first downlink signal identification method is used to initially screen the radio frequency remote units sensed by the terminals and form a candidate radio frequency remote unit set. When the candidate radio remote unit set meets the requirements for cooperative transmission or high-precision positioning, a second downlink signal identification method is enabled for the candidate radio remote unit set.

[0015] In some implementations, the first downlink signal identification method is an identification method based on downlink reference signal resource differentiation, including: Configure downlink reference signal resources that are distinct from each other in the time domain, frequency domain and / or code domain for different radio frequency remote units; Control different radio frequency remote units to transmit downlink reference signals of preset power at their respective corresponding downlink reference signal resource locations; The terminal measures the downlink reference signal and reports the measurement results. Based on the correspondence between the downlink reference signal resources and the radio frequency remote unit, the network side initially distinguishes the radio frequency remote unit.

[0016] In some implementations, the second downlink signal identification method is based on the distinction between downlink transmission beam and transmission configuration status, including: The downlink transmission beams of different radio frequency remote units are respectively bound to different transmission configuration indication states, and the transmission configuration indication states are switched in different time units; The terminal measures the same reference signal under each of the aforementioned transmission configuration indication states and reports the measurement results; The network side distinguishes radio frequency remote units based on the binding relationship between the transmission configuration indication status and the radio frequency remote unit.

[0017] In some implementations, when the downlink signal identification method uses downlink positioning reference signal resources, it further includes: A location identification identifier is configured for each different radio frequency remote unit, wherein the location identification identifier is a composite identifier, and the composite identifier includes at least a cell identifier and a radio frequency remote unit identifier used to distinguish different radio frequency remote units within the same cell; The composite identifier is associated with a downlink positioning reference signal resource dedicated to the corresponding radio frequency remote unit, and the terminal is notified via positioning signaling; the downlink positioning reference signal resource is distinguished by transmission time, frequency position and / or code sequence. Based on the positioning signaling configuration, the terminal measures the arrival time and / or received strength of downlink positioning reference signals from different radio frequency remote units, and reports the measurement results. The network side identifies the corresponding radio remote unit based on the composite identifier and performs positioning enhancement based on the arrival time and / or reception strength.

[0018] In some implementations, the downlink signal is identified using a method based on time scanning and beam scanning: Different radio frequency remote units are scheduled to send downlink reference signals in turn within different time units. The network side maintains the correspondence between the transmission time or transmission beam and the radio frequency remote unit, and identifies the radio frequency remote unit and performs positioning enhancement based on the measurement results reported by the terminal.

[0019] In some implementations, the channel association data structure includes at least one or more of the following: Radio frequency remote unit identifier, received signal strength parameters, channel quality parameters, signal arrival time or delay parameters, and measurement time information; The signal arrival time or delay parameter is obtained by the terminal measuring the downlink reference signal, which includes a downlink positioning reference signal and / or a downlink channel state reference signal under protocol enhancement conditions; The network side maintains the channel association data structure using periodic updates and / or event-triggered updates.

[0020] In some implementations, the cooperative transport enhancement operation includes: The network side forms a set of candidate radio remote units for the terminal based on the channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple radio remote units, and sorts the candidate radio remote units based on the received signal strength parameters and / or channel quality parameters. When the number of radio remote units that meet the spatial multiplexing condition in the candidate radio remote unit set is not less than a preset number, the multiple radio remote units that meet the spatial multiplexing condition are scheduled to transmit multiple data streams to the terminal in a distributed multiple input multiple output manner. When the spatial reuse condition is not met in the candidate radio remote unit set, at least two radio remote units with the highest correlation are selected from the candidate radio remote unit set, and data is transmitted to the terminal using cooperative beamforming or transmit diversity.

[0021] Secondly, a system for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station is disclosed, comprising the steps of executing any of the above-mentioned methods for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station, including: The network-side device determines a downlink signal identification strategy based on the deployment scenario of the radio frequency remote unit, the protocol support capability of the terminal, and the target performance requirements. The identification strategy is used to indicate the identification method of the downlink signal. The identification method includes differentiation based on downlink reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on downlink transmit beam and transmission configuration status, and / or differentiation based on downlink positioning reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on time scanning and beam scanning. According to the identification strategy, different radio frequency remote units are configured with distinguishable downlink reference signals or downlink reference signal transmission characteristics; The system receives measurement results reported by the terminal and, based on these results, determines the association between the terminal and multiple radio frequency remote units and identifies downlink signals from the multiple radio frequency remote units. The terminal-side device measures downlink reference signals from different radio frequency remote units according to the configuration signaling of the network-side device, and reports the measurement results to the network-side device.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a method and system for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple Remote Radio Units (RRUs) in extended base stations. It introduces a dynamically adjusted identification strategy on the network side based on deployment scenarios, terminal capabilities, and performance requirements. It addresses the difficulty in distinguishing downlink signals from multiple RRUs in extended base stations by utilizing various downlink signal identification methods, including downlink reference signal resources, downlink transmit beam and transmission configuration status, downlink positioning reference signal resources, and time and beam scanning. Based on terminal measurement results, it establishes the association between the terminal and multiple RRUs, enabling the network to simultaneously support multi-RRU positioning enhancement and collaborative transmission enhancement, improving positioning accuracy while achieving collaborative transmission capabilities for a single terminal. This invention offers good flexibility and deployment friendliness, reusing existing reference signals and beam management mechanisms while maintaining compatibility with or enhancing existing protocol frameworks. Functional enhancements are achieved through network-side configuration and processing, resulting in low implementation costs and strong engineering feasibility. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system for the method of accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the first downlink signal identification method in the extended base station multi-RRU accurate identification and collaborative enhancement method provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the second downlink signal identification method in the extended base station multi-RRU accurate identification and collaborative enhancement method provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the extended base station multi-RRU accurate identification and collaborative enhancement method provided by the present invention, based on the protocol compatibility of beam scanning DL PRS. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of RRU identification to collaborative applications in the extended base station multi-RRU accurate identification and collaborative enhancement method provided by the present invention; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram illustrating the network-side scheme decision-making, configuration, and signal transmission process of the extended base station multi-RRU accurate identification and collaborative enhancement method provided by the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base station scheduler's judgment process in the extended base station multi-RRU accurate identification and collaborative enhancement method provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To better understand and implement this invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] The terms “comprising” and “having” and any variations thereof in this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in extended base stations, applicable to, for example... Figure 1 The extended base station system shown here, which includes multiple radio frequency remote units, solves the problems of high-precision positioning difficulties and limited collaborative transmission performance caused by the indistinguishability of signals from multiple RRUs in the same cell, and improves the positioning accuracy of terminals based on multiple RRUs in the same cell.

[0027] In this embodiment, multiple remote radio units (RRUs) are included, and each RRU is connected to the baseband processing unit through an extension unit. The multiple RRUs work together to provide downlink communication services to terminals within the same cell.

[0028] This method includes: Step S1: The network side determines the identification strategy based on the deployment scenario of the radio remote unit, the protocol support capability of the terminal, and the target performance requirements. The identification strategy is used to determine the identification method of the downlink signal. The identification method of the downlink signal includes: differentiation based on downlink reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on downlink transmit beam and transmission configuration status, and / or differentiation based on downlink positioning reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on time scanning and beam scanning.

[0029] Step S2: According to the identification strategy, configure a distinguishable downlink reference signal or downlink reference signal transmission feature for different radio frequency remote units; Step S3: The terminal measures the downlink reference signal from the different radio frequency remote units and reports the measurement results; Step S4: Based on the measurement results, the network side determines the association between the terminal and the multiple radio remote units, and identifies the downlink signals of multiple radio remote units in the same cell.

[0030] During system operation, the network side determines the downlink signal identification strategy based on the deployment density of remote radio units, terminal distribution, and service type. Determining the identification strategy includes: When the deployment density of radio frequency remote units exceeds a preset threshold or the number of terminals exceeds a preset scale, the first downlink signal identification method is used to initially screen the radio frequency remote units sensed by the terminals and form a candidate radio frequency remote unit set. When the candidate radio remote unit set meets the requirements for cooperative transmission or high-precision positioning, a second downlink signal identification method is enabled for the candidate radio remote unit set.

[0031] In the first implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the deployment density of radio frequency remote units in the same cell is higher than a preset threshold or the number of terminals exceeds a preset scale, the network side adopts the first downlink signal identification method, which is the radio frequency remote unit identification method based on the differentiation of downlink reference signal resources, to perform preliminary screening of the radio frequency remote units that can be perceived around the terminal.

[0032] Specifically, the network side configures a set of downlink reference signal resources for the logical cell. These downlink reference signal resources have distinguishable resource identifiers in the time domain, frequency domain, and / or code domain. Internally, the network side maps one or more downlink reference signal resources to different radio frequency remote units, making the downlink reference signal resources corresponding to each radio frequency remote unit distinguishable from each other in the resource set.

[0033] The downlink reference signal resource can be a channel state information reference signal resource, and the base station configures a CSI-RS resource set for each cell. Internally, the base station silently maps one or more unique CSI-RS resources to each RRU, configured in the form of a preset power in the radio resource control signaling, which can be zero power or low power. In this embodiment, the transmission power of the downlink reference signal is controlled, and its power level is lower than the transmission power of normal service channels or synchronization signal blocks to avoid interference with adjacent service channels or to avoid affecting the terminal's execution of reference signal measurements according to the standard measurement procedure. The terminal's measurement of the reference signal resource still follows the measurement mechanism specified in the existing protocol, without changing the terminal's standard processing logic. By reasonably controlling the transmission power, this embodiment achieves the differentiation of radio remote units while not disrupting the basic signal structure and measurement procedure of the existing air interface protocol. In the actual downlink transmission process, the corresponding radio remote unit transmits pilot signals at its mapped resource location. Different radio remote units use different resource identifiers, and the pilot signals maintain orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal relationships in the time-frequency domain or code domain.

[0034] The base station instructs the terminal via RRC signaling to measure the downlink reference signal CSI-RS resource set according to the network-side configuration, and reports the received signal strength and resource identifier corresponding to each downlink reference signal resource to the network side. Based on the measurement results reported by the terminal and the mapping relationship between the downlink reference signal resources and radio frequency remote units (RF units), the network side analyzes the measurement results reported by the terminal to determine the RF units that the terminal can perceive, and performs preliminary differentiation of the RF units based on the measurement results.

[0035] The network side can quickly identify radio frequency remote units (RFRs) with better channel conditions than the terminal without significantly increasing signaling and measurement overhead, forming a candidate RFR set and its relative channel strength. This is used for preliminary screening of RFRs that may participate in cooperative transmission. The candidate set can also serve as the basis for selecting participating RFRs when enabling high-precision positioning schemes based on downlink positioning reference signal resources or scanning mechanisms, thereby reducing positioning resource overhead.

[0036] In the second implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, when the candidate RRU set is needed for applications such as collaborative transmission or high-precision positioning, the network side can adopt a second downlink signal identification method for the candidate RRU set, which distinguishes RRUs based on downlink transmission beam and transmission configuration status. The second downlink signal identification method fully reuses the existing beam management framework and separates the signals of different RRUs in the time dimension through TCI-State.

[0037] Specifically, the network side binds the downlink transmission beams of different radio frequency remote units to different transmission configuration indication states within the system, with each transmission configuration indication state corresponding to a unique identifier. The binding relationship between the transmission configuration indication state and the radio frequency remote unit is maintained by the network side and controlled during downlink scheduling.

[0038] The base station configures a set of downlink reference signal resources for measurement, such as CSI-RS for beam management, and associates these reference signal resources with multiple transmission configuration indication states. At different times, the network side switches the transmission configuration indication states so that the reference signals are transmitted by downlink transmission beams from different radio frequency remote units.

[0039] Under the instruction of the base station, the terminal measures the same received reference signal under different transmission configuration indication states, such as different receive beam space assumptions under TCI-State, and reports the corresponding measurement results along with the transmission configuration indication state identifier to the network side. Based on the measurement results reported by the terminal and combined with the binding relationship between the transmission configuration indication state and the radio frequency remote unit, the network side parses the measurement results into signal quality information from different radio frequency remote units.

[0040] Under the same reference signal configuration, the network side acquires accurate channel state information of multiple radio frequency remote units relative to the terminal, realizes accurate differentiation of radio frequency remote units, and provides input for subsequent collaborative transmission parameter calculation or positioning processing.

[0041] In the third implementation, to meet the high-precision positioning requirements, the network side adopts a radio frequency remote unit identification method based on downlink positioning reference signal resources, and performs minimum enhancement on the positioning protocol. By configuring positioning identity identifiers for different radio frequency remote units in the positioning protocol signaling, the identification of radio frequency remote units is realized, and positioning enhancement processing is performed on the basis of the completed identification.

[0042] Specifically, the network side defines a composite identifier in the radio resource control signaling or location protocol signaling. This composite identifier includes at least a cell identifier and an intra-cell TRP identifier used to distinguish different intra-cell remote units (IRUs) within the same cell. Different IRUs are configured with location identification identifiers, such as intra-cell TRP identifiers. This identifier information characterizes the transmit / receive point within the cell and, together with the cell identifier, constitutes a unique composite identifier (Cell ID, Intra-Cell TRP ID), used to uniquely identify different IRUs within the cell. The network side maintains the correspondence between the composite identifier and the IRUs within the system.

[0043] Based on this, the network side associates the composite identifier with downlink positioning reference signal resources dedicated to the corresponding radio frequency remote unit and notifies the terminal via positioning signaling. These downlink positioning reference signal resources are distinguished from each other in transmission time, frequency location, and / or code sequence, ensuring that the downlink positioning reference signals transmitted by different radio frequency remote units are staggered in the resource domain.

[0044] The terminal, based on the positioning signaling configuration on the network side, measures downlink positioning reference signals from different remote radio units (RF units) and reports the corresponding arrival time and / or received signal strength (RSS) measurement results, along with a composite identifier. Based on the measurement results reported by the terminal and the mapping relationship between the composite identifier and the RF units, the network side performs positioning enhancement processing based on the arrival time and / or RSS, obtaining positioning measurement information between the terminal and different RF units. This provides an optimal protocol-based signal foundation for high-precision positioning. Under protocol enhancement conditions, the network side can assign independent and identifiable positioning signal identities to different RF units within the same cell, providing a clear and stable measurement foundation for high-precision positioning.

[0045] In the fourth embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, for the DL PRS protocol, without modifying the existing positioning signal configuration rule of "one PRS resource per cell", the radio frequency remote unit can be distinguished, and the network side uses downlink positioning reference signals based on time scanning and beam scanning.

[0046] Specifically, the network side internally schedules and controls different radio frequency remote units (RF units), causing them to take turns transmitting the same set of downlink positioning reference signals in different time units. These different time units can be determined using beam scanning timing. Each RF unit uses a transmission beam pointing towards its coverage area when transmitting the downlink positioning reference signal, creating a spatial distinction.

[0047] The network side configures the downlink positioning reference signal resource set for the terminal via radio resource control signaling, such as standard RRC signaling. Simultaneously, the downlink positioning reference signal resource set can be associated with multiple transmission configuration indication states. Each transmission configuration indication state corresponds to the transmission beam direction of a radio frequency remote unit. The terminal performs reception measurements of the downlink positioning reference signal at different times according to different transmission configuration indication states.

[0048] During the time scan or beam scan, the terminal measures the received downlink positioning reference signal and reports the measurement results at different time units or under different transmission configuration indication states to the network side. Based on the internally maintained correspondence between transmission time or transmission configuration indication state and radio frequency remote units (RF units), the network side parses the measurement results reported by the terminal into positioning measurement information from RF RF units in different geographical locations and performs positioning enhancement processing accordingly. Without introducing additional positioning signal resource configuration, the network side achieves effective differentiation and positioning enhancement of different RF RF units within the same cell, providing a protocol-compatible implementation path for positioning-related applications.

[0049] Through the above four implementation methods, the network side can establish a distinguishing basis for each radio frequency remote unit at different times, in different resource domains, or in different transmission characteristic dimensions, providing conditional support for terminal measurement and network side calculation.

[0050] Furthermore, it also includes: Based on the aforementioned association, the network side constructs a channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple remote radio units; Based on the channel association data structure, a collaborative enhancement operation is performed, which includes terminal positioning enhancement and / or terminal-oriented multi-RF remote unit collaborative transmission enhancement.

[0051] Based on the aforementioned association, the network side constructs a channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple remote radio units (RF units) and then performs collaborative enhancement processing. The channel association data structure characterizes the channel association between the terminal and the multiple RF units and includes at least one or more of the following: RF unit identifier, received signal strength parameters, channel quality parameters, signal arrival time or delay parameters, and measurement time information.

[0052] The signal arrival time or delay parameter is obtained by the terminal measuring the downlink reference signal, which includes a downlink positioning reference signal and / or a downlink channel state reference signal that can be used for delay measurement under protocol enhancement conditions. Under existing protocol conditions, the terminal determines the relative path loss relationship between the terminal and different radio remote units based on the received signal strength parameter for positioning or area determination based on the received signal strength. Under protocol enhancement conditions, the terminal can also perform delay measurement on the downlink channel state reference signal, further supporting positioning enhancement processing based on delay information. The network side classifies or sorts multiple radio remote units within the same cell based on the channel association data structure to determine the set of radio remote units participating in the cooperative enhancement processing.

[0053] For example, as shown in Table 2, channel association data may include the following information:

[0054] The network side maintains the channel association data structure using periodic updates and / or event-triggered updates. Periodic updates reflect regular changes in the channel state between the terminal and the remote radio unit; event-triggered updates promptly update the corresponding channel association when significant changes in received signal strength, channel quality, or delay parameters are detected, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the data structure.

[0055] In one implementation, the network side forms a set of candidate radio remote units for the terminal based on the channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple radio remote units, and sorts the candidate radio remote units based on the received signal strength parameters and / or channel quality parameters. When the number of radio remote units that meet the spatial multiplexing condition in the candidate radio remote unit set is not less than a preset number, the multiple radio remote units that meet the spatial multiplexing condition are scheduled to transmit multiple data streams to the terminal in a distributed multiple-input multiple-output manner. At this time, the network side performs joint processing on the multiple data streams based on the independent channel state information corresponding to the radio remote unit, and distributes the different data streams to different radio remote units for transmission.

[0056] When the spatial multiplexing condition is not met in the candidate RF remote unit set, at least two RF remote units with the highest correlation are selected from the candidate RF remote unit set, and data is transmitted to the terminal using cooperative beamforming or transmit diversity. The network side selects multiple RF remote units that can better serve the terminal, and transmits service data to the terminal using transmit diversity or cooperative beamforming. Each RF remote unit transmits cooperative signals according to the network side's scheduling control, so that the cooperative signals form effective superposition at the terminal side.

[0057] In the aforementioned collaborative enhancement process, the precoding calculations involved in collaborative transmission can be performed by any one or more of the baseband processing unit, extension unit, or radio frequency remote unit. The specific implementation method can be selected according to the system architecture and deployment conditions. The network side achieves collaborative transmission of multiple radio frequency remote units for a single terminal through unified scheduling and control of the radio frequency remote units.

[0058] Specifically, the collaborative enhancement processing includes high-precision positioning processing for accurate identification of multiple remote unit (RRU). The network side comprehensively utilizes the measurement results obtained from various RRU identification methods to perform positioning enhancement processing on the terminal. In one embodiment, when the network side adopts an RRU identification method based on downlink positioning reference signals, the downlink positioning reference signals are transmitted separately by multiple RRUs and are distinguishable from each other in terms of transmission time, frequency position, or code sequence. The terminal measures the downlink positioning reference signals from different RRUs and reports the corresponding arrival time, received signal strength, or time difference of arrival. Based on the multi-RRU measurement results reported by the terminal, the network side uses a time difference of arrival positioning algorithm or a correlation positioning algorithm to calculate the terminal's position.

[0059] In another implementation, when the network side employs a downlink positioning reference signal identification method based on time scanning or beam scanning, different radio frequency remote units (RF units) take turns transmitting downlink positioning reference signals at different time units or under different transmit beams. The terminal measures the downlink positioning reference signals at different times or under different receive beam configurations and reports the measurement results to the network side. Based on the known transmission timing or the correspondence between the transmit beam and the RF units, the network side parses the measurement results reported by the terminal to obtain positioning measurement information between the terminal and multiple RF units, and performs positioning enhancement processing accordingly.

[0060] Furthermore, the network side can also combine the RF remote unit identification results obtained based on downlink reference signal resource differentiation or downlink transmit beam differentiation to assist in estimating the relative positional relationship between the terminal and different RF remote units. For example, the network side can combine the signal strength information or angle of arrival measurement results reported by the terminal to perform a coarse-grained estimation of the terminal's position; or based on the relationship between the transmit power of the downlink reference signal and the receive power of the terminal, it can estimate the path loss between the terminal and the RF remote unit, and make an approximate inference of the transmission delay accordingly, thereby helping to improve the stability of the positioning results.

[0061] The following is combined with, for example Figure 6 The illustrated embodiment further explains how, in this invention, the network side dynamically selects and executes one or more positioning methods based on actual conditions, and achieves time difference of arrival positioning based on the measurement results: In this embodiment, the network side, through a base station or a positioning server cooperating with the base station, dynamically determines the identification strategy for distinguishing and measuring remote radio units based on service requirements and system capabilities. The identification strategy is based on at least the following factors: the accuracy requirements of the positioning or collaborative service, the terminal and network's support for enhanced positioning or measurement protocols, the availability of downlink reference signal resources for measurement, and the terminal's support for multi-state measurement and high-precision time-of-arrival measurement.

[0062] In one implementation, the network side employs a remote radio unit (RTU) differentiation mechanism based on CSI-RS identifiers. Specifically, the network side configures CSI-RS resources that distinguish different RTUs within the same cell in the time, frequency, and / or code domains, and establishes a mapping relationship between CSI-RS resources and RTUs within the system. Each RTU transmits a downlink reference signal at its corresponding CSI-RS resource location, thereby forming a distinguishable identification feature at the physical layer.

[0063] In another implementation, the network side employs a TCI-State-based remote unit differentiation mechanism. Internally, the network side binds the downlink transmit beams of different remote units to different transmission configuration indication states, and configures downlink reference signal resources for measurement for the terminal, associating these reference signal resources with multiple transmission configuration indication states. By switching transmission configuration indication states within different time units, the network side ensures that the same reference signal is transmitted by different remote units at different times.

[0064] In a further implementation, the network side employs a downlink positioning reference signal mechanism based on enhanced TRP identifiers. The network side assigns intra-cell TRP identifiers to different radio remote units participating in positioning within the same cell, and configures downlink positioning reference signal resources that distinguish each other in transmission time, frequency position, and / or code sequence for each radio remote unit, enabling the terminal to measure positioning reference signals from different radio remote units separately.

[0065] In another embodiment, the network side employs a time-scanning or beam-scanning transmission method without altering the downlink positioning reference signal configuration. The network side configures a common downlink positioning reference signal resource for the cell and internally orchestrates the transmission timing. Under different time units or different transmission beams, different radio frequency remote units are scheduled to transmit the downlink positioning reference signal in turn, maintaining the correspondence between the transmission timing or transmission beam and the radio frequency remote units.

[0066] The terminal executes measurement operations corresponding to the identification and measurement mechanism adopted, based on the configuration signaling issued by the network side. When the network side adopts a mechanism based on CSI-RS identification or TCI-State binding, the terminal measures the configured downlink reference signal and obtains measurement results including the reference signal identifier or transmission configuration indication status identifier and the received signal strength. When the network side adopts a mechanism based on downlink positioning reference signals, the terminal measures downlink positioning reference signals sent from different radio frequency remote units and obtains measurement results including the received signal strength and the precise time of arrival. When round-trip delay-based positioning is supported, the terminal also sends uplink positioning reference signals, which are independently received and measured by different radio frequency remote units within the same cell. Since each radio frequency remote unit independently receives uplink signals at the physical layer, the network side can distinguish uplink measurement results from different radio frequency remote units. The terminal reports the above measurement results to the network side.

[0067] After receiving the measurement results reported by the terminal, the network side resolves the reference signal identifier, transmission configuration indication status identifier, TRP identifier or measurement time reported by the terminal into the corresponding radio frequency remote unit according to the mapping relationship maintained internally by the system. Combined with its geographical location information, it constructs the association data structure between the terminal and multiple radio frequency remote units.

[0068] In the positioning enhancement process, the network side performs synchronous compensation on the arrival time measurements from multiple radio frequency remote units based on the aforementioned correlation data structure, calculates the arrival time difference, and uses the corresponding positioning algorithm to solve the terminal position. When the measurement result is mainly the received signal strength or transmitted feature information, the network side performs positioning calculation based on signal features and can combine the path loss estimation result to correct the positioning result.

[0069] In the collaborative enhancement process, the network side selects radio remote units (RF units) to participate in the collaboration based on the constructed association data structure, and schedules multiple RF units to transmit service data to the terminal in a distributed multiple-input multiple-output, transmit diversity, or cooperative beamforming manner according to the channel association between the terminal and each RF unit.

[0070] Specifically, the cooperative transmission enhancement operation also includes multi-radio remote unit cooperative transmission enhancement for a single terminal, specifically including: The network side forms a set of candidate radio remote units for the terminal based on the channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple radio remote units, and sorts the candidate radio remote units based on the received signal strength parameters and / or channel quality parameters. When the number of radio remote units that meet the spatial multiplexing condition in the candidate radio remote unit set is not less than a preset number, the multiple radio remote units that meet the spatial multiplexing condition are scheduled to transmit multiple data streams to the terminal in a distributed multiple input multiple output manner. When the spatial reuse condition is not met in the candidate radio remote unit set, at least two radio remote units with the highest correlation are selected from the candidate radio remote unit set, and data is transmitted to the terminal using cooperative beamforming or transmit diversity.

[0071] In this embodiment, the network side performs multi-radio remote unit collaborative transmission processing for a single terminal based on the channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple radio frequency remote units constructed by various radio frequency remote unit identification methods.

[0072] In one implementation, the network side initially identifies perceptible remote radio units (RFUs) around the terminal using an identification method based on downlink reference signal resources. Based on the signal strength information reported by the terminal, a set of candidate RFUs capable of providing good service to the terminal is selected. Furthermore, for this set of candidate RFUs, the network side employs an identification method based on downlink transmit beam or transmission configuration status to obtain precise channel state information between the terminal and each candidate RFU. Based on the above identification and measurement results, the network side constructs a channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple RFUs. This data structure characterizes the independent channel state between the terminal and each RFU.

[0073] When the channel association data structure indicates that there is a strong channel association between the terminal and multiple remote radio units (RF units) simultaneously, and the spatial multiplexing condition is met, the network side will jointly schedule the transmission resources of multiple RF units to transmit service data to the terminal in a distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) manner. At this time, the network side will jointly process multiple data streams based on the channel state information corresponding to each RF unit and distribute different data streams to different RF units for transmission.

[0074] When the channel association data structure indicates that the terminal is at the cell edge or the channel conditions between the terminal and the remote radio unit are weak, the network side selects multiple remote radio units that can better serve the terminal and transmits service data to the terminal using transmit diversity or cooperative beamforming. The precoding calculation for the cooperative transmission can be performed by any one or more of the baseband processing unit, extension unit, or remote radio unit, and the specific implementation method is configured according to the system architecture.

[0075] In the aforementioned cooperative transmission processing, the first downlink signal identification method and the second downlink signal identification method can be enabled independently or collaboratively according to the identification strategy. When both are enabled collaboratively, the network side first performs rapid identification and screening of a large number of remote radio units based on the first downlink signal identification method to form a candidate cooperative set, and then obtains the accurate channel state information of the candidate remote radio units based on the second downlink signal identification method, thereby realizing hierarchical channel awareness and cooperative transmission parameter calculation.

[0076] The following is an example of... Figure 7 The specific embodiments shown illustrate how multiple base stations, based on the aforementioned identification and measurement results of radio frequency remote units (RF remote units), construct and utilize a channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple RF remote units to achieve collaborative transmission scheduling of multiple RF remote units for a single terminal. The collaborative transmission methods include distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission and cooperative beamforming or transmit diversity transmission.

[0077] In this embodiment, the channel association relationship is maintained by the baseband processing unit in the form of a dynamic data structure, used to characterize the channel association between a specific terminal and multiple measurable remote radio units within the same cell. The process of constructing, updating, and determining the channel association relationship includes the following:

[0078] The channel association data structure is used at least to record the measurement results and association status between the terminal and each radio frequency remote unit, and is essentially a record for association management. For ease of operation, it can be represented as a channel association map.

[0079] Table 2. Channel Correlation Map Schematic Table

[0080] As shown in Table 2, the core fields included in this data structure may include, but are not limited to: radio frequency remote unit identifier, used to uniquely identify the radio frequency remote unit participating in the association; signal strength parameter, used to characterize the received power level of the downlink reference signal or positioning reference signal received by the terminal; channel quality parameter, used to characterize the channel conditions between the terminal and the corresponding radio frequency remote unit; measurement time information, used to indicate the time point or time window corresponding to the measurement result; association status identifier, used to indicate the association level or validity status between the radio frequency remote unit and the terminal.

[0081] In this embodiment, the data in the channel association data structure originates from the terminal's periodic or event-triggered measurement reports of the downlink reference signal. The downlink reference signal may include a reference signal based on silent CSI-RS, and / or a CSI-RS reference signal based on TCI-State binding.

[0082] The measurement information reported by the terminal includes at least the received signal strength (RSRP) of the downlink reference signal for each target, and may also include more detailed channel state information (CSI) if the terminal capability supports it, such as channel quality indication (CQI), precoding matrix indication (PMI), and signal-to-noise ratio information related to layer indication.

[0083] To ensure the timeliness and accuracy of channel correlation relationships, the network side employs one or more of the following update mechanisms to maintain the channel correlation relationship data structure: periodic update mechanism or event-triggered update mechanism. The network side configures the terminal with periodic CSI measurements and reporting via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, for example, with a measurement period of 20ms, enabling the network side to periodically refresh the channel correlation relationships between the terminal and each remote radio unit (RFU). When the terminal measures that the RSRP change corresponding to a certain RNU exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., ±3 dB), or detects a new RNU with a strong signal strength, the terminal triggers non-periodic measurement reporting, allowing the network side to perform event-driven rapid updates to the channel correlation relationships.

[0084] The network side determines the association between the remote radio unit and the terminal based on the measurement results reported by the terminal. In one implementation, the network side classifies the remote radio units according to the combination of RSRP and SINR as follows: When RSRP is simultaneously greater than a preset strong correlation threshold (e.g., > Radio frequency remote units with a SINR greater than a preset threshold (e.g., >10 dBm) and a channel quality index (SINR) greater than 90 dBm are considered strongly correlated radio frequency remote units. Strongly correlated radio frequency remote units have better channel quality and can be used as the main data stream transmitting node in distributed MIMO cooperative transmission.

[0085] When RSRP is greater than the preset weak association threshold (e.g., > Radio remote units with a channel quality of 100 dBm and a SINR less than or equal to a preset threshold, or an RSRP between a strong correlation threshold and a weak correlation threshold, are considered weakly correlated but usable radio remote units. The channel quality of such radio remote units is insufficient to independently carry high-speed data streams, but they can participate in cooperative beamforming to enhance the signal strength received by the terminal.

[0086] If the RSRP is less than the preset weak association threshold, the radio remote unit is an unassociated radio remote unit and does not participate in the current terminal's cooperative transmission.

[0087] After determining the association of the remote radio units, the base station scheduler performs a cooperative transmission decision based on the channel association data structure. This decision-making process can be viewed as a multi-input optimization process, with inputs including at least the RSRP, SINR, and optional CSI information for each remote radio unit.

[0088] When multiple radio remote units (RF units) are determined to be strongly correlated in the channel association data structure, the network side triggers distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cooperative transmission. In one implementation, the network side first filters candidate RF units based on absolute thresholds of RSRP and SINR, and then selects the k RF units with the best channel conditions from among the candidate RF units according to their relative channel quality as cooperative transmission nodes.

[0089] When the conditions are met, the baseband processing unit performs joint precoding calculations based on the CSI reported by each selected radio remote unit and distributes different data streams to the corresponding radio remote units to achieve spatial multiplexing transmission for a single terminal.

[0090] When the channel correlation data structure mainly contains radio remote units that are determined to be weakly correlated but usable, the network side triggers cooperative beamforming transmission. Such radio remote units typically exhibit acceptable RSRP but low SINR, and have usable signals but are affected by interference or path loss.

[0091] In one implementation, the baseband processing unit obtains the corresponding channel vector hi based on the CSI reported by the selected m remote radio units, and calculates the beamforming weight vector of each remote radio unit based on the Maximum Ratio Transmission (MRT) algorithm. The beamforming weight vector wi of each remote radio unit is proportional to the conjugate of its channel vector, i.e.: wi = α * hi^H Here, α is the power normalization factor, ensuring that the total transmit power of the system remains constant. Through the above beamforming weight design, the signals transmitted by each RF remote unit are coherently superimposed with phase alignment at the terminal side, effectively converging the transmit power to the target terminal, improving the received signal strength and combating path loss and interference.

[0092] The multi-radio remote unit cooperative transmission mode for a single terminal is not statically configured, but dynamically and adaptively switched according to changes in terminal mobility, channel conditions, and service requirements. The switching criteria are more comprehensive than the initial cooperative mode selection, specifically including the following scenarios: (1) Cooperative mode switching triggered by changes in channel conditions In one implementation, when the network side is using a distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mode for cooperative transmission, if the number of strongly correlated radio remote units (RF units) in the channel association data structure decreases due to terminal movement or changes in the wireless environment, and only one RF unit remains that meets the strong correlation condition, the network side automatically switches to the cooperative transmission mode. After the switch, the strongly correlated RF unit serves as the primary transmitting node, and the other RF units that are still available serve as auxiliary nodes. Cooperative beamforming is used to transmit data to the terminal, maintaining connection reliability.

[0093] In another implementation, if the terminal moves to a good coverage area of ​​a certain radio remote unit, causing all other radio remote units except that radio remote unit to be determined to be in an unassociated state, the network side terminates the cooperative transmission and reverts to the downlink transmission mode based on a single radio remote unit, thereby reducing system resource consumption.

[0094] (2) Collaboration mode switching triggered by changes in business needs In a further implementation, the cooperative transmission mode can also be adjusted according to changes in the terminal's current service type. For example, when the terminal was originally in cooperative beamforming transmission mode and the service it was carrying was switched from voice service to large data download service, after the network side updated the channel correlation data structure, if it detected that multiple radio remote units simultaneously met the distributed multiple-input multiple-output transmission conditions, the scheduler would actively switch to the cooperative transmission mode and use a distributed multiple-input multiple-output method to transmit data to the terminal, thereby improving service throughput.

[0095] Furthermore, measurement mechanisms for collaborative transmission channel awareness can be used independently or in combination. The network side can employ measurement mechanisms based on CSI-RS identifiers or measurement mechanisms based on TCI-State binding to measure the channel conditions between the terminal and multiple remote radio units, respectively; when necessary, the two measurement mechanisms can also be used in combination.

[0096] When used in a coordinated manner, different measurement mechanisms play complementary roles at different stages of coordinated transmission and under different granularity requirements. The measurement mechanism based on CSI-RS identification is used to quickly identify and filter the signal strength of the radio remote units that can be perceived around the terminal, thereby forming a set of candidate radio remote units; the measurement mechanism based on TCI-State binding is used to perform fine-grained channel measurement on the candidate radio remote units to obtain accurate channel state information between the terminal and each candidate radio remote unit.

[0097] Through the aforementioned layered measurement and collaborative usage methods, the network side can gradually improve the perception accuracy of the channel status between the terminal and multiple remote radio units while ensuring that the measurement overhead is controllable, thus providing a reliable basis for collaborative transmission mode selection, transmission parameter calculation, and dynamic mode switching.

[0098] In this embodiment, the base station employs a hierarchical measurement and coordinated control approach to sense the channel state between the terminal and multiple remote radio units, and executes coordinated transmission decisions accordingly. The coordinated workflow includes the following stages: After the terminal connects, the network side immediately initiates a measurement mechanism based on the CSI-RS identifier, instructing the terminal to measure the configured downlink CSI-RS resources.

[0099] After the terminal completes the measurement and reports the measurement results, the base station constructs a preliminary association data structure between the terminal and multiple radio remote units based on the information reported by the terminal. The association data structure includes at least the identification information of each radio remote unit and its corresponding received signal strength (RSRP).

[0100] Based on the preliminary association data structure, the base station scheduler quickly filters the radio remote units around the terminal to form a candidate set of cooperative radio remote units. For example, the scheduler can select several radio remote units with high RSRP values ​​as the candidate set.

[0101] After screening the candidate cooperative remote unit set, the network side enables a measurement mechanism based on TCI-State binding for the candidate set. Specifically, the network side configures a corresponding transmission configuration indication state for the candidate remote units and instructs the terminal to perform fine-grained measurements on the NZP CSI-RS transmitted by the candidate remote units under the specified TCI-State. The terminal obtains complete channel state information (CSI) and reports it to the network side.

[0102] Based on refined CSI measurement results, the base station scheduler performs cooperative transmission decisions, including determining whether to trigger distributed multiple-input multiple-output transmission or cooperative beamforming transmission, determining the number and specific combination of radio remote units participating in the cooperation, and calculating the corresponding precoding matrix or beamforming weights.

[0103] During cooperative transmission, the network continuously performs background measurements using a CSI-RS-based measurement mechanism to monitor changes in the channel environment of the surrounding remote radio units (RF units) with low measurement overhead. When background measurement results indicate a significant increase in the signal of an RF unit outside the candidate set, or a significant decrease in the signal of an RF unit within the current candidate set, the network triggers refined measurements for the new RF unit combination. Based on this, the base station dynamically updates the candidate cooperative RF unit set and cooperative transmission strategy, thereby achieving adaptive adjustment of the cooperative transmission mode.

[0104] Furthermore, this system can completely eliminate the need for a remote radio unit (RFU) identification mechanism in the downlink direction, relying solely on uplink probe reference signals or uplink positioning reference signals sent by the terminal for RFU identification. Specifically, the terminal periodically or on demand sends uplink probe reference signals or uplink positioning reference signals. Each RFU receives the uplink signal and independently measures its signal strength, angle of arrival, or time of arrival, reporting the corresponding measurement results to the baseband processing unit. Based on the uplink measurement results from multiple RFUs, the baseband processing unit infers the spatial location of the terminal's primary serving RFU or the terminal itself through comparative analysis. This approach requires no modifications to the downlink signal design, achieving RFU-level identification within the existing downlink protocol framework. However, the identification accuracy and real-time performance of this method heavily depend on the uplink scheduling mechanism and are difficult to support functions that can be completed solely based on downlink measurements, such as RFU selection during the initial access phase. Additionally, before the extension unit merges the uplink signals, an independent uplink processing path needs to be reserved for each RFU, increasing the system's implementation complexity.

[0105] In another alternative implementation, in areas where RF remote units (RRUs) are sparsely deployed, the system still uses a coarse-grained method of identifying RRUs using a synchronization signal block index. Simultaneously, the network side pre-configures multiple geographically adjacent RRUs into a cooperative group or cluster. During cooperative transmission, the network side no longer schedules based on a real-time constructed precise channel correlation map, but directly uses all RRUs within the cooperative cluster to provide macro diversity or fixed cooperative beamforming gain for the terminals within the cluster. The control logic is relatively simple, with low signaling overhead, making it suitable for scenarios with low system complexity requirements. However, since cooperative transmission is not based on precise channel state information between the terminal and each RRU, dynamic and optimal cooperative scheduling is difficult to achieve, limiting performance improvement potential. Furthermore, in actual deployments, the fixed cooperative group configuration may introduce additional interference due to unreasonable grouping, reducing overall system performance.

[0106] In a further optional implementation, the system identifies remote radio units (RF units) based on wireless environment fingerprints. Specifically, after network deployment, wireless signal characteristics at different geographical locations are pre-collected through driver testing or simulation to construct a wireless environment fingerprint database. The wireless environment fingerprint includes signal strength characteristics of synchronization signal blocks or channel state information reference signals from multiple RF units. After the terminal goes online, it reports its real-time measured wireless signal characteristics. The network side uses fingerprint matching algorithms, such as nearest neighbor matching, to compare the real-time measurement results with the pre-established fingerprint database to estimate the RF unit to which the terminal belongs or its location. This approach, to a certain extent, does not rely on a specific reference signal design, but significant time and cost are invested in offline fingerprint collection and database construction during the system deployment phase. Furthermore, changes in the wireless environment, such as changes in indoor layout or pedestrian flow, can easily lead to fingerprint failure, resulting in high subsequent maintenance costs. In addition, this method is primarily an application layer or system layer implementation scheme and is difficult to use as a general solution for the physical layer or protocol layer.

[0107] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a system for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station, comprising the steps of performing any of the above-described methods for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station, including: The network-side device determines the downlink signal identification strategy based on the deployment scenario of the radio frequency remote unit, the protocol support capability of the terminal, and the target performance requirements. The identification strategy is used to indicate the identification method of the downlink signal. The identification method includes differentiation based on downlink reference signal resources, differentiation based on downlink transmission beam and transmission configuration status, and / or differentiation based on downlink positioning reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on time scanning and beam scanning. According to the identification strategy, different radio frequency remote units are configured with distinguishable downlink reference signals or downlink reference signal transmission characteristics; The system receives measurement results reported by the terminal and, based on these results, determines the association between the terminal and multiple remote radio units and identifies downlink signals from multiple remote radio units within the same cell. The terminal-side device measures downlink reference signals from different radio frequency remote units according to the configuration signaling of the network-side device, and reports the measurement results to the network-side device.

[0108] This invention provides a method and system for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple Remote Radio Units (RRUs) in extended base stations. It introduces a dynamically adjusted identification strategy on the network side based on deployment scenarios, terminal capabilities, and performance requirements. Based on downlink reference signal resources, downlink transmission beams, and transmission configuration status, it employs multiple downlink signal identification methods, including differentiation based on downlink positioning reference signal resources, and time and beam scanning, effectively solving the problem of difficulty in distinguishing downlink signals from multiple RRUs within the same cell in extended base stations. Based on terminal measurement results, it constructs the association between the terminal and multiple RRUs, enabling the network to simultaneously support multi-RRU positioning enhancement and collaborative transmission enhancement, improving positioning accuracy while achieving collaborative transmission capabilities for single terminals. This invention possesses good flexibility and deployment friendliness, reusing existing reference signals and beam management mechanisms while remaining compatible with existing protocol frameworks. Functional enhancements are mainly achieved through network-side configuration and processing, resulting in low implementation costs and strong engineering feasibility.

[0109] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer device, comprising: a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores a computer program adapted to be loaded by the processor and executed the steps of the above-described method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station.

[0110] The processing methods for computer devices can be referred to the description of the methods above, and will not be repeated here.

[0111] This application also provides a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium storing an executable program, which, when run by a microprocessor, causes the processor to execute the method provided in the above embodiments.

[0112] This invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for electronic data interchange, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the described methods.

[0113] This invention discloses a computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program operable to cause a computer to perform the described method.

[0114] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0115] Through the detailed description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, including read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM), electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, disk storage, magnetic tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store data.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments disclosed in this invention are merely preferred embodiments of this invention and are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this invention, not to limit it. Although this invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in extended base stations, characterized in that, The method, applied to an extended base station system comprising multiple radio frequency remote units, includes: The network side determines the identification strategy based on the deployment scenario of the radio remote unit, the protocol support capability of the terminal, and the target performance requirements. The identification strategy is used to determine the identification method of the downlink signal. The identification method of the downlink signal includes: differentiation based on downlink reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on downlink transmit beam and transmission configuration status, and / or differentiation based on downlink positioning reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on time scanning and beam scanning. According to the identification strategy, different radio frequency remote units are configured with distinguishable downlink reference signals or downlink reference signal transmission characteristics; The terminal measures the downlink reference signal from the different radio frequency remote units and reports the measurement results; Based on the measurement results, the network side determines the association between the terminal and the multiple radio frequency remote units and identifies the downlink signals of the multiple radio frequency remote units.

2. The method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the aforementioned association, the network side constructs a channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple remote radio units; Based on the channel association data structure, a collaborative enhancement operation is performed, which includes terminal positioning enhancement and / or terminal-oriented multi-RF remote unit collaborative transmission enhancement.

3. The method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determine the identification strategy, including: When the deployment density of radio frequency remote units exceeds a preset threshold or the number of terminals exceeds a preset scale, the first downlink signal identification method is used to initially screen the radio frequency remote units sensed by the terminals and form a candidate radio frequency remote unit set. When the candidate radio remote unit set meets the requirements for cooperative transmission or high-precision positioning, a second downlink signal identification method is enabled for the candidate radio remote unit set.

4. The method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first downlink signal identification method is a downlink reference signal resource differentiation identification method, including: Configure downlink reference signal resources that are distinct from each other in the time domain, frequency domain and / or code domain for different radio frequency remote units; Control different radio frequency remote units to transmit downlink reference signals of preset power at their respective corresponding downlink reference signal resource locations; The terminal measures the downlink reference signal and reports the measurement results. Based on the correspondence between the downlink reference signal resources and the radio frequency remote unit, the network side initially distinguishes the radio frequency remote unit.

5. The method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second downlink signal identification method is based on the distinction between downlink transmission beam and transmission configuration status, including: The downlink transmission beams of different radio frequency remote units are respectively bound to different transmission configuration indication states, and the transmission configuration indication states are switched in different time units; The terminal measures the same reference signal under each of the aforementioned transmission configuration indication states and reports the measurement results; The network side distinguishes radio frequency remote units based on the binding relationship between the transmission configuration indication status and the radio frequency remote unit.

6. The method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the downlink signal identification method uses downlink positioning reference signal resources, it also includes: A location identification identifier is configured for each different radio frequency remote unit, wherein the location identification identifier is a composite identifier, and the composite identifier includes at least a cell identifier and a radio frequency remote unit identifier used to distinguish different radio frequency remote units within the same cell; The composite identifier is associated with a downlink positioning reference signal resource dedicated to the corresponding radio frequency remote unit, and the terminal is notified via positioning signaling; the downlink positioning reference signal resource is distinguished by transmission time, frequency position and / or code sequence. Based on the positioning signaling configuration, the terminal measures the arrival time and / or received strength of downlink positioning reference signals from different radio frequency remote units, and reports the measurement results. The network side identifies the corresponding radio remote unit based on the composite identifier and performs positioning enhancement based on the arrival time and / or reception strength.

7. The method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The downlink signal identification method is based on time scanning and beam scanning: Different radio frequency remote units are scheduled to send downlink reference signals in turn within different time units. The network side maintains the correspondence between the transmission time or transmission beam and the radio frequency remote unit, and identifies the radio frequency remote unit and performs positioning enhancement based on the measurement results reported by the terminal.

8. The method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The channel association data structure includes at least one or more of the following: Radio frequency remote unit identifier, received signal strength parameters, channel quality parameters, signal arrival time or delay parameters, and measurement time information; The signal arrival time or delay parameter is obtained by the terminal measuring the downlink reference signal, which includes a downlink positioning reference signal and / or a downlink channel state reference signal under protocol enhancement conditions; The network side maintains the channel association data structure using periodic updates and / or event-triggered updates.

9. The method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cooperative transmission enhancement operation includes: The network side forms a set of candidate radio remote units for the terminal based on the channel association data structure between the terminal and multiple radio remote units, and sorts the candidate radio remote units based on the received signal strength parameters and / or channel quality parameters. When the number of radio remote units that meet the spatial multiplexing condition in the candidate radio remote unit set is not less than a preset number, the multiple radio remote units that meet the spatial multiplexing condition are scheduled to transmit multiple data streams to the terminal in a distributed multiple input multiple output manner. When the spatial reuse condition is not met in the candidate radio remote unit set, at least two radio remote units with the highest correlation are selected from the candidate radio remote unit set, and data is transmitted to the terminal using cooperative beamforming or transmit diversity.

10. A system for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station, characterized in that, The steps of implementing the method for accurate identification and collaborative enhancement of multiple RRUs in an extended base station as described in any one of claims 1-9 include: The network-side device determines a downlink signal identification strategy based on the deployment scenario of the radio frequency remote unit, the protocol support capability of the terminal, and the target performance requirements. The identification strategy is used to indicate the identification method of the downlink signal. The identification method includes differentiation based on downlink reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on downlink transmit beam and transmission configuration status, and / or differentiation based on downlink positioning reference signal resources, and / or differentiation based on time scanning and beam scanning. According to the identification strategy, different radio frequency remote units are configured with distinguishable downlink reference signals or downlink reference signal transmission characteristics; The system receives measurement results reported by the terminal and, based on these results, determines the association between the terminal and multiple radio frequency remote units and identifies downlink signals from the multiple radio frequency remote units. The terminal-side device measures downlink reference signals from different radio frequency remote units according to the configuration signaling of the network-side device, and reports the measurement results to the network-side device.

Images