A combined gas detection device and its detection method

Abstract

This invention discloses a combined gas detection device and its detection method, belonging to the field of air pollution detection technology. It includes a mounting base, with an intake cylinder fixedly connected inside the mounting base. A filter element is fixedly connected inside the intake cylinder, and two filter elements are arranged in a linear array on the upper and lower sides of the intake cylinder. A servo motor is fixedly connected to the top of the upper filter element. This invention achieves automatic sensing and response to blockage of the active intake port by setting an electromagnetic guide ring, a pressure-sensitive washer, and a guide magnetic ring on the top surface of the extension sleeve, and by opening an auxiliary intake hole on the outer circumference of the extension sleeve. When the pressure-sensitive washer detects an abnormal pressure due to blockage, the electromagnetic guide ring is energized to generate magnetism and drive the extension sleeve to extend downwards, exposing the originally hidden auxiliary intake hole to the external environment, thereby automatically switching or expanding the gas intake channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air pollution detection technology, and in particular to a combined gas detection device and its detection method. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and the continuous expansion of urbanization, air pollution has become increasingly serious. In particular, during emergencies such as fires, chemical leaks, and industrial waste gas emissions, large amounts of toxic and harmful gases and fine particulate matter can rapidly accumulate in the air. Common toxic gases include carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, phosgene, and volatile organic compounds. Once these gases are inhaled, they can cause respiratory damage, nervous system poisoning, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or even death. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of smoke and harmful gases in the air has become one of the key technologies for ensuring public safety and human health. Existing gas detection devices still have significant shortcomings in practical use. Their air inlets are usually located in specific positions on the outer casing of the device. During long-term use, impurities such as dust, fibers, and oil mist in the air can easily accumulate at the air inlet, causing partial or complete blockage. Once the air inlet is blocked, gas cannot enter the detection unit smoothly, which will not only significantly reduce the detection sensitivity but may even cause the detection to fail, making it impossible to detect harmful smoke or polluting gases in the air in a timely manner. Especially in the early stages of a fire or chemical leak, the detection delay may lead to serious consequences. In addition, most existing devices rely on a single air inlet channel and lack an emergency mechanism to automatically deal with air inlet blockage, and cannot promptly remind users to clean or maintain the device when blockage occurs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that in the early stages of a fire or chemical leak, delayed detection can lead to serious consequences. Furthermore, most existing devices rely on a single air intake channel and lack an emergency mechanism to automatically respond to air intake blockages. They also fail to promptly alert users to clean or maintain the device when blockages occur. Therefore, this invention proposes a combined gas detection device and its detection method.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A combined gas detection device and its detection method include a mounting base and a guide plate. An intake cylinder is fixedly connected inside the mounting base. Two filter elements are fixedly connected inside the intake cylinder, arranged in a linear array on the upper and lower sides of the intake cylinder. A servo motor is fixedly connected to the top of the upper filter element, and an intake fan blade is mounted on the bottom output shaft of the servo motor. A detection unit for detecting smoke gas is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base. An installation sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting base, and an extension sleeve is inserted into the installation sleeve. Four guide blocks are fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the extension sleeve, arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the extension sleeve. Each guide block has a screw hole inside, and a fixing bolt is screwed into the screw hole.

[0005] Preferably, there are two guide top plates, which are fixedly disposed opposite to each other on the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring. Each guide top plate has a through hole inside, and a suspension guide rod is installed inside the through hole. The main body of the suspension guide rod is a cylindrical structure. There are two suspension guide rods, and a limiting top plate is fixedly connected to the top surface of each suspension guide rod. The main body of the limiting top plate is a disc-shaped structure, and the diameter of the limiting top plate is larger than the diameter of the suspension guide rod. An electromagnetic guide ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension sleeve. The electromagnetic guide ring has an annular structure, and an electromagnet is fixedly disposed inside the electromagnetic guide ring. A pressure-sensitive washer is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the electromagnetic guide ring, and a guide top plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring.

[0006] Preferably, a return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the limiting top plate, and the side of the return spring away from the limiting top plate is fixedly set at the top of the guide top plate. An expansion sleeve is inserted into the inside of the extension sleeve. The expansion sleeve is a cylindrical structure with bidirectional through-tube design on both the upper and lower sides, and the expansion sleeve is connected to the extension sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, a guide magnetic ring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the extension sleeve. The guide magnetic ring is matched with the electromagnetic guide ring. The reset spring is used to pull the extension sleeve to move towards the side closer to the extension sleeve. When the electromagnetic guide ring is energized and generates magnetism, the extension sleeve moves away from the extension sleeve due to the magnetic repulsion between the guide magnetic ring fixedly connected to its top surface and the electromagnetic guide ring.

[0008] Preferably, a mounting base plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion sleeve. There are two mounting base plates, which are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the expansion sleeve. The top end of the mounting base plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the suspension guide rod. Six auxiliary suction holes are arranged in a ring array on the outer circumference of the expansion sleeve. All six auxiliary suction holes are connected to the extension sleeve through the expansion sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a suction housing is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the extension sleeve. The suction housing has an internal hollow structure. A buzzer is fixedly connected to the center position of the bottom end face of the suction housing. A warning light is also fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the suction housing.

[0010] Preferably, the buzzer has a ring structure, and the warning light is located inside the buzzer. The bottom of the outer peripheral surface of the suction housing has an inclined surface structure. Active suction holes are arranged in a ring array on the inclined surface. The active suction holes are connected to the mounting sleeve and the detection unit in the mounting base through the expansion sleeve, the extension sleeve and the mounting base.

[0011] Preferably, the active suction port is always exposed, and when the expansion sleeve is inserted into the extension sleeve, the auxiliary suction port is hidden inside the extension sleeve. The pressure-sensitive gasket is under excessive pressure from the expansion sleeve and the guide magnetic ring, i.e., the active suction port is closed. The electromagnetic guide ring is energized to generate magnetism and magnetically repels the expansion sleeve downwards. At this time, the active suction port is exposed outside the extension sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, six fixing sleeves are fixedly arranged in a ring array on the top surface of the mounting base. The fixing sleeves have positioning holes inside, and the inner wall of the mounting sleeves has guide grooves that match the guide blocks. The guide grooves have mounting holes that match the fixing bolts inside.

[0013] This invention discloses a detection method for a combined gas detection device, comprising the following steps: S1. The device is fixed to the installation position of the area to be tested by the fixing sleeve at the top of the mounting base and the positioning hole inside it. The mounting base is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the mounting base. An extension sleeve is inserted into the inside of the mounting sleeve. The extension sleeve slides with the guide groove opened in the inner wall of the mounting sleeve through four guide blocks arranged in a ring array on its outer circumference. The fixing bolts screwed in the screw holes inside the guide blocks are locked and positioned with the mounting holes opened in the guide groove. S2. Start the servo motor located at the top of the filter screen inside the upper side of the suction cylinder. The servo motor drives the suction fan blade installed on its bottom output shaft to rotate. The rotation of the suction fan blade generates negative pressure suction. This negative pressure suction passes through the active suction hole, expansion sleeve, extension sleeve, installation sleeve and suction cylinder in a ring array on the bottom inclined surface of the outer peripheral surface of the suction housing in sequence, and draws the gas in the external environment to the detection unit fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base. The detection unit detects the smoke and harmful gas components in the gas. Two filter screens fixedly set in a linear array on the upper and lower sides inside the suction cylinder filter the particulate matter in the gas. S3. When the active suction port is blocked, the suction fan blades continue to run, causing the negative pressure inside the suction housing and the extension sleeve and extension tube that are connected to it to increase. This negative pressure change is transmitted to the pressure-sensitive washer fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the electromagnetic guide ring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension sleeve. The pressure-sensitive washer senses the pressure abnormality and generates an electrical signal. This electrical signal triggers the electromagnet fixedly installed inside the electromagnetic guide ring to be energized and generate magnetism. S4. After the electromagnetic guide ring is energized and generates magnetism, a magnetic repulsive force is generated between it and the guide magnetic ring fixedly connected to the top surface of the extension sleeve. This repulsive force overcomes the tension of the reset spring fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the limiting top plate, and pushes the extension sleeve to move away from the extension sleeve along the axis of the suspension guide rod. The two suspension guide rods are respectively installed in the through holes opened in the guide top plates fixedly set in opposite directions on the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring. The top surface of the two suspension guide rods is fixedly connected to the limiting top plate. When the extension sleeve moves, the top of the two mounting base plates fixedly set in a symmetrical shape on its inner wall is fixedly connected to the bottom of the suspension guide rod. S5. As the expansion sleeve extends downward, the six auxiliary suction holes arranged in a ring array on the outer circumference of the expansion sleeve, which were originally hidden inside the extension sleeve when the expansion sleeve was inserted into the extension sleeve, are exposed outside the extension sleeve. External gas enters the expansion sleeve through the active suction hole and the exposed auxiliary suction hole at the same time, and then passes through the extension sleeve, the installation sleeve and the suction cylinder to reach the detection unit. S6. When the pressure sensed by the pressure-sensitive gasket returns to normal, the electromagnetic guide ring is de-energized and demagnetized. The magnetic repulsion between the electromagnetic guide ring and the guide magnetic ring disappears. The reset spring pulls the extension sleeve and the suction housing fixedly connected to its bottom end face back to the initial position through the limiting top plate and the suspension guide rod. The auxiliary suction hole is hidden inside the extension sleeve again. S7. When the detection unit detects that the concentration of harmful gas or smoke exceeds the set threshold, the detection unit outputs an electrical signal to the buzzer fixedly connected to the center position on the bottom end face of the suction housing and the warning light fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the suction housing. The buzzer emits an audible alarm signal and the warning light emits a visual alarm signal.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, by setting an electromagnetic guide ring, a pressure-sensitive washer, and a guide magnetic ring on the top surface of the extension sleeve on the inner wall of the extension sleeve, and opening an auxiliary suction hole on the outer circumferential surface of the extension sleeve, the automatic sensing and response to the blockage state of the active suction hole is realized. When the pressure-sensitive washer detects the pressure abnormality caused by the blockage, the electromagnetic guide ring is energized to generate magnetism and drive the extension sleeve to extend downward, exposing the originally hidden auxiliary suction hole to the external environment, thereby automatically switching or expanding the gas suction channel. This solves the technical problem of existing devices where gas cannot smoothly enter the detection unit due to blockage of the air inlet, resulting in decreased detection sensitivity or even detection failure. It avoids serious consequences caused by detection delay in the early stages of a fire or chemical leak.

[0015] 2. In this invention, by setting a reset spring, a suspension guide rod and a limiting top plate, the automatic reset function of the expansion sleeve after the blockage is cleared is realized, so that the device can be reused without manual intervention. This solves the technical problem that existing devices still require manual restoration of the air intake structure after the blockage is cleared and the maintenance operation is cumbersome.

[0016] 3. In this invention, by simultaneously installing a buzzer and a warning light on the inhalation housing, an audible and visual alarm signal is issued in sync when the detection unit detects harmful gas. This solves the problem that existing devices cannot promptly and effectively remind users to clean or maintain the device after detecting harmful gas, and improves the device's early warning capability and reliability in the event of an emergency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional front view of the combined gas detection device and detection method proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the combined gas detection device and detection method proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation sleeve structure of a combined gas detection device and its detection method proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the extension sleeve and guide block of the combined gas detection device and detection method proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the expansion sleeve and auxiliary suction port of the combined gas detection device and detection method proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of a combined gas detection device and its detection method proposed in this invention; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled axial side view of the combined gas detection device and detection method proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This invention proposes a combined gas detection device and its detection method. Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 101. Fixing sleeve; 1011. Positioning hole; 1012. Suction cylinder; 1013. Filter screen; 1014. Servo motor; 1015. Suction fan blade; 1016. Detection unit; 2. Mounting sleeve; 201. Guide groove; 2011. Mounting hole; 3. Extension sleeve; 301. Guide block; 3011. Fixing bolt; 3012. Electromagnetic guide ring; 3013. Pressure-sensitive washer; 3014. Guide top plate; 3015. Suspension guide rod; 3016. Limiting top plate; 3017. Return spring; 4. Expansion sleeve; 401. Guide magnetic ring; 4011. Mounting base plate; 4012. Auxiliary suction hole; 5. Suction housing; 501. Buzzer; 5011. Warning light; 5012. Active suction hole. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example, refer to Figure 1 - Figure 8A combined gas detection device and its detection method include a mounting base 1 and a guide plate 3014. An intake cylinder 1012 is fixedly connected inside the mounting base 1. Filter elements 1013 are fixedly connected inside the intake cylinder 1012. Two filter elements 1013 are arranged in a linear array on the upper and lower sides inside the intake cylinder 1012. A servo motor 1014 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper filter element 1013. An intake fan blade 1015 is mounted on the bottom output shaft of the servo motor 1014. A detection unit 1016 for detecting smoke gas is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base 1. The bottom of the mounting base 1... An installation sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to the end face, and an extension sleeve 3 is inserted into the inside of the installation sleeve 2. A guide block 301 is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the extension sleeve 3. There are four guide blocks 301 arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the extension sleeve 3. Each guide block 301 has a screw hole inside, and a fixing bolt 3011 is screwed into the screw hole. Two guide top plates 3014 are provided, and the two guide top plates 3014 are fixedly arranged opposite each other on the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring 3012. Each guide top plate 3014 has a through hole inside, and a suspension guide rod 3015 is installed inside the through hole. The main body of the suspension guide rod 3015 is a cylindrical structure. The structure includes two suspension guide rods 3015, each with a limiting top plate 3016 fixedly connected to its top surface. The limiting top plate 3016 has a disc-shaped structure, and its diameter is larger than that of the suspension guide rod 3015. An electromagnetic guide ring 3012 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension sleeve 3. The electromagnetic guide ring 3012 has a ring structure, and an electromagnet is fixedly installed inside it. A pressure-sensitive washer 3013 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the electromagnetic guide ring 3012, and a guide top plate 3014 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring 3012. This achieves preliminary filtration of particulate matter in the inhaled gas, and the filtration is further controlled by a servo motor 1. 014 and the suction fan blade 1015 provide active suction power, while the detection unit 1016 detects the smoke gas. The combination and length adjustment functions of the device are realized through the insertion structure of the extension sleeve 3 and the installation sleeve 2, which solves the problem of the fixed air intake structure of the traditional device and its difficulty in adapting to different installation environments. A return spring 3017 is fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the limiting top plate 3016. The side of the return spring 3017 away from the limiting top plate 3016 is fixedly set at the top of the guide top plate 3014. An expansion sleeve 4 is inserted into the inside of the extension sleeve 3. The expansion sleeve 4 is a circular tube structure design that runs through both the upper and lower sides. The expansion sleeve 4 and the extension sleeve 3 are connected.

[0021] Furthermore, a guide magnetic ring 401 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the expansion sleeve 4. The guide magnetic ring 401 matches the electromagnetic guide ring 3012. The return spring 3017 is used to pull the expansion sleeve 4 towards the side closer to the extension sleeve 3. When the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 is energized and generates magnetism, the expansion sleeve 4 moves away from the extension sleeve 3 due to the magnetic repulsion between the guide magnetic ring 401 fixedly connected to its top surface and the electromagnetic guide ring 3012. A mounting base plate 4011 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion sleeve 4. There are two mounting base plates 4011, which are symmetrically fixed on the inner wall of the expansion sleeve 4. The top of the mounting base plate 4011 is connected to the suspension guide rod 3015. The bottom end is fixedly connected, and auxiliary suction holes 4012 are arranged in a ring array on the outer circumference of the expansion sleeve 4. There are six auxiliary suction holes 4012 in total. All six auxiliary suction holes 4012 are connected to the extension sleeve 3 through the expansion sleeve 4, realizing the guiding and limiting function of the expansion sleeve 4. The electromagnetic guide ring 3012 uses an electromagnet built in it to generate controllable magnetic force, and the pressure change is sensed by the pressure-sensitive washer 3013, which solves the problem that traditional devices cannot respond automatically when the air inlet is blocked. The suction shell 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the expansion sleeve 4. The suction shell 5 has an internal hollow structure. A buzzer 501 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom end of the suction shell 5. A warning light 5011 is also fixedly connected to the bottom end of the suction shell 5.

[0022] Furthermore, the buzzer 501 has a ring structure, and the warning light 5011 is located inside the buzzer 501. The bottom of the outer peripheral surface of the suction housing 5 is an inclined surface structure, and active suction holes 5012 are arranged in a ring array on the inclined surface. The active suction holes 5012 are connected to the mounting sleeve 2 and the detection unit 1016 in the mounting base 1 through the expansion sleeve 4, the extension sleeve 3, and the extension sleeve 4. The active suction holes 5012 are always exposed. When the expansion sleeve 4 is inserted into the extension sleeve 3, the auxiliary suction holes 4012 are hidden inside the extension sleeve 3. The pressure-sensitive gasket 3013 is under the pressure of the expansion sleeve 4 and the guide magnetic ring 401, that is, the active suction holes 5012 are closed. When the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 is energized and generates magnetism, it magnetically repels the extension sleeve 4 to the lower side. At this time, the active suction hole 5012 is exposed outside the extension sleeve 3, realizing the extension and retraction reset function of the extension sleeve 4 inside the extension sleeve 3. The return spring 3017 provides the return force, which solves the problem of the device occupying a large space and being difficult to store when not in operation. Six fixed sleeves 101 are fixedly arranged in a ring array on the top surface of the mounting base 1. The fixed sleeve 101 has a positioning hole 1011 inside. The inner wall of the mounting sleeve 2 has a guide groove 201 that matches the guide plug 301. The guide groove 201 has a mounting hole 2011 that matches the fixing bolt 3011 inside.

[0023] This invention discloses a detection method for a combined gas detection device, comprising the following steps: S1. The device is fixed to the installation position of the area to be tested by the fixing sleeve 101 at the top of the mounting base 1 and the positioning hole 1011 inside it. The mounting base 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the mounting sleeve 2. The extension sleeve 3 is inserted into the inside of the mounting sleeve 2. The extension sleeve 3 slides with the guide groove 201 opened in the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 2 through four guide blocks 301 arranged in a ring on its outer circumference. The fixing bolt 3011 screwed in the screw hole inside the guide block 301 and the mounting hole 2011 opened in the guide groove 201 are locked and positioned. S2. Start the servo motor 1014 located at the top of the filter element 1013 inside the upper side of the suction cylinder 1012. The servo motor 1014 drives the suction fan blade 1015 installed on its bottom output shaft to rotate. The rotation of the suction fan blade 1015 generates negative pressure suction. This negative pressure suction passes sequentially through the active suction hole 5012, expansion sleeve 4, extension sleeve 3, installation sleeve 2 and suction cylinder 1012, which are arranged in a ring array on the bottom inclined surface of the outer peripheral surface of the suction housing 5, and sucks the gas in the external environment to the detection unit 1016 fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base 1. The detection unit 1016 detects the smoke and harmful gas components in the sucked gas. Two filter elements 1013, which are fixedly arranged in a linear array on the upper and lower sides inside the suction cylinder 1012, filter the particulate matter in the sucked gas. S3. When the active suction port 5012 is blocked, the suction fan blade 1015 continues to operate, causing the negative pressure inside the suction housing 5 and the extension sleeve 4 and extension sleeve 3 that are connected to it to increase. This negative pressure change is transmitted to the pressure-sensitive washer 3013 fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension sleeve 3. The pressure-sensitive washer 3013 senses the pressure abnormality and generates an electrical signal. This electrical signal triggers the electromagnet fixedly installed inside the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 to be energized and generate magnetism. S4. When the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 is energized and generates magnetism, a magnetic repulsive force is generated between it and the guide magnetic ring 401 fixedly connected to the top surface of the extension sleeve 4. This repulsive force overcomes the tension of the reset spring 3017 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the limiting top plate 3016, and pushes the extension sleeve 4 to move away from the extension sleeve 3 along the axial direction of the suspension guide rod 3015. The two suspension guide rods 3015 are respectively installed in the through holes opened in the guide top plates 3014 that are fixedly set in opposite directions on the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring 3012. The limiting top plates 3016 are fixedly connected to the top surfaces of the two suspension guide rods 3015. When the extension sleeve 4 moves, the tops of the two mounting base plates 4011 that are symmetrically fixed on its inner wall are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the suspension guide rods 3015. S5. As the expansion sleeve 4 extends downward, the six auxiliary suction holes 4012, which were originally hidden inside the extension sleeve 3 when the expansion sleeve 4 was inserted into the extension sleeve 3, are exposed to the outside of the extension sleeve 3. External gas enters the expansion sleeve 4 through the active suction hole 5012 and the exposed auxiliary suction holes 4012, and then passes through the extension sleeve 3, the mounting sleeve 2 and the suction cylinder 1012 to reach the detection unit 1016. S6. When the pressure sensed by the pressure-sensitive washer 3013 returns to normal, the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 is de-energized and demagnetized. The magnetic repulsion between the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 and the guide magnetic ring 401 disappears. The reset spring 3017 pulls the extension sleeve 4 and the suction housing 5 fixedly connected to its bottom end face back to the initial position through the limiting top plate 3016 and the suspension guide rod 3015. The auxiliary suction hole 4012 is hidden inside the extension sleeve 3 again. S7. When the detection unit 1016 detects that the concentration of harmful gas or smoke exceeds the set threshold, the detection unit 1016 outputs an electrical signal to the buzzer 501 fixedly connected to the center position on the bottom end face of the suction housing 5 and the warning light 5011 fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the suction housing 5. The buzzer 501 emits an audible alarm signal and the warning light 5011 emits a visual alarm signal.

[0024] In use, the device is first fixed to the top surface of the area to be tested or other installation positions via the fixing sleeve 101 at the top of the mounting base 1 and its internal positioning hole 1011. A mounting sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting base 1. An extension sleeve 3 is inserted into the mounting sleeve 2. The extension sleeve 3 slides through four guide blocks 301 arranged in a ring on its outer circumference with the guide groove 201 opened on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 2. The fixing bolts 3011 screwed into the screw holes inside the guide blocks 301 are locked and positioned with the mounting holes 2011 opened inside the guide grooves 201, thus completing the initial assembly and fixation of the device's main body length. After the device is started, the servo motor 1013 located at the top of the filter screen 1013 inside the suction cylinder 1012... 14 starts operating. The servo motor 1014 drives the suction fan 1015 mounted on its bottom output shaft to rotate. The rotation of the suction fan 1015 generates negative pressure suction. This negative pressure suction passes through the active suction holes 5012, expansion sleeve 4, extension sleeve 3, mounting sleeve 2 and suction cylinder 1012 arranged in a ring array on the inclined surface at the bottom of the outer peripheral surface of the suction housing 5 in sequence, actively sucking the gas in the external environment to the detection unit 1016 fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base 1. The detection unit 1016 detects the smoke and harmful gas components in the sucked gas. Two filter screens 1013 arranged in a linear array and fixed on the upper and lower sides inside the suction cylinder 1012 filter the particulate matter in the sucked gas to prevent impurities from entering the detection unit 1016. When the active suction port 5012 becomes clogged due to external dust or fiber accumulation, the continuous operation of the suction fan blade 1015 will increase the negative pressure inside the suction housing 5 and the extension sleeve 4 and extension sleeve 3 that are connected to it. This change in negative pressure is transmitted to the pressure-sensitive washer 3013 fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension sleeve 3. The pressure-sensitive washer 3013 senses the abnormal increase in pressure and generates an electrical signal. This electrical signal triggers the electromagnet fixedly installed inside the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 to be energized and generate magnetism. After the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 is energized and generates magnetism, a magnetic repulsion force is generated between it and the guide magnetic ring 401 fixedly connected to the top end face of the extension sleeve 4. This repulsion force overcomes the magnetic repulsion force of the guide magnetic ring 401 fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the limiting top plate 3016. The tension of the return spring 3017 pushes the extension sleeve 4 to move away from the extension sleeve 3 along the axis of the suspension guide rod 3015. The main body of the suspension guide rod 3015 is a cylindrical structure, and there are two of them. The two suspension guide rods 3015 are respectively installed in the through holes opened in the guide top plates 3014 that are fixedly set in opposite directions on the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring 3012. The top surfaces of the two suspension guide rods 3015 are fixedly connected to the limit top plates 3016. The main body of the limit top plate 3016 is a disc-shaped structure and its diameter is larger than the diameter of the suspension guide rod 3015. The side of the return spring 3017 away from the limit top plate 3016 is fixedly set on the top of the guide top plate 3014. When the extension sleeve 4 moves, the symmetrically fixed parts on its inner wall are... The top ends of the two mounting base plates 4011 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the suspension guide rod 3015, thereby ensuring that the extension sleeve 4 extends downward in a straight line. As the extension sleeve 4 extends downward, the six auxiliary suction holes 4012 arranged in a ring array on the outer circumference of the extension sleeve 4, which were originally hidden inside the extension sleeve 3 when the extension sleeve 4 was inserted into the extension sleeve 3, are gradually exposed to the outside of the extension sleeve 3. At the same time, the active suction hole 5012, which was originally always exposed, remains open. At this time, external gas can enter the extension sleeve 4 through the active suction hole 5012 and the newly exposed auxiliary suction holes 4012, and then reach the detection unit 1016 through the extension sleeve 3, the mounting sleeve 2, and the suction cylinder 1012, thereby restoring the gas flow. When the pressure sensed by the pressure-sensitive washer 3013 returns to normal, the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 is de-energized and demagnetized. The magnetic repulsion between the electromagnetic guide ring 3012 and the guide magnetic ring 401 disappears. The reset spring 3017 pulls the extension sleeve 4 and the suction housing 5 fixedly connected to its bottom end face back to the initial position through the limiting top plate 3016 and the suspension guide rod 3015. The auxiliary suction hole 4012 is hidden again inside the extension sleeve 3. When the detection unit 1016 detects that the concentration of harmful gas or smoke exceeds the set threshold, the detection unit 1016 outputs an electrical signal to the buzzer 501 fixedly connected to the center position of the bottom end face of the suction housing 5 and the warning light 5011 fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the suction housing 5. The buzzer 501 has a ring structure.Warning light 5011 is located inside buzzer 501. When buzzer 501 emits an audible alarm signal, warning light 5011 emits a visual alarm signal to alert on-site personnel to take appropriate measures.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined gas detection device, comprising a mounting base (1) and a guide plate (3014), characterized in that, The mounting base (1) is internally fixedly connected to a suction cylinder (1012), and the suction cylinder (1012) is internally fixedly connected to a filter element (1013). Two filter elements (1013) are provided, arranged in a linear array on the upper and lower sides of the suction cylinder (1012). A servo motor (1014) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper filter element (1013), and a suction fan blade (1015) is mounted on the bottom output shaft of the servo motor (1014). The mounting base (1) is internally fixedly connected to... A detection unit (1016) for detecting smoke and gas is fixedly connected to the top end. An installation sleeve (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the mounting base (1). An extension sleeve (3) is inserted into the inside of the installation sleeve (2). A guide block (301) is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the extension sleeve (3). There are four guide blocks (301) in total. The four guide blocks (301) are fixedly arranged in a ring array on the outer wall of the extension sleeve (3). A screw hole is opened inside the guide block (301), and a fixing bolt (3011) is screwed into the screw hole.

2. The combined gas detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two guide top plates (3014) are provided, and the two guide top plates (3014) are fixedly disposed opposite to each other on the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring (3012). Each of the two guide top plates (3014) has a through hole inside, and a suspension guide rod (3015) is installed inside the through hole. The main body of the suspension guide rod (3015) is a cylindrical structure. There are two suspension guide rods (3015), and a limiting top plate (3016) is fixedly connected to the top surface of each of the two suspension guide rods (3015). The main body of 016) is a disc-shaped structure. The diameter of the limiting top plate (3016) is larger than the diameter of the suspension guide rod (3015). An electromagnetic guide ring (3012) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension sleeve (3). The electromagnetic guide ring (3012) is a ring structure, and an electromagnet is fixedly installed inside the electromagnetic guide ring (3012). A pressure-sensitive washer (3013) is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the electromagnetic guide ring (3012). A guide top plate (3014) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring (3012).

3. The combined gas detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A reset spring (3017) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limiting top plate (3016). The side of the reset spring (3017) away from the limiting top plate (3016) is fixedly set at the top of the guide top plate (3014). An extension sleeve (4) is inserted into the inside of the extension sleeve (3). The extension sleeve (4) is a cylindrical structure with bidirectional through-holes on both the upper and lower sides. The extension sleeve (4) is connected to the extension sleeve (3).

4. The combined gas detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A guide magnetic ring (401) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the extension sleeve (4). The guide magnetic ring (401) is matched with the electromagnetic guide ring (3012). The reset spring (3017) is used to pull the extension sleeve (4) to move towards the side closer to the extension sleeve (3). The electromagnetic guide ring (3012) is in a state of generating magnetism when energized. The extension sleeve (4) is in a state of moving away from the extension sleeve (3) due to the magnetic repulsion between the guide magnetic ring (401) fixedly connected to its top surface and the electromagnetic guide ring (3012).

5. A combined gas detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, An installation base plate (4011) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the expansion sleeve (4). There are two installation base plates (4011) in total. The two installation base plates (4011) are symmetrically fixed on the inner wall of the expansion sleeve (4). The top of the installation base plate (4011) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the suspension guide rod (3015). The outer circumferential surface of the expansion sleeve (4) is provided with auxiliary suction holes (4012) in a ring array. There are six auxiliary suction holes (4012) in total. All six auxiliary suction holes (4012) are connected to the extension sleeve (3) through the expansion sleeve (4).

6. A combined gas detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom end face of the extension sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to the suction shell (5), which is a hollow structure. A buzzer (501) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom end face of the suction shell (5), and a warning light (5011) is also fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the suction shell (5).

7. A combined gas detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The buzzer (501) has a ring structure, and the warning light (5011) is located inside the buzzer (501). The bottom of the outer peripheral surface of the suction housing (5) has an inclined surface structure. Active suction holes (5012) are arranged in a ring array on the inclined surface. The active suction holes (5012) are connected to the mounting sleeve (2) and the detection unit (1016) in the mounting base (1) through the expansion sleeve (4) and the extension sleeve (3).

8. A combined gas detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The active suction port (5012) is always exposed. When the expansion sleeve (4) is inserted into the extension sleeve (3), the auxiliary suction port (4012) is hidden inside the extension sleeve (3). The pressure-sensitive gasket (3013) is under excessive pressure from the expansion sleeve (4) and the guide magnetic ring (401), that is, the active suction port (5012) is closed. The electromagnetic guide ring (3012) is energized and generates magnetism, and magnetically repels the expansion sleeve (4) to the lower side. At this time, the active suction port (5012) is exposed outside the extension sleeve (3).

9. A combined gas detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (1) has six fixed sleeves (101) fixedly arranged in a ring array on its top surface. The fixed sleeves (101) have positioning holes (1011) inside. The inner wall of the mounting sleeve (2) has a guide groove (201) that matches the guide plug (301). The guide groove (201) has an installation hole (2011) that matches the fixing bolt (3011) inside.

10. The detection method of the combined gas detection device according to claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The device is fixed to the installation position of the area to be tested by the fixing sleeve (101) at the top of the mounting base (1) and the positioning hole (1011) inside it. The mounting base (1) is fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the mounting sleeve (2). An extension sleeve (3) is inserted into the inside of the mounting sleeve (2). The extension sleeve (3) slides with the guide groove (201) opened on the inner wall of the mounting sleeve (2) through four guide blocks (301) arranged in a ring array on its outer circumference. The fixing bolt (3011) screwed into the screw hole inside the guide block (301) and the mounting hole (2011) opened inside the guide groove (201) are locked and positioned. S2. Start the servo motor (1014) located at the top of the filter element (1013) inside the suction cylinder (1012). The servo motor (1014) drives the suction fan blade (1015) installed on its bottom output shaft to rotate. The rotation of the suction fan blade (1015) generates negative pressure suction. This negative pressure suction passes through the active suction hole (5012), expansion sleeve (4), extension sleeve (3), installation sleeve (2) and suction cylinder (1012) in a ring array on the bottom inclined surface of the outer peripheral surface of the suction housing (5) in sequence, and sucks the gas in the external environment into the detection unit (1016) fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base (1). The detection unit (1016) detects the smoke and harmful gas components in the gas. The two filter elements (1013) fixedly set in a linear array on the upper and lower sides inside the suction cylinder (1012) filter the particulate matter in the gas. S3. When the active suction port (5012) is blocked, the suction fan blade (1015) continues to operate, causing the negative pressure inside the suction housing (5) and the extension sleeve (4) and extension sleeve (3) that are connected to it to increase. This negative pressure change is transmitted to the pressure-sensitive washer (3013) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the electromagnetic guide ring (3012) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension sleeve (3). The pressure-sensitive washer (3013) senses the pressure abnormality and generates an electrical signal. This electrical signal triggers the electromagnet fixedly installed inside the electromagnetic guide ring (3012) to be energized and generate magnetism. S4. When the electromagnetic guide ring (3012) is energized and generates magnetism, a magnetic repulsion force is generated between it and the guide magnetic ring (401) fixedly connected to the top surface of the extension sleeve (4). This repulsion force overcomes the tension of the reset spring (3017) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the limiting top plate (3016), and pushes the extension sleeve (4) to move away from the extension sleeve (3) along the axial direction of the suspension guide rod (3015). The two suspension guide rods (3015) are respectively installed in the through holes opened in the guide top plates (3014) that are fixedly set in opposite directions on the inner wall of the electromagnetic guide ring (3012). The limiting top plates (3016) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the two suspension guide rods (3015). When the extension sleeve (4) moves, the top of the two mounting base plates (4011) that are symmetrically fixed on its inner wall are fixedly connected to the bottom of the suspension guide rod (3015). S5. As the extension sleeve (4) extends downward, the six auxiliary suction holes (4012) that were originally hidden inside the extension sleeve (3) when the extension sleeve (4) was inserted into the extension sleeve (3) are exposed outside the extension sleeve (3). External gas enters the extension sleeve (4) through the active suction hole (5012) and the exposed auxiliary suction hole (4012) at the same time, and then passes through the extension sleeve (3), the installation sleeve (2) and the suction cylinder (1012) to reach the detection unit (1016). S6. When the pressure sensed by the pressure-sensitive gasket (3013) returns to normal, the electromagnetic guide ring (3012) is de-energized and demagnetized. The magnetic repulsion between the electromagnetic guide ring (3012) and the guide magnetic ring (401) disappears. The reset spring (3017) pulls the extension sleeve (4) and the suction housing (5) fixedly connected to its bottom end face back to the initial position through the limiting top plate (3016) and the suspension guide rod (3015). The auxiliary suction hole (4012) is hidden inside the extension sleeve (3) again. S7. When the detection unit (1016) detects that the concentration of harmful gas or smoke exceeds the set threshold, the detection unit (1016) outputs an electrical signal to the buzzer (501) fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the suction housing (5) and the warning light (5011) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the suction housing (5). The buzzer (501) emits an audible alarm signal and the warning light (5011) emits a visual alarm signal.

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