Switching antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a switching antenna, comprising an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprises a plurality of directional antennas distributed along a circumferential direction, and radiation areas of two adjacent directional antennas are at least partially overlapped or bordered; the signal processing module is suitable for being communicated with the antenna assembly so as to control the antenna assembly to receive or transmit signals; and the switch chip is electrically connected with each directional antenna and the signal processing module, and the switch chip is configured to enable the signal processing module to be electrically connected with one directional antenna in a switchable manner and to be disconnected with the other directional antennas. The switching antenna provided by the utility model has the advantages of high gain and strong directional wave beam anti-interference performance, and overcomes the defects of low coverage gain and limited communication distance of an omnidirectional antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of communications, in particular to a switching antenna. Background Art

[0002] The popularity of the Internet of Things has made smart cities, smart industries, and smart driving a reality. The popularity of the Internet of Things is inseparable from wireless communication equipment. Antennas are key components of wireless communication equipment, and their performance has a great impact on the quality of wireless communication. Common Internet of Things antennas are mostly omnidirectional antennas with limited communication distance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the utility model proposes a switching antenna, which has the advantages of high gain and strong anti-interference of directional beam, making up for the shortcomings of low coverage gain and limited communication distance of omnidirectional antenna.

[0004] The switching antenna according to the embodiment of the utility model includes: an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly includes a plurality of directional antennas distributed along the circumferential direction, and the radiation areas of two adjacent directional antennas at least partially overlap or border on each other; a signal processing module, the signal processing module is suitable for communicating with the antenna assembly to control the antenna assembly to receive or transmit signals; a switch chip, the switch chip is electrically connected to each of the directional antennas and the signal processing module respectively, and the switch chip is configured so that the signal processing module can be switchably electrically connected to one of the directional antennas and disconnected from the remaining directional antennas.

[0005] According to the switching antenna of the embodiment of the utility model, the antenna assembly has a signal coverage range of 360° in the horizontal plane through the cooperation of multiple directional antennas, and the intelligent switching of the beam is realized through the software algorithm of the signal processing module. The intelligent real-time switching process ensures the 360° coverage effect in the horizontal plane, so that the switching antenna can still maintain good communication capabilities in a mobile state. While the switching antenna has the characteristics of omnidirectional coverage, because the antenna assembly is specifically used for receiving / transmitting signals with a directional antenna, the switching antenna retains the characteristics of high gain and long coverage distance of the directional antenna, which greatly extends the signal coverage distance compared to the omnidirectional antenna in the related art. The switching antenna proposed in the utility model has the advantages of high gain and strong anti-interference of the directional beam. The software algorithm of the signal processing module is combined to realize intelligent switching of the beam, which has advantages in long-distance and mobile communication, and makes up for the shortcomings of low coverage gain and limited communication distance of the omnidirectional antenna.

[0006] In some embodiments, the switch chip is constructed as a single-pole multi-throw switch chip, the common end of the switch chip is electrically connected to the signal processing module, the multiple output ends of the switch chip are respectively electrically connected to the multiple directional antennas, and the switch chip is constructed so that the common end can be switched to be connected to any of the output ends.

[0007] In some embodiments, four directional antennas are provided, the horizontal plane 3dB beam width of each directional antenna is not less than 90°, the four directional antennas are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the switch chip is a single-pole four-throw switch chip.

[0008] In some embodiments, the switching antenna also includes: a carrier substrate, the carrier substrate is provided with a circuit module, the switch chip is arranged on the carrier substrate and is electrically connected to the circuit module, and the antenna assembly and the signal processing module are both electrically connected to the switch chip through the circuit module.

[0009] In some embodiments, the directional antenna is configured as a patch antenna, and the directional antenna is electrically connected to the switch chip via a feeder line.

[0010] In some embodiments, the directional antenna includes: a first dielectric substrate, on which is disposed a first radiating element suitable for receiving or transmitting signals and a connecting element electrically connected to the feed line, and the first radiating element is coupled to the connecting element.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first radiation element is externally mounted on the connecting element.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first slot is disposed at an edge of the first radiation element; and / or a second slot is disposed inside the first radiation element.

[0013] In some embodiments, the directional antenna further includes a second dielectric substrate spaced apart from the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate being provided with a second radiating element suitable for receiving or transmitting signals, and the second radiating element is coupled with the first radiating element.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second dielectric substrate is connected to the first dielectric substrate through a first insulating member.

[0015] In some embodiments, the switching antenna further includes: a reflector, wherein the reflector is provided with a plurality of reflective walls corresponding to the plurality of directional antennas, and the reflective walls are suitable for reflecting signals of the corresponding directional antennas.

[0016] In some embodiments, the directional antenna is spaced apart from the reflective member, and the directional antenna is mounted on the corresponding reflective wall through a second insulating member.

[0017] In some embodiments, the reflective member is constructed as a hollow structure, and the switch chip is disposed in the reflective member.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a switching antenna according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is a top view of a switching antenna according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is an exploded diagram of a directional antenna;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a carrier substrate.

[0024] Figure numerals: 100, switching antenna; 1, switch chip; 2, antenna assembly; 21, directional antenna; 22, first dielectric substrate; 23, first radiating element; 231, first slot; 232, second slot; 24, connector; 241, gap; 25, second dielectric substrate; 26, second radiating element; 27, first insulating member; 28, second insulating member; 3, carrier substrate; 31, RF output microstrip line; 32, RF common microstrip line; 33, control line; 34, power supply line; 4, feeder line; 41, core line; 5, reflector; 51, reflective wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present utility model, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 4 A switching antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 According to the switching antenna 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, it includes: a signal processing module, a switch chip 1 and an antenna component 2. The signal processing module is suitable for communicating with the antenna component 2 through the switch chip 1. The signal processing module can control the antenna component 2 to receive / transmit signals.

[0030] Specifically, the antenna assembly 2 includes a plurality of directional antennas 21 distributed along the circumferential direction, the radiation areas of two adjacent directional antennas 21 at least partially overlap or border on each other, the switch chip 1 is electrically connected to each directional antenna 21 and the signal processing module respectively, and the switch chip 1 is configured so that the signal processing module can be switchably electrically connected to one of the directional antennas 21 and disconnected from the remaining directional antennas 21.

[0031] When the switching antenna 100 is working, the signal processing module controls the switch chip 1 to connect multiple directional antennas 21 in sequence, compares the signal strength received by each directional antenna 21, and selects the directional antenna 21 with the best signal strength for communication; when the signal processing module detects that the signal is lower than a certain threshold, the above operation is repeated to find the directional antenna 21 with the best signal.

[0032] According to the switching antenna 100 of the embodiment of the utility model, the antenna assembly 2 has a signal coverage range of 360° in the horizontal plane through the cooperation of multiple directional antennas 21, and the intelligent switching of the beam is realized through the software algorithm of the signal processing module. The intelligent real-time switching process ensures the coverage effect of 360° in the horizontal plane, so that the switching antenna 100 can still maintain good communication capabilities in a mobile state. While the switching antenna 100 has the characteristics of omnidirectional coverage, because the directional antenna 21 is specifically used for receiving / transmitting signals in the antenna assembly 2, the switching antenna 100 retains the characteristics of high gain and long coverage distance of the directional antenna 21, which greatly extends the coverage distance of the signal compared to the omnidirectional antenna in the related art. The switching antenna 100 proposed in the utility model has the advantages of high gain and strong anti-interference of the directional beam. The software algorithm of the signal processing module is combined to realize the intelligent switching of the beam, which has advantages in long-distance and mobile communication, and makes up for the shortcomings of low coverage gain and limited communication distance of the omnidirectional antenna.

[0033] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the utility model, the signal processing module is respectively connected to the plurality of directional antennas 21 through the switch chip 1, so that the signal processing module can be switchably electrically connected to one of the directional antennas 21 and disconnected from the remaining directional antennas 21. The signal processing module does not need to be provided with a switch corresponding to each directional antenna 21, which simplifies the circuit arrangement of the switching antenna 100, reduces the cost of the switching antenna 100, and improves the control effect of the signal processing module.

[0034] In some embodiments, the switch chip 1 is constructed as a single-pole multi-throw switch chip 1, the common end of the switch chip 1 is electrically connected to the signal processing module, and the multiple output ends of the switch chip 1 are respectively electrically connected to the multiple directional antennas 21, and the switch chip 1 is constructed so that the common end can be switched to connect to any output end.

[0035] When the common terminal is connected to an output terminal, the signal processing module is connected to the directional antenna 21 corresponding to the output terminal, so that the signal processing module can receive / transmit signals through the directional antenna 21 .

[0036] The specific working principle of the switching antenna 100 in the embodiment of the utility model is as follows: when the switching antenna 100 is initialized, the signal processing module runs the software algorithm program to control the single-pole multi-throw switch chip 1, and selects the multi-way directional antenna 21 in turn to receive the signal from the base station antenna, and finally determines which directional antenna 21 is selected to work based on the comparison of the signal strength received by the multi-way directional antenna 21; if the switching antenna 100 is in a moving state, when it is detected that the received signal strength is lower than a certain threshold, the antenna performs an initialization operation, that is, repeats the above operation, so as to select the best directional antenna 21 to complete the communication.

[0037] The switch chip 1 in the embodiment of the utility model is constructed as a single-pole multi-throw switch chip 1, which has a simple circuit structure, reduces the difficulty of electrical connection between the signal processing module and the antenna component 2, and improves the assembly efficiency of the switching antenna 100.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, four directional antennas 21 are provided, the horizontal plane 3dB beam width of each directional antenna 21 is not less than 90°, the four directional antennas 21 are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the switch chip 1 is a single-pole four-throw switch chip 1.

[0039] In the above technical solution, the four directional antennas 21 cooperate with each other to receive / transmit signals, ensuring the reliability of the antenna assembly 2. It should be understood that the directional antennas 21 can also be set to three, five, six or other numbers, and the switch chip 1 is correspondingly set to a single-pole three-throw switch chip 1, a single-pole five-throw switch chip 1, a single-pole six-throw switch chip 1, etc. The utility model does not limit the number of directional antennas 21, as long as the antenna assembly 2 can receive / transmit signals 360° toward the horizontal plane.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the switching antenna 100 further includes: a carrier substrate 3, the carrier substrate 3 is provided with a circuit module, the switch chip 1 is arranged on the carrier substrate 3 and is electrically connected to the circuit module, and the antenna component 2 and the signal processing module are both electrically connected to the switch chip 1 through the circuit module.

[0041] Through the above technical solution, the antenna component 2 and the signal processing module can be electrically connected to the switch chip 1 through the circuit module on the carrier substrate 3, which improves the convenience of electrical connection between the antenna component 2 and the signal processing module and the switch chip 1. Fixing the switch chip 1 through the carrier substrate 3 also ensures the stability of the operation of the switch chip 1.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some specific embodiments, the circuit module includes: a plurality of RF output microstrip lines 31, a RF common microstrip line 32, two control lines 33 and a power supply line 34. The two ends of the RF output microstrip line 31 are respectively used to connect the output end of the switch chip 1 and the directional antenna 21, the two ends of the RF common microstrip line 32 are respectively used to connect the signal processing module and the common end of the switch chip 1, the two ends of the control line 33 are respectively used to connect the signal processing module and the control end of the switch chip 1, and the two ends of the power supply line 34 are respectively used to connect the signal processing module and the power supply end of the switch chip 1.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the directional antenna 21 is constructed as a patch antenna, and the directional antenna 21 is electrically connected to the switch chip 1 through the feeder line 4.

[0044] In the above technical solution, the directional antenna 21 is constructed as a patch antenna, which reduces the space occupied by the directional antenna 21, and further reduces the space occupied by the antenna assembly 2, which is conducive to the overall miniaturization of the switching antenna 100, so that the switching antenna 100 can be suitable for more application scenarios.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some specific embodiments, the directional antenna 21 includes: a first dielectric substrate 22, on which is disposed a first radiating element 23 suitable for receiving or transmitting signals and a connecting element 24 electrically connected to a feed line 4, the first radiating element 23 is coupled with the connecting element 24, and the feed line 4 is electrically connected to the output end of the switch chip 1.

[0046] In the above technical scheme, when the directional antenna 21 is working, the first radiating element 23 transmits the received signal to the connecting element 24 by coupling and cooperation, and the connecting element 24 transmits the electrical signal to the signal processing module through the feeding line 4 and the switch chip 1, so that the signal processing module receives the signal. The directional antenna 21 in the embodiment of the utility model effectively widens the bandwidth of the directional antenna 21 by coupling feeding.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first radiating element 23 is sheathed on the connecting element 24, and an annular gap 241 is provided between the first radiating element 23 and the connecting element 24. The first radiating element 23 and the connecting element 24 are coupled and fed through the annular gap 241, thereby ensuring the stability of the coupled feeding.

[0048] In some specific embodiments, the connector 24 is constructed as a pad disposed on the first dielectric substrate 22 , and the pad is welded to the core wire 41 of the feed line 4 , thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the core wire 41 and the connector 24 .

[0049] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the edge of the first radiating element 23 is provided with a first slot 231, which effectively improves the bandwidth of the directional antenna 21. In some specific embodiments, the first radiating element 23 is provided with two first slots 231, and in other embodiments, the number of the first slots 231 can also be three, four, five or other numbers, which can be designed according to actual application conditions.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, a second slot 232 is provided inside the first radiation element 23, which effectively improves the impedance matching of the antenna. The shape and size of the second slot 232 can be designed according to actual application conditions, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the directional antenna 21 further includes a second dielectric substrate 25 spaced apart from the first dielectric substrate 22, the second dielectric substrate 25 is provided with a second radiating element 26 suitable for receiving or transmitting signals, the second radiating element 26 is coupled with the first radiating element 23, and the first radiating element 23 and the second radiating element 26 are used to radiate signals of different frequency bands. In the embodiment of the utility model, the bandwidth of the antenna is effectively widened by the coupled feeding and double-layer excitation structure.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the second dielectric substrate 25 is connected to the first dielectric substrate 22 through the first insulating member 27. On the one hand, electrical connection between the first radiating element 23 and the second radiating element 26 is avoided. On the other hand, the first insulating member 27 leaves a gap between the first dielectric substrate 22 and the second dielectric substrate 25, thereby achieving coupling and cooperation between the first radiating element 23 and the second radiating element 26.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, the first insulating member 27 is constructed as a nylon support column, which has a simple structure and reduces the cost. Of course, in other embodiments, the first insulating member 27 can also be other insulating structures, and the utility model is not limited to this.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the switching antenna 100 further includes: a reflector 5 , wherein the reflector 5 is provided with a plurality of reflective walls 51 corresponding to the plurality of directional antennas 21 , and the reflective walls 51 are suitable for reflecting signals of the corresponding directional antennas 21 .

[0055] Each directional antenna 21 has its corresponding radiation area, and the reflection wall 51 can reflect the signal to the radiation area corresponding to the directional antenna 21, effectively extending the coverage distance of the directional antenna 21 within the radiation area and improving the signal coverage range of the switching antenna 100.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the directional antenna 21 is spaced apart from the reflective member 5 , and the directional antenna 21 is mounted on the corresponding reflective wall 51 through the second insulating member 28 .

[0057] In the above technical solution, the directional antenna 21 is installed on the corresponding reflecting wall 51 , which ensures the stability of the directional antenna 21 , and the directional antenna 21 is spaced apart from the reflecting element 5 , which improves the reflection effect of the reflecting element 5 .

[0058] In some specific embodiments, the second insulating member 28 is constructed as a nylon support column, which has a simple structure and reduces the cost. Of course, in other embodiments, the second insulating member 28 can also be other insulating structures, and the utility model is not limited to this.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the reflector 5 is constructed as a hollow structure, and the switch chip 1 is arranged in the reflector 5, that is, the switch chip 1 is located between the multiple directional antennas 21, which facilitates the electrical connection between the switch chip 1 and the multiple directional antennas 21. In addition, the switch chip 1 is arranged in the reflector 5, which improves the space utilization of the switching antenna 100 and is conducive to the miniaturization of the switching antenna 100.

[0060] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some specific embodiments, the carrier substrate 3 is disposed inside the reflector 5, and each RF output microstrip line 31 of the carrier substrate 3 is correspondingly provided with a feeder line 4, the feeder line 4 comprises a core line 41 and an outer metal layer, one end of the core line 41 is electrically connected to the RF output microstrip line 31, and the other end passes through the reflective wall 51 and the first dielectric substrate 22 and is welded to the connector 24. One end of the outer metal layer is electrically connected to the ground end of the carrier substrate 3, and the other end is electrically connected to the reflective wall 51.

[0061] The following is the attached Figure 1-4A specific embodiment of the utility model is described.

[0062] The switching antenna 100 according to the embodiment of the utility model comprises: a signal processing module, a switch chip 1 and an antenna component 2. The signal processing module is adapted to be connected with the antenna component 2 through the switch chip 1. The signal processing module can receive / transmit signals through the antenna component 2.

[0063] The antenna assembly 2 includes four directional antennas 21 distributed along the circumference, and the horizontal plane 3dB beam width of each directional antenna 21 is 90°. The four directional antennas 21 are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the radiation areas of two adjacent directional antennas 21 are adjacent. The switch chip 1 is electrically connected to each directional antenna 21 and the signal processing module respectively, and the switch chip 1 is configured so that the signal processing module can be switchably electrically connected to one of the directional antennas 21 and disconnected from the remaining directional antennas 21.

[0064] The switch chip 1 is a single-pole four-throw switch chip 1. The common end of the switch chip 1 is electrically connected to the signal processing module, and the four output ends of the switch chip 1 are electrically connected to the four directional antennas 21 respectively. The switch chip 1 is configured so that the common end can be switched to connect to any output end.

[0065] The switching antenna 100 further includes: a carrier substrate 3, the carrier substrate 3 is provided with a circuit module, the switch chip 1 is arranged on the carrier substrate 3 and is electrically connected to the circuit module, and the antenna component 2 and the signal processing module are both electrically connected to the switch chip 1 through the circuit module.

[0066] The circuit module includes: four RF output microstrip lines 31, one RF common microstrip line 32, two control lines 33 and one power supply line 34. The two ends of the RF output microstrip line 31 are respectively used to connect the output end of the switch chip 1 and the directional antenna 21, the two ends of the RF common microstrip line 32 are respectively used to connect the signal processing module and the common end of the switch chip 1, the two ends of the control line 33 are respectively used to connect the signal processing module and the control end of the switch chip 1, and the two ends of the power supply line 34 are respectively used to connect the signal processing module and the power supply end of the switch chip 1.

[0067] The directional antenna 21 is configured as a patch antenna and is electrically connected to the switch chip 1 via a feeder line 4 .

[0068] The directional antenna 21 includes: a first dielectric substrate 22, on which a first radiating element 23 suitable for receiving or transmitting signals and a connecting element 24 electrically connected to the feeder 4 are arranged, the first radiating element 23 and the connecting element 24 are coupled and matched, and the feeder 4 is electrically connected to the output end of the switch chip 1. The connecting element 24 is constructed as a pad arranged on the first dielectric substrate 22, and the pad is welded to the core wire 41 of the feeder 4.

[0069] The first radiation element 23 is externally mounted on the connecting element 24 , and an annular gap 241 is provided between the first radiation element 23 and the connecting element 24 . The first radiation element 23 and the connecting element 24 are coupled and fed via the annular gap 241 , thereby ensuring the stability of the coupled feeding.

[0070] Two first slots 231 are disposed at the edge of the first radiation element 23 , and a second slot 232 is disposed inside the first radiation element 23 .

[0071] The first dielectric substrate 22 is constructed as a PCB substrate, and the first radiating element 23 and the connecting element 24 are both copper-clad layers arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate 22 facing away from the switch chip 1 .

[0072] The directional antenna 21 further includes a second dielectric substrate 25 spaced apart from the first dielectric substrate 22. The second dielectric substrate 25 is provided with a second radiating element 26 suitable for receiving or transmitting signals. The second radiating element 26 is coupled with the first radiating element 23. The first radiating element 23 and the second radiating element 26 are used to radiate signals of different frequency bands. The second dielectric substrate 25 is connected to the first dielectric substrate 22 via a first insulating element 27.

[0073] The second dielectric substrate 25 is constructed as a PCB substrate. The second dielectric substrate 25 is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate 22 facing away from the switch chip 1 . The second radiating element 26 is a copper clad layer arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate 25 facing the first dielectric substrate 22 .

[0074] The switching antenna 100 further includes a reflector 5 , which is constructed as a hollow structure. The four directional antennas 21 are all arranged on the outside of the reflector 5 , and the supporting substrate 3 is arranged on the inside of the reflector 5 .

[0075] The reflector 5 includes four reflective walls 51, and the reflector 5 is constructed as a hollow structure surrounded by the four reflective walls 51. The four directional antennas 21 correspond to the four reflective walls 51, and the reflective walls 51 are suitable for reflecting the signals of the corresponding directional antennas 21. The directional antennas 21 are spaced apart from the reflector 5, and the directional antennas 21 are installed on the corresponding reflective walls 51 through the second insulating member 28.

[0076] The first insulating member 27 is configured as a nylon support column, and the second insulating member 28 is configured as a nylon support column. The positioning antenna is fixed to the corresponding reflecting wall 51 through the first insulating member 27, the second insulating member 28 and the nylon screw.

[0077] The carrier substrate 3 is arranged on the inner side of the reflector 5. Each RF output microstrip line 31 of the carrier substrate 3 is correspondingly provided with a feeder line 4. The feeder line 4 includes a core line 41 and an outer metal layer. One end of the core line 41 is electrically connected to the RF output microstrip line 31, and the other end passes through the reflective wall 51 and the first dielectric substrate 22 and is welded to the connector 24. One end of the outer metal layer is electrically connected to the ground end of the carrier substrate 3, and the other end is electrically connected to the reflective wall 51.

[0078] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0079] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A switching antenna (100), characterized in that: include: An antenna assembly (2), the antenna assembly (2) comprising a plurality of directional antennas (21) distributed along a circumferential direction, wherein radiation areas of two adjacent directional antennas (21) at least partially overlap or border each other; a signal processing module, the signal processing module being adapted to communicate with the antenna assembly (2) to control the antenna assembly (2) to receive or transmit signals; A switch chip (1), the switch chip (1) being electrically connected to each of the directional antennas (21) and the signal processing module respectively, the switch chip (1) being configured such that the signal processing module can be switchably electrically connected to one of the directional antennas (21) and disconnected from the remaining directional antennas (21).

2. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch chip (1) is constructed as a single-pole multi-throw switch chip (1); the common end of the switch chip (1) is electrically connected to the signal processing module; the multiple output ends of the switch chip (1) are respectively electrically connected to the multiple directional antennas (21); and the switch chip (1) is constructed so that the common end can be switched to be connected to any of the output ends.

3. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: Four directional antennas (21) are provided, the horizontal plane 3dB beam width of each directional antenna (21) is not less than 90°, the four directional antennas (21) are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the switch chip (1) is a single-pole four-throw switch chip (1).

4. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A carrier substrate (3), the carrier substrate (3) being provided with a circuit module, the switch chip (1) being provided on the carrier substrate (3) and being electrically connected to the circuit module, and the antenna component (2) and the signal processing module being electrically connected to the switch chip (1) via the circuit module.

5. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional antenna (21) is constructed as a patch antenna, and the directional antenna (21) is electrically connected to the switch chip (1) via a feeder line (4).

6. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The directional antenna (21) comprises: a first dielectric substrate (22), on which is disposed a first radiating element (23) suitable for receiving or transmitting signals and a connecting element (24) electrically connected to the feeder line (4), and the first radiating element (23) is coupled to the connecting element (24).

7. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first radiation element (23) is externally mounted on the connection element (24).

8. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first slot (231) is provided at an edge of the first radiation element (23); And / or, a second slot (232) is provided inside the first radiation element (23).

9. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The directional antenna (21) further comprises a second dielectric substrate (25) spaced apart from the first dielectric substrate (22), the second dielectric substrate (25) being provided with a second radiating element (26) suitable for receiving or transmitting signals, the second radiating element (26) being coupled to the first radiating element (23).

10. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second dielectric substrate (25) is connected to the first dielectric substrate (22) via a first insulating member (27).

11. The switching antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: Also includes: A reflector (5), wherein the reflector (5) is provided with a plurality of reflective walls (51) corresponding to the plurality of directional antennas (21), and the reflective walls (51) are suitable for reflecting signals of the corresponding directional antennas (21).

12. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that: The directional antenna (21) is spaced apart from the reflector (5), and the directional antenna (21) is mounted on the corresponding reflector wall (51) via a second insulating member (28).

13. The switching antenna (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that: The reflector (5) is constructed as a hollow structure, and the switch chip (1) is arranged in the reflector (5).

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