Femoral drilling guider and unicondylar femoral extramedullary positioning device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a thighbone drilling guider and a unicondylar femoral extramedullary positioning device. A guiding body of the thighbone drilling guider is used for abutting against the far end of a thighbone condyle, a first through hole and a second through hole are formed in the guiding body in the first preset direction, and the first through hole and the second through hole are both used for positioning marking lines of the center position of the thighbone condyle. At least one of the first abutting part and the second abutting part is movably connected with the guiding body in the second preset direction. The first propping part and the second propping part are respectively used for propping against the posterior condyle of the femur and the osteotomy surface of the tibia; wherein the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction. The femur drilling guider is applied to a single-condyle femur extramedullary positioning device, is used for positioning outside femur marrow, can effectively reduce intramedullary hemorrhage, reduces the blood loss amount and the blood transfusion rate of an operation, and meanwhile reduces the occurrence rate of deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and cerebral embolism in and after the operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a femoral drilling guide and a unicondylar femoral extramedullary positioning device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the intramedullary positioning method of the femoral condyle is often used for positioning of the mobile unicompartmental femoral condyle before osteotomy. However, intramedullary positioning will damage the medullary cavity and easily lead to embolism. In addition, during the positioning process, the femoral medullary cavity is wide, and the positioning rod is not easy to be located in the center of the femoral medullary cavity, which can easily cause inaccurate positioning and affect the osteotomy position, thereby causing the problem of improper placement of the femoral condyle, which affects the flexion and extension function. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a femoral drilling guide and a unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device, which are used for positioning outside the femoral marrow without opening the femoral marrow cavity, thereby effectively reducing intramedullary bleeding, reducing surgical blood loss and blood transfusion rate, and reducing the incidence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and cerebral embolism during and after surgery.

[0004] The embodiment of the utility model is achieved as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a femoral drilling guide, the femoral drilling guide comprising a guide body, a first abutment portion and a second abutment portion;

[0006] The guide body is used to abut against the distal end of the femoral condyle. The guide body is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole along a first preset direction. The first through hole and the second through hole are both used to locate the marking line of the center position of the femoral condyle. The first through hole and the second through hole are also used to allow a femoral drill to pass through, or to be connected to an external femoral connector.

[0007] At least one of the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion is movably connected to the guide body along a second preset direction; the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion are used to abut against the posterior condyle of the femur and the osteotomy surface of the tibia respectively;

[0008] The first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the first abutting portion includes a first head and a first abutting piece, the first head is connected to the guide body, and the first abutting piece is used to abut against the posterior condyle of the femur; the second abutting portion includes a second head and a second abutting piece, the second head is connected to the guide body, and the second abutting piece is used to abut against the osteotomy surface of the tibia;

[0010] At least one of the first head and the second head is movably connected to the guide body along a second preset direction, and the first holding piece is parallel to the second holding piece.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the guide body is provided with a mounting groove, and the second head is movably connected to the mounting groove.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, scale lines adjacent to the mounting grooves are arranged on both sides of the guide body, and marks corresponding to the scale lines are arranged on the second head.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the femoral drilling guide also includes a spiral adjustment member, which is rotatably connected to the guide body and transmission connected to the second head, and the spiral adjustment member is used to drive the second head to move along a second preset direction relative to the guide body.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the first through hole, the second through hole and the spiral adjustment member are sequentially spaced apart along a second preset direction; the first through hole is used for passing a femoral drill, and the second through hole is used for connecting to an external femoral connector.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, a top end of the guide body is provided with a horizontal line mark along a first preset direction, and the horizontal line mark is used to position a drilling guide for sagittal plane flexion.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, at least one positioning column is protruding from both sides of the guide body along a third preset direction, and the positioning column and the guide body are adjacent to the side surfaces that are used to abut against the distal end of the femoral condyle; wherein the first preset direction, the second preset direction and the third preset direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0017] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device, which includes a femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler, a gap measuring device, and the above-mentioned femoral drilling guide;

[0018] The femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler includes a first strip-shaped positioning hole and a second strip-shaped positioning hole, the extension direction of the first strip-shaped positioning hole is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second strip-shaped positioning hole, and the first strip-shaped positioning hole is connected to the second strip-shaped positioning hole, and the connection point between the first strip-shaped positioning hole and the second strip-shaped positioning hole is located in the middle of the first strip-shaped positioning hole;

[0019] The gap measuring device is used to be inserted into the tibial osteotomy surface and measure the gap between the tibial osteotomy surface and the posterior condyle of the femur. The gap measuring device is also provided with a positioning mark.

[0020] The part of the gap measuring device outside the tibial osteotomy surface is used to place the femoral condyle medial and lateral positioning ruler, and the positioning mark is used to position the second strip positioning hole, and the second strip positioning hole is used to draw the marking line for the center position of the femoral condyle.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device further includes a femoral connector, the femoral connector including a main body, a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm, a first connecting pin and a second connecting pin;

[0022] At least one of the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm is rotatably connected to the main body; the first connecting pin and the second connecting pin are connected to the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm respectively; the first connecting pin is parallel to the second connecting pin and both extend along a first preset direction;

[0023] Wherein, the first connecting pin is used to connect with the tibial osteotomy module, and the second connecting pin is used to connect with the second through hole.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the utility model include:

[0025] The femoral drilling guide comprises a guide body, a first abutting portion and a second abutting portion; the guide body is used to abut against the distal end of the femoral condyle, and the guide body is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole along a first preset direction, and the first through hole and the second through hole are both used to locate the marking line of the center position of the femoral condyle; the first through hole and the second through hole are also used for passing a femoral drill, or for connecting with an external femoral connector; at least one of the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion is movably connected to the guide body along the second preset direction; the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion are respectively used to abut against the posterior femoral condyle and the tibial osteotomy surface; wherein the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction.

[0026] The femoral drilling guide is applied to a unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device, which is used for positioning outside the femoral marrow without opening the femoral marrow cavity, thereby effectively reducing intramedullary bleeding, reducing surgical blood loss and blood transfusion rate, and reducing the incidence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and cerebral embolism during and after surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the femoral drilling guide in the first perspective in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the femoral drilling guide in the second viewing angle in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3This is a schematic structural diagram of the femoral condyle inner and outer positioning ruler in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the femoral condyle inner and outer positioning ruler and the gap measuring device in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the use of the femoral condyle inner and outer positioning ruler and the gap measuring device in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of the

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the unicondylar femoral extramedullary positioning device in the embodiment of the utility model from a first viewing angle;

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of the

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device from a second viewing angle in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of the

[0038] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device and the tibial osteotomy module in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first viewing angle of the unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0040] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second viewing angle of the unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the femoral connector and the tibial osteotomy module from a first perspective in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0042] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the femoral connector and the tibial osteotomy module from a second viewing angle in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0043] Icons: 100-femoral drilling guide; 10-femur; 20-tibia; 110-guide body; 120-first abutment; 130-second abutment; 111-first through hole; 112-second through hole; 121-first head; 122-first abutment sheet; 131-second head; 132-second abutment sheet; 113-installation groove; 114-scale line; 133-mark; 140-screw adjustment member; 115-horizontal Line marker; 116-positioning column; 400-unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device; 30-tibial osteotomy module; 200-femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler; 210-first strip positioning hole; 220-second strip positioning hole; 300-femoral connector; 310-main body; 320-first connecting arm; 330-second connecting arm; 340-first connecting pin; 350-second connecting pin; 500-gap measurer; 501-positioning mark. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0045] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0047] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 This embodiment provides a unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device 400, which includes a femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler 200, a gap measuring device 500 and a femoral drilling guide 100;

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3 and 4 The femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler 200 includes a first strip positioning hole 210 and a second strip positioning hole 220, the extension direction of the first strip positioning hole 210 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second strip positioning hole 220, and the first strip positioning hole 210 is connected to the second strip positioning hole 220, and the connection point between the first strip positioning hole 210 and the second strip positioning hole 220 is located in the middle of the first strip positioning hole 210; and the gap measuring device 500 is used to be inserted into the tibial osteotomy surface and measure the gap between the tibial osteotomy surface and the posterior femoral condyle, and the gap measuring device 500 is also provided with a positioning mark 501; wherein, the portion of the gap measuring device 500 located outside the tibial osteotomy surface is used to place the femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler 200, and the positioning mark 501 is used to locate the second strip positioning hole 220, and the second strip positioning hole 220 is used to draw the marking line for the center position of the femoral condyle;

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, and the femoral drilling guide 100 includes a guide body 110, a first abutting portion 120 and a second abutting portion 130; the guide body 110 is used to abut against the distal end of the condyle of the femur 10, and the guide body 110 is provided with a first through hole 111 and a second through hole 112 along a first preset direction, and the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112 are both used to locate the marking line 133 of the center position of the condyle of the femur 10; the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112 are also used for passing the femoral drill 10, or for connecting with an external femoral connector 300; at least one of the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 is movably connected to the guide body 110 along the second preset direction; the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 are respectively used to abut against the posterior condyle of the femur 10 and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20; wherein the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first preset direction is Figure 1 and 2 As shown by the arrow A in the middle, the first preset direction is the axial direction of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112, and the second preset direction is as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and 2 As shown by the arrow B in the middle, it is the moving direction of the second abutting portion 130; in addition, the third preset direction in this embodiment is Figure 1 and 2 As shown by arrow C in the middle.

[0054] Therefore, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 11 The working principle of the unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device 400 is as follows:

[0055] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 During the extramedullary positioning of the femur 10, the knee joint is placed in a flexed position. After the osteotomy of the tibia 20 is completed, the osteotomy tool of the tibia 20 is retained, the gap measurer 500 is inserted into the tibial osteotomy surface, and the femoral condyle medial and lateral positioning ruler 200 is placed on the part of the gap measurer 500 located outside the tibial osteotomy surface. At this time, the first strip positioning hole 210 is flush with the gap measurer 500; the position of the femoral condyle medial and lateral positioning ruler 200 is adjusted so that the positioning mark 501 is aligned with the second strip positioning hole 220, that is, the second strip positioning hole 220 and the first strip positioning hole 210 are connected at the positioning mark 501; thereby, the first strip positioning hole 210 of the femoral condyle medial and lateral positioning ruler 200 is parallel to the tibial 20 osteotomy surface, and the second strip positioning hole 220 is located on the center line corresponding to the position, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, corresponding positioning is performed based on the femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler 200, and in the positioning process, since the first strip positioning hole 210 and the second strip positioning hole 220 are set, it can be convenient for the user to observe before positioning during use, and after determining that the positioning is at the appropriate position, the user can mark the center position of the femoral condyle 10 along the opening direction of the second strip positioning hole 220. The purpose of marking is to facilitate the production of the mark 133 line at the center position of the femoral condyle 10, so as to facilitate the subsequent installation and positioning work of the femoral drilling guide 100, so as to serve as a coronal plane reference for the next step of drilling the femoral condyle 10, and as a reference for controlling the coronal plane rotation;

[0056] Afterwards, please refer to Figure 7-Figure 11 The first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 are relatively located between the posterior condyle of the femur 10 and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20. The reason for such a setting is that when the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 are set, they are located on one side of the rear end surface of the guide body 110 and extend in a direction away from the guide body 110, so that when the rear end surface of the guide body 110 is close to the distal end of the condyle of the femur 10, the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 extend toward the area between the posterior condyle of the femur 10 and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20;

[0057] Then, since at least one of the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 is movably connected to the guide body 110 along the second preset direction, at least one of the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 can be adjusted so that the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 are separated from each other, thereby making the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 abut against the posterior condyle of the femur 10 and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20 respectively; such a setting method can make the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 close to the posterior condyle of the femur 10 and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20, thereby, through such a setting method, the femoral drilling guide 100 can be fully in contact with the osteotomy surfaces of the femur 10 and the tibia 20 to control the bending change of the sagittal plane and ensure the stability of the sagittal plane;

[0058] After completing the above steps, it is possible to observe and determine whether the distances between the two sides of the guide body 110 and the inner and outer sides of the femoral condyle 10 are consistent, and the marking line 133 of the center position of the femoral condyle 10 is located according to the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112 to ensure that the femoral drilling guide 100 is located at the center position of the femoral condyle 10, control the coronal rotation of the femoral condyle 10, and prevent the femoral condyle 10 from being turned inside out after installation;

[0059] Based on the above content, the unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device 400 can be positioned outside the medullary cavity of the femur 10 without opening the medullary cavity of the femur 10, thereby effectively reducing intramedullary bleeding, reducing surgical blood loss and blood transfusion rate, and reducing the incidence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and cerebral embolism during and after surgery.

[0060] In addition to the above structure, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 15 The unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device 400 also includes a femoral connector 300, which includes a main body 310, a first connecting arm 320, a second connecting arm 330, a first connecting pin 340 and a second connecting pin 350; at least one of the first connecting arm 320 and the second connecting arm 330 is rotatably connected to the main body 310; the first connecting pin 340 and the second connecting pin 350 are respectively connected to the first connecting arm 320 and the second connecting arm 330; the first connecting pin 340 is parallel to the second connecting pin 350, and both extend along the first preset direction; wherein the first connecting pin 340 is used to connect to the tibial osteotomy module 30, and the second connecting pin 350 is used to connect to the second through hole 112.

[0061] By setting the femoral connector 300, after ensuring that the femoral drilling guide 100 is located at the center of the condyle of the femur 10, by connecting the first connecting pin 340 to the tibial osteotomy module 30 and the second connecting pin 350 to the second through hole 112, the cross-sectional rotation change can be controlled to ensure the stability of the cross-section.

[0062] It should be noted that in the above steps, after ensuring that the femoral drilling guide 100 is located at the center of the condyle of the femur 10, the subsequent connection or drilling steps can be performed through the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112. During the connection and drilling process, the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112 can be set to different apertures to provide corresponding guiding effects for drilling different channels during drilling. During the drilling process, in order to improve the stability during the drilling process, it is necessary to set the femoral connector 300 based on the above setting. After one of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112 is connected to the femoral connector 300 and its position is ensured, the drilling operation is performed through the other one of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112. After the drilling is completed based on one of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112, the guide body can be positioned based on the drill, and the femoral connector 300 can be removed to open the other one of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112, so as to perform drilling work on another channel under the positioning effect of the drill;

[0063] Specifically, taking the apertures of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112 as 4 mm and 6 mm respectively as an example, in other embodiments of the present invention, other sizes can be selected; first, the second through hole 112 is connected to the femoral connector 300, and then a 4 mm hole is drilled through the first through hole 111; then, the drill in the first through hole 111 is used for positioning and fixing, the femoral connector 300 is removed, and a 6 mm hole is drilled through the second through hole 112.

[0064] For further information, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10 In the present embodiment, when configuring the supporting portion and the second supporting portion 130, the first supporting portion 120 includes a first head 121 and a first supporting piece 122, the first head 121 is connected to the guide body 110, and the first supporting piece 122 is used to support the posterior condyle of the femur 10; the second supporting portion 130 includes a second head 131 and a second supporting piece 132, the second head 131 is connected to the guide body 110, and the second supporting piece 132 is used to support the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20; wherein, at least one of the first head 121 and the second head 131 is movably connected to the guide body 110 along the second preset direction, and the first supporting piece 122 is parallel to the second supporting piece 132.

[0065] Through the above-mentioned structural setting, based on the setting of the first abutment plate 122 and the second abutment plate 132, when they abut against the posterior condyle of the femur 10 and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20 respectively, the contact area with the posterior condyle of the femur 10 and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20 is increased, thereby improving the close fit and thus improving the positioning stability of the femoral drilling guide 100.

[0066] As can be seen from the above, in the embodiment of the utility model, at least one of the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 can be movably connected to the guide body 110 along the second preset direction. Based on this, the present embodiment adopts a method in which the second abutting portion 130 is movably connected to the guide body 110 along the second preset direction. Based on this, in order to facilitate the installation of the second abutting portion 130, the guide body 110 is provided with a mounting groove 113, and the second head 131 of the second abutting portion 130 is movably connected to the mounting groove 113. Moreover, on the basis of the above, the femoral drilling guide 100 further includes a spiral adjustment member 140, which is rotatably connected to the guide body 110 and is transmission-connected to the second head 131. The spiral adjustment member 140 is used to drive the second head 131 to move relative to the guide body 110 along the second preset direction; that is, during use, the second head 131 can be driven to move relative to the mounting groove 113 by rotating the spiral adjustment member 140.

[0067] In the process of the second head 131 moving relative to the installation groove 113, in order to measure the distance it moves, the measurement method is not only to measure the rotation angle of the spiral adjustment member 140, but in this embodiment, the guide body 110 is provided with scale lines 114 adjacent to the installation groove 113 on both sides, and the second head 131 is provided with a mark 133 corresponding to the scale line 114. That is, the scale difference of the mark 133 before and after the second head 131 moves relative to the installation groove 113 can be measured by the position of the mark 133 relative to the scale line 114, so as to obtain the movement stroke of the second head 131 relative to the installation groove 113.

[0068] From the above content, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10 In this embodiment, the guide body 110 is provided with a first through hole 111 and a second through hole 112, and in order to facilitate the operation of the second abutting portion 130, a spiral adjustment member 140 is further provided on the guide body 110. Based on this, the first through hole 111, the second through hole 112 and the spiral adjustment member 140 are configured to facilitate the use of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112 and avoid the subsequent connection of the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112 with the external femoral connector 300 and the femoral drill 10. The movement of the marking line 133 which passes through and locates the center position of the condyle of the femur 10 is interfered by the operation of the spiral adjusting member 140. Therefore, the first through hole 111, the second through hole 112 and the spiral adjusting member 140 are arranged in sequence along the second preset direction. The first through hole 111 is used for the femoral drill to pass through, and the second through hole 112 is used for connecting with the external femoral connector 300. Through such an arrangement, interference between the first through hole 111, the second through hole 112 and the spiral adjusting member 140 is avoided.

[0069] On the basis of the above structure, the top of the guide body 110 is provided with a horizontal mark 115 along the first preset direction, and the horizontal mark 115 is used to locate the drilling guide of sagittal plane flexion. In addition, at least one positioning column 116 is protrudingly provided on both sides of the guide body 110 along the third preset direction, and the positioning column 116 is adjacent to the side of the guide body 110 used to abut against the distal end of the condyle of the femur 10; wherein the first preset direction, the second preset direction and the third preset direction are perpendicular to each other. By setting the aforementioned horizontal mark 115 and the positioning column 116, it is convenient to locate the guide body 110 with the external structure, and at the same time, it is convenient to locate the position of the guide body 110 relative to the inner and outer sides of the condyle of the femur 10.

[0070] In summary, based on the above content, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 15 The operation steps of the condylar femoral extramedullary positioning device are as follows:

[0071] First, place the knee joint in a flexed position, and after completing the osteotomy of the tibia 20, retain the osteotomy tool of the tibia 20; use the femoral condyle medial and lateral positioning ruler 200, and align the first strip positioning hole 210 of the femoral condyle medial and lateral positioning ruler 200 with the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20, and the second strip positioning hole 220 is located on the center line of the femoral condyle medial and lateral positioning ruler 200, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, corresponding positioning is performed based on the femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler 200, and after determining that the positioning is at the appropriate position, the center position of the femoral condyle 10 is marked along the opening direction of the second strip positioning hole 220 to make a marking line 133, so as to facilitate the subsequent installation and positioning work of the femoral drilling guide 100, and to serve as a coronal plane reference for the next step of drilling the femoral condyle 10, and as a reference for controlling the coronal plane rotation;

[0072] Then, if Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, the femoral drilling guide 100 is placed in the middle position of the condyle of the femur 10, and the guide body 110 is used to abut against the distal end of the condyle of the femur 10, that is, the rear end surface of the guide body 110 is close to the distal end of the condyle of the femur 10, and the spiral adjustment member 140 is operated to adjust the positions of the first abutting portion 120 and the second abutting portion 130 located between the posterior condyle of the femur 10 and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20, so that the second abutting portion 130 slides relative to the mounting groove 113, and then the first abutting piece 122 abuts against the posterior condyle of the femur 10, and the second abutting piece 132 abuts against the osteotomy surface of the tibia 20, so that the femoral drilling guide 100 is fully in contact with the osteotomy surfaces of the femur 10 and the tibia 20 to control the bending change of the sagittal plane and ensure the stability of the sagittal plane;

[0073] After completing the above steps, based on the positioning columns 116 on both sides of the guide body 110, it is observed and determined whether the distances between the two sides of the guide body 110 and the inner and outer sides of the condyle of the femur 10 are consistent, and the marking line 133 of the center position of the condyle of the femur 10 is positioned according to the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 112, so as to ensure that the femoral drilling guide 100 is located at the center position of the condyle of the femur 10, control the coronal rotation of the condyle of the femur 10, and prevent the condyle of the femur 10 from being turned inside out after installation;

[0074] Then, the first connecting pin 340 of the rotating arm of the femoral connector 300 is connected to the tibial osteotomy module 30, and the second connecting pin 350 is connected to the second through hole 112, and is rotatably connected to the main body 310 through at least one of the first connecting arm 320 and the second connecting arm 330 to control the rotation change of the cross section and ensure the stability of the cross section;

[0075] In summary, the unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device 400 is based on the positioning of the femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler 200. The cooperation between the femoral connector 300 and the femoral drilling guide 100 ensures the stability of the femoral drilling guide 100 in the coronal and sagittal cross-sections, thereby achieving positioning outside the medullary cavity of the femur 10 without opening the medullary cavity of the femur 10. This can effectively reduce intramedullary bleeding, reduce surgical blood loss and blood transfusion rate, and reduce the incidence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and cerebral embolism during and after surgery. In addition, the use of extramedullary positioning can also solve the stability of the femoral drilling guide 100 in the coronal and sagittal cross-sections during the extramedullary positioning process, thereby ensuring the reliability of the prosthesis installation position.

[0076] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A femoral drilling guide, characterized in that: The femoral drilling guide comprises a guide body, a first abutment portion and a second abutment portion; The guide body is used to abut against the distal end of the femoral condyle, and the guide body is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole along a first preset direction, and the first through hole and the second through hole are both used to locate the marking line of the center position of the femoral condyle; the first through hole and the second through hole are also used to allow a femoral drill to pass through, or to be connected to an external femoral connector; At least one of the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion is movably connected to the guide body along a second preset direction; the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion are used to abut against the posterior condyle of the femur and the osteotomy surface of the tibia, respectively; Wherein, the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction.

2. The femoral drilling guide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first abutting portion includes a first head and a first abutting piece, the first head is connected to the guide body, and the first abutting piece is used to abut against the posterior condyle of the femur; the second abutting portion includes a second head and a second abutting piece, the second head is connected to the guide body, and the second abutting piece is used to abut against the osteotomy surface of the tibia; At least one of the first head and the second head is movably connected to the guide body along a second preset direction, and the first holding piece is parallel to the second holding piece.

3. The femoral drilling guide according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide body is provided with a mounting groove, and the second head is movably connected to the mounting groove.

4. The femoral drilling guide according to claim 3, characterized in that: Scale lines adjacent to the mounting groove are arranged on both sides of the guide body, and marks corresponding to the scale lines are arranged on the second head.

5. The femoral drilling guide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The femoral drilling guide also includes a spiral adjustment member, which is rotatably connected to the guide body and is transmission-connected to the second head, and the spiral adjustment member is used to drive the second head to move relative to the guide body along the second preset direction.

6. The femoral drilling guide according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first through hole, the second through hole and the spiral adjustment member are sequentially arranged at intervals along the second preset direction; the first through hole is used for the femoral drill to pass through, and the second through hole is used for connecting to an external femoral connector.

7. The femoral drilling guide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the guide body is provided with a horizontal line mark along the first preset direction, and the horizontal line mark is used to position the drilling guide for sagittal plane flexion.

8. The femoral drilling guide according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one positioning column is protruding from both sides of the guide body along a third preset direction, and the positioning column and the guide body are adjacent to the side surface that abuts against the distal end of the femoral condyle; wherein the first preset direction, the second preset direction and the third preset direction are perpendicular to each other.

9. A unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device, characterized in that: The unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device comprises a femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler, a gap measuring device and a femoral drilling guide as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8; The femoral condyle internal and external positioning ruler includes a first strip-shaped positioning hole and a second strip-shaped positioning hole, the extension direction of the first strip-shaped positioning hole is perpendicular to the extension direction of the second strip-shaped positioning hole, and the first strip-shaped positioning hole is connected to the second strip-shaped positioning hole, and the connection point between the first strip-shaped positioning hole and the second strip-shaped positioning hole is located in the middle of the first strip-shaped positioning hole; The gap measuring device is used to be inserted into the tibial osteotomy surface and measure the gap between the tibial osteotomy surface and the posterior condyle of the femur, and the gap measuring device is also provided with a positioning mark; The portion of the gap measuring device outside the tibial osteotomy surface is used to place the femoral condyle medial and lateral positioning ruler, and the positioning mark is used to position the second strip-shaped positioning hole, and the second strip-shaped positioning hole is used to draw the marking line for the center position of the femoral condyle.

10. The unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The unicompartmental femoral extramedullary positioning device further comprises a femoral connector, wherein the femoral connector comprises a main body, a first connecting arm, a second connecting arm, a first connecting pin and a second connecting pin; At least one of the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm is rotatably connected to the main body; the first connecting pin and the second connecting pin are connected to the first connecting arm and the second connecting arm respectively; the first connecting pin and the second connecting pin are parallel and both extend along the first preset direction; Wherein, the first connecting pin is used to connect to the tibial osteotomy module, and the second connecting pin is used to connect to the second through hole.

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