Mine high steep vertical surface vegetation restoration structure for facing stone

Abstract

The utility model provides a vegetation restoration structure for a high steep vertical surface of a facing stone mine. The repairing structure comprises a planting hole directly formed in the facing stone mine slope and nutrient soil filled in the planting hole, a soil retaining plate is arranged at an orifice of the planting hole, the soil retaining plate is fixed at the orifice of the planting hole and completely shields the middle-lower portion area of the planting hole, an overflow hole communicated with the planting hole is formed in the middle-lower portion of the soil retaining plate, and the nutrient soil is filled in the planting hole. Rainwater guide grooves are formed in the peripheries of orifices of the planting holes, and the rainwater guide grooves extend to the upper areas, not shielded by the soil retaining plates, of the orifices of the planting holes in a downward inclined state. According to the utility model, on-site waste ores are fully utilized, local materials are used, the device is environment-friendly and reliable, the device can be used for planting various different types of restoration plants such as vine plants, shrub plants and hanging plants on the slope surface of the waste mine, rainwater collected in a low-cost and environment-friendly manner is adopted to provide sufficient water sources for the restoration plants, the survival rate of the plants is ensured, and the economic benefit is increased. And water can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mine restoration, in particular to a vegetation restoration structure for high-steep vertical surfaces of ornamental stone mines. Background Technique

[0002] In recent years, the market demand for marble and granite ornamental stones has increased sharply, which has greatly stimulated the development of ornamental stone mines. Most of the stone mines in China adopt the traditional open-pit mining method, generally aiming to extract large-sized rough blocks. The main mining process flow is cutting and separation - raw material moving - splitting - shaping - hoisting - slag cleaning. A large amount of overburden and waste ore will be generated in the process flow. The overburden mainly includes residual slope deposits and weathered rock, and the waste ore is mainly the waste stone generated during the processing of rough blocks.

[0003] Mining has changed the original topography and landform of the mountain body, damaged the natural landscape. This impact is significant and long-term. Most mines have a certain degree of soil erosion and vegetation damage. In the current environment where the ecological environment urgently needs to be improved, how to promptly restore the topography and landform of ornamental stone mines and increase the vegetation coverage rate of mines has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a vegetation restoration structure for high-steep vertical surfaces of ornamental stone mines. This restoration structure can utilize the waste stones damaged by the original topography and landform, directly plant plants on the waste stones for restoration, so as to construct a good mine ecological environment system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the utility model provides a vegetation restoration structure for high-steep vertical surfaces of ornamental stone mines, which is used for the restoration of the surface of ornamental stone mines. The restoration structure includes planting holes directly opened on the slope of the ornamental stone mine, nutrient soil filled in the planting holes, a retaining plate provided at the orifice of the planting hole. The retaining plate is fixed at the orifice of the planting hole and completely shields the middle and lower regions of the planting hole, and an overflow hole communicating with the planting hole is opened in the middle and lower part of the retaining plate. A rainwater guide groove is provided around the orifice of the planting hole, and the rainwater guide groove extends in a downward-sloping state to the upper region of the orifice of the planting hole not shielded by the retaining plate.

[0006] A preferred technical solution of the utility model: Vine plants, shrub plants or hanging plants are planted in the planting holes. There are multiple planting holes on the slope of the ornamental stone mine, and the plant species planted in adjacent planting holes are different.

[0007] A preferred technical solution of the utility model: The planting holes are horizontal round holes with a diameter of 60 cm to 80 cm and a depth of 30 cm to 40 cm or inclined round holes with an inclination angle of less than 30° drilled directly on the slope of the ornamental stone mine.

[0008] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The retaining plate is a semi-circular or arc-shaped structure with a diameter larger than the diameter of the planting hole opening, the thickness of the retaining plate is 3 cm to 5 cm, and the retaining plate covers the lower 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the planting hole opening area.

[0009] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: There are two groups of rainwater guide grooves, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper part of the planting hole opening, and the inclination angle of each rainwater guide groove is 5 to 10°.

[0010] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The retaining plate is a waste rock slab from a facing stone mine, including a granite slab or a marble slab, and is directly bonded to the outside of the planting hole by marble glue.

[0011] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: There are two overflow holes, symmetrically arranged at a position 8 cm to 10 cm upward from the bottom of the retaining plate, the aperture of each overflow hole is 20 to 25 mm, and the distance between the two overflow holes is 8 to 12 cm.

[0012] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The filling thickness of the nutrient soil in the planting hole is not less than 1 / 2 of the height of the aperture of the planting hole.

[0013] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The climbing height of the vine plants is 10 to 15 m, the crown width of the shrub plants is 3 to 4 m, and the hanging length of the hanging plants is 2 to 3 m.

[0014] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The rainwater guide groove is a water retaining strip made of waste stone from a facing stone mine, with a width of 3 to 4 cm, a thickness of 1 to 1.5 cm, and a length of 80 to 100 cm; it is directly adhered to the surface of the slope of the facing stone mine, and the bottom of each rainwater guide groove is located above the planting hole, and when it rains, the rainwater is introduced into the planting hole.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model: The structure of the present utility model makes full use of the on-site waste ore, uses local materials, is environmentally friendly and reliable, and can be used to plant various different types of restoration plants such as vine plants, shrub plants, and hanging plants on the slopes of waste mines. It provides sufficient water sources for the restoration plants in a low-cost and environmentally friendly way, that is, the collected rainwater, ensures the survival rate of the plants, and can save water; by combining various different types of restoration plants, an artificial randomly distributed vegetation with a certain density is formed on the vertical slope, which not only avoids the problem that the slope cannot be covered with soil, but also effectively shields the exposed mountain body of the facing stone mine, improves the visual effect, and increases the ornamental value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a front structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic side-sectional structure view of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 is a reference view of the usage state of the present utility model.

[0019] In the figure: 1 - slope of the facing stone mine, 2 - planting holes, 3 - retaining plates, 4 - overflow holes, 5 - rainwater guide grooves, 6 - nutrient soil, 7 - vegetation, 701 - vine plants, 702 - shrub plants, 703 - hanging plants. Specific embodiments

[0020] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The accompanying drawings are those of the embodiments and are drawn in a simplified manner, only for clearly and concisely illustrating the purpose of the embodiments of the present utility model. The technical solutions shown in the accompanying drawings below are the specific solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model claimed. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0021] An vegetation restoration structure for high-steep facades of facing stone mines provided by the embodiment is used for the restoration of the surface of facing stone mines. The structure covers the high-steep facades of facing stone mines, as Figures 1 to 3 shown. The restoration structure includes planting holes 2 directly drilled in the slope 1 of the facing stone mine and nutrient soil 6 filled in the planting holes 2. The planting holes are horizontal round holes with a diameter of 60 cm to 80 cm and a depth of 30 cm to 40 cm or inclined round holes inclined downward within 30° directly drilled in the slope 1 of the facing stone mine. The filling thickness of the nutrient soil 6 in the planting holes 2 is not less than 1 / 2 of the aperture height of the planting holes 2; the nutrient soil 6 is a special nutrient soil with a high organic matter content, containing a large amount of trace elements and active microorganisms, etc. A retaining plate 3 is provided at the orifice of the planting hole 2. The retaining plate 3 is a semi-circular or arc-shaped structure with a diameter larger than the orifice diameter of the planting hole 2. The thickness of the retaining plate 3 is 3 cm to 5 cm. The retaining plate 3 covers the lower 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the area at the orifice of the planting hole 2, completely shielding the middle and lower regions of the planting hole 2; the retaining plate 3 is a waste rock slab of the facing stone mine, including granite slabs or marble slabs, and is directly bonded to the outside of the planting hole 2 with marble glue.

[0022] An vegetation restoration structure for high-steep facades of facing stone mines provided by the embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, overflow holes 4 communicating with the planting holes 2 are provided in the middle and lower parts of the retaining plate 3. There are two overflow holes 4, which are symmetrically arranged at a position 8 cm to 10 cm upward from the bottom of the retaining plate 3. The aperture of each overflow hole 4 is 20 to 25 mm, and the distance between the two overflow holes is 8 to 12 cm. Rainwater guide grooves 5 are provided around the orifice of the planting hole 2, and the rainwater guide grooves 5 extend in a downward-sloping state to the upper area of the orifice of the planting hole 2 that is not blocked by the retaining plate 3. There are two groups of the rainwater guide grooves 5, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper part of the orifice of the planting hole 2. The inclination angle of each rainwater guide groove 5 is 5 to 10°. The rainwater guide groove 5 is a water retaining strip made of waste stone from a facing stone mine, with a width of 3 to 4 cm, a thickness of 1 to 1.5 cm, and a length of 80 to 100 cm; it is directly adhered to the surface of the slope 1 of the facing stone mine, and the bottom of each rainwater guide groove 5 is located above the planting hole 2, and during rain, rainwater is introduced into the planting hole 2.

[0023] A vegetation restoration structure for high-steep facades of facing stone mines provided by the embodiment is as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown. Vegetation 7 is planted in the planting hole 2. The vegetation includes climbing vine plants 701, shrub plants 702 with a canopy covering or hanging-down hanging plants 703. There are multiple planting holes 2 on the slope 1 of the facing stone mine, and the plant species planted in adjacent planting holes 2 are different. The climbing height of the vine plants is 10 to 15 m, the canopy width of the shrub plants is 3 to 4 m, and the hanging length of the hanging plants is 2 to 3 m. The distribution spacing of the restoration plants used is jointly determined by the mining characteristics of the facing stone mine and the attributes of the restoration plants used. The vine plants can be selected from Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Mucuna sempervirens, Campsis grandiflora, Hedera nepalensis, etc.; the shrub plants can be selected from Vitex negundo var. heterophylla, Hibiscus syriacus, Robinia pseudoacacia, Hippohgae rhamnoides, etc.; the hanging plants can be selected from Salix babylonica, Jasminum nudiflorum, etc. The selected restoration plants are all native suitable plant varieties with strong stress resistance.

[0024] When the vegetation restoration structure for high-steep facades of facing stone mines in the embodiment is specifically constructed and applied, as Figure 3 shown, after a certain height is mined downward from the top of the mining slope of the facing stone mine, a platform with a width of 8 to 10 cm is built and then mined downward in turn until the bottom of the slope. Taking a certain facing stone mine as an example, the mining height of each level is 1.5 m. The selected restoration vegetation are all native suitable plant varieties with strong stress resistance. The vine plants can be selected from Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Mucuna sempervirens, Campsis grandiflora, Hedera nepalensis, etc.; the shrub plants can be selected from Vitex negundo var. heterophylla, Hibiscus syriacus, Robinia pseudoacacia, Hippohgae rhamnoides, etc.; the hanging plants can be selected from Salix babylonica, Jasminum nudiflorum, etc. The specific planting process is as follows: Step 1. Determine the height h that can be covered according to the attributes of the restoration plants 2i (i = 1 for vine plants, 2 for shrub plants, 3 for hanging plants). To ensure the requirement of full green coverage of the facing stone mine, the total coverage height ∑h of all restoration plants on the same vertical section2i = The total height H of the decorative stone mine. After determining the distribution spacing of the selected restoration plants, start planting the plants;

[0025] Step 2: Drill horizontal round holes with a diameter of 70 cm and a depth of 30 cm at each planting point on the slope 1 of the decorative stone mine as planting holes. Install a retaining plate with a thickness of 3 cm and a height of 35 cm protruding 4 cm outward on the side. Set 2 overflow holes with a diameter of 20 mm and a spacing of 10 cm at 8 cm above the bottom of the retaining plate. Fill the round holes with 40 cm thick special nutrient soil and plant the selected restoration plants in the holes. The retaining plate is made of rock slabs cut from waste stones of granite or marble mines on-site and glued to the outside of the round holes with marble glue; the overflow holes are obtained by drilling holes in the retaining plate, and the hole diameter does not need to be too large, ensuring that it can overflow during rain and keep about 8 cm of rainwater at the bottom of the round hole on sunny days. The special nutrient soil 6 in the planting hole 2 has a high organic matter content and contains a large amount of trace elements and active microorganisms, etc.

[0026] Step 3: Build a rainwater guide groove 6. Build rainwater guide grooves with a slope of 5% on both sides of the planting holes of the restoration plants to collect rainwater for irrigating the restoration plants. The rainwater guide groove is a water retaining strip made of waste stones of the mine, with a width of 3 cm, a thickness of 1 cm, and a length of 80 cm, glued to the outer surface of the mine, making the bottom of the guide groove exceed the edge of the round hole to ensure that rainwater can be collected into the round hole.

[0027] Step 4: Finally, plant the selected vegetation. After the vegetation at each planting point is planted, repeat Steps 2 to 4 according to the spacing in Step 1 for the next vegetation planting until the greening restoration of the slope 1 of the decorative stone mine is completed.

[0028] After the decorative stone mine is covered with greenery, it is necessary to conduct long-term tracking and observation on the growth of the restoration plants to ensure that the expected ecological restoration effect is achieved.

[0029] In summary, the content of the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Those with knowledge in the same field can easily propose other embodiments within the technical guiding ideology of the present utility model, but such embodiments are all included within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vegetation restoration structure for high and steep facades of facing stone mines, used for repairing the surface of facing stone mines, characterized by: The repair structure comprises a planting hole (2) directly opened on the slope of the facing stone mine (1), nutrient soil (6) filled in the planting hole (2), a retaining plate (3) is provided at the opening of the planting hole (2), the retaining plate (3) is fixed at the opening of the planting hole (2) and completely blocks the middle and lower area of ​​the planting hole (2), and an overflow hole (4) connected to the planting hole (2) is opened in the middle and lower part of the retaining plate (3), and a rainwater guide groove (5) is provided around the opening of the planting hole (2), and the rainwater guide groove (5) extends in a downwardly inclined state to the upper area of ​​the opening of the planting hole (2) that is not blocked by the retaining plate (3); The retaining plate (3) is a semicircular or arc-shaped structure with a diameter larger than the diameter of the planting hole (2). The retaining plate (3) is 3 cm to 5 cm thick and covers the area of ​​1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the lower part of the planting hole (2). The rainwater guide groove (5) is a water retaining strip made of waste stone from a facing stone mine, with a width of 3 to 4 cm, a thickness of 1 to 1.5 cm, and a length of 80 to 100 cm. The rainwater guide groove (5) is directly adhered to the surface of the slope (1) of the facing stone mine, and the bottom of each rainwater guide groove (5) is located above the planting hole (2). When it rains, the rainwater is guided into the planting hole (2).

2. The vegetation restoration structure for high and steep facades of facing stone mines according to claim 1 is characterized by: Vegetation (7) is planted in the planting holes (2), and the vegetation includes vines (701), shrubs (702) or hanging plants (703). A plurality of planting holes (2) are provided on the facing stone mine slope (1), and the plant species planted in adjacent planting holes (2) are different.

3. A vegetation restoration structure for high and steep facades in a facing stone mine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The planting hole (2) is a horizontal circular hole with a diameter of 60 cm to 80 cm and a depth of 30 cm to 40 cm, or an oblique circular hole with a downward inclination of less than 30°, which is drilled directly on the slope surface (1) of the facing stone mine.

4. A vegetation restoration structure for high and steep facades in a facing stone mine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rainwater guide grooves (5) are provided with two groups, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper part of the planting hole (2), and the inclination angle of each rainwater guide groove (5) is 5 to 10 degrees.

5. A vegetation restoration structure for high and steep facades in a facing stone mine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The retaining plate (3) is a waste rock plate from a facing stone mine, including a granite plate or a marble plate, and is directly bonded to the outside of the planting hole (2) by marble glue.

6. A vegetation restoration structure for high and steep facades in a facing stone mine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Two overflow holes (4) are provided, symmetrically arranged at a position 8 cm to 10 cm upward from the bottom of the retaining plate (3); the diameter of each overflow hole (4) is 20 to 25 mm, and the distance between the two overflow holes is 8 to 12 cm.

7. A vegetation restoration structure for high and steep facades in a facing stone mine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The filling thickness of the nutrient soil (6) in the planting hole (2) is not less than 1 / 2 of the hole diameter of the planting hole (2).

8. The vegetation restoration structure for high and steep facades of facing stone mines according to claim 2 is characterized by: The climbing height of the vine plant is 10-15m, the crown width of the shrub plant is 3-4m, and the downward hanging length of the hanging plant is 2-3m.

Images