Anti-unmanned aerial vehicle antenna structure

Abstract

The utility model provides an anti-unmanned aerial vehicle antenna structure, which comprises an antenna housing, a reflecting plate, a plurality of radio frequency cable joints arranged in the antenna housing, a feed network, an antenna half-wave oscillator, a power divider, a coupler, a directional coupler, a directional antenna system, a control system and a power supply unit, wherein a plurality of radio frequency cable probes are connected with the antenna half-wave oscillator; comprising a 868MHz / 915MHz radio frequency cable joint, a 1.5 GHz radio frequency cable joint, a + 2.4 GHz radio frequency cable joint, a-2.4 Ghz radio frequency cable joint, a 5.8 GHz radio frequency cable joint and a 533MHz-6000 MHz radio frequency cable joint. The antenna half-wave oscillator comprises a T-shaped antenna, a symmetrical antenna, a ceramic antenna and an aluminum plate antenna; the power divider is connected with the symmetrical antenna; the coupler is connected with the T-shaped antenna; the directional coupler is connected with the ceramic antenna; the directional antenna system is connected with the control system. The antenna provided by the utility model is smaller in structure, improves the interference precision, reduces the energy consumption, enhances the anti-interference capability, and is higher in antenna gain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of anti-UAV, in particular to an anti-UAV antenna structure. Background Art

[0002] Anti-UAV system refers to the anti-UAV defense system that counters UAV systems, including missile strikes on UAVs, UAV early warning and monitoring, electronic interference, laser interception and other technical system means, which belong to anti-UAV technology.

[0003] Existing anti-drone antennas have the following problems:

[0004] 1. The existing antenna gain is low, and the size is large, resulting in electromagnetic wave spillover, and its performance cannot effectively interfere with ordinary consumer-grade drones and special link drones.

[0005] 2. The interference accuracy of directional electromagnetic waves is low.

[0006] 3. Ordinary antennas have simple structures and large power losses.

[0007] 4. The antenna has weak anti-interference ability and is easily affected by the external electromagnetic environment.

[0008] 5. The antennas cannot be effectively integrated. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above technical deficiencies.

[0010] To this end, the purpose of the present invention is to propose an anti-UAV antenna structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology and overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0011] In order to achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-UAV antenna structure, comprising:

[0012] Radome, reflector, multiple radio frequency cable connectors installed in the radome, feed network, antenna half-wave dipole, power divider, coupler, directional coupler, directional antenna system, control system, power supply unit, wherein,

[0013] The multiple radio frequency cable probes are connected to the antenna half-wave oscillator, including: 868MHz / 915MHz radio frequency cable connector, 1.5GHz radio frequency cable connector, +2.4GHz radio frequency cable connector, -2.4Ghz radio frequency cable connector, 5.8GHz radio frequency cable connector and 5333MHz~6000MHz radio frequency cable connector;

[0014] The feeding network is connected to the antenna half-wave element to transmit the electrical signal to the antenna half-wave element;

[0015] The antenna half-wave oscillator includes: T-type antenna, symmetrical antenna, ceramic antenna and aluminum plate antenna, wherein,

[0016] The T-shaped antenna is a 1.5GHz T-shaped antenna, comprising an antenna vibrator, a support column, and a down lead. A vertical down lead is connected to the center of the horizontal conductor to form a T-shaped orthogonal antenna, which serves as a vertically grounded orthogonal antenna.

[0017] The symmetrical antenna is an 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna, wherein the two parts of the 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna are equal in length and are disconnected in the center and connected to a feeding wire, and are used as a transmitting and receiving antenna;

[0018] The ceramic antenna is a 2.4GHz antenna. The 2.4GHz antenna is a multi-layer ceramic antenna sintered into a low-temperature co-fired layer. The multi-layer ceramics are stacked in position and sintered at a high temperature. The antenna metal conductor is printed in each ceramic dielectric layer.

[0019] The aluminum plate antenna is a 5333-6000MHz antenna;

[0020] The power splitter is connected to the symmetrical antenna to split one output signal energy into two or more outputs;

[0021] The coupler is connected to the T-shaped antenna to distribute the energy of the input signal through electric field and magnetic field coupling, with a portion being output at the coupling end and the remaining portion being output at the output end;

[0022] The directional coupler is connected to the ceramic antenna, and the directional coupler samples the microwave signal flowing in a specified direction to separate and isolate the signal;

[0023] The directional antenna system is connected to the control system;

[0024] The power supply unit is connected to the radio frequency cable connector, the feeding network, the antenna half-wave oscillator, the power divider, the coupler, the directional coupler, the directional antenna system and the control system to provide power.

[0025] The radio frequency cable connector, feeding network, antenna half-wave oscillator, power divider, coupler and directional coupler are installed on the reflection plate.

[0026] Preferably, any of the above solutions is that the antenna cover is made of ABS material.

[0027] Preferably, any of the above solutions uses the following three lines to transmit the electrical signal from the feeding network to the antenna element: microstrip line, coaxial cable, and air plate line.

[0028] Preferably, according to any of the above solutions, the power divider is an impedance converter.

[0029] Preferably, from any of the above solutions, the power splitter is a 868MHz / 915MHz power splitter, and the 868MHz / 915MHz power splitter is connected to a 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna.

[0030] Preferably, any of the above solutions includes: a 1.5 GHz coupler, and the 1.5 GHz coupler is connected to the 1.5 GHz T-type antenna.

[0031] Preferably, from any of the above solutions, the directional coupler comprises: a 2.4 GHz directional coupler, and the 2.4 GHz directional coupler is connected to the 2.4 GHz ceramic antenna.

[0032] Preferably, any of the above solutions further includes: omnidirectional radio interference equipment.

[0033] Preferably, from any of the above schemes, the 868 MHz / 915 MHz symmetrical antennas are located on the left and right sides of the reflector and centered vertically, the 1.5 GHz T-shaped antenna is located inside the 868 MHz / 915 MHz symmetrical antenna, the 2.4 GHz antenna is located at the four corners of the reflector, and the 5.8 GHz antenna is arranged in the center;

[0034] Preferably, any of the above solutions is that the power splitter and a plurality of radio frequency module cable probes are installed on the back of the reflector, and the power splitter is located in the center of the back of the reflector.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] 1. The orthogonal structure antenna has a more scientific and reasonable structure, a more compact design, saves space, and adopts a variety of antenna materials, which makes the mutual influence between different frequencies of various materials smaller, achieving perfect structural fusion.

[0037] 2. The orthogonal structure is more compact, easy to install, more powerful, and has higher gain. Compared with antennas of the same size, it has better performance.

[0038] 3. Use more advanced orthogonal antenna signal transmission and processing technology to accurately and directionally interfere with the communication signals of the target drone and improve the interference accuracy.

[0039] 4. Optimize circuit management and power allocation strategies to reduce energy consumption and extend antenna service life.

[0040] 5. Improve the equipment's own resistance to external electromagnetic interference, enhance anti-interference capabilities, and ensure stable and reliable operation.

[0041] 6. The higher the antenna gain, the better the directivity, the more concentrated the energy, and the narrower the beam lobe.

[0042] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will become apparent from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0044] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the front side (radiating unit) of the anti-UAV antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a reflective plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0046] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a directional coupler according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a radome according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the anti-UAV antenna structure according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0049] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a power divider according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0050] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Among them: 1. 868MHz / 915MHz RF cable connector; 2. 1.5GHz RF cable connector; 3. +2.4GHz RF cable connector; 4. -2.4GHz RF cable connector; 5.8GHz RF cable connector; 6. 5333MHz-6GHz RF cable connector; 7. 1.5GHz coupler; 8. 2.4GHz directional coupler; 9. power splitter; 10. mechanical mounting holes; 11. 5.8GHz antenna; 12. 5.8GHz antenna element; 13. 1.5GHz antenna; 14. 1.5GHz antenna element; 15. 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna; 16. 868MHz / 915MHz antenna element; 17. 2.4GHz antenna; 18. 2.4GHz antenna element; 19. reflector; 20. radome. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0053] First, it's important to note that an antenna is one that can effectively radiate electromagnetic waves in a specific direction in space, or effectively receive electromagnetic waves from a specific direction in space. The lobe with the strongest radiation intensity is called the main lobe, the remaining lobes are called secondary lobes or side lobes, and the last one is called the back lobe.

[0054] The anti-UAV antenna structure of the embodiment of the present invention adopts an orthogonal dual-polarization antenna, including: a radome 19, a reflector, multiple RF cable connectors installed in the radome 20, a feeding network, an antenna half-wave oscillator, a power divider, a coupler, a directional coupler, a directional antenna system, a control system, and a power supply unit.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the antenna cover 20 is made of ABS material, which is related to the protection performance of the antenna. The quality of the protective shell may affect the service life and performance of the antenna.

[0056] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the reflector 19 serves as the antenna support plate. After the entire aluminum plate is sintered at high temperature, the metal portion of the antenna is embedded in the antenna support plate. Mechanical mounting holes 10 are located on the outer ring of the antenna support plate, through which screws are inserted to secure the radome 20 to the housing.

[0057] A power divider 9 and a plurality of radio frequency module cable probes are installed on the back of the reflector 19 , and the power divider 9 is located in the center of the back of the reflector 19 .

[0058] Multiple RF cable probes are connected to the antenna half-wave oscillator, including: 868MHz / 915MHz RF cable connector 1, 1.5GHz RF cable connector 2, +2.4GHz RF cable connector, -2.4GHz RF cable connector, 5.8GHz RF cable connector and 5333MHz~6000MHz RF cable connector 6.

[0059] Specifically, the 868MHz / 915MHz RF cable connector 1 is responsible for connecting the electromagnetic wave signal transmission between the RF module 868MHz / 915MHz and the antenna.

[0060] 1.5GHz RF cable connector 2: Responsible for connecting the electromagnetic wave signal transmission between the 1.5GHz RF module and the orthogonal antenna.

[0061] +2.4GHz RF cable connector 3: Responsible for connecting the electromagnetic wave signal transmission between the RF module +2.4GHz and the orthogonal antenna.

[0062] -2.4 GHz RF cable connector 4: responsible for connecting the electromagnetic wave signal transmission between the RF module -2.4 GHz and the orthogonal antenna.

[0063] 5.8GHz RF cable connector 5: responsible for connecting the electromagnetic wave signal transmission between the RF module V5.8GHz and the orthogonal antenna.

[0064] 5333MHz~6000MHz RF cable connector 6: responsible for connecting the electromagnetic wave signal transmission between the RF module 5333MHz~6000MHz and the antenna.

[0065] The feeding network is connected to the antenna half-wave element to transmit the electrical signal to the antenna half-wave element.

[0066] The feed network transmits electrical signals to the antenna element through three lines: microstrip line, coaxial cable, and air plate line.

[0067] Specifically, the feed network is the line that transmits the electrical signal from the device to the antenna element. It generally comes in three types: microstrip line, coaxial cable, and air-strip line. The production process and materials used significantly influence antenna performance. Besides design and technical factors, the main differences in antennas generally lie in production process and materials.

[0068] Antenna half-wave oscillators include: T-type antennas, symmetrical antennas, ceramic antennas and aluminum plate antennas.

[0069] (1) The T-shaped antenna is a 1.5GHz T-shaped antenna, consisting of an antenna element, a support column, and a down conductor. A vertical down conductor is connected to the center of the horizontal conductor to form a T-shaped orthogonal antenna, serving as a vertically grounded orthogonal antenna. To improve efficiency, the horizontal portion is composed of multiple conductors.

[0070] The 1.5 GHz antenna 13 is an orthogonal antenna array composed of two symmetrical 1.5 GHz antenna elements 14 of the same shape that interfere with each other orthogonally.

[0071] (2) Symmetrical antennas are 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antennas. The two parts of an 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna are equal in length, disconnected at the center, and connected to a feed wire, serving as both a transmitting and receiving antenna. Antennas constructed in this way are called symmetrical antennas. Because antennas are sometimes called dipoles, symmetrical antennas are also called symmetrical dipoles. A symmetrical dipole with a total length of half a wavelength is called a half-wave dipole, also known as a half-wave dipole orthogonal antenna.

[0072] (3) The 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna 15 is an orthogonal antenna array consisting of two symmetrical oscillators of the same shape and orthogonal interference. The power divider 9 is connected to the 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna and the 868MHz / 915MHz antenna oscillator 16.

[0073] (4) The ceramic antenna is a 2.4GHz antenna. The 2.4GHz antenna uses a multilayer ceramic antenna sintered into a low-temperature co-fired structure. The multilayer ceramics are stacked in a parallel position and sintered at a high temperature. Therefore, the antenna metal conductor can be printed in each ceramic dielectric layer according to the design requirements. This can effectively reduce the size of the antenna. Since the dielectric constant of ceramic itself is higher than that of the PCB circuit board, the use of ceramic antennas can effectively reduce the size of the antenna.

[0074] The 2.4 GHz antenna 17 is an orthogonal antenna array composed of four symmetrical 2.4 GHz antenna elements 18 of the same shape and orthogonal interference with each other.

[0075] (5) Aluminum plate antenna 5333MHz~6000MHz antenna.

[0076] The 5.8 GHz antenna 11 is an orthogonal antenna array composed of eight planar antenna-symmetrical 5.8 GHz antenna elements 12 of the same shape and orthogonal interference.

[0077] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna 15 is located on the left and right sides of the reflector 19 and centered vertically. The 1.5GHz T-shaped antenna 13 is located on the inner side of the 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna. The 2.4GHz antenna 17 is located at the four corners of the reflector, and the 5.8GHz antenna 11 is arranged in the center.

[0078] like Figure 6 As shown, the power divider 9 is connected to the symmetrical antenna to divide the output signal energy of one path into two or more paths. The power divider is an impedance transformer.

[0079] In the present invention, the power divider 9 is an 868MHz / 915MHz power divider, and the 868MHz / 915MHz power divider is connected to an 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna.

[0080] The coupler is connected to the T-shaped antenna to distribute the energy of the input signal through electric field and magnetic field coupling, with a portion becoming the output of the coupling end and the remaining portion becoming the output of the output end.

[0081] Specifically, a coupler is a component that distributes the energy of an input signal through electric and magnetic field coupling, with a portion being output at the coupling end and the remaining portion being output at the output end, thereby completing power distribution.

[0082] like Figure 7 As shown, the coupler includes: a 1.5 GHz coupler, and the 1.5 GHz coupler is connected to a 1.5 GHz T-shaped antenna 13 .

[0083] The directional coupler is connected to the ceramic antenna, and the directional coupler samples the microwave signal flowing in a specified direction to separate and isolate the signal.

[0084] Specifically, the directional coupler samples microwave signals in a specified direction, with the main purpose of separating and isolating signals, or conversely mixing different signals. When there is no internal load, the directional coupler is often a four-port network.

[0085] like Figure 3 As shown, the directional coupler includes a 2.4 GHz directional coupler 8 , and the 2.4 GHz directional coupler 8 is connected to a 2.4 GHz ceramic antenna 17 .

[0086] The directional antenna system is connected to the control system. It utilizes a specially designed antenna array to ensure uniform distribution of jamming signals within a specific angular range, ensuring comprehensive coverage and enabling targeted interference targeting of drones. The control system also integrates a frequency control unit, which is used to set parameters such as jamming frequency and operating mode, and can adjust the jamming strategy based on actual conditions.

[0087] The power supply unit connects to the RF cable connector, feed network, antenna half-wave element, power splitter, coupler, directional coupler, directional antenna system, and control system to provide power. The power supply unit provides stable and reliable power support for the entire system, ensuring long-term continuous operation.

[0088] In the present invention, the radio frequency cable connector, the feeding network, the antenna half-wave dipole, the power divider, the coupler, and the directional coupler are installed on the reflector 19 .

[0089] The anti-UAV antenna structure of this utility model also includes an omnidirectional radio jammer. This device operates based on radio wave jamming technology. When a drone communicates with a ground control station or satellite, the device transmits a strong jamming signal that matches the target drone's communication frequency band. This jamming signal overwhelms or confuses the drone's legitimate signals, preventing it from correctly interpreting control commands or positioning information, thereby forcing the drone to land, hover, or return.

[0090] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the present invention encompasses any combination of the components described in the above specification and the detailed description, as well as the components shown in the accompanying drawings. Due to space limitations and to maintain clarity, not all of the various solutions resulting from these combinations are described. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0092] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An anti-UAV antenna structure, characterized in that: The anti-UAV antenna structure adopts an orthogonal dual-polarization antenna, including: a radome, a reflector, multiple radio frequency cable connectors installed in the radome, a feed network, an antenna half-wave dipole, a power divider, a coupler, a directional coupler, a directional antenna system, a control system, and a power supply unit, wherein: The multiple radio frequency cable connectors are connected to the antenna half-wave oscillator, including: 868MHz / 915MHz radio frequency cable connector, 1.5GHz radio frequency cable connector, +2.4GHz radio frequency cable connector, -2.4Ghz radio frequency cable connector, 5.8GHz radio frequency cable connector and 5333MHz~6000MHz radio frequency cable connector; The feeding network is connected to the antenna half-wave element to transmit the electrical signal to the antenna half-wave element; The antenna half-wave oscillator includes: T-type antenna, symmetrical antenna, ceramic antenna and aluminum plate antenna, wherein, The T-shaped antenna is a 1.5GHz T-shaped antenna, comprising an antenna vibrator, a support column, and a down lead. A vertical down lead is connected to the center of the horizontal conductor to form a T-shaped orthogonal antenna, which serves as a vertically grounded orthogonal antenna. The symmetrical antenna is an 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna, wherein the two parts of the 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna are equal in length and are disconnected in the center and connected to a feeding wire, and are used as a transmitting and receiving antenna; The ceramic antenna is a 2.4GHz antenna. The 2.4GHz antenna is a multi-layer ceramic antenna sintered into a low-temperature co-fired layer. The multi-layer ceramics are stacked in position and sintered at a high temperature. The antenna metal conductor is printed in each ceramic dielectric layer. The aluminum plate antenna is a 5333-6000MHz antenna; The power splitter is connected to the symmetrical antenna to split one output signal energy into two or more outputs; The coupler is connected to the T-shaped antenna to distribute the energy of the input signal through electric field and magnetic field coupling, with a portion being output at the coupling end and the remaining portion being output at the output end; The directional coupler is connected to the ceramic antenna, and the directional coupler samples the microwave signal flowing in a specified direction to separate and isolate the signal; The directional antenna system is connected to the control system; The power supply unit is connected to the radio frequency cable connector, the feed network, the antenna half-wave dipole, the power splitter, the coupler, the directional coupler, the directional antenna system and the control system to provide power; The radio frequency cable connector, feeding network, antenna half-wave oscillator, power divider, coupler and directional coupler are installed on the reflection plate.

2. The anti-UAV antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna cover is made of ABS material.

3. The anti-UAV antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed network transmits the electrical signal to the antenna element through the following three lines: microstrip line, coaxial cable, and air plate line.

4. The anti-UAV antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power divider is an impedance converter.

5. The anti-UAV antenna structure according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The power divider is an 868MHz / 915MHz power divider, and the 868MHz / 915MHz power divider is connected to an 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna.

6. The anti-UAV antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupler includes: a 1.5 GHz coupler, and the 1.5 GHz coupler is connected to the 1.5 GHz T-shaped antenna.

7. The anti-UAV antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional coupler includes: a 2.4 GHz directional coupler, and the 2.4 GHz directional coupler is connected to the 2.4 GHz antenna.

8. The anti-UAV antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Omnidirectional radio jamming device.

9. The anti-UAV antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antennas are located on the left and right sides of the reflector and centered vertically. The 1.5GHz T-shaped antenna is located inside the 868MHz / 915MHz symmetrical antenna. The 2.4GHz antennas are located at the four corners of the reflector, and the 5.8GHz antenna is arranged in the center.

10. The anti-UAV antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power splitter and a plurality of radio frequency module cable probes are installed on the back of the reflector, and the power splitter is located in the center of the back of the reflector.

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