Treatment device for biomass direct-combustion coupling power generation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a processing device for biomass direct-combustion coupling power generation, which relates to the field of biomass direct-combustion coupling power generation and comprises a crushing bin, a stock bin, a conveying piece and matched parts, the interior of the stock bin is divided into a feeding bin and a discharging bin through a transverse sieve plate, and the transverse sieve plate is connected with an inclined sieve plate to form a sieving channel; a conveying piece on the outer side of the crushing bin drives a claw hook to convey large-particle materials in the feeding bin back to the crushing bin, and the large-particle materials are matched with crushing teeth to achieve circulating crushing. And an electric heating wire is matched with a heat preservation layer, so that material caking is avoided. Through grading screening, directional circulation crushing and anti-blocking and anti-caking design, the device can efficiently complete biomass pretreatment, material uniformity and device stability are improved, energy consumption and maintenance cost are reduced, and the device is suitable for the direct-combustion coupling power generation pretreatment link of biomass such as wood and straw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of biomass direct-combustion coupled power generation, in particular to a processing device for biomass direct-combustion coupled power generation. Background Art

[0002] Amidst the shift in energy structure and rising environmental protection requirements, biomass direct combustion coupled power generation technology has become a key development direction in the new energy sector, as it effectively utilizes renewable resources like wood and straw while reducing carbon emissions. The core of this technology is to pre-process biomass feedstock through crushing and screening before feeding it into a combustion system to generate electricity in conjunction with conventional energy sources, achieving a balance between efficient energy utilization and environmental protection goals.

[0003] However, the current biomass pretreatment equipment still has many technical bottlenecks in practical applications. First, the crushing process mostly relies on a single crushing mechanism. Due to the large differences in the physical properties of biomass raw materials, uneven crushing particle size is prone to occur. Large particles mixed into the subsequent combustion system will lead to incomplete combustion, which not only reduces the power generation efficiency, but may also cause safety hazards such as slagging. Secondly, the screening and recycling processing mechanism is not perfect: the sieve plates of traditional devices are mostly single-plane designs, and material accumulation can easily cause sieve hole blockage, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning; at the same time, large particles that do not meet the standards lack an efficient return path and often rely on manual sorting and return, which increases labor costs and processing cycles.

[0004] Furthermore, the moisture content of biomass feedstock is significantly affected by the environment. When wet, it tends to clump and stick together, leading to a sharp drop in screening efficiency and even blockages in conveying pipelines. While some existing devices are equipped with heating components, most are monolithic, resulting in high energy consumption and poor heating uniformity, making them difficult to adapt to the processing needs of feedstocks of varying moisture levels. Furthermore, the synergy between the crushing and conveying mechanisms is insufficient. For example, mechanical interference between the return components and the feed inlet can easily occur, affecting the continuous operation stability of the device and restricting the automation and large-scale application of the pretreatment process.

[0005] Therefore, developing a biomass pretreatment device that can achieve efficient crushing, precise screening, adaptive circulation processing, and has anti-clogging and low energy consumption characteristics is of great significance to improving the economy and reliability of biomass direct combustion coupled power generation technology. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a processing device for direct combustion of biomass coupled with power generation, which sends the biomass raw materials that have been preliminarily cleaned of impurities and iron to the feed bin of the silo by a conveyor belt, grabs them to the crushing bin by the claw hook on the conveyor, and falls into the silo after being crushed by the crushing teeth. After screening by the oblique screen plate and the horizontal screen plate, the qualified materials enter the discharge bin and are pneumatically conveyed to the power generation system. The large particles are brought back to the crushing bin by the claw hook for cyclic crushing. At the same time, the scraper cleans the sieve plate and the electric heating wire prevents agglomeration, thereby realizing biomass pretreatment.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device includes a crushing bin, wherein the crushing bin is provided with crushing teeth that rotate relative to each other, and a driving device is provided on the side of the crushing bin, wherein the driving device is drivingly connected to the crushing teeth. The device is characterized in that a hopper is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the crushing bin, and a transverse screen plate is fixedly mounted on one side of the hopper, wherein the transverse screen plate divides the hopper into an upper feed bin and a lower discharge bin;

[0009] The other side of the transverse screen plate is connected and fixedly installed with an oblique screen plate, and the other side of the oblique screen plate is installed to the side of the bottom of the crushing chamber away from the transverse screen plate;

[0010] Several mounting plates are provided on the side of the crushing chamber body close to the transverse screen plate, and a conveying member is fixedly installed between the mounting plates. The bottom of the conveying member extends into the inner side of the feed chamber. Multiple groups of claw hooks are provided on the conveying member, and the conveying member drives the claw hooks to transmit toward the entrance of the crushing chamber.

[0011] A trumpet-shaped feed port is fixedly installed at the entrance of the crushing bin, and an avoidance groove is provided at the feed port where the claw hook path is located.

[0012] A cylinder is fixedly installed on the side of the silo, and a telescopic rod of the cylinder passes into the interior of the silo. A scraper is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic rod, and the scraper is attached to the upper surface of the oblique screen plate.

[0013] Guide holes are provided on both sides of the scraper, a guide shaft is fixedly installed on the inner side of the silo, and the guide holes are sleeved on the guide shaft.

[0014] The conveying member is a chain conveyor belt, the claw hooks are distributed at equal intervals along the length direction of the chain, and the ends of the claw hooks are curved in an arc shape, and the bending direction is consistent with the conveying direction.

[0015] An electric heating wire is installed in the silo shell, and an outer side of the electric heating wire is wrapped with a heat preservation layer.

[0016] Biomass raw materials such as wood and straw are initially cleaned of impurities and iron before being placed on a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt terminates in a feed hopper above a horizontal screen plate inside the silo. The material is then grabbed by a claw hook and conveyed to the crushing silo entrance. It then enters the device through the trumpet-shaped feed port at the crushing silo entrance. A drive mechanism drives the crushing teeth inside the crushing silo to engage and rotate, crushing the material. The crushed material falls into the silo below, first contacting and sliding down the inclined screen plate. Material that meets the particle size requirements passes through the sieve holes and enters the discharge silo below, while larger particles that do not meet the requirements slide onto the horizontal screen plate. The vibration of the crushing chamber causes the horizontal screen plate to further screen, and the fine materials also fall into the discharge bin. The remaining large particles are driven by the conveying parts between the installation plates, grabbed by the claws and conveyed to the entrance of the crushing chamber, and re-enter the crushing chamber through the avoidance groove for secondary crushing, forming a cyclic crushing mechanism. The control of large particles is determined by the aperture size of the oblique screen plate and the horizontal screen plate, and the spacing between the claws is adjusted to a diameter slightly larger than the aperture, so that the claws can cooperate with the aperture for cyclic crushing.

[0017] At the same time, a pneumatic cylinder drives a telescopic rod, which propels a scraper back and forth along the guide shaft, clearing any material adhering to the oblique surface of the screen plate and preventing clogging of the screen apertures. Electric heating wires within the silo shell, combined with the insulation layer, heat the material within, preventing the damp biomass from clumping and ensuring smooth screening and conveying. Finally, qualified material from the discharge silo is pneumatically conveyed to the direct-fired coupled power generation system, completing the biomass pretreatment process.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] Improve crushing efficiency and material uniformity: Through the graded screening of the oblique screen plate and the transverse screen plate and the cyclic crushing mechanism of the engaging claw hook, large-particle materials can be targeted for secondary crushing, solving the problem of uneven particle size after single crushing in traditional devices. This makes the particle size of biomass raw materials more in line with the feed requirements of direct-fired coupled power generation and reduces the situation of incomplete subsequent combustion.

[0020] Enhanced operational stability of the device: The reciprocating cleaning action of the scraper along the guide shaft can effectively prevent the oblique screen plate from being blocked due to material adhesion; the electric heating wire in the silo shell and the insulation layer can prevent the wet biomass from agglomerating. The two work together to ensure the smoothness of the screening and conveying links, reduce the probability of device shutdown due to malfunction, and improve the continuous operation capability.

[0021] Optimized material conveying and circulation design: The bottom of the conveyor element extends deep into the feed bin, and the claw hook spacing is adapted to the sieve plate aperture, ensuring that large particles can be accurately grabbed and returned to the crushing bin, forming an efficient closed-loop circulation, reducing material accumulation and the need for manual intervention; the avoidance slot design of the trumpet-shaped feed port avoids interference between the claw hook and the feed structure, improving the coordination of mechanical operation.

[0022] Reduce energy consumption and maintenance costs: Through graded screening and directional cycle crushing, there is no need to repeatedly crush all materials, reducing ineffective energy consumption; combined with the simplified transmission and cleaning mechanism, the maintenance frequency and cost of the device are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front structural perspective view of a biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the bottom structure of a biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device of the utility model;

[0026] In the figure: 1. Crushing bin; 2. Material bin; 11. Crushing teeth; 12. Feed port; 21. Horizontal screen plate; 22. Oblique screen plate; 23. Feed bin; 24. Discharge bin; 31. Mounting plate; 32. Conveying part; 33. Claw hook; 34. Avoidance groove; 4. Cylinder; 41. Scraper; 42. Guide hole; 43. Guide shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be fully described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device includes a crushing bin 1, wherein the crushing bin 1 is provided with crushing teeth 11 that rotate relative to each other, and a driving device is provided on the side of the crushing bin 1, wherein the driving device is drivingly connected to the crushing teeth 11. It is characterized in that a silo 2 is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the crushing bin 1, and a transverse screen plate 21 is fixedly mounted on one side of the silo 2, wherein the transverse screen plate 21 divides the silo 2 into an upper feed bin 23 and a lower discharge bin 24;

[0029] The other side of the transverse screen plate 21 is connected and fixedly installed with an oblique screen plate 22, and the other side of the oblique screen plate 22 is installed to the side of the bottom of the crushing chamber 1 away from the transverse screen plate 21;

[0030] A plurality of mounting plates 31 are provided on the outer side of the crushing chamber 1 close to the transverse screen plate 21 and protrude outward. A conveying member 32 is fixedly installed between the mounting plates 31. The bottom of the conveying member 32 extends into the inner side of the feed chamber 23. A plurality of claw hooks 33 are provided on the conveying member 32. The conveying member 32 drives the claw hooks 33 to transmit toward the entrance of the crushing chamber 1.

[0031] A trumpet-shaped feed port 12 is fixedly installed at the entrance of the crushing bin 1 , and an avoidance groove 34 is provided at the feed port 12 where the claw hook 33 is located.

[0032] A cylinder 4 is fixedly installed on the side of the silo 2 , and a telescopic rod of the cylinder 4 passes into the interior of the silo 2 . A scraper 41 is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic rod, and the scraper 41 is attached to the upper surface of the oblique screen plate 22 .

[0033] Guide holes 42 are provided on both sides of the scraper 41 , and a guide shaft 43 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the silo 2 , and the guide holes 42 are sleeved on the guide shaft 43 .

[0034] The conveying member 32 is a chain conveyor belt, and the claw hooks 33 are distributed at equal intervals along the length direction of the chain. The ends of the claw hooks 33 are curved in an arc shape, and the curvature direction is consistent with the conveying direction.

[0035] An electric heating wire is installed in the shell of the silo 2, and the outer side of the electric heating wire is wrapped with a heat-insulating layer.

[0036] The following is a specific implementation method based on the working principle and the collaborative operation of components:

[0037] Inside the crushing bin 1, two sets of crushing teeth 11 are mounted on a bearing seat via a rotating shaft and connected to a reduction motor coupling. The tips of the teeth 11 rotate relative to each other as the motor drives them. When biomass feed enters through the trumpet-shaped feed port 12, the teeth 11 rapidly shear and crush the material, which then falls directly into the hopper 2 below.

[0038] The silo 2 is fixedly connected to the crushing bin 1 through side plates, and the internal transverse sieve plate 21 is welded to the oblique sieve plate 22 to form a two-stage processing path: the crushed material first slides down along the oblique sieve plate 22, and the small particles fall directly into the discharge bin 24; the large particles that do not pass through slide to the transverse sieve plate 21, and are further screened under the working vibration of the crushing bin 1. The remaining small particles pass through the transverse sieve plate 21 and fall into the discharge bin 24, and the remaining large particles remain in the feed bin 23.

[0039] Biomass raw materials such as wood and straw are placed on the conveyor belt after preliminary impurity and iron removal. The end of the conveyor belt also passes into the feed bin 23 above the horizontal screen plate 21 in the silo 2. At this time, the chain conveyor between the mounting plates 31 is started, and its bottom penetrates into the feed bin 23. The spacing between the claw hooks 33 on the chain conveyor is set to be slightly larger than the aperture of the sieve plate, so that large particles and newly entered biomass raw materials can be grabbed, rise along the transmission path, and return to the entrance of the crushing bin 1 through the avoidance groove 34 of the feed port 12 to complete the cyclic crushing.

[0040] During operation, the cylinder 4 outside the silo 2 drives the scraper 41 to reciprocate along the guide shaft 43, and through the clearance fit of the guide hole 42, it closes to the oblique screen plate 22 to clean the adhering materials; at the same time, the electric heating wires 25 in the silo 2 are distributed along the circumference, and cooperate with the rock wool insulation layer to maintain the temperature in the silo at 60℃±5℃ through the temperature controller to prevent the wet materials from agglomerating.

[0041] All components work together to form a closed loop: the crushing efficiency of the crushing teeth 11, the grading accuracy of the screen plate, the return rhythm of the claw hook 33, the cleaning frequency of the scraper 41 and the temperature control accuracy of the heating system are matched with each other. Qualified materials are pneumatically conveyed from the discharge bin 24 to the subsequent power generation system, realizing a continuous and efficient pretreatment process.

Claims

1. A biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device, comprising a crushing chamber (1), wherein crushing teeth (11) are provided in the crushing chamber (1) and are relatively engaged and rotated, and a driving device is provided on both sides of the crushing chamber (1), wherein the driving device is connected to the crushing teeth (11) in a driving manner, characterized in that: A silo (2) is fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the crushing bin (1), and a transverse screen plate (21) is fixedly mounted on one side of the silo (2), wherein the transverse screen plate (21) separates the silo (2) into an upper feed silo (23) and a lower discharge silo (24); The other side of the transverse sieve plate (21) is connected to and fixedly mounted with an oblique sieve plate (22), and the other side of the oblique sieve plate (22) is mounted to a side of the bottom of the crushing chamber (1) away from the transverse sieve plate (21); Two or more mounting plates (31) are provided on one side of the crushing chamber (1) protruding outwards and close to the transverse screen plate (21). A conveying member (32) is fixedly installed between the mounting plates (31). The bottom of the conveying member (32) extends deep into the inner side of the feed chamber (23). A plurality of claw hooks (33) are provided on the conveying member (32). The conveying member (32) drives the claw hooks (33) to transmit toward the entrance of the crushing chamber (1).

2. The biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A trumpet-shaped feed port (12) is fixedly installed at the entrance of the crushing bin (1), and an avoidance groove (34) is provided at the feed port (12) where the claw hook (33) is located.

3. The biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A cylinder (4) is fixedly mounted on the side of the silo (2), a telescopic rod of the cylinder (4) passes into the interior of the silo (2), a scraper (41) is fixedly mounted on the top of the telescopic rod, and the scraper (41) is attached to the upper surface of the oblique screen plate (22).

4. The biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Guide holes (42) are provided on both sides of the scraper (41), a guide shaft (43) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the silo (2), and the guide hole (42) is sleeved on the guide shaft (43).

5. The biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conveying member (32) is a chain conveyor belt, the claw hooks (33) are distributed at equal intervals along the length direction of the chain, and the ends of the claw hooks (33) are curved in an arc shape, and the curvature direction is consistent with the conveying direction.

6. The biomass direct combustion coupled power generation processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An electric heating wire is installed in the outer shell of the silo (2), and the outer side of the electric heating wire is wrapped with a heat-insulating layer.

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