Water pump

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water pump. The water pump comprises a pump shell; the pump cover is mounted at the opening end of the pump shell; the shell has a water inlet and a water outlet; the shielding sleeve is arranged in a cavity defined by the pump shell and the pump cover, the cavity is divided into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity, and the pump cavity is connected with the water inlet and the water outlet; the stator is arranged in the waterproof cavity; the rotor is arranged in the pump cavity, on one hand, the rotor can rotate relative to the shielding sleeve around the axis of the rotor in the first direction under the action of the stator, and on the other hand, the rotor can rotate relative to the shielding sleeve around the axis of the rotor in the second direction under the action of water flow when the water flow flows back to the water inlet from the water outlet; the first direction is opposite to the second direction; the rotor is provided with an impeller, at least part of the impeller extends into the pump cover, and the radial distance between the inner side wall of the pump cover and the outer edge of the impeller is gradually reduced from the water outlet in the second direction. When water flows back from the water outlet to the water inlet, water flow dispersion can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water pumps, in particular to a water pump. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of equipment in the home appliance industry, food industry, and automotive industry, electronic water pumps provide power output for the equipment's hot and cold water circulation and water supply.

[0003] Chinese invention patent publication number CN110966256A discloses a water pump backflow prevention device, which relates to the field of water pumps. The key technical features of the device are: a device for installation at the water inlet at the bottom of a water pump, comprising a mounting plate connected to the water pump and covering the water inlet; a plurality of water holes, each of which is provided on the mounting plate for liquid to pass through and enter the pump cavity of the water pump; and an elastic seal fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the mounting plate and covering each of the water holes, thereby disconnecting the water inlet from the water holes. When liquid enters the water holes, it impacts the elastic seal, causing it to deform, thereby connecting the water holes to the water inlet. The provision of the elastic seal reduces liquid backflow in the pump cavity, allowing liquid to be drained more thoroughly, resulting in a better drainage effect.

[0004] Although the above solution solves the problem of poor pumping effect, it also loses the energy that can be generated by water return.

[0005] In addition, in the prior art, the rotor assembly of the water pump is mostly of the following structure, including:

[0006] The rotor is made of magnetic steel and is used to rotate under the action of the stator;

[0007] The rotating shaft is installed at one end through the bearing and the end cover bracket, and at the other end through the bearing and the isolation sleeve (shielding sleeve, used to separate the pump casing into the waterproof chamber and the pump chamber), and coaxially passes through the rotor; when the water pump is assembled, the two ends of the rotating shaft are positioned on the end cover bracket and the isolation sleeve respectively;

[0008] An impeller is coaxially arranged at the end of one end of the rotor;

[0009] Its working principle is: when the stator is energized, it generates a magnetic field that forces the rotor to rotate relative to the shaft, thereby driving the impeller to rotate, thereby transporting the water entering the water pump through the water inlet to the water outlet. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a water pump to solve the above-mentioned problems, which can reduce the dispersion of water flow when the water flows back from the water outlet to the water inlet, and enhance the power of the water flow to push the impeller during the backflow.

[0011] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0012] A water pump, comprising:

[0013] a pump housing having an open end;

[0014] Pump cover, installed at the open end of the pump housing; has a water inlet and a water outlet;

[0015] The shielding sleeve is arranged in the cavity formed by the pump housing and the pump cover, and separates the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity, and the pump cavity is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet respectively;

[0016] a stator, disposed in the waterproof cavity;

[0017] The water pump also includes:

[0018] a rotor disposed in the pump chamber, capable of rotating relative to the shielding sleeve in a first direction about its axis under the action of the stator, and capable of rotating relative to the shielding sleeve in a second direction about its axis under the action of the water flow when the water flows back from the water outlet to the water inlet; the first direction is opposite to the second direction;

[0019] The rotor has an impeller, which at least partially extends into the pump cover, and the radial distance between the inner side wall of the pump cover and the outer edge of the impeller gradually decreases along the second direction starting from the water outlet.

[0020] Preferably, the minimum radial distance between the inner side wall of the pump cover and the outer edge of the impeller is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the maximum radial distance is 1.5-5 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the radial distance between the inner side wall of the pump cover and the outer edge of the impeller gradually decreases within a range of 270 degrees along the second direction starting from the water outlet.

[0022] Preferably, an annular inner ring is formed on the inner side wall of the pump cover, and the wall thickness of the annular inner ring gradually increases along the second direction starting from the water outlet.

[0023] Preferably, the impeller extends entirely into the pump cover.

[0024] A rotor for a water pump, the rotor being supported on a shielding sleeve of the water pump, comprising:

[0025] Rotation axis;

[0026] An impeller is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft;

[0027] The magnet is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft and extends into the shielding sleeve;

[0028] The end cover bracket is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft through the bearing and is located between the impeller and the magnet;

[0029] One end of the rotating shaft is coaxially mounted on the shielding sleeve through a bearing to realize support of one end of the rotating shaft on the shielding sleeve; the end cover bracket is coaxially mounted on the end surface of the open end of the shielding sleeve to realize support of the other end of the rotating shaft on the shielding sleeve.

[0030] Preferably, at least two positioning posts are provided on the end face of the open end of the shielding sleeve, and the end cover bracket is provided with positioning holes adapted to the positioning posts. The positioning posts are embedded in the positioning holes so that the end cover bracket can only move relative to the shielding sleeve along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0031] Preferably, the impeller comprises:

[0032] The impeller body is substantially circular, has an axial through hole, and a plurality of blades evenly distributed around the axial through hole;

[0033] an impeller cover connected to the blades to form a plurality of water outlet channels communicating with the axial through holes;

[0034] A bulge coaxial with the axial through hole is formed at the center of the impeller cover, and an outer side wall of the bulge forms a flow guide arc surface.

[0035] Preferably, the end cap bracket comprises:

[0036] The bracket body has a through hole coaxially formed at the center thereof;

[0037] A second bearing is coaxially mounted in the through hole and is used for clearance fit with the rotating shaft;

[0038] A positioning hole is located on the bracket body and is used to cooperate with the positioning post on the end surface of the open end of the shielding sleeve to limit the end cover bracket on the end surface of the shielding sleeve, so that the end cover bracket can only move relative to the shielding sleeve along the axial direction of the rotating shaft;

[0039] The water hole is located on the bracket body so that water flows through the water hole into the inside of the shielding sleeve.

[0040] Preferably, the end cap bracket further comprises:

[0041] The guide ribs are arranged such that the gap between two adjacent guide ribs is directly opposite to the water hole, and each guide rib extends into the shielding sleeve.

[0042] A water pump, comprising:

[0043] a pump housing having an open end;

[0044] Pump cover, installed on the open end of the pump casing;

[0045] The shielding sleeve is arranged in the cavity formed by the pump casing and the pump cover, and separates the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity;

[0046] a stator, disposed in the waterproof cavity;

[0047] The water pump further comprises: the rotor, which is located in the pump cavity.

[0048] Preferably, the end cover bracket is limited between the end face of the open end of the shielding sleeve and the pump cover. When the end cover bracket is in contact with the end face of the open end of the shielding sleeve, an axial spacing of 0.1-0.2 mm is left between the pump cover and the end cover bracket to allow the end cover bracket to move relative to the shielding sleeve along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0050] 1. The rotor is capable of rotating about its axis relative to the shielding sleeve in a second direction under the action of the water flow when water flows back from the water outlet to the water inlet. The impeller of the rotor at least partially extends into the pump cover, and the radial distance between the inner sidewall of the pump cover and the outer edge of the impeller gradually decreases along the second direction starting from the water outlet. This reduces water dispersion when water flows back from the water outlet to the water inlet, enhances the power of the water flow to push the impeller during backflow, and thus provides sufficient water flow power on the impeller, fully utilizing the energy of the water flow during backflow.

[0051] 2. Since the impeller and the magnet are coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft, the stability of the impeller during rotation is only affected by the stability of the rotating shaft assembly, and has better stability.

[0052] 3. The end cap bracket is positioned between the end surface of the shield sleeve opening and the pump cover. When the end cap bracket is in contact with the end surface of the shield sleeve opening, an axial spacing of 0.1-0.2mm is maintained between the pump cover and the end cap bracket to allow for axial movement of the end cap bracket relative to the shield sleeve along the rotating shaft. During operation, the end cap bracket can move axially within a fixed range but is not axially fixed. This effectively prevents rotor seizure caused by form and position tolerances such as component coaxiality during rotor operation, thus providing a regulating effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 This is an exploded diagram of a water pump according to the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the middle pump cover.

[0055] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Planar structural diagram of the middle impeller extending into the pump cover.

[0056] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a rotor of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Three-dimensional structure of the middle end cover bracket Figure 1 .

[0058] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Three-dimensional structure of the middle end cover bracket Figure 2 .

[0059] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A three-dimensional view of the middle impeller.

[0060] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Cross-section of the impeller.

[0061] Figure 9 The figure is an exploded view of a water pump including the rotor.

[0062] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an embodiment of the water pump of the present utility model.

[0063] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of the water pump of the utility model.

[0064] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a pump casing in one embodiment of the water pump of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 13 The three-dimensional structure of the pump cover in one embodiment of the water pump of the utility model Figure 1 .

[0066] Figure 14 The three-dimensional structure of the pump cover in one embodiment of the water pump of the utility model Figure 2 .

[0067] Figure 15 This is a plan view of a pump cover in one embodiment of the water pump of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of a shielding sleeve in one embodiment of the water pump of the present utility model.

[0069] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a stator in one embodiment of the water pump of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a controller in one embodiment of the water pump of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 19 This is a circuit principle block diagram of a controller in one embodiment of the water pump of the present utility model.

[0072] Figure 20 This is a circuit diagram of a controller in one embodiment of the water pump of the present invention.

[0073] The following are marked in the figure:

[0074] Pump housing 1; mounting hole 11; positioning rib 12; wire hole 13;

[0075] Pump cover 2; water inlet 21; water outlet 22; inner ring 23; step surface 24; nail hole 25;

[0076] Shielding sleeve 3; shielding sleeve body 31; first bearing 32; limiting rib 33; sealing groove 34; positioning column 35;

[0077] Rotor 4; rotating shaft 41; impeller 42; impeller body 421; axial through hole 4211; blades 4212; impeller cover 422; protrusion 4221; guide arc surface 4222; mounting groove 4223; water outlet channel 423; magnet 43; end cover bracket 44; bracket body 441; second bearing 442; positioning hole 443; water hole 444; guide rib 445;

[0078] stator 5; insulating frame 51; limiting column 511; limiting pin 512; positioning hook 513; stator core 52; winding coil 53; positioning slot 54; limiting slot 55;

[0079] Controller 6; Hall sensor 61; MCU 62; MOS tube 63; circuit board 64; circular hole 641; square hole 642; power line 65;

[0080] Sealing ring 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the following will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0082] like Figure 1 An exemplary water pump comprises:

[0083] A pump housing 1 having an open end;

[0084] The pump cover 2 is mounted on the open end of the pump housing 1, and a cavity is formed by the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2; the pump cover 2 has a water inlet 21 and a water outlet 22;

[0085] The shielding sleeve 3 is arranged in the cavity formed by the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2, and separates the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity. The pump cavity is connected to the water inlet 21 and the water outlet 22 respectively;

[0086] The stator 5 is arranged in the waterproof cavity;

[0087] The rotor 4 is disposed in the pump chamber and is capable of rotating about its axis in a first direction relative to the shielding sleeve 3 under the action of the stator 5. On the other hand, when water flows back from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21, it is capable of rotating about its axis in a second direction relative to the shielding sleeve 3 under the action of the water flow; the first direction is opposite to the second direction;

[0088] The rotor 4 includes an impeller 42, which at least partially extends into the pump cover 2. The radial distance between the inner sidewall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually decreases along the second direction starting from the water outlet 22. This reduces water diffusion when water flows back from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21, enhancing the force exerted by the water on the impeller 42 during backflow, thereby providing sufficient water flow force on the impeller 42.

[0089] In some practical applications, the minimum radial distance between the inner side wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the maximum radial distance is 1.5-5 mm. In other practical applications, the radial distance between the inner side wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually decreases within a range of 270 degrees along the second direction starting from the water outlet 22. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, in some specific implementations, an annular inner ring 23 is formed on the inner wall of the pump cover 2, and the wall thickness of the annular inner ring increases from the water outlet 22 along the second direction (which is also the direction in which the rotor is forced to rotate when water flows back from the water outlet to the water inlet). Figure 3 When the impeller 42 extends into the pump cover 2, it can be achieved that the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually decreases along the second direction starting from the water outlet 22.

[0090] In order to make fuller use of the energy of the water backflow, the impeller 42 is entirely extended into the pump cover 2 .

[0091] In the prior art, the rotor assembly of a water pump is generally of the following structure, including:

[0092] The rotor is made of magnetic steel and is used to rotate under the action of the stator;

[0093] The rotating shaft is installed at one end through the bearing and the end cover bracket, and at the other end through the bearing and the isolation sleeve (shielding sleeve, used to separate the pump casing into the waterproof chamber and the pump chamber), and coaxially passes through the rotor; when the water pump is assembled, the two ends of the rotating shaft are positioned on the end cover bracket and the isolation sleeve respectively;

[0094] An impeller is coaxially arranged at the end of one end of the rotor;

[0095] Its working principle is: when the stator is energized, it generates a magnetic field that forces the rotor to rotate relative to the shaft, thereby driving the impeller to rotate, thereby transporting the water entering the water pump through the water inlet to the water outlet.

[0096] like Figure 4 An exemplary water pump rotor is supported on a shielding sleeve 3 of the water pump and includes:

[0097] Rotation axis 41;

[0098] The impeller 42 is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 41;

[0099] The magnet 43 is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 41 and extends into the shielding sleeve 3;

[0100] The end cover bracket 44 is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft 41 through a bearing and is located between the impeller 42 and the magnet 43;

[0101] One end of the rotating shaft 41 is coaxially mounted on the shielding sleeve 3 via a bearing, thereby supporting one end of the rotating shaft 41 on the shielding sleeve 3. The end cap bracket 44 is coaxially mounted on the end surface of the open end of the shielding sleeve 3, thereby supporting the other end of the rotating shaft 41 on the shielding sleeve 3. When the rotating shaft 41 rotates, the impeller 42 and the magnet 43 rotate along with the rotating shaft 41, while the end cap bracket 44 remains stationary. In some practical applications, the magnet 43 rotates under the action of the stator of the water pump, thereby driving the rotating shaft 41 and the impeller 42 to rotate, while the end cap bracket 44 remains stationary. Because the impeller 42 and the magnet 43 are coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 41, the stability of the impeller 42 during rotation is only affected by the assembly stability of the rotating shaft 41, which provides better stability than the existing technology.

[0102] like Figure 5 、 Figure 9 As shown, in some practical applications, at least two positioning posts 35 are provided on the end face of the open end of the shielding sleeve 3, and a positioning hole 443 adapted to the positioning posts 35 is provided on the end cover bracket 44. The positioning posts 35 are embedded in the positioning holes 443, so that the end cover bracket 44 is limited to the end face of the open end of the shielding sleeve 3 and can only move relative to the shielding sleeve 3 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 41.

[0103] like Figure 7 、 Figure 8As shown, in some practical applications, the impeller 42 includes:

[0104] The impeller body 421 is substantially circular, having an axial through hole 4211 and a plurality of blades 4212 evenly distributed around the axial through hole 4211; in some practical implementations, the blades 4212 are arc-shaped structures;

[0105] The impeller cover 422 is connected to the blades 4212, thereby forming a plurality of water outlet channels 423 that communicate with the axial through hole 4211. In some practical implementations, the impeller cover 422 is provided with mounting grooves 4223, and the blades 4212 are embedded in the mounting grooves 4223, thereby connecting the impeller body 421 and the impeller cover 422 into a whole.

[0106] A protrusion 4221 coaxial with the axial through hole 4211 is formed at the center of the impeller cover 422. The gap formed between the protrusion 4221 and the edge of the axial through hole 4211 is the water inlet of the impeller 42. The outer wall of the protrusion 4221 forms a guide arc surface 4222. By utilizing the guiding effect of the guide arc surface 4222, the energy loss of the water flow can be reduced when the water flows from the water inlet 21 to the water outlet 22 or flows back from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21.

[0107] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, in some practical applications, the end cap bracket 44 includes:

[0108] The bracket body 441 has a through hole coaxially defined at its center.

[0109] The second bearing 442 is coaxially mounted in the through hole and is used for clearance fit with the rotating shaft 41. On the one hand, the end cover bracket 44 can rotate relative to the rotating shaft 41, and on the other hand, the end cover bracket 44 can move relative to the rotating shaft 41 along its axial direction.

[0110] Positioning holes 443 are located on the bracket body 441. Their number and position correspond to the positioning posts 35. The positioning posts 35 cooperate with the positioning holes 443 to limit the end cap bracket 44 on the open end surface of the shielding sleeve 3 (it can only move relative to the shielding sleeve along the axial direction of the rotating shaft and cannot rotate or move in a direction parallel to the end surface of the shielding sleeve);

[0111] The water hole 444 is located on the bracket body 441. Water can smoothly enter the shielding sleeve 3 through the water hole 444 (enter through the open end of the shielding sleeve), lubricate the bearing and the rotating shaft 41 when they rotate relative to each other, and provide the rotor with a cavity with a lubrication system, so that when the water flows back from the water outlet 22, the resistance to the rotor rotation is reduced; in some actual implementations, the number of the water holes 444 is 6-10, which are evenly distributed on the bracket body 441.

[0112] In other practical applications, a plurality of guide ribs 445 are further provided on the bracket body 441. The gap between two adjacent guide ribs 445 is arranged opposite to the water hole 444, and each guide rib 445 extends into the shielding sleeve 3 (entering through the open end of the shielding sleeve); in this way, water passing through the water hole 444 will quickly enter the shielding sleeve 3 under the action of the guide ribs 445.

[0113] like Figure 9 An example water pump includes:

[0114] A pump housing 1 having an open end;

[0115] A pump cover 2 is mounted on the open end of the pump housing 1;

[0116] The shielding sleeve 3 is arranged in the cavity formed by the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2, and separates the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity;

[0117] The rotor as described above is arranged in the pump cavity;

[0118] The stator 5 is arranged in the waterproof cavity.

[0119] The end cap bracket 44 is positioned between the end surface of the shield sleeve 3's opening and the pump cover 2. When the end cap bracket 44 is in contact with the shield sleeve 3's opening, an axial spacing of 0.1-0.2 mm is maintained between the pump cover 2 and the end cap bracket 44, allowing for axial movement of the end cap bracket 44 relative to the shield sleeve 3 along the rotating shaft 41. During operation, the end cap bracket 44 is able to move axially within a fixed range, but is not axially fixed. This effectively prevents rotor seizures caused by form and position tolerances, such as component coaxiality, during rotor operation, thus providing a regulating effect.

[0120] In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the following examples are given for illustration.

[0121] like Figure 10 、 Figure 11 An exemplary water pump comprises:

[0122] A pump housing 1 having an open end;

[0123] The pump cover 2 is mounted on the open end of the pump housing 1, and a cavity is formed by the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2; the pump cover 2 has a water inlet 21 and a water outlet 22;

[0124] The shielding sleeve 3 is arranged in the cavity formed by the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2, and separates the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity. The pump cavity is connected to the water inlet 21 and the water outlet 22 respectively;

[0125] The rotor 4 is disposed in the pump cavity and is capable of rotating about its axis relative to the shielding sleeve 3, including both the case where the entire rotor 4 rotates about its axis relative to the shielding sleeve 3 and the case where part of the rotor 4, such as the magnet and the impeller, rotates about its axis relative to the shielding sleeve 3;

[0126] The stator 5 is disposed in the waterproof cavity and is used to drive the rotor 4 to rotate about its axis in a first direction relative to the shielding sleeve 3. The stator 5 includes an insulating frame 51, and a stator core 52 and a winding coil 53 respectively disposed on the insulating frame 51.

[0127] A controller 6 is disposed in the waterproof cavity and connected to the winding coil 53;

[0128] As water flows back from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21, forcing the rotor 4 to rotate about its axis in a second direction (opposite to the first direction) relative to the shielding sleeve 3, the controller 6 senses the change in the magnetic field caused by the rotation of the rotor 4 and controls the winding coil 53 to be energized, driving the rotor 4 to rotate about its axis in the first direction relative to the shielding sleeve 3, thereby starting the water pump. Since the rotor 4 rotates about its axis in the first direction during operation of the water pump, the backflow of water forces the rotor 4 to rotate about its axis in the second direction. At this time, the controller 6 senses the change in the magnetic field caused by the rotation of the rotor 4 and controls the winding coil 53 to be energized, thereby starting the water pump. Compared with the switch-activated method used in the prior art, this method not only simplifies the structure but also has better applicability.

[0129] In some practical applications, the water inlet 21 is connected to an external water tank, and the water outlet 22 is connected to an external valve via a pipeline. The water level in the pipeline is higher than the water level in the water tank. When the valve is opened, the water in the pipeline flows back from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21 under the action of atmospheric pressure. In other words, when the user opens the valve, water flows back from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21, forcing the rotor 4 to rotate about its axis in the second direction relative to the shielding sleeve 3, thereby achieving self-priming of the water pump in the aforementioned manner. This single action achieves both valve opening and self-priming of the water pump.

[0130] In other practical applications, when the current of the winding coil 53 is less than a set threshold (e.g., 0.15A), the controller 6 controls the winding coil 53 to be de-energized, thereby automatically stopping the water pump. When the water pump is operating normally, the current of the winding coil 53 is greater than the set threshold. When the user closes the valve, the load decreases, and the water pump is not operating under the rated working condition, and the current of the winding coil 53 decreases. When the controller 6 detects that the current of the winding coil 53 is less than the set threshold, it controls the winding coil 53 to be de-energized, and then the rotor 4 stops rotating, thereby stopping the water pump. In other words, the user achieves both valve closure and water pump stoppage with one action. Moreover, 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, the current of the winding coil 53 is less than the set threshold, that is, 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, the rotor 4 stops rotating. At this time, the interior of the pipeline will be filled with water, so that when the user opens the valve, the water in the pipeline will flow back from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21 under the action of atmospheric pressure. In this way, the user can start the water pump automatically by opening the valve and stop it by closing the valve. The water pump starts when power is first supplied (the water pump will start under the control of the MCU if any of the following conditions are met: 1. The MCU receives a start signal from the Hall effect sensor while it is powered on; 2. The water pump is powered on for the first time or is powered on again after a power outage).

[0131] like Figure 12 As shown, in some practical applications, the pump casing 1 is basically in the shape of a cylinder with at least one end open (of course, its surface can also be designed to be stepped according to the usage - consisting of two hollow cylinders with different outer diameters), and is made of non-magnetic metal material (such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc.) or non-magnetic plastic material with a certain strength (such as engineering plastic). On the one hand, the pump casing 1 is used to connect with the pump cover 2 to form the cavity, and on the other hand, it is used to support the stator 5. In some specific implementations, a number of mounting holes 11 (for example, four mounting holes) are distributed in the circumferential direction of the pump casing 1, which are used to connect with the pump cover 2 to form the cavity. In other specific implementations, the inner wall of the pump casing 1 is provided with positioning ribs 12 parallel to the axial direction, and the number can be 1 or more, and 1-3 are generally selected to support the stator 5 to prevent the stator 5 from rotating relative to the pump casing 1. In some specific implementations, a wire hole 13 is provided at the bottom end of the pump housing 1 (the end opposite to the open end) so that external wiring can pass through the wire hole 13 and be connected to the controller 6 via a waterproof connector.

[0132] like Figure 13-15As shown, in some practical applications, the pump cover 2 is made of a non-magnetic metal material (such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc.) or a non-magnetic plastic material with a certain strength (such as engineering plastic), and its water inlet 21 is located at the end of the pump cover 2, and the water outlet 22 is located on the side of the pump cover 2, and the axis of the water outlet 22 is parallel to the end face of the pump cover 2. In some specific implementations, the pump cover 2 is circumferentially distributed with a plurality of nail holes 25 (for example, four nail holes) that are compatible with the mounting holes 11. After one end of the bolt passes through the nail hole 25, it is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 11, thereby mounting the pump cover 2 on the pump housing 1. In addition, after the pump cover 2 is installed on the pump housing 1, water entering the water pump will not seep out from the connection between the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2; in some specific implementations, a sealing ring can be provided at the connection between the pump housing 1 and the pump cover 2, or a sealing ring can be provided between the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 and the pump cover 2 to achieve the aforementioned purpose. Among them, the solution of setting a sealing ring 7 between the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 and the pump cover 2 has a better technical effect: it reduces the sealing requirements between the shielding sleeve 3 and the pump casing 1, because water will not penetrate to the periphery of the sealing ring, and of course will not enter the waterproof cavity through the gap between the shielding sleeve 3 and the pump casing 1 (if any).

[0133] like Figure 16 As shown, in some practical applications, the shielding sleeve 3 includes:

[0134] The shielding sleeve body 31 is generally cylindrical in shape with one end open. The open end is bent outward to form a flange, which serves as the end face of the shielding sleeve 3. After the shielding sleeve 3 is installed in the pump housing 1, the shielding sleeve body 31 is at least partially embedded in the pump housing 1, and the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 is exposed.

[0135] The first bearing 32 is provided at the bottom end of the shielding sleeve body 31 (the end opposite to the open end) and is used to support one end of the rotor 4;

[0136] The limiting rib 33 is provided on the outer wall of the shielding sleeve body 31 and is arranged parallel to the axis of the shielding sleeve body 31. The number of the limiting rib 33 can be one or more, and is generally 3-8. The limiting rib 33 is used to cooperate with the stator 5 to achieve rotation prevention.

[0137] The sealing groove 34 is provided on the end surface of the shielding sleeve 3 and is annular in shape as a whole, and is used to accommodate the sealing ring 7. In this way, after the pump cover 2 is installed on the pump housing 1, the pump cover 2 is pressed tightly against the sealing ring 7 to achieve a seal, which can effectively prevent water in the pump cavity from leaking out, and the water flows smoothly in the pump body without leaking, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the water pump.

[0138] There are at least two positioning posts 35 , which are provided on the end surface of the shielding sleeve 3 , and their length direction is parallel to the axis of the shielding sleeve body 31 ; generally, 2 to 4 positioning posts are provided.

[0139] like Figure 4As shown, in some practical applications, the structure of the rotor 4 is as described above, including:

[0140] The rotating shaft 41 has one end coaxially mounted on the shielding sleeve 3 through the first bearing 32;

[0141] The impeller 42 is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 41;

[0142] The magnet 43 is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft 41 and extends into the shielding sleeve 3. In some practical applications, the axial length of the magnet 43 is about 3-6 mm longer than the axial length of the stator core 52 (which is more conducive to the Hall sensor element capturing the signal), and is distributed with at least one pair of NS poles.

[0143] The end cover bracket 44 is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft 41 through a bearing and is located between the impeller 42 and the magnet 43;

[0144] The end cap bracket 44 is located at the end surface of the shielding sleeve 3 and can only move relative to the shielding sleeve 3 along the axis of the rotating shaft 41. That is, one end of the rotating shaft 41 is supported by the shielding sleeve 3 via the first bearing 32, and the other end is supported by the end cap bracket 44. When the rotating shaft 41 rotates, the impeller 42 and the magnet 43 rotate with the rotating shaft 41, while the end cap bracket 44 remains stationary.

[0145] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, in some practical applications, the end cap bracket 44 includes:

[0146] The bracket body 441 has a through hole coaxially defined at its center.

[0147] The second bearing 442 is coaxially mounted in the through hole and is used for clearance fit with the rotating shaft 41. On the one hand, the end cover bracket 44 can rotate relative to the rotating shaft 41, and on the other hand, the end cover bracket 44 can move relative to the rotating shaft 41 along its axial direction.

[0148] Positioning holes 443 are located on the bracket body 441. Their number and position correspond to the positioning posts 35. The positioning posts 35 cooperate with the positioning holes 443 to limit the end cover bracket 44 on the end surface of the shielding sleeve 3 (it can only move relative to the shielding sleeve along the axis of the rotating shaft and cannot rotate or move in a direction parallel to the end surface of the shielding sleeve);

[0149] The water hole 444 is located on the bracket body 441. Water can smoothly enter the interior of the shielding sleeve 3 through the water hole 444 (enter through the open end of the shielding sleeve body 31), and lubricate the first bearing 32, the second bearing 442 and the rotating shaft 41 when they rotate relative to each other, providing the rotor 4 with a cavity with a lubrication system, so that when the water flows back from the water outlet 22, the resistance to the rotation of the rotor 4 is reduced; in some actual implementations, the number of the water holes 444 is 6-10, which are evenly distributed on the bracket body 441.

[0150] In other practical applications, a plurality of guide ribs 445 are further provided on the bracket body 441, and the gap between two adjacent guide ribs 445 is arranged opposite to the water hole 444, and each guide rib 445 extends into the shielding sleeve 3 (entering through the open end of the shielding sleeve body 31); in this way, water passing through the water hole 444 will quickly enter the shielding sleeve 3 under the action of the guide ribs 445.

[0151] like Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, in some practical applications, the impeller 42 includes:

[0152] The impeller body 421 is substantially circular, having an axial through hole 4211 and a plurality of blades 4212 evenly distributed around the axial through hole 4211; in some practical implementations, the blades 4212 are arc-shaped structures;

[0153] The impeller cover 422 is connected to the blades 4212, thereby forming a plurality of water outlet channels 423 that communicate with the axial through hole 4211. In some practical implementations, the impeller cover 422 is provided with mounting grooves 4223, and the blades 4212 are embedded in the mounting grooves 4223, thereby connecting the impeller body 421 and the impeller cover 422 into a whole.

[0154] A protrusion 4221 coaxial with the axial through hole 4211 is formed at the center of the impeller cover 422. The gap formed between the protrusion 4221 and the edge of the axial through hole 4211 is the water inlet of the impeller 42. The outer wall of the protrusion 4221 forms a guide arc surface 4222. By utilizing the guiding effect of the guide arc surface 4222, the energy loss of the water flow can be reduced when the water flows from the water inlet 21 to the water outlet 22 or flows back from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21.

[0155] like Figure 17As shown, in some practical applications, the stator 5 includes an insulating frame 51, and a stator core 52 and a winding coil 53 respectively disposed on the insulating frame 51. When the winding coil 53 is energized, it generates a rotating magnetic field, thereby driving the rotor 4 to rotate about its axis in a first direction relative to the shielding sleeve 3. In other practical applications, the outer sidewalls of the insulating frame 51 and / or the stator core 52 are further provided with positioning grooves 54 that match the positioning ribs 12. After the stator 5 is installed in the waterproof cavity, the positioning ribs 12 are embedded in the positioning grooves 54, thereby installing the stator 5 in the pump housing 1. The inner sidewalls of the insulating frame 51 are further provided with limiting grooves 55 that match the limiting ribs 33. After the shielding sleeve 3 is installed in the pump housing 1 and the stator 5 is installed in the waterproof cavity, the limiting ribs 33 are embedded in the limiting grooves 55. In some practical applications, the ends of the insulating frame 51 are respectively provided with a plurality of limit columns 511, a limit pin 512 and a plurality of positioning hooks 513, which are used to fix the controller 6 to the end of the insulating frame 51; in this embodiment, there are three limit columns 511, one limit pin 512, and two positioning hooks 513; and the three limit columns 511 are distributed in a triangular shape, and one limit pin 512 and two positioning hooks 513 are also distributed in a triangular shape.

[0156] like Figure 18 、 Figure 19 、 Figure 20 As shown, in some practical applications, the controller 6 includes a Hall sensor element 61, an MCU 62 and several MOS tubes 63, and the Hall sensor element 61, the MCU 62 and the several MOS tubes 63 are all mounted on a circuit board 64, wherein,

[0157] The Hall sensing element 61 is used to sense the backflow of water from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21, and to force the rotor 4 to rotate around its axis in the second direction relative to the shielding sleeve 3. The rotor 4 rotates and the magnetic field changes, and sends a start signal to the MCU 62 (as a signal to notify the MCU to control the MOS tube to work in an orderly manner, thereby energizing the winding coil); in some practical applications, the Hall sensing element 61 can be set 1-3; in some practical implementations, the Hall sensing element 61 is located at the notch of the insulating frame 51, that is, at the notch of the limit groove 55, to better sense the change of the magnetic field when the rotor 4 rotates. In some practical applications, the Hall sensing element 61 uses a Hall element of model AH694 ( Figure 20 U1 in ).

[0158] MCU62 is connected to the Hall sensor element 61 and the MOS tube 63 respectively. After receiving the start signal sent by the Hall sensor element 61, it controls the MOS tube 63 to work in an orderly manner. In some practical applications, the MCU62 uses the MCU model LKS32MC057EM6S8 ( Figure 20 U6 in ).

[0159] The MOS transistor 63, in response to the control of the MCU 62, inputs an ordered electrical signal to the winding coil 53, thereby generating an ordered magnetic field, driving the rotor 4 to rotate about its axis in a first direction relative to the shielding sleeve 3, and starting the water pump; in some practical applications, there are three MOS transistors 63 for controlling the energizing phase sequence of the winding coil 53; in some practical applications, the MOS transistor 63 is selected from the MOS transistor model NCE40NP2815G ( Figure 20 Q5, Q6, Q7 in the table).

[0160] The circuit board 64 is respectively provided with a circular hole 641 and a square hole 642 for fixing. When the circuit board 64 is installed on the insulating frame 51, one end face of the circuit board 64 abuts against the three limiting posts 511 to control the distance between the circuit board 64 and the insulating frame 51. The limiting pin 512 is embedded in the circular hole 641, and the two positioning hooks 513 are respectively embedded in the two square holes 642, and their hooks hook the other side end face of the circuit board 64, thereby fixing the circuit board 64.

[0161] One end of the power cord 65 is connected to the external power supply through a waterproof connector, and the other end is connected to the MCU 62 .

[0162] As a preferred implementation scheme of this embodiment, in the assembled state, the impeller 42 of the rotor 4 extends into the pump cover 2, and the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually decreases along the second direction starting from the water outlet 22. In this way, when the water flows back from the water outlet 22 to the water inlet 21, the spread of the water flow can be reduced, and the power of the water to push the impeller 42 during the backflow is enhanced, thereby providing sufficient water flow power on the impeller 42. In some specific implementations, the minimum radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 is 0.3-0.5mm, and the maximum radial distance is 1.5-5mm. In other specific implementations, the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually decreases within a range of 270 degrees along the second direction starting from the water outlet 22. As Figure 13-15 As shown, in some specific implementations, an annular inner ring 23 is formed on the inner wall of the pump cover 2, and the wall thickness of the annular inner ring increases from the water outlet 22 along the second direction (which is also the direction in which the rotor is forced to rotate when water flows back from the water outlet to the water inlet). Figure 15 When the impeller 42 extends into the pump cover 2, it can be achieved that the radial distance between the inner wall of the pump cover 2 and the outer edge of the impeller 42 gradually decreases along the second direction starting from the water outlet 22.

[0163] As another preferred embodiment of this embodiment, a stepped surface 24 is formed at the end of the inner ring 23. The end cap bracket 44 is located between the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 and the stepped surface 24. When the end cap bracket 44 is in contact with the end face of the shielding sleeve 3, the distance between the stepped surface 24 and the end cap bracket 44 is 0.1-0.2 mm (i.e., a gap of 0.1-0.2 mm exists between the two). During operation, the stepped surface 24 and the end face of the shielding sleeve 3 allow the end cap bracket 44 to move axially within a fixed range, but the end cap bracket 44 is not axially fixed. In this way, the rotor 4 can effectively prevent the rotor 4 from getting stuck during operation due to form and position tolerances such as part coaxiality, thus playing a regulating role.

[0164] For ease of understanding, the following examples illustrate the working principle of the water pump of the utility model:

[0165] When the user uses the water pump, a valve is installed at a height of 0.5 meters or above on the pipe connected to the water outlet 22. The water inlet 21 is generally connected to the bottom of the water tank. When the water pump is powered on, the water pump starts working, and water enters from the water inlet 21, then exits from the water outlet 22, and then passes through the pipe and valve to the pipe hole used by the user.

[0166] After the user closes the valve, the load decreases, and the current in winding coil 53 decreases. When controller 6 detects that the current in winding coil 53 is less than a set threshold (0.15A), it stops supplying power to winding coil 53, causing rotor 4 to stop rotating, thereby achieving the automatic stop function. Furthermore, 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, the current in winding coil 53 is less than the set threshold, meaning that rotor 4 stops rotating 2-60 seconds after the valve is closed, at which point the pipeline is filled with water. When the user needs to use water, he opens the valve. At this time, since the water level in the pipe from the valve to the water outlet 22 is higher than the liquid level in the water tank at the water inlet 21, the water in the pipe will quickly flow back under the action of atmospheric pressure. The water flows back through the water outlet 22, and first impacts the blades 4212 of the impeller 42, and then returns to the water inlet 21. When the water level in the pipe is consistent with the water level in the water tank, the water will no longer flow; in this process, the impeller 42 rotates around its axis in the second direction under the impact of the water flow, and the magnet 43 also rotates synchronously. At this time, the Hall sensor element 61 will quickly sense the change in magnetic field polarity when the magnet 43 rotates, and then generates a stable signal, which is fed back to the MCU 62 as a starting signal. At this time, after receiving the signal, the MCU 62 will control the winding coil 53 to be energized, thereby achieving the self-starting function.

[0167] Many specific details are set forth in the above description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed above.

[0168] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the product of the present invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A water pump comprising: A pump housing (1) having an open end; A pump cover (2) is mounted on the open end of the pump housing (1); It has a water inlet (21) and a water outlet (22); A shielding sleeve (3) is arranged in a cavity formed by the pump housing (1) and the pump cover (2), and separates the cavity into a waterproof cavity and a pump cavity, wherein the pump cavity is connected to the water inlet (21) and the water outlet (22) respectively; A stator (5) is arranged in the waterproof cavity; Characterized in that the water pump also includes: The rotor (4) is disposed in the pump chamber and is capable of rotating relative to the shielding sleeve (3) in a first direction about its axis under the action of the stator (5). On the other hand, the rotor (4) is capable of rotating relative to the shielding sleeve (3) in a second direction about its axis under the action of the water flow when the water flows back from the water outlet (22) to the water inlet (21); the first direction is opposite to the second direction. The rotor (4) has an impeller (42), which at least partially extends into the pump cover (2), and the radial distance between the inner side wall of the pump cover (2) and the outer edge of the impeller (42) gradually decreases along the second direction starting from the water outlet (22).

2. The water pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum radial distance between the inner side wall of the pump cover (2) and the outer edge of the impeller (42) is 0.3-0.5 mm, and the maximum radial distance is 1.5-5 mm.

3. The water pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial distance between the inner side wall of the pump cover (2) and the outer edge of the impeller (42) gradually decreases within a range of 270 degrees along the second direction starting from the water outlet (22).

4. The water pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular inner ring (23) is formed on the inner side wall of the pump cover (2), and the wall thickness of the annular inner ring gradually increases along the second direction starting from the water outlet (22).

5. The water pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impeller (42) extends entirely into the pump cover (2).

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