Forklift fuel cell system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a forklift fuel cell system and relates to the field of fuel cells. Comprising a fuel cell system module, a solid-state metal hydrogen storage module and a power cell module, and the fuel cell system module, the solid-state metal hydrogen storage module and the power cell module are all fixed in a forklift box body. According to the utility model, the whole system is divided into three modules, namely the fuel cell system module, the solid metal hydrogen storage module and the power cell module which are mutually independent, clear in boundary and free from mutual influence, so that the whole system can simultaneously take into account a solid metal hydrogen storage form and a gas hydrogen storage bottle form, and meanwhile, the power cell can also take into account various sizes and specifications; therefore, the whole system has a plurality of integration modes and a plurality of application scenes, and the extension and application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a forklift fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] At present, forklift fuel cell systems generally integrate the fuel cell system, hydrogen storage device and power battery in a frame and are designed as a whole. They cannot be disassembled separately. At the same time, the hydrogen storage device mostly adopts high-pressure gas hydrogen storage bottles, which are relatively large in size.

[0003] For example, after searching, the Chinese patent publication number CN115959601A discloses a high-power metal plate fuel cell integrated system for forklifts, including a metal plate hydrogen fuel cell, a modular frame, a DCDC converter, a system controller, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a deionizer, a radiator, and an expansion tank.

[0004] The aforementioned patent has the following deficiencies: It integrates the fuel cell system, hydrogen storage device, and power battery into a single framework, designed as a single unit that cannot be separated separately. This limits the size of the hydrogen storage device and power battery, making it impossible to expand the hydrogen storage capacity and power output. Furthermore, the integrated hydrogen storage device is a large hydrogen storage bottle, and its shape limits the overall system size, limiting its scope of application.

[0005] To this end, the utility model proposes a forklift fuel cell system. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a forklift fuel cell system.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A forklift fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell system module, a solid metal hydrogen storage module and a power battery module, wherein the fuel cell system module, the solid metal hydrogen storage module and the power battery module are all fixed inside a forklift box.

[0009] Preferably, the solid metal hydrogen storage module adopts solid metal hydrogen storage, and the hydrogen supply interface and the water heating interface of the fuel cell system module are both installed using quick-install interfaces.

[0010] Preferably, the solid metal hydrogen storage module is arranged inside the forklift box through a drawer-type connection.

[0011] Preferably, the power battery module is a lead-acid battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, or a lithium battery.

[0012] Preferably, the fuel cell system module is a 10kW fuel cell.

[0013] Preferably: the fuel cell system module consists of a fuel cell stack, an air supply system, a hydrogen supply system, a water and heat management system and an electrical system;

[0014] The air supply system includes an air filter, an air flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidifier and a water tank assembly;

[0015] The hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogen inlet module, a hydrogen-water separator, a hydrogen circulation pump, a hydrogen concentration sensor and a hydrogen quick-release connector;

[0016] The water and heat management system includes an electronic water pump, an electronic three-way valve, a PTC heater, a filter, a deionizer, a rehydration pot, a radiator and a water quick-release connector;

[0017] The electrical system includes DC / DC, air compressor controller, circulation pump controller, CVM, and insulation tester.

[0018] Preferably: the fuel cell system module also includes a welded frame, which fixes and supports the fuel cell stack, air supply system, hydrogen supply system, water and heat management system and electrical system, pipelines and wiring harnesses. The outer periphery of the welded frame is equipped with a sheet metal protective plate, and a lifting eye bolt is installed on the top of each of the four corners of the welded frame.

[0019] Preferably, the water tank assembly in the fuel cell system module includes a water tank, a back pressure valve, a drain stop valve, a liquid level sensor, a dilution interface, a hydrogen and water discharge interface, a pressure relief interface, a drain pipe, and a tail pipe.

[0020] Preferably: a back pressure valve interface, a drain interface, a liquid level sensor interface, a dilution interface, a water and hydrogen discharge interface, a pressure relief interface and a tail discharge interface are welded on the water storage tank; the back pressure valve interface is equipped with a fixed back pressure valve; the drain and tail discharge interfaces are connected to a drain pipe, a drain stop valve and a tail discharge pipe; the liquid level sensor interface is installed with a liquid level sensor; the dilution interface is connected to the dilution stop valve through a pipeline; the hydrogen and water discharge interface is connected to the hydrogen discharge and drain solenoid valves through a pipeline; and the pressure relief interface is connected to the pressure relief valve through a pipeline.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] 1. The utility model is generally divided into three modules: a fuel cell system module, a solid metal hydrogen storage module and a power battery module. The three modules are independent of each other, have clear boundaries and do not affect each other, so that the entire system can take into account both solid metal hydrogen storage and gas hydrogen storage bottle forms. At the same time, the power battery can also take into account a variety of sizes and specifications, so that the entire system has multiple integration modes and multiple application scenarios, and has a wide range of extension and application.

[0023] 2. This utility model uses solid-state metal hydrogen storage to provide a hydrogen source for the fuel cell system module. The heat required for the hydrogen supply reaction is also provided by the hydrothermal system within the fuel cell system module. The solid-state metal hydrogen storage module also uses a hydrogen exchange method to replenish hydrogen (i.e., the entire hydrogen storage module is removed from the forklift and replaced with a new one). This method is simple and convenient to operate, and hydrogen exchange time is short.

[0024] 3. In the present invention, the fuel cell system module is a complete fuel cell system, including a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen supply system, an air supply system, a water and heat supply system, an electrical system, a frame, a casing, etc. The overall size of the system is very small and the integration is high.

[0025] 4. In the present invention, the water heat supply system adopts a liquid replenishment kettle solution rather than a traditional expansion kettle solution to control the expansion amount of cooling water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of a forklift fuel cell system proposed in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is an exploded diagram of a forklift fuel cell system proposed in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front isometric view of a fuel cell system module of a forklift fuel cell system proposed in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a rear isometric view of a fuel cell system module of a forklift fuel cell system proposed in the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a front view of a fuel cell system module of a forklift fuel cell system proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 These are rear and front views of a forklift fuel cell system proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," and "disposed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection or disposition, detachable connection or disposition, or integral connection or disposition. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] A fuel cell system for a forklift, such as Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes three parts: a fuel cell system module 1002, a solid metal hydrogen storage module 1003 and a power battery module 1004. The fuel cell system module 1002, the solid metal hydrogen storage module 1003 and the power battery module 1004 are all fixed inside the forklift box 1001, and the forklift is an electric forklift.

[0036] The solid metal hydrogen storage module 1003 uses solid metal hydrogen storage to provide a hydrogen source for the fuel cell system module 1002. The heat required for the hydrogen supply reaction is also provided by the hydrothermal system in the fuel cell system module 1002. The hydrogen supply interface and hydrothermal interface of the solid metal hydrogen storage module 1003 and the fuel cell system module 1002 are both installed using quick-release interfaces, which facilitates assembly and disassembly.

[0037] The solid-state metal hydrogen storage module 1003 is arranged inside the forklift box 1001 through a drawer-type connection, and can be pulled out as a whole to complete the hydrogen replenishment function.

[0038] The power battery module 1004 is a lead-acid battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, or a lithium battery, which provides power for the operation of the forklift. It absorbs the power generated by the fuel cell system module 1002 and continuously outputs it to the forklift, and can also store electricity for use when the forklift is started next time.

[0039] The fuel cell system module 1002 is a 10kW fuel cell, which generates electricity through its own electrochemical reaction using the hydrogen source provided by the solid metal hydrogen storage module 1003 and outputs it to the power battery module 1004 .

[0040] like Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, the fuel cell system module 1002 is composed of a fuel cell stack 1102, an air supply system, a hydrogen supply system, a water and heat management system, and an electrical system.

[0041] The air supply system includes an air filter 1103 , an air flow meter 1104 , an air compressor 1105 , an intercooler 1106 , a humidifier 1107 and a water tank assembly 1108 .

[0042] The hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogen inlet module 1109 , a hydrogen-water separator 1110 , a hydrogen circulation pump 1111 , a hydrogen concentration sensor 1123 and a hydrogen quick-connect connector 1126 .

[0043] The water thermal management system includes an electronic water pump 1112, an electronic three-way valve 1113, a PTC heater 1114, a filter 1115, a deionization device 1116, a liquid supplement kettle 1117, a radiator 1118, and a waterway quick connector 1127.

[0044] The electrical system includes a DC / DC 1120, an air compressor controller 1121, a circulating pump controller 1122, a CVM 1124, and an insulation detector 1119.

[0045] Due to the limitation of the height direction size, the water thermal supply system in the fuel cell system module 1002 adopts a liquid supplement kettle 1117 scheme instead of a traditional expansion water kettle scheme to control the expansion amount of the cooling water. The module water inlet is located above the core of the radiator 1118. When the cooling water is injected into the system, the excess water will flow into the liquid supplement kettle 1117 through the branch path of the radiator 1118 water inlet, and stop filling when reaching the scale line of the liquid supplement kettle 1117. When the system runs and the water temperature rises, the expanded water will flow into the liquid supplement kettle 1117 from the branch path of the radiator 1118 water inlet for storage, and when the water temperature drops, the cooling liquid shrinks to reduce the volume of the cooling water in the system to form a negative pressure, so that the cooling liquid in the liquid supplement kettle 1117 flows back to the radiator 1118 to supplement the water amount, avoiding the system water amount being too small to affect the system cooling.

[0046] The fuel cell system module 1002 also includes a welded frame made of square steel, rectangular steel, and bent plate, and the welded frame is subjected to rust prevention treatment by electrophoresis. The welded frame is used to fix and support the stack 1102, the air supply system, the hydrogen supply system, the water thermal management system, and the electrical system, the pipelines, and the wire harness. The welded frame is peripherally provided with a sheet metal protection plate for protection. Each of the four corners of the top of the welded frame is provided with a lifting ring bolt to facilitate the lifting and transportation of the module as a whole.

[0047] The water storage tank assembly 1108 in the fuel cell system module 1002 includes a water storage tank 1201, a back pressure valve 1202, a drain cutoff valve 1203, a liquid level sensor 1204, a dilution interface 1205, a hydrogen and water drainage interface 1206, a pressure relief interface 1207, a drain pipe 1208, and a tail exhaust pipe 1209.

[0048] The water storage tank 1201 is a welded part made of stainless steel, and is welded with a back pressure valve interface, a drainage interface, a liquid level sensor interface, a dilution interface 1205, a water and hydrogen discharge interface, a pressure relief interface 1207 and a tail discharge interface. The back pressure valve interface is used to assemble and fix the back pressure valve 1202, the drainage and tail discharge interfaces are used to connect the drain pipe 1208, the drainage stop valve 1203 and the tail discharge pipe 1209, the liquid level sensor 1204 interface is used to install the liquid level sensor 1204, the dilution interface 1205 is connected to the dilution stop valve through a pipeline, the hydrogen and water discharge interface 1206 is connected to the hydrogen discharge and drainage solenoid valves through a pipeline, and the pressure relief interface 1207 is connected to the pressure relief valve through a pipeline.

[0049] The water tank assembly 1108 integrates gas mixing, water distribution, water storage, and tailpipe functions. When the exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell system module 1002 enters the water tank 1201 through the backpressure valve 1202, the gaseous water in the mixed gas is condensed and stored below the water tank 1201 through condensation and filtering. The remaining air, air entering through the dilution port 1205, and hydrogen flowing in through the hydrogen and water discharge port 1206 are mixed and discharged through the tailpipe 1209 at the upper tailpipe. A liquid level sensor 1204 monitors the water level in the water tank 1201. When the liquid level reaches the position of the liquid level sensor 1204, the system issues a warning signal, indicating that the water level has reached the maximum level and that drainage is required. At this time, the drain shut-off valve 1203 is manually opened to discharge the liquid water in the water tank 1201 through the tailpipe 1209.

[0050] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forklift fuel cell system, characterized in that: The forklift comprises a fuel cell system module (1002), a solid metal hydrogen storage module (1003) and a power battery module (1004), wherein the fuel cell system module (1002), the solid metal hydrogen storage module (1003) and the power battery module (1004) are all fixed inside a forklift box (1001).

2. A forklift fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-state metal hydrogen storage module (1003) uses solid-state metal hydrogen storage, and the hydrogen supply interface and the water heating interface of the fuel cell system module (1002) are both installed using quick-install interfaces.

3. The forklift fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-state metal hydrogen storage module (1003) is arranged inside the forklift box (1001) through a drawer-type connection.

4. The forklift fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power battery module (1004) is a lead-acid battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, or a lithium battery.

5. The forklift fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell system module (1002) is a 10kW fuel cell.

6. The forklift fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell system module (1002) is composed of a fuel cell stack (1102), an air supply system, a hydrogen supply system, a water and heat management system, and an electrical system; The air supply system includes an air filter (1103), an air flow meter (1104), an air compressor (1105), an intercooler (1106), a humidifier (1107) and a water tank assembly (1108); The hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogen inlet module (1109), a hydrogen-water separator (1110), a hydrogen circulation pump (1111), a hydrogen concentration sensor (1123) and a hydrogen quick-connect connector (1126); The water heat management system comprises an electronic water pump (1112), an electronic three-way valve (1113), a PTC heater (1114), a filter (1115), a deionization device (1116), a rehydration pot (1117), a radiator (1118) and a water channel quick-connect connector (1127); The electrical system includes a DC / DC (1120), an air compressor controller (1121), a circulation pump controller (1122), a CVM (1124), and an insulation tester (1119).

7. The forklift fuel cell system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fuel cell system module (1002) further includes a welded frame, which fixes and supports the fuel cell stack (1102), the air supply system, the hydrogen supply system, the water and heat management system, the electrical system, the pipelines and the wiring harness. The outer periphery of the welded frame is equipped with a sheet metal protective plate, and a lifting eye bolt is installed at each of the four corners of the welded frame.

8. The forklift fuel cell system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water tank assembly (1108) in the fuel cell system module (1002) includes a water tank (1201), a back pressure valve (1202), a drain stop valve (1203), a liquid level sensor (1204), a dilution interface (1205), a hydrogen and water discharge interface (1206), a pressure relief interface (1207), a drain pipe (1208), and a tail drain pipe (1209).

9. The forklift fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water storage tank (1201) is welded with a back pressure valve interface, a drainage interface, a liquid level sensor interface, a dilution interface (1205), a drainage and hydrogen discharge interface, a pressure relief interface (1207) and a tail discharge interface. The back pressure valve interface is assembled with a fixed back pressure valve (1202). The drainage and tail discharge interfaces are connected to a drainage pipe (1208), a drainage stop valve (1203) and a tail discharge pipe (1209). The liquid level sensor (1204) interface is installed with a liquid level sensor (1204). The dilution interface (1205) is connected to the dilution stop valve via a pipeline. The hydrogen and drainage interface (1206) is connected to the hydrogen and drainage solenoid valve via a pipeline. The pressure relief interface (1207) is connected to the pressure relief valve via a pipeline.

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