Three-dimensional pull-type observation system structure for detecting underlying diseases of railway crossing

Abstract

The utility model relates to a three-dimensional towed observation system structure for detecting underlying diseases of a railway crossing, which comprises an acquisition device, a traction device, an acquisition host and a vibration excitation device, the acquisition device comprises a plurality of sensors arranged in an array mode, the sensors in the same row are connected one by one, and the traction device is connected with the acquisition host. The traction device is connected with the acquisition device so as to drag the sensors, the acquisition host is connected with the sensors so as to receive measurement data acquired by the sensors, and the excitation device is arranged on one side of the acquisition device and is used for generating vibration data acquired by the acquisition device. The device has the advantages that a three-dimensional result can be formed through one-time excitation in an array type arrangement mode, meanwhile, a pull-type operation mode is adopted, the detection efficiency can be greatly improved, the detection precision can be improved by updating an existing two-dimensional data processing mode into a three-dimensional processing mode, and the interpretation accuracy of crossing underlying diseases can be greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to geotechnical engineering detection and test technical field, concretely relates to a three -dimensional towed observation system structure for railway crossing underlying disease detection. BACKGROUND

[0002] The crossing is the intersection of railway traffic and highway traffic, and is the key area where traffic accidents are more likely to occur, so the crossing safety work is particularly important. However, the soil in this area is easily disturbed by the alternating passage of trains and motor vehicles, which can cause underlying diseases such as loose, void and cavity at the crossing, resulting in settlement and cracking at the local position of the crossing surface. Due to the special position of the crossing, the construction at the bottom position is different from that in other places. The ground surface at the crossing position is usually constructed with large concrete slabs, and the rails are embedded and installed on the surface of the concrete. Due to the difference in construction method between this place and other places, the long-term and frequent passage of vehicles and trains causes obvious settlement in some areas of the crossing position. During the vehicle passing process, there will be a large amplitude of upward vibration, which seriously affects the passing of vehicles and pedestrians.

[0003] The crossing disease is usually located within 5m, and the current ground penetrating radar method cannot meet the detection depth requirement. Other seismic methods have low detection efficiency and affect vehicle passing, so there is an urgent need for a non-destructive and efficient detection technology to solve the problem of detecting underlying diseases at the crossing. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at according to the deficiency of above -mentioned prior art, provide three -dimensional towed observation system structure for railway crossing underlying disease detection, through the sensor of array type arrangement form three -dimensional observation structure, intuitive accurate reflection railway crossing underlying disease situation.

[0005] The utility model achieves the following technical solutions:

[0006] A three-dimensional towed observation system structure for railway crossing underlying disease detection, characterized by: comprising a collection device, a traction device, a collection host and an excitation device, the collection device comprises a plurality of sensors arranged in an array, the sensors in the same row are connected one by one, the traction device connects the collection device to tow each sensor, the collection host connects the sensor to receive the measurement data collected by the sensor, and the excitation device is arranged on one side of the collection device to generate vibration data for the collection device to collect.

[0007] For relatively flat road surface and more array type sensors carried, the traction device adopts a traction detection vehicle, the collection host and the excitation device are integrated on the traction detection vehicle, and the traction detection vehicle is connected with the collection device to tow it.

[0008] For the case of less array sensors, manual dragging can be used.

[0009] The vibration excitation device comprises a weight and a weight lifting driving device, the weight lifting driving device is connected to drive the lifting of the weight to control the vibration excitation height, that is, to control the weight to be released after following the same height, and then to free fall to excite vibration, so as to ensure the consistency of the excitation energy.

[0010] The vibration excitation point is located in front of the array sensor, and the distance from the front row array sensor is 0.5m-5m. Before field vibration excitation, the appropriate offset distance of the vibration excitation point should be selected according to the actual situation, and the selection of the vibration excitation point should not affect the passage of vehicles at the crossing, and at the same time meet the requirements of high-quality vibration data acquisition.

[0011] The traction detection vehicle is provided with a driving device and a counterweight, wherein the driving device is used to drive the traction detection vehicle to advance, and the counterweight is used to ensure the stability of the overall structure of the traction detection vehicle, especially to avoid the overturning of the traction detection vehicle to the side where the weight is arranged.

[0012] The sensors are connected by flexible wear-resistant materials. The spacing of each row of array sensors can be adjusted according to the size of the site and the detection depth requirement. The sensors can be connected to the collection host in wired or wireless connection form and interact with data. The flexible material connected to the head of the sensor is connected to the rigid material connected to the traction device, which can be metal or non-metal. The material needs to have the characteristics of light weight and high hardness, and can support the overall movement of the entire array sensor string. The center position of the material exists the traction device which pulls forward.

[0013] The bottom of the sensor is provided with a counterweight. Since the metal lead has large density and small hardness, the bottom of the sensor can preferably adopt a rectangular or circular lead plate processed by metal lead as the counterweight, which can effectively guarantee the stability of the sensor during movement.

[0014] In the implementation of the utility model, the following processes are included:

[0015] (1) The observation system is arranged in an array at the railway crossing according to the above, the measuring line direction extends along the railway direction, the sensors are arranged in an array, the number of sensors is related to the detection depth and the width of the crossing, the sensors can be arranged along the railway direction with a length of 3m-6m, the number of sensors is greater than 6, and the sensor string perpendicular to the railway direction can be arranged in parallel with 3-8 rows.

[0016] (2) using the array sensor, the heavy hammer is lifted to a certain height, the height range is 0.5m-2.0m, and subsequent vibration excitation needs to be kept at the same height, so as to ensure that the excited energy is completely consistent.

[0017] (3) when the heavy hammer is excited, the array sensor collects vibration data, after the excitation is completed, the heavy hammer is lifted to the same height position, the array sensor is driven by the traction detection vehicle to move a certain distance, and the moving distance range is 0.5m-1.5m.

[0018] (4) the heavy hammer is excited again, and vibration data is collected at the same time, then the traction detection vehicle moves the same distance again, and the process is repeated until all data is collected.

[0019] (5) after the data collection is completed, the data is processed, and the processing process includes pre-processing, dispersion calculation and inversion processes.

[0020] The integral shown in the formula can know that the recorded wave is with amplitude and phase information, the wave of the frequency is superimposed and calculated in the arranged collection direction to obtain an energy spectrum. When a given frequency w is satisfied, a maximum value appears. Therefore, the continuous maximum value point on the energy spectrum is the phase velocity of the corresponding frequency point. The f-v dispersion energy image can be extracted by conversion.

[0021] (6) according to the dispersion curve after the above, three-dimensional results can be finally formed, and the crossing disease under the crossing can be intuitively reflected in three-dimensional form. If there is a low-speed area under the crossing in the three-dimensional result map, it can be judged that there is an abnormal area of the disease under the crossing, and subsequent drilling verification can be carried out under the condition to judge whether the disease under the crossing exists loose or cavity, if there is no condition for verification, grouting reinforcement is needed.

[0022] The utility model discloses the advantages that: through array arrangement form, three-dimensional results can be formed by once excitation, simultaneously adopt the mode of operation of towing, can improve detection efficiency greatly, through updating the existing two-dimensional data processing mode to three-dimensional processing processing mode, can improve detection precision, greatly improve the crossing disease under the crossing interpretation accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Fig. 1 It is the arrangement schematic drawing of the embodiment provided by the utility model;

[0024] Fig. 2 It is the test structure diagram of the traction device drive trolley in the utility model;

[0025] Fig. 3 It is the arrangement schematic drawing of the embodiment provided by the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is a further detailed description of the features of the present invention and other related features through embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0027] like Figs. 1-3 As shown in the figure, numbers 1-12 respectively represent: sensor 1, cable 2, flexible material 3, counterweight lead plate 4, rigid material 5, traction detection vehicle 6, acquisition host 7, weight 8, counterweight 9, drive device 10, weight lifting drive device 11, and vibration device 12.

[0028] Example 1: This example describes a three-dimensional towed observation system structure for detecting underlying defects at railway crossings. Currently, many railway crossings utilize concrete slabs at the intersection, with the rails resting on top of the slabs. Crossings typically have four or six lanes in either direction, with each lane approximately 3.2 meters long. To minimize disruption to vehicle traffic, the observation system's length should be tailored to the specific situation. For example, for a four-lane, two-way crossing, the observation system's length can be approximately 3.2 meters, while for a six-lane, two-way crossing, the length can be approximately 6.4 meters.

[0029] Take the example of setting up a six-lane two-way concrete slab at a railway crossing:

[0030] (1) The sensors 1 are arranged in an array, with 5 rows of sensors arranged along the extension direction of the railway, of which 3 rows are arranged between the rails, and 1 row is arranged symmetrically outside the rails. Twelve rows of sensors are arranged perpendicular to the extension direction of the railway, and the sensor length is 5.5m. The sensors 1 in the same row are connected by flexible materials 3 to form an integral structure to facilitate the towing of the traction detection vehicle 6. In order to ensure the stability of the sensor 1 during movement, a counterweight lead plate 4 is provided at the bottom of the sensor 1. Each sensor 1 forms a signal connection with the acquisition host 7 through a cable 2 for data exchange. In this embodiment, each flexible material 3 is connected to a rigid material 5, and the center position of the rigid material 5 is connected to the traction detection vehicle 6.

[0031] Traction test vehicle 6 is positioned in front of sensor 1. Weight 8, weighing 50 kg, is raised 1.8 m by weight lift drive 11. The weight is positioned 2 m directly in front of the front row of array sensors. A counterweight 9 is installed on traction test vehicle 6, on the opposite side of weight 8.

[0032] (2) After the observation system is arranged, the weight 8 is released to excite vibration, the sensor 1 synchronously collects vibration signals, and whether each row of collected vibration signals meets the requirements is observed by using the program in the collection host 7. If the collected signals do not meet the requirements, the vibration excitation and signal collection are continued at the same position until the requirements are met. Generally, the first vibration excitation needs to test the vibration excitation parameters and observe the signal quality.

[0033] (3) After the vibration excitation is completed, the traction detection vehicle 6 is started, which is driven by the driving device 10 to drive the arrayed sensor 1 to advance 0.5 m, and then the vibration is excited again by the weight 8, and the data is collected. This is repeated until the data collection of the entire crossing is completed.

[0034] (4) After the data collection is completed, the data processing is carried out according to the arrangement of the observation system. First, the information of short-time interference and other noise signals in the vibration record is removed, and the bad channel signal is removed and processed for pretreatment.

[0035] (5) The data is processed, the vibration set record is selected, the stable data segment is selected to extract the dispersion curve, and the continuous maximum value point on the energy spectrum is the phase velocity of the corresponding frequency point. The f-v dispersion energy image can be extracted by conversion.

[0036] (6) According to the dispersion curve above, the three-dimensional result can be finally formed, which can intuitively reflect the subsurface disease condition of the crossing in three-dimensional form. If there is a low-speed area in the three-dimensional result, it can be judged that there is an abnormal area of subsurface disease. If the conditions are met, drilling verification can be carried out to determine whether the subsurface disease exists, such as loosening or cavity. If the conditions are not met, grouting reinforcement is needed.

[0037] The implementation steps are specifically as follows. Fig. 3 In this embodiment, compared with embodiment one, the difference is that when the crossing is provided with a concrete slab two-way four-lane, the traction device can be manually driven in addition to being automatically driven by the traction detection vehicle 6, the vibration excitation mode can be manually hammered by the vibration excitation device 12, and the sensors 1 can be connected by wires. This mode is suitable for implementation under the condition that the flatness of the crossing is relatively poor.

[0038] In this embodiment, five rows of sensors 1 are arranged along the extension direction of the railway, three rows of which are arranged between the rails, and one row of which is symmetrically arranged outside the rails. Six rows of sensors are arranged vertically to the extension direction of the railway. The length of the sensor is 2.5 m, and the sensors are connected by cables 2. The arrayed sensor is manually dragged, the vibration excitation mode is manually hammered by a large hammer, and the vibration excitation position is located at a position 1.5 m in front of the front row of the arrayed sensor.

[0039] The same method as in Example 1 was used to excite the sensor. After one excitation, the array sensor was moved forward 0.3 m, and then the sensor was excited again and data was collected. This process was repeated several times until data collection was completed for the entire crossing.

[0040] Although the above embodiments have described the concepts and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, ordinary technicians in this field can recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, so they are not described here one by one.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional towed observation system structure for detecting underlying defects at railway crossings, characterized by: It includes a collection device, a traction device, a collection host and an excitation device. The collection device includes a plurality of sensors arranged in an array, and the sensors in the same row are connected one by one. The traction device is connected to the collection device to drag each of the sensors. The collection host is connected to the sensors to receive the measurement data collected by the sensors. The excitation device is arranged on one side of the collection device to generate vibration data for collection by the collection device.

2. The three-dimensional towed observation system structure for detecting underlying defects at railway crossings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The traction device adopts a traction detection vehicle, the acquisition host and the excitation device are integrated on the traction detection vehicle, and the traction detection vehicle is connected to the acquisition device to tow it.

3. A three-dimensional towed observation system structure for detecting underlying defects at railway crossings according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The vibration excitation device includes a heavy hammer and a heavy hammer lifting drive device, and the heavy hammer lifting drive device is connected to drive the lifting of the heavy hammer to control the vibration height.

4. The three-dimensional towed observation system structure for detecting underlying defects at railway crossings according to claim 2 is characterized by: The traction detection vehicle is provided with a driving device and a counterweight.

5. The three-dimensional towed observation system structure for detecting underlying defects at railway crossings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sensors are connected by using flexible wear-resistant materials.

6. The three-dimensional towed observation system structure for detecting underlying defects at railway crossings according to claim 1 is characterized by: A counterweight is provided at the bottom of the sensor.

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