Straw disassembling and rubbing device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a straw disassembling and rubbing device which comprises a frame body, a scattering component and a rubbing component, the scattering component and the rubbing component are arranged on the frame body, and the outlet end of the scattering component is connected with the inlet end of the rubbing component. The scattering part comprises a scattering box body, scattering shafts, scattering cutters, a conveying mechanism and a scattering feeding port, the scattering cutters are arranged on the scattering shafts, the scattering shafts are arranged from the inlet end to the outlet end in the scattering box body from high to low in sequence, and the conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the scattering box body; the scattering feeding port is formed in the end, away from the rubbing part, of the scattering box body, and the outlet end of the scattering box body is connected with the rubbing part. Round straw bundles are rotationally disassembled by arranging the scattering shafts and the scattering cutters which are gradually arranged from high to low, under the combined action of the scattering shafts and the scattering cutters and the conveying mechanism, straw is efficiently, stably, uniformly and continuously fed into the rubbing box body, and a foundation is laid for continuous automatic industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and specifically relates to a straw dismantling and shredding device. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of utilizing straw as raw material, the round (square) bales of straw need to be broken down and then shredded. Currently, the unpacking of large round (square) bales of straw is unstable, uneven, and discontinuous, and it is impossible to achieve efficient, stable, uniform, and continuous unpacking and conveying to the next shredding process. At present, impurities in the shredded straw cannot be removed, which is not conducive to subsequent utilization as raw material. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes a straw dismantling and shredding device, comprising a frame and a dispersing component and a shredding component mounted on the frame. The outlet end of the dispersing component is connected to the inlet end of the shredding component. The dispersing component includes a dispersing box, a dispersing shaft, dispersing blades, a conveying mechanism, and a dispersing inlet. Several dispersing blades are mounted on the dispersing shaft, and multiple dispersing shafts are arranged sequentially from the inlet end to the outlet end of the dispersing box, from high to low. The conveying mechanism is located at the bottom of the dispersing box, and the dispersing inlet is located at the end of the dispersing box away from the shredding component. The outlet end of the dispersing box is connected to the shredding component.

[0004] Furthermore, the shredding component includes a shredding box, a shredding main shaft, shredding moving blades, a shredding secondary shaft, and shredding fixed blades. The top of the shredding box is connected to the outlet end of the dispersing box. A plurality of shredding moving blades are disposed on the shredding main shaft, which is disposed inside the shredding box. A plurality of shredding fixed blades are disposed on the shredding secondary shaft, which is axially disposed outside the shredding box. A plurality of shredding secondary shafts are disposed through the shredding box and interspersed with the shredding moving blades.

[0005] Furthermore, the transport mechanism includes toothed rods, transport chains, a main transport shaft, a driven transport shaft, and a transport motor. The main transport shaft is located at one end of the bottom of the dispersing box near the kneading component, and the driven transport shaft is located at the other end of the bottom of the dispersing box. The transport chains include two chains arranged in parallel. One end of one transport chain engages with one end of the main transport shaft and the other end engages with one end of the driven transport shaft. The other transport chain engages with one end of the main transport shaft and the other end engages with the other end of the driven transport shaft. The two ends of several toothed rods are located between the two transport chains. The transport motor is connected to the main transport shaft.

[0006] Furthermore, the dispersing component also includes a dispersing shaft motor, which is located outside the dispersing box and is connected to multiple dispersing shafts.

[0007] Furthermore, the shredding component also includes a shredding shaft motor, which is mounted on the frame and is connected to the shredding shaft for transmission.

[0008] Furthermore, the shredding component also includes a throwing fan, which is located at the discharge end of the shredding box.

[0009] Furthermore, the shredding component also includes a sieve plate, which is disposed at the bottom of the shredding box.

[0010] Furthermore, the dispersing component also includes a baffle curtain, which is disposed between the dispersing inlet and the dispersing box.

[0011] Furthermore, the shredding component also includes a shredding inlet, which is located at the top of the shredding box and communicates with the shredding box. The shredding inlet is also connected to the discharge end of the dispersing box.

[0012] Furthermore, the sieve plate is provided with several holes.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0014] 1. This application achieves efficient, stable, uniform and continuous feeding of straw into the shredding box by setting up a shredding shaft and shredding blade arranged in a progressively lower order to dismantle the straw bales. This, combined with the action of the transport mechanism, lays the foundation for continuous automated industrial production.

[0015] 2. This application provides a throwing fan within the shredding component. The disassembled straw is fed smoothly from the outlet of the dispersing box into the shredding box for shredding by its own gravity and the suction generated by the rotation of the throwing fan blades.

[0016] 3. This application sets up a sieve plate in the shredding part, so that impurities such as awns, ears of straw, soil, and sand are removed by gravity through the holes in the sieve plate. After dust removal, the straw shreds are cleaner and more conducive to subsequent raw material utilization.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the disassembly and shredding device in an embodiment of this utility model is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the disintegrating component in an embodiment of this utility model is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the disintegrating component in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the shredding component in an embodiment of this utility model is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 An embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 AA diagram;

[0024] Figure 6 An embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 A diagram of BB;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the kneading moving knife and the kneading stationary knife in an embodiment of this utility model is shown.

[0026] In the diagram, 1. Frame; 2. Dispersing component; 21. Dispersing box; 22. Dispersing shaft; 23. Dispersing knife; 24. Transport mechanism; 241. Toothed rod; 242. Transport chain; 243. Transport main shaft; 244. Transport motor; 245. Transport driven shaft; 25. Dispersing inlet; 26. Dispersing shaft motor; 27. Baffle curtain; 3. Shredding component; 31. Shredding box; 32. Shredding main shaft; 33. Shredding moving knife; 34. Shredding secondary shaft; 35. Shredding fixed knife; 36. Shredding shaft motor; 37. Throwing blower; 38. Screen plate; 39. Shredding inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a straw dismantling and shredding device includes a frame 1 and a dispersing component 2 and a shredding component 3 disposed on the frame 1, wherein the outlet end of the dispersing component 2 is connected to the inlet end of the shredding component 3.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the dispersing component 2 includes a dispersing box 21, a dispersing shaft 22, dispersing blades 23, and a conveying mechanism 24. Several dispersing blades 23 are arranged on the dispersing shaft 22. Multiple dispersing shafts 22 are arranged from the inlet end to the outlet end of the dispersing box 21 in descending order of height. The conveying mechanism 24 is arranged at the bottom of the dispersing box 21. The outlet end of the dispersing box 21 is connected to the kneading component 3.

[0030] The frame 1 is stepped, the shredding component 3 is placed on the lower layer of the stepped frame 1, and the dispersing component 2 is placed on the upper layer of the frame 1.

[0031] The dispersing box 21 is trapezoidal, and the bottom of the dispersing box 21 is perpendicular to the kneading box 31. The hypotenuse of the trapezoidal dispersing box 21 forms an angle with the kneading box 31.

[0032] In some embodiments, multiple disintegration shafts 22 are parallel to each other and are arranged on an inclined plane. The disintegration shafts 22 are arranged sequentially from the inlet end to the outlet end inside the disintegration box 21 from high to low. This is so that after the straw round (square) bales enter the disintegration box 21, they are driven by the transport mechanism 24 and first pass through the highest point of the disintegration shaft 22. The disintegration blades 23 arranged on the disintegration shaft 22 continuously disassemble and break down the straw round (square) bales as the disintegration shaft 22 rotates. The bales are then further disassembled and broken down by the disintegration shaft 22 and the disintegration blades 23, which are shorter than the previous ones, from high to low, until the straw round (square) bales are completely disassembled and broken down.

[0033] In some embodiments, five disintegration shafts 22 are arranged from high to low to complete the dismantling and disintegration of the round (square) bundles of straw. The dismantling and disintegration are carried out sequentially from high to low, and the dismantled and disintegrated straw enters the shredding box 31 for the shredding process.

[0034] like Figure 3As shown, the transport mechanism 24 includes toothed rods 241, transport chains 242, a transport main shaft 243, a transport slave shaft 245, and a transport motor 244. The transport main shaft 243 is located at the bottom of the dispersing box 21 near the kneading component 3. The transport slave shaft 245 is located at the other end of the bottom of the dispersing box 21. There are two transport chains 242 arranged in parallel. One end of one transport chain 242 is engaged with one end of the transport main shaft 243 and the other end is engaged with one end of the transport slave shaft 245. The other transport chain 242 is engaged with the other end of the transport main shaft 243 and the other end is engaged with the other end of the transport slave shaft 245. The two ends of several toothed rods 241 are arranged between the two transport chains 242. The transport motor 244 is connected to the transport main shaft 243.

[0035] One conveyor chain 242 is located at one end of the bottom plate of the dispersing box 21, and the other conveyor chain 242 is located at the other end of the bottom plate of the dispersing box 21. One end of the conveyor chain 242 meshes with the main conveyor shaft 243, and the other end meshes with the driven conveyor shaft 245. The two conveyor chains 242 are arranged in parallel, and the bottom plate of the dispersing box 21 is located in the space between the conveyor chains 242. The bottom of the spike rod 241 is toothed, and the teeth on two adjacent spike rods 241 are staggered to prevent the straw from leaking out of the notch of the previous tooth during the forward movement and being stopped by the next tooth.

[0036] The dispersing component 2 also includes a dispersing inlet 25, which is located at the end of the dispersing box 21 away from the kneading component 3.

[0037] The round (square) bales of straw enter through the dispersing inlet 25 and fall directly to the bottom of the dispersing box 21. The transport motor 244 starts and drives the transport main shaft 243 to rotate. The rotation of the transport main shaft 243 drives the meshing transport chain 242 to roll. The transport chain 242 drives the meshing transport drive shaft 245 to rotate. During the transmission process, the transport chain 242 will drive the connected toothed rod 241 to move towards the shredding component 3. The straw, after being dispersed by the dispersing shaft 22 and the dispersing knife 23, is transported to the shredding inlet 39 of the shredding component 3 through several toothed rods 241 to prepare for shredding.

[0038] In some embodiments, the dispersing shaft 22 can be manually adjusted for rotation, or it can be electrically driven by connecting to the output end of the dispersing shaft motor 26. The dispersing component 2 also includes the dispersing shaft motor 26, which is disposed outside the dispersing box 21. The dispersing shaft motor 26 is connected to multiple dispersing shafts 22 for transmission.

[0039] The dispersing component 2 also includes a baffle 27, which is disposed between the dispersing inlet 25 and the dispersing box 21.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the shredding component 3 includes a shredding box 31 and a shredding inlet 39. The shredding inlet 39 is located at the top of the shredding box 31 and communicates with it. The shredding inlet 39 is also connected to the discharge end of the dispersing box 21. After being dispersed, the straw enters the shredding box 31 through the shredding inlet 39 and is repeatedly shredded, making the straw soft.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the kneading box 31 is equipped with a kneading main shaft 32, a kneading moving blade 33, a kneading auxiliary shaft 34, and a kneading fixed blade 35. The top of the kneading box 31 is connected to the outlet end of the dispersing box 21. Several kneading moving blades 33 are arranged on the kneading main shaft 32, which is located inside the kneading box 31. Several kneading fixed blades 35 are arranged on the kneading auxiliary shaft 34. Multiple kneading auxiliary shafts 34 are arranged axially outside the kneading box 31. Several kneading fixed blades 35 pass through the kneading box 31 and are interposed with the kneading moving blades 33.

[0042] Multiple kneading blades 33 are arranged in multiple rows around the kneading main shaft 32. Each row of kneading blades 33 is set from one end of the kneading main shaft 32 to the other end. There is a certain distance between each row of kneading blades 33. The kneading blades 33 of adjacent rows are staggered to ensure that the straw does not leak out from the gaps between the kneading blades 33 in a single row as much as possible. If the straw leaks out from the gaps between the kneading blades 33 in one row and is not kneaded, it will be kneaded by the next row of staggered kneading blades 33. Each kneading blade 33 is composed of two hammer blades with a certain distance between them.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, the shredding fixed blade 35 is set on the shredding auxiliary shaft 34. Multiple shredding auxiliary shafts 34 can be set around the shredding box 31 to achieve a better shredding effect. The shredding fixed blade 35 passes through the inner wall of the shredding box 31. The position of the shredding fixed blade 35 is fixed and the shredding fixed blades 35 are set at certain intervals. Each shredding fixed blade 35 is interspersed with the shredding moving blade 33. The straw is subjected to the clockwise force applied by the shredding moving blade 33 in the shredding box 31, and at the same time, it is subjected to the resistance of the shredding fixed blade 35. In this way, forces in different directions are repeatedly applied to the straw, making the straw softer.

[0044] In some embodiments, the kneading spindle 32 can be driven manually or electrically by connecting to the output end of the kneading spindle motor 36. The kneading component 3 also includes the kneading spindle motor 36, which is mounted on the frame 1 and is connected to the kneading spindle for transmission.

[0045] The shredding component 3 also includes a throwing fan 37, which is located at the discharge end of the shredding box 31. The purpose of setting up the shredding fan is that although the straw will fall into the shredding box 31 for shredding under its own weight after being broken up by the breaking component 2 and under the action of the transport mechanism 24, some scattered straw is too light, or a few straw may be caught on the parts inside the breaking component 2 during the dismantling and breaking up process, and may not be able to fall into the shredding box 31 smoothly. After the throwing fan 37 is turned on, the airflow generated by the fan will generate a certain suction force to suck the broken straw into the shredding box 31 for shredding.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the shredding component 3 also includes a sieve plate 38, which is disposed at the bottom of the shredding box 31. The sieve plate 38 is a curved arc-shaped plate with the same radius as the shredding box 31. The sieve plate 38 is precisely joined to the arc-shaped plates on both sides of the bottom of the shredding box 31 to form a cylinder with an open top. The sieve plate 38 has several holes. During the shredding process, impurities such as awns, ears of grain, soil, and sand in the straw are removed through the holes in the sieve plate 38 by gravity. After dust removal, the straw fibers are cleaner, which is beneficial for subsequent raw material utilization.

[0047] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw dismantling and shredding device, characterized in that: The device includes a frame (1) and a dispersing component (2) and a kneading component (3) mounted on the frame (1). The outlet end of the dispersing component (2) is connected to the inlet end of the kneading component (3). The dispersing component (2) includes a dispersing box (21), a dispersing shaft (22), a dispersing knife (23), a transport mechanism (24), and a dispersing inlet (25). Several dispersing knives (23) are mounted on the dispersing shaft (22). Multiple dispersing shafts (22) are arranged from the inlet end to the outlet end of the dispersing box (21) in descending order of height. The transport mechanism (24) is located at the bottom of the dispersing box (21). The dispersing inlet (25) is located at the end of the dispersing box (21) away from the kneading component (3). The outlet end of the dispersing box (21) is connected to the kneading component (3).

2. The straw dismantling and shredding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kneading component (3) includes a kneading box (31), a kneading main shaft (32), a kneading moving blade (33), a kneading sub-shaft (34), and a kneading fixed blade (35). The top of the kneading box (31) is connected to the outlet end of the dispersing box (21). A plurality of kneading moving blades (33) are arranged on the kneading main shaft (32), which is located inside the kneading box (31). A plurality of kneading fixed blades (35) are arranged on the kneading sub-shaft (34). A plurality of kneading sub-shafts (34) are arranged axially outside the kneading box (31). A plurality of kneading fixed blades (35) pass through the kneading box (31) and are interposed with the kneading moving blades (33).

3. The straw dismantling and shredding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport mechanism (24) includes a toothed rod (241), a transport chain (242), a transport main shaft (243), a transport slave shaft (245), and a transport motor (244). The transport main shaft (243) is located at the bottom of the dispersing box (21) near the kneading component (3). The transport slave shaft (245) is located at the other end of the bottom of the dispersing box (21). The transport chain (242) includes two chains arranged in parallel. One end of one transport chain (242) is engaged with one end of the transport main shaft (243) and the other end is engaged with one end of the transport slave shaft (245). The other transport chain (242) is engaged with the other end of the transport main shaft (243) and the other end is engaged with the other end of the transport slave shaft (245). The two ends of several toothed rods (241) are located between the two transport chains (242). The transport motor (244) is connected to the transport main shaft (243) for transmission.

4. The straw dismantling and shredding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersing component (2) also includes a dispersing shaft motor (26), which is located outside the dispersing box (21) and is connected to multiple dispersing shafts (22) for transmission.

5. The straw dismantling and shredding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shredding component (3) also includes a shredding shaft motor (36), which is mounted on the frame (1) and is connected to the shredding shaft for transmission.

6. The straw dismantling and shredding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The kneading component (3) also includes a throwing fan (37), which is located at the discharge end of the kneading box (31).

7. The straw dismantling and shredding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shredding component (3) also includes a sieve plate (38) which is disposed at the bottom of the shredding box body (31).

8. The straw dismantling and shredding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersing component (2) also includes a baffle (27), which is disposed between the dispersing inlet (25) and the dispersing box (21).

9. The straw dismantling and shredding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shredding component (3) also includes a shredding inlet (39), which is located at the top of the shredding box (31) and communicates with the shredding box (31). The shredding inlet (39) is also connected to the discharge end of the dispersing box (21).

10. The straw dismantling and shredding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sieve plate (38) has several holes.

Images