C-band radar transceiver components

Abstract

This utility model patent provides a transceiver assembly for a C-band radar, belonging to the field of meteorological equipment technology. It includes: an electromagnetic shielding box, within which a transmission link and a receiving link are installed; a digital control module, connected to both the transmission and receiving links; and an interface antenna, connected to both the transmission and receiving links. The interface antenna includes a flange end, a structural component mounted on the flange end, a rotating shaft within the structural component, a collar sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a signal support arm mounted on the structural component. A locking structure is provided on the lower end face of the rotating shaft. The signal support arm is connected to the structural component via a connecting shaft. This application solves the technical defects of existing transceiver assemblies, which are rigidly fixed connections, large in size, and inconvenient for disassembly and transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model patent relates to the field of meteorological equipment technology, specifically to the transceiver components of C-band radar. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as communication, navigation, and meteorological monitoring, C-band radar can achieve precise detection of targets. For example, weather radar can analyze parameters such as the shape and phase of precipitation particles through dual polarization technology.

[0003] In mobile platform scenarios such as vehicle-mounted and shipborne systems, radar systems require frequent deployment and disassembly, thus placing stringent demands on the portability and maintainability of transceiver components. For example, vehicle-mounted radar needs to be integrated into confined spaces, and traditional rigid-fixed designs result in bulky components that are difficult to assemble and disassemble quickly. Shipborne radar, on the other hand, needs to withstand high humidity and strong electromagnetic interference environments, requiring components with efficient electromagnetic shielding capabilities and corrosion resistance. Furthermore, in emergency rescue and disaster relief scenarios, radar equipment needs to be rapidly transported to disaster sites, and existing components, due to their large size and complex disassembly, delay deployment timelines.

[0004] With the trend of radar technology moving towards lightweighting and intelligence, existing rigid fixed transceiver components can no longer meet the needs of mobile platforms and emergency response scenarios. This application significantly improves the portability, reliability, and environmental adaptability of the components through a detachable structure, electromagnetic shielding, and integrated design, providing an efficient solution for vehicle-mounted, shipborne radar, and disaster monitoring equipment. Therefore, the development of novel C-band radar transceiver components has significant engineering application value and market prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address some or all of the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a C-band radar transceiver assembly with a modular structure design for easy assembly and disassembly, and a deployable radar antenna design for easy transport and reduced collision damage.

[0006] The transceiver assembly of a C-band radar includes: an electromagnetic shielding box, within which a transmit link and a receive link are disposed; a digital control module, connected to both the transmit link and the receive link; and an interface antenna, connected to both the transmit link and the receive link. The interface antenna includes a flange end, a structural component mounted on the flange end, a rotating shaft disposed within the structural component, a collar sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a signal support arm mounted on the structural component. A locking structure is provided on the lower end face of the rotating shaft. The signal support arm is connected to the structural component via a connecting shaft and is connected to both the transmit link and the receive link.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the C-band radar transceiver assembly of this application has the technical advantage of being detachable and modular.

[0008] The interface antenna's hinge, locking structure, and signal arm are designed to be rotatably connected, completely eliminating the need for traditional welding or screw fastening methods.

[0009] The signal arm can be folded by rotating the collar, and with the locking structure, the disassembly and assembly time of a single component is shortened. During transportation, the signal arm can be stored in the cavity of the structural component, reducing the overall volume compared to traditional rigid structures, making it suitable for space-sensitive scenarios such as drones and vehicle-mounted portable radar.

[0010] Optionally, a metal interlayer is provided in the electromagnetic shielding box; the metal interlayer penetrates the outer wall of the electromagnetic shielding box and is connected to a discharge protection device; a wiring port is provided in the electromagnetic shielding box, a shielding partition is provided between the transmitting link and the receiving link, the edge of the shielding partition is in close contact with the metal interlayer, and an opening is provided in the inner wall of the electromagnetic shielding box for the shielding partition to penetrate; the wiring port is respectively connected to the digital control module and the interface antenna.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, a fully enclosed metal interlayer (made of copper alloy or aluminum-magnesium alloy) with a thickness of 0.3 or 0.5 mm is embedded in the middle layer of the shielding box shell. The interlayer is seamlessly connected to the outer wall of the box body through conductive adhesive to form a 360° electromagnetic shielding cavity.

[0012] External discharge protection devices (such as TVS diode arrays) are connected to the metal interlayer to achieve rapid discharge of electrostatic discharge (ESD) and surge current.

[0013] Optionally, the transmit link includes an excitation signal input interface, a phase shifter, an attenuator, a power amplifier, and a transmit / receive switch connected in sequence, and the receive link includes a low-noise amplifier, a mixer, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital signal output interface connected in sequence.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the digital control of the transmission link and the low-noise design of the entire receiving link, this solution constructs a high-precision and high-reliability signal processing link, realizing full-process optimization from analog signal modulation to digital signal output.

[0015] Optionally, the digital control module includes: FPGA / ASIC, clock unit, and diagnostic module.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, and through the integration of FPGA / ASIC computing power, high-precision clock synchronization design, and full-parameter intelligent diagnostics, this solution constructs a digital control module with real-time control, autonomous diagnostics, and flexible reconfiguration capabilities.

[0017] Optionally, an electromagnetic shielding coating is sprayed on the outer side of the flange end, and the flange end is installed on the corresponding flange port. The structural component includes a ceramic insulating layer, a high-strength plastic layer, and an elastic rubber layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The structural component adopts a cylindrical structure, and the structural component is provided with a cavity for assembling the rotating shaft and a through opening for the signal arm to be deployed.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solutions, the interface antenna achieves multi-dimensional optimization in terms of electromagnetic protection, mechanical strength, environmental adaptability, and volume control. Compared with the traditional rigid interface structure, it solves the industry pain points of strong electromagnetic coupling interference, mechanical vulnerability, and volume redundancy, providing key interface technology support for the reliable deployment of C-band radar in mobile platforms (vehicle-mounted, ship-mounted) and harsh environments (high temperature, high vibration).

[0019] Optionally, the collar includes a winding ring and a threaded ring fixedly connected to the winding ring. A traction line is wound and fixedly connected to the winding ring. The traction line is connected to the movable end of the signal arm. The threaded ring is threadedly driven to the inner wall of the structural component. The rotating shaft and the inner wall of the threaded ring are provided with a keyway for drive engagement. The threaded ring slides vertically along the keyway.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the shaft rotates under external force, the fit between its inner groove key and the shaft's convex key restricts the circumferential freedom of the threaded ring, allowing only vertical sliding motion along the shaft's axial direction. Furthermore, the threaded ring is connected to the inner wall thread of the structural component, acting on the threaded ring's rotational and lifting motion along the inner wall thread of the structural component. The traction line is wound or released with the axial displacement of the winding ring, thereby tractioning the signal arm to rotate around the connecting shaft.

[0021] Optionally, the rotating shaft is connected to a drive motor, which is installed below the flange end; the connecting shaft is located within the vertical projection of the collar.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, a drive motor is used to control the driving motion of the rotating shaft.

[0023] Optionally, the locking structure includes a through hole at the lower end of the rotating shaft and a locking pin that passes through the through hole and is constrainedly connected to the structural member.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the structure of the interface antenna can be fixed and constrained during the fixing operation or transportation.

[0025] Optionally, in summary, compared with the prior art, this application includes at least the following beneficial technical effects of the C-band radar transceiver components:

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the C-band radar transceiver assembly of this application has at least the following significant and beneficial technical effects:

[0027] The interface antenna achieves tool-free quick assembly and disassembly via a rotating shaft, a collar threaded drive mechanism, and a flange-end locking structure. The signal arm is folded and stored in the cylindrical cavity of the structural component via a connecting shaft, reducing transport volume and making it suitable for space-sensitive scenarios such as drones and vehicle-mounted portable radar.

[0028] Mechanical reliability and environmental adaptability

[0029] The structural components are made of a composite material consisting of a ceramic insulation layer, a high-strength plastic layer, and an elastic rubber layer, which enhances their structural resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model patent;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram illustrating the connection relationship of this utility model patent.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 3. Flange end; 4. Structural component; 5. Rotating shaft; 7. Signal support arm; 8. Connecting shaft; 51. Slotted key; 52. Drive motor; 61. Winding ring; 62. Threaded ring; 63. Traction line; 91. Through hole; 92. Locking pin. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model patent clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model patent will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model patent, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this utility model patent are within the scope of protection of this utility model patent.

[0035] This application discloses a transceiver component for a C-band radar.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The transceiver components of the C-band radar include an electromagnetic shielding box, a transmit link and a receive link integrated within the box, a digital control module, and an interface antenna.

[0037] The electromagnetic shielding box is made of die-cast aluminum alloy, and the inner wall is plated with a conductive nickel layer (thickness 5 or 8 μm) to form the basic shielding cavity.

[0038] The electromagnetic shielding box is equipped with two sets of wiring ports, which are connected to the transmitting link and the receiving link, respectively. Standard interfaces are used for the wiring ports.

[0039] The digital control module is connected in sequence to the first wiring port, the transmit link and the receive link, the second wiring port, and the signal arm in the interface antenna.

[0040] In some embodiments, the digital control module includes: FPGA / ASIC, clock unit, and diagnostic module.

[0041] The digital control module controls the radar signal through command interaction, clock synchronization, and state closed loop.

[0042] In some embodiments, the transmit link includes an excitation signal input interface, a phase shifter, an attenuator, a power amplifier, and a transmit / receive switch connected in sequence, and the receive link includes a low-noise amplifier, a mixer, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital signal output interface connected in sequence.

[0043] In C-band radar transceiver components, the transmit link and receive link achieve efficient collaboration through standardized interfaces and signal processing procedures. Their core connection relationships and operating principles are as follows:

[0044] I. Transmit Link: Signal Modulation and Power Amplification

[0045] Excitation signal input interface → Phase shifter → Attenuator → Power amplifier → Transmit / receive switch → Interface antenna

[0046] Excitation signal input interface: A 50Ω SMA or K-type RF connector (such as model SMA or F50K) is used to connect coaxially to the output of the radar common frequency source to achieve low-loss input of C-band (3.95, 5.85GHz) excitation signal (insertion loss ≤0.5dB).

[0047] Phase shifter: Receives 6-bit phase control words from the digital control module (such as the HMC919 digital phase shifter) via a 16-bit parallel bus, is cascaded with the attenuator, and its output is connected to the attenuator input via a 50Ω microstrip line (characteristic impedance deviation ≤ ±1%).

[0048] Attenuator: The digitally controlled attenuator (such as ADIADL5253) and the power amplifier use an impedance matching network (including 0402 chip capacitors and microstrip line gradient structure) to ensure a smooth transition of signal power. The output is directly soldered to the input pin of the power amplifier.

[0049] Power amplifier: The output of GaN power device (such as Qorvo QPA2220) is connected to the transmitter of transmit / receive switch (SPDT type, such as Skyworks SKY13378) through an isolator (suppressing reverse power ≤10W). The common terminal of the switch is connected to the signal arm 7 of the interface antenna through a pluggable RF connector.

[0050] II. Receiving Link: Echo Acquisition and Digital Processing

[0051] 1. Component connection relationship (signal flow: input → output)

[0052] Interface antenna → transmit / receive switch → low noise amplifier → mixer → analog-to-digital converter → digital signal output interface

[0053] Transmit / Receive Switch: In receive mode, the receiver is turned on, and the common terminal is connected to the input terminal of the low noise amplifier (LNA) via a 50Ω semi-rigid cable (length ≤10mm, loss ≤0.3dB) to ensure distortion-free transmission of the echo signal.

[0054] Low-noise amplifier: The output of GaAs devices (such as NXPBGA4243) is connected to the RF end of the mixer through a λ / 4 impedance transformation microstrip line, and is orthogonally input to the local oscillator end of the mixer (connected to the 5GHz local oscillator signal of the clock unit).

[0055] Mixer: The intermediate frequency output of a passive double-balanced mixer (such as Mini, Circuits ZX05, 23LN+) is filtered by a π-type filter network (including a 10nF capacitor and a 51Ω resistor) to remove stray signals and is then connected to the analog input of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).

[0056] Analog-to-digital converter: The output of a 14-bit high-speed ADC (such as TIADS42JB69) is connected to the digital signal output interface via an LVDS bus (1.25Gbps rate) to achieve high-speed data interaction with the FPGA / ASIC of the digital control module.

[0057] Through the aforementioned connection relationships and processing flow, the transmit link and receive link, in coordination with the digital control module, achieve efficient processing of the entire process from signal modulation and power amplification to echo acquisition and digitization, providing core signal processing support for high-precision detection by C-band radar.

[0058] In some embodiments, a metal interlayer is provided in the electromagnetic shielding box; the metal interlayer penetrates the outer wall of the electromagnetic shielding box and is connected to a discharge protection device; a shielding partition is provided between the transmitting link and the receiving link, the edge of the shielding partition is in close contact with the metal interlayer, and an opening is provided in the inner wall of the electromagnetic shielding box for the shielding partition to penetrate.

[0059] The electromagnetic shielding box, through the coordinated design of metal interlayer, shielding partition, and wiring ports, constructs a three-level electromagnetic protection system to achieve interference isolation and signal protection for the transmission / reception link.

[0060] A metal interlayer (made of copper alloy or aluminum alloy) with a thickness of 0.3 or 0.5 mm runs through the entire circumference of the outer wall of the electromagnetic shielding box, forming a closed conductive ring. The outer edge of the interlayer is connected to the grounding terminal of the discharge protection device (such as a TVS tube array) by welding, and the inner edge is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the shielding box (gap ≤ 0.1 mm).

[0061] The discharge protection device is connected to the radar system ground via an independent grounding cable (cross-sectional area ≥ 4 mm²), with a grounding impedance ≤ 0.5 Ω, to ensure rapid discharge of high-frequency interference signals.

[0062] This structure provides an efficient electromagnetic compatibility solution for C-band radar transceiver components without adding complex circuitry through the synergy of physical shielding and grounding discharge.

[0063] In some embodiments, the interface antenna includes a flange end 3, a structural member 4 mounted on the flange end 3, a rotating shaft 5 disposed within the structural member 4, a collar sleeved on the rotating shaft 5, and a signal support arm 7 mounted on the structural member 4; a locking structure is provided on the lower end face of the rotating shaft 5; the signal support arm 7 is connected to the structural member 4 via a connecting shaft 8, and the signal support arm 7 is connected to the transmitting link and the receiving link respectively.

[0064] The outer side of flange end 3 is coated with an electromagnetic shielding coating. Flange end 3 is installed on the corresponding flange port. Structural component 4 includes a ceramic insulation layer, a high-strength plastic layer, and an elastic rubber layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. Structural component 4 adopts a cylindrical structure. Structural component 4 is provided with a cavity for assembling the rotating shaft 5 and a through opening for the signal support arm 7 to be deployed.

[0065] The collar includes a winding ring 61 and a threaded ring 62 fixedly connected to the winding ring 61. A traction line 63 is wound and fixedly connected to the winding ring 61. The traction line 63 is connected to the movable end of the signal support arm 7. The threaded ring 62 is threadedly driven to the inner wall of the structural component 4. The rotating shaft 5 and the inner wall of the threaded ring 62 are provided with a groove key 51 for drive engagement. The threaded ring 62 slides vertically along the groove key 51.

[0066] The rotating shaft 5 is connected to the drive motor 52, which is installed below the flange end 3; the connecting shaft 8 is located within the vertical projection of the collar.

[0067] The keyway 51 is mounted on the rotating shaft 5, and the keyway 51 and the rotating shaft 5 are at the same height. The threaded ring 62 slides up and down along the keyway 51.

[0068] Further optimization: The rotating shaft 5 is equipped with multiple sets of cooperating collars, signal support arms 7, connecting shafts 8 and traction lines 63.

[0069] Further optimization: The collar is equipped with multiple sets of mutually cooperating signal arms 7, connecting shafts 8 and traction lines 63.

[0070] The implementation principle of the interface antenna is as follows:

[0071] When the drive motor 52 is working, it acts on the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 5.

[0072] The rotation of shaft 5 acts on the synchronous rotation of threaded ring 62 (collar).

[0073] Since the threaded ring 62 is connected to the inner wall of the structural component 4 by a thread drive, it causes the threaded ring 62 to rotate and move up and down along the thread.

[0074] As the threaded ring 62 moves downward, the traction wire 63 wound on the winding ring 61 is released; the threaded ring 62 abuts against the connecting shaft 8 (signal support arm 7). The signal support arm 7 moves to both sides to realize the deployment of the interface antenna.

[0075] When the threaded ring 62 moves upward, the traction wire 63 wound around the winding ring 61 is wound up. The traction wire 63 acts on the closing motion of the signal arm 7, realizing the closed storage of the interface antenna.

[0076] In some embodiments, the locking structure includes a through hole 91 disposed at the lower end of the rotating shaft 5, and a locking pin 92 that passes through the through hole 91 and is constrainedly connected to the structural member 4.

[0077] The locking structure ensures the relative state of the interface antenna is fixed, improving the reliability and stability of the equipment.

[0078] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms vertical, horizontal, etc., indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0079] Unless otherwise specified, all structural components mentioned in this application use the common names of existing, mature products. Differences in specific models or categories do not affect the device's ability to fulfill its designed functions.

[0080] Furthermore, terms A, B, etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0081] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms installation, connection, linking, fixing, etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A transceiver assembly for a C-band radar, characterized in that, include: An electromagnetic shielding box, wherein a transmission link and a receiving link are provided inside the electromagnetic shielding box; A digital control module, which is connected to the transmit link and the receive link respectively; An interface antenna, which is connected to the transmit link and the receive link respectively; The interface antenna includes a flange end, a structural component mounted on the flange end, a rotating shaft disposed within the structural component, a collar sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a signal support arm mounted on the structural component; a locking structure is provided on the lower end face of the rotating shaft; the signal support arm is connected to the structural component via a connecting shaft, and the signal support arm is connected to the transmitting link and the receiving link respectively.

2. The transceiver assembly for a C-band radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic shielding box contains a metal interlayer; the metal interlayer penetrates the outer wall of the electromagnetic shielding box and is connected to a discharge protection device; the electromagnetic shielding box contains a wiring port; a shielding partition is provided between the transmitting link and the receiving link; the edge of the shielding partition is in close contact with the metal interlayer; an opening is provided in the inner wall of the electromagnetic shielding box for the shielding partition to penetrate; the wiring port is respectively connected to the digital control module and the interface antenna.

3. The transceiver assembly for a C-band radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmit link includes an excitation signal input interface, a phase shifter, an attenuator, a power amplifier, and a transmit / receive switch connected in sequence. The receive link includes a low-noise amplifier, a mixer, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital signal output interface connected in sequence.

4. The transceiver assembly for a C-band radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital control module includes: FPGA / ASIC, clock unit, and diagnostic module.

5. The transceiver assembly for a C-band radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the flange end is coated with an electromagnetic shielding coating. The flange end is installed on the corresponding flange port. The structural component includes a ceramic insulation layer, a high-strength plastic layer, and an elastic rubber layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The structural component adopts a cylindrical structure. The structural component is provided with a cavity for assembling the rotating shaft and a through opening for the signal arm to be deployed.

6. The transceiver assembly for a C-band radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collar includes a winding ring and a threaded ring fixedly connected to the winding ring. A traction line is wound and fixedly connected to the winding ring. The traction line is connected to the movable end of the signal arm. The threaded ring is threadedly driven to the inner wall of the structural component. The rotating shaft and the inner wall of the threaded ring are provided with a keyway for drive engagement. The threaded ring slides vertically along the keyway.

7. The transceiver assembly for a C-band radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft is connected to a drive motor, which is installed below the flange end; the connecting shaft is located within the vertical projection of the collar.

8. The transceiver assembly for a C-band radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking structure includes a through hole at the lower end of the shaft and a locking pin that passes through the through hole and is constrainedly connected to the structural member.

Images