A fully automatic well killing and throttling system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of full-automatic well killing throttling system, belong to petroleum drilling technical field. Including the wellhead four-way joint being arranged at wellhead, the two ends of wellhead four-way joint are connected with well killing manifold and throttling manifold respectively, wellhead four-way joint bottom is communicated with casing, wellhead four-way joint top is connected with blowout preventer group and rotary blowout preventer, rotary blowout preventer is connected with riser, first connecting pipe and second connecting pipe are equipped on well killing manifold, second drilling pump is equipped on well killing manifold;Throttling manifold includes two throttling pipes in parallel and direct current pipeline, fourth valve is equipped on direct current pipeline, throttling valve, fifth valve and filter assembly are equipped on two throttling pipes, first feed pipe, second feed pipe and discharge pipe are connected on direct current pipeline, first feed pipe is connected with wellhead four-way joint, one end of second feed pipe is connected between rotary blowout preventer and blowout preventer group. With the effect of improving the working convenience of staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil drilling technology, and in particular to a fully automatic well control and throttling system. Background Technology

[0002] Well control is a common operating condition in the oil drilling industry. When the quality of the drilling fluid cannot balance the high pressure downhole, formation fluids will be forced into the well, resulting in overflow, well kick, blowout, and other situations.

[0003] In the event of an overflow, a heavier drilling fluid needs to be injected into the well, and the flow rate of the overflow material needs to be adjusted to rebalance the high downhole pressure and bring the casing pressure inside the wellbore to zero. Drilling can only continue once the entire wellbore is in a safe condition. To facilitate timely responses to overflow situations by construction personnel, a fully automated well control and throttling system is required. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, this utility model provides a fully automatic well control and throttling system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A fully automatic well control and choke system is provided, including a wellhead four-way connector at the wellhead, with a well control manifold and a choke manifold connected to both ends of the four-way connector. The bottom of the four-way connector is connected to the casing inside the wellbore. A blowout preventer (BOP) assembly for sealing the wellhead is connected to the top of the four-way connector. A rotary BOP is connected to the top of the rotary BOP assembly. A riser is connected to the rotary BOP. A first drilling pump for injecting light drilling fluid is installed on the riser. A first valve is installed on the riser. The well control manifold has a first connecting pipe connected to the four-way connector and a second connecting pipe connected to the riser. A second valve is installed on the first connecting pipe. A third valve is installed on the second connecting pipe. A second drilling pump for injecting heavy drilling fluid is installed on the well control manifold. The choke manifold includes... The system includes a direct current pipeline and two parallel throttling pipelines. The direct current pipeline is equipped with a fourth valve, while the two throttling pipelines are equipped with throttling valves, fifth valves, and filter components for filtering impurities. One end of the direct current pipeline is connected to a first feed pipe and a second feed pipe, and the other end is connected to a discharge pipe. The first feed pipe is connected to a four-way connector at the wellhead, and one end of the second feed pipe is connected between the rotary blowout preventer and the blowout preventer assembly. The first feed pipe is equipped with a sixth valve, and the second feed pipe is equipped with a seventh valve. A back pressure compensation system is also connected to the throttling manifold. The throttling valve, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, and the seventh valve are all connected to a controller, which is connected to a drilling-while-drilling pressure measurement device.

[0006] Furthermore, multiple fifth valves are spaced apart on the throttling channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the maximum working pressure of the throttle valve is the same as the maximum working pressure of the wellhead four-way valve.

[0008] Furthermore, the riser is equipped with a first flow meter at the feed end of the drilling pump for monitoring the feed flow rate of light drilling fluid; the discharge pipe on the throttling manifold is equipped with an eighth valve, and a measuring channel is connected in parallel at both ends of the eighth valve. The measuring channel is equipped with a ninth valve and a second flow meter for monitoring the discharge flow rate of light drilling fluid.

[0009] Furthermore, the throttle valve is an electric throttle valve, and the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth valves are electric flat gate valves.

[0010] Furthermore, the first flow meter and the second flow meter are respectively connected to the controller. When the flow difference between the drilling fluid feed flow rate detected by the first flow meter and the drilling fluid discharge flow rate detected by the second flow meter exceeds the threshold set in the controller, the controller controls the electric throttle valve to increase / decrease the channel in the valve so that the flow difference returns to the threshold range.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter assembly includes a housing and a filter screen. The housing has through holes on both sides for communicating with the throttling channel. The filter screen is inclinedly disposed inside the housing. The top of the filter screen is close to the feed end of the housing, and the bottom of the filter screen is close to the discharge end of the housing. A drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the housing below the filter screen, and a tenth valve for opening and closing the drain pipe is provided on the drain pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the sewage pipe is equipped with pressure measuring instruments for monitoring the pressure inside the pipe.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: When the fully automatic well control and throttling system of this application is applied to well control operations, the controller can control the opening of the sixth valve, the closing of the seventh valve, the blowout preventer assembly and the rotary blowout preventer, the stopping of the first drilling pump, and the starting of the second drilling pump. After the heavy drilling fluid is injected into the casing, the heavy drilling fluid can only be blocked by the blowout preventer assembly and the rotary blowout preventer, and can only enter the throttling manifold from the first feed pipe. By adjusting the throttling valve to control the discharge flow rate of the overflow, the formation fluid in the well can be gradually suppressed. This method of automatically opening and closing each valve and automatically adjusting the throttling valve through the controller not only improves the response speed of the well control and throttling system, but also improves the convenience of the operator's work. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fully automatic well control and throttling system according to Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the throttling system structure of a fully automatic well control throttling system according to Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter component of a fully automatic well control and throttling system according to Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0017] Among them, 1. Wellhead four-way valve; 2. Kill manifold; 21. First connecting pipe; 211. Second valve; 22. Second connecting pipe; 221. Third valve; 23. Second drilling pump; 3. Choke manifold; 31. Direct current pipe; 311. Fourth valve; 32. Choke pipe; 321. Choke valve; 322. Fifth valve; 33. Filter assembly; 331. Housing; 332. Filter screen; 333. Drain pipe; 3331. Tenth valve; 334. Pressure measuring instrument; 34. First Feed pipe; 341, sixth valve; 35, second feed pipe; 351, seventh valve; 36, discharge pipe; 361, eighth valve; 4, casing; 5, blowout preventer assembly; 51, semi-sealed gate blowout preventer; 52, fully sealed gate blowout preventer; 53, annular blowout preventer; 54, rotary blowout preventer; 6, riser; 61, first drilling pump; 62, first valve; 7, first flow meter; 8, measuring channel; 81, second flow meter; 82, ninth valve; 9, back pressure manifold; 91, back pressure pump. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0019] Example 1 This application discloses a fully automatic well control and throttling system, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The system includes a wellhead four-way connector 1 located at the wellhead, with a kill manifold 2 and a choke manifold 3 connected to its two ends, respectively. The bottom of the wellhead four-way connector 1 is connected to the casing 4 inside the wellbore, and the top of the wellhead four-way connector 1 is connected to a blowout preventer (BOP) assembly 5 for sealing the wellhead. A rotary BOP 54 is connected to the top of the rotary BOP 54, and a riser 6 is connected to the rotary BOP 54. The riser 6 is equipped with a first drilling pump 61 and a first valve 62 for injecting light drilling fluid. The kill manifold 2 has a first connecting pipe 21 connected to the wellhead four-way connector 1 and a second connecting pipe 22 connected to the riser 6. The first connecting pipe 21 has a second valve 211, and the second connecting pipe 22 has a third valve 221. The kill manifold 2 also has a second drilling pump 23 for injecting heavy drilling fluid. The throttling manifold 3 includes a direct current pipe 31 and two parallel throttling pipes 32. A fourth valve 311 is installed on the direct current pipe 31, and throttling valves 321, fifth valves 322, and filter components 33 for filtering impurities are installed on the two throttling pipes 32. One end of the direct current pipe 31 is connected to a first feed pipe 34 and a second feed pipe 35, and the other end is connected to a discharge pipe 36. The first feed pipe 34 is connected to the wellhead four-way valve 1, and one end of the second feed pipe 35 is connected between the rotary blowout preventer 54 and the blowout preventer assembly 5. A sixth valve 341 is installed on the first feed pipe 34, and a seventh valve 351 is installed on the second feed pipe 35. A back pressure compensation system is also connected to the throttling manifold 3. Throttling valve 321, first valve 62, second valve 211, third valve 221, fourth valve 311, fifth valve 322, sixth valve 341 and seventh valve 351 are all connected to a controller, which is connected to a drilling-while-drilling pressure measurement device (not shown in the figure) for monitoring the pressure inside the well.

[0020] During normal drilling operations, light drilling fluid is injected into the riser 6 via the first drilling pump 61. The light drilling fluid is discharged from the drill pipe and drill bit and enters the casing 4. The light drilling fluid flows continuously and carries away debris and impurities in the well. The sixth valve 341 and the seventh valve 351 can be closed by the controller, which ensures that the light drilling fluid can only be discharged from the rotary blowout preventer 54.

[0021] During controlled pressure drilling operations, light drilling fluid is injected into the riser 6 through the first drilling pump 61. The controller can control the rotation of the blowout preventer 54 and the sixth valve 341 to close. This allows the light drilling fluid to enter the casing 4, pass through the blowout preventer assembly 5, and enter the choke manifold 3 through the second feed pipe 35. The choke valve 321 is adjusted to control the discharge flow rate of the overflow, thereby maintaining the pressure balance in the well.

[0022] When the downhole pressure monitoring system detects excessive pressure and an impending overflow, the controller can activate various components to perform well control operations. During well control, the controller can open the sixth valve 341, close the seventh valve 351, the blowout preventer assembly 5, and the rotary blowout preventer 54, stop the first drilling pump 61, and start the second drilling pump 23. After injecting heavy drilling fluid into the casing 4, the heavy drilling fluid can only be blocked by the blowout preventer assembly 5 and the rotary blowout preventer 54, and can only enter the choke manifold 3 through the first feed pipe 34. By adjusting the choke valve 321 to control the flow rate of the overflow, the formation fluid in the well can be gradually suppressed.

[0023] In this embodiment, the controller employs a computer control system. The blowout preventer assembly 5 includes a semi-sealed gate blowout preventer 51, a fully sealed gate blowout preventer 52, and an annular blowout preventer 53. The well pressure is monitored in real time by a drilling annular pressure measurement device. The controller can automatically open and close each valve and automatically adjust the throttle valve 321, which not only improves the response speed of the well control and throttling system but also enhances the convenience of the operator's work.

[0024] In this embodiment, the backpressure compensation system adopts a compensation system commonly used in drilling operations, including a backpressure manifold 9 connected to a choke manifold 3. A backpressure pump 91 for injecting drilling fluid is installed on the backpressure manifold 9. During controlled-pressure drilling and well-killing operations, drilling fluid is injected into the choke manifold 3 through the backpressure pump 91, which works in conjunction with the choke manifold 3 to control the well pressure.

[0025] Furthermore, multiple fifth valves 322 are spaced apart on the throttling channel. This redundant design ensures that at least one fifth valve 322 can properly open and close the throttling channel during drilling operations, thus improving the stability of drilling operations.

[0026] In other embodiments of this application, multiple corresponding valves may also be designed on other pipes such as riser 6.

[0027] Specifically, the maximum working pressure of the throttle valve 321 is the same as the maximum working pressure of the wellhead four-way valve 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, the throttle valve 321 has the same pressure resistance as the wellhead four-way valve 1, which can avoid the occurrence of weak pressure links during the throttling process, thereby ensuring the working stability during the well control throttling process.

[0029] Furthermore, a first flow meter 7 for monitoring the feed flow rate of light drilling fluid is installed on the riser 6 at the feed end of the drilling pump. An eighth valve 361 is installed on the discharge pipe 36 of the throttling manifold 3, and a measuring channel 8 is connected in parallel to both ends of the eighth valve 361. A ninth valve 82 and a second flow meter 81 for monitoring the discharge flow rate of light drilling fluid are installed on the measuring channel 8.

[0030] In controlled pressure drilling operations, the feed flow rate of the light drilling fluid can be monitored by the first flow meter 7, and the discharge flow rate of the light drilling fluid can be monitored by the second flow meter 81. Operators need to adjust the throttle valve 321 via the controller to ensure that the difference between the feed flow rate and the discharge flow rate is maintained within the normal range for drilling operations.

[0031] Specifically, the throttle valve 321 is an electric throttle valve 321, and the first valve 62, the second valve 211, the third valve 221, the fourth valve 311, the fifth valve 322, the sixth valve 341, the seventh valve 351, the eighth valve 361 and the ninth valve 82 are electric flat gate valves.

[0032] Furthermore, the first flow meter 7 and the second flow meter 81 are respectively connected to the controller. When the flow difference between the drilling fluid feed flow rate detected by the first flow meter 7 and the drilling fluid discharge flow rate detected by the second flow meter 81 exceeds the threshold set in the controller, the controller controls the electric throttle valve 321 to increase / decrease the flow channel in the valve so that the flow difference returns to the threshold range.

[0033] In this embodiment, the threshold set in the controller is the flow difference range under normal operating conditions, which can be set by the engineer in conjunction with industry standards and the geological conditions of the mining site. The controller can control the electric throttle valve 321 to adjust the discharge flow rate to ensure that the difference between the discharge flow rate and the feed flow rate is maintained within the threshold range.

[0034] Specifically, the filter assembly 33 includes a housing 331 and a filter screen 332. The housing 331 has through holes on both sides for communicating with the throttling channel. The filter screen 332 is inclinedly disposed inside the housing 331, with its top near the feed end of the housing 331 and its bottom near the discharge end of the housing 331. A drain pipe 333 is located at the bottom of the housing 331 below the filter screen 332, and a tenth valve 3331 for opening and closing the drain pipe 333 is provided on the drain pipe 333.

[0035] In this embodiment, when the drilling fluid returns to the throttling pipe 32 after passing through the casing 4, debris and impurities in the well also pass through the throttling pipe 32. The filter screen 332 can filter out larger debris, thus preventing it from clogging the pipe and affecting the measurement of the discharge flow rate by the second flow meter 81. These impurities can be discharged by opening the tenth valve 3331, and then it must be closed promptly.

[0036] Furthermore, a pressure measuring instrument 334 for monitoring the pressure inside the pipe is installed on the sewage pipe 333.

[0037] In this embodiment, larger impurities can fall into the lower drain pipe 333 and gradually accumulate. When the impurities accumulate to a large extent, they will gradually clog the filter screen 332, thereby increasing the pressure inside the housing 331. Operators can open and close the tenth valve 3331 according to the measurement value of the pressure measuring instrument 334. Alternatively, the pressure measuring instrument 334 and the tenth valve 3331 can be connected to a controller. When the pressure measuring instrument 334 detects that the pressure inside the housing 331 is greater than the pressure threshold during normal operation, the controller controls the tenth valve 3331 to open, discharge the impurities, and then promptly close the tenth valve 3331.

[0038] The implementation principle of the fully automatic well control and throttling system in this application embodiment is as follows: When applied to well control operations, the fully automatic well control and throttling system of this application can control the opening of the sixth valve 341 and the closing of the seventh valve 351, the blowout preventer assembly 5, and the rotary blowout preventer 54 via a controller. The first drilling pump 61 is stopped, and the second drilling pump 23 is started. After heavy drilling fluid is injected into the casing 4, the heavy drilling fluid can only be blocked by the blowout preventer assembly 5 and the rotary blowout preventer 54, and can only enter the throttling manifold 3 through the first feed pipe 34. By adjusting the throttling valve 321 to control the discharge flow rate of the overflow, the formation fluid in the well can be gradually suppressed. This method of automatically opening and closing each valve and automatically adjusting the throttling valve 321 via a controller not only improves the response speed of the well control and throttling system but also improves the convenience of the operator's work.

[0039] Example 2 This application discloses a method for implementing a fully automatic well control and throttling system, which applies the fully automatic well control and throttling system disclosed in Embodiment 1, and includes the following implementation method: S1: During normal drilling operations, no controlled pressure drilling is used, and no throttling is required. At this time, close the second valve 211, the third valve 221, the sixth valve 341, and the seventh valve 351, and open the first valve 62, the rotary blowout preventer 54, and the blowout preventer assembly 5. Light drilling fluid enters the drill pipe from the riser 6, passes through the drill bit, enters the annular space between the drill pipe and the casing 4, and returns from the annular space to the rotary blowout preventer 54. The rotary blowout preventer 54 is in the open state, and the light drilling fluid can be discharged from the rotary blowout preventer 54. S2: During controlled pressure drilling operations, throttling is required. At this time, close the second valve 211, the third valve 221 and the sixth valve 341, close the rotary blowout preventer 54, and open the seventh valve 351 and the blowout preventer assembly 5. Light drilling fluid enters the drill pipe inside the well from the riser 6, enters the annular space through the drill bit, and returns to the rotary blowout preventer 54 from the annular space. The rotary blowout preventer 54 is in the closed state and can only enter the throttling manifold 3 through the second feed pipe 35. Throttling and pressure control are performed by adjusting the throttling valve 321. S3: During drilling, when the formation fluid pressure is greater than the bottom hole pressure, the formation fluid is forced into the annular space and overflow occurs. At this time, drilling and the first drilling pump 61 need to be stopped, the first drilling pump 61, the rotary blowout preventer 54, the blowout preventer group 5 and the second valve 211 need to be closed, and the first valve 62, the third valve 221 and the sixth valve 341 need to be opened. Heavy drilling fluid is injected into the second connecting pipe 22 through the kill manifold 2. The heavy drilling fluid enters the bottom of the well after passing through the riser 6 and the drill pipe, and then flows back to the wellhead four-way 1 through the annular space. The heavy drilling fluid and the residual light drilling fluid and formation fluid in the well can only enter the first feed pipe 34 and be discharged from the choke manifold 3. The choke valve 321 can be adjusted to control the pressure. S4: When a well kick occurs after tripping out of the well, the first valve 62, the third valve 221, the seventh valve 351, the rotary blowout preventer 54, and the blowout preventer assembly 5 must be closed. The second valve 211 and the sixth valve 341 must be opened. Re-drilling fluid is injected into the first connecting pipe 21 through the kill manifold 2. The re-drilling fluid enters the casing 4 through the wellhead four-way valve 1 and suppresses the formation fluid. The re-drilling fluid and the residual light drilling fluid and formation fluid in the well can only enter the first feed pipe 34 and be discharged from the choke manifold 3. Choke pressure can be controlled by adjusting the choke valve 321.

[0040] Those skilled in the art will understand that although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Thus, if these modifications and modifications of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A fully automatic well control and throttling system, characterized in that: The system includes a wellhead four-way connector (1) installed at the wellhead. Both ends of the four-way connector (1) are connected to a kill manifold (2) and a choke manifold (3), respectively. The bottom of the four-way connector (1) is connected to the casing (4) inside the wellbore. The top of the four-way connector (1) is connected to a blowout preventer assembly (5) for sealing the wellhead. The top of the blowout preventer assembly (5) is connected to a rotary blowout preventer (54). A riser (6) is connected to the rotary blowout preventer (54). A first drilling pump (61) for injecting light drilling fluid is installed on the riser (6). A first valve (62) is installed on the riser (6). The kill manifold (2) is provided with a first connecting pipe (21) for connecting to the wellhead cross-connector (1) and a second connecting pipe (22) for connecting to the riser (6). The first connecting pipe (21) is provided with a second valve (211), and the second connecting pipe (22) is provided with a third valve (221). The kill manifold (2) is provided with a second drilling pump (23) for injecting heavy drilling fluid. The throttling manifold (3) includes a direct current pipe (31) and two parallel throttling pipes (32). The direct current pipe (31) is equipped with a fourth valve (311). The two throttling pipes (32) are equipped with a throttling valve (321), a fifth valve (322), and a filter assembly (33) for filtering impurities. One end of the direct current pipe (31) is connected to a first feed pipe (34) and a second feed pipe (35), and the other end is connected to a discharge pipe (36). The first feed pipe (34) is connected to the wellhead four-way (1). One end of the second feed pipe (35) is connected between the rotary blowout preventer (54) and the blowout preventer assembly (5). The first feed pipe (34) is equipped with a sixth valve (341), and the second feed pipe (35) is equipped with a seventh valve (351). The throttling manifold (3) is also connected to a back pressure compensation system. The throttle valve (321), the first valve (62), the second valve (211), the third valve (221), the fourth valve (311), the fifth valve (322), the sixth valve (341), and the seventh valve (351) are all connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a drilling-while-drilling pressure measurement device.

2. The fully automatic well control and throttling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fifth valve (322) has multiple valves spaced apart on the throttling channel.

3. The fully automatic well control and throttling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum working pressure of the throttle valve (321) is the same as the maximum working pressure of the wellhead four-way valve (1).

4. The fully automatic well control and throttling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The riser (6) is equipped with a first flow meter (7) at the feed end of the drilling pump for monitoring the feed flow of light drilling fluid; the discharge pipe (36) of the throttling manifold (3) is equipped with an eighth valve (361), and a measuring channel (8) is connected in parallel at both ends of the eighth valve (361). The measuring channel (8) is equipped with a ninth valve (82) and a second flow meter (81) for monitoring the discharge flow of light drilling fluid.

5. The fully automatic well control and throttling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The throttle valve (321) is an electric throttle valve (321), and the first valve (62), the second valve (211), the third valve (221), the fourth valve (311), the fifth valve (322), the sixth valve (341), the seventh valve (351), the eighth valve (361) and the ninth valve (82) are electric flat gate valves.

6. The fully automatic well control and throttling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first flow meter (7) and the second flow meter (81) are respectively connected to the controller. When the flow difference between the drilling fluid feed flow rate detected by the first flow meter (7) and the drilling fluid discharge flow rate detected by the second flow meter (81) exceeds the threshold set in the controller, the controller controls the electric throttle valve (321) to increase / decrease the channel in the valve so that the flow difference returns to the threshold range.

7. The fully automatic well control and throttling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (33) includes a housing (331) and a filter screen (332). The housing (331) has through holes on both sides for communicating with the throttling channel. The filter screen (332) is inclinedly arranged inside the housing (331). The top of the filter screen (332) is close to the feed end of the housing (331), and the bottom of the filter screen (332) is close to the discharge end of the housing (331). A drain pipe (333) is provided at the bottom of the housing (331) below the filter screen (332). A tenth valve (3331) for opening and closing the drain pipe (333) is provided on the drain pipe (333).

8. The fully automatic well control and throttling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sewage pipe (333) is equipped with a pressure measuring instrument (334) for monitoring the pressure inside the pipe.

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