Mounting arrangement

Abstract

Fastening arrangement (1) with automatic three-dimensional tolerance compensation, comprising a first component (2), a second component (3) which can be fixed to the first component (2) by an assembly process with automatic three-dimensional compensation of tolerances in the position of the second component (3) relative to the first component (2), wherein the second component (3) can be moved into a predetermined position relative to the first component (2) during the assembly process by a delivery movement (32) in the direction of an assembly axis (33) and with a fastening device (6) comprising a first fastening element (4) and a second fastening element (5), characterized in that the first fastening element (4) has a rotatably mounted eccentric pin (7), wherein an axis of rotation (11) of the eccentric pin (7) is arranged eccentrically to a central longitudinal axis (12) of the eccentric pin (7) and parallel to the mounting axis (33), and that the second fastening element (5) has a receiving opening (8) for the eccentric pin (7) and that the eccentric pin (7) can be positioned in a vertical plane perpendicular to the mounting axis (33) during the delivery movement (32) of the second component (3) by a rotational movement such that the eccentric pin (7) can be inserted into the receiving opening (8) and can be fixed by a self-engaging locking connection (34) between the eccentric pin (7) and the receiving opening (8) such that the second component (3) can be arranged in the specified position relative to the first component (2).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a fastening arrangement with automatic three-dimensional tolerance compensation, with a first component, a second component which can be fixed to the first component by an assembly process with automatic three-dimensional compensation of tolerances in the position of the second component relative to the first component, wherein the second component can be moved into a predetermined position relative to the first component during the assembly process by an advancing movement in the direction of an assembly axis, and with a fastening device having a first fastening element and a second fastening element.

[0002] A wide variety of fastening devices for fastening a first component to a second component with automatic tolerance compensation in the distance between the two components are known. DE 10 2010 048 239 A1 describes such a fastening arrangement for two components that compensates for distance tolerances. This arrangement comprises a fastening recess permanently assigned to the first component, a sliding sleeve that can be inserted longitudinally displaceably into the fastening recess to overcome the distance tolerance, and a screw that can be inserted into the sliding sleeve while expanding the sliding sleeve, by means of which the second component can be fastened to the sliding sleeve.

[0003] WO 2004 / 067 975 A2 discloses a connecting element for connecting a first component to a second component with tolerance compensation in two planes or directions. The connecting element comprises a retaining clip firmly connected to the first component and a sliding element arranged in the retaining clip and displaceable relative to the retaining element in a first spatial direction. In addition to the sliding body arranged in the retaining clip, the sliding element comprises an insertion body which can be inserted or latched into a receiving opening of a receiving element. This allows the sliding element to be displaced relative to the receiving element in a second spatial direction.

[0004] Another fastening arrangement of the type mentioned above is already known from WO 2009 / 106 261 A1. This fastening arrangement has a fastening device for fastening an attachment to a fixed support part, which enables automatic three-dimensional compensation of tolerances in the position of the attachment relative to the support part and does not require screwing of the components involved. The fastening device comprises a support part locking element and an attachment locking element. The support part locking element is arranged in an opening in the support part with the interposition of a centering frame such that it is mounted floatingly in a radial plane prior to assembly. The attachment locking element consists of a locking pin, a fastening section, a screw, and a nut, and is arranged in a correspondingly designed receiving opening of a receiving element assigned to the attachment.The attachment locking element is designed in such a way that, during a feed movement of the attachment relative to the carrier part, it centers the carrier part locking element by displacement in the radial plane relative to the central axis and is secured in the specified position by a self-locking locking connection between the carrier part locking element and the attachment locking element. In addition to the two components to be connected, the fastening assembly therefore consists of a total of six individual parts, some of which must be connected to each other before and some of which must be arranged on the carrier part and the attachment part during the assembly process.

[0005] Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide a simple alternative fastening arrangement with an automatic three-dimensional tolerance compensation.

[0006] This object is achieved with a fastening arrangement according to the features of patent claim 1. The subclaims relate to particularly expedient developments of the invention.

[0007] According to the invention, a fastening arrangement with automatic three-dimensional tolerance compensation is provided, in which the first fastening element has a rotatably mounted eccentric pin, wherein a rotational axis of the eccentric pin is arranged eccentrically to a central longitudinal axis of the eccentric pin and parallel to the mounting axis, and the second fastening element has a receiving opening for the eccentric pin, wherein the eccentric pin can be positioned in a vertical plane oriented perpendicular to the mounting axis during the feed movement of the second component by a rotational movement such that the eccentric pin can be inserted into the receiving opening and can be fixed by an automatically engaging locking connection between the eccentric pin and the receiving opening such that the second component can be arranged in the predetermined position relative to the first component.Tolerances in the direction of the assembly axis are compensated for by the snap-in connection, while tolerances in the vertical plane oriented perpendicular to the assembly axis are compensated for by a rotational movement of the eccentric pin, not by a translational displacement movement as in the prior art. Furthermore, the fastening arrangement according to the invention has fewer individual parts, particularly compared to the fastening arrangement known from WO 2009 / 106261. This reduction in the number of individual parts and a simplification of the structural design of these individual parts result in significant advantages, particularly compared to the known prior art. For example, the manufacturing costs of the individual parts and the overall duration of the assembly process can be reduced. At the same time, cycle times are increased, and the tolerance chain can be reduced.The automatic assembly and fixing of the second component to the first component prevents unfavourable assembly positions for the person carrying out the assembly.

[0008] A particularly practical embodiment of the present invention provides that the eccentric pin has a particularly conically shaped insertion section. This ensures and facilitates the insertion of the eccentric pin during the feed movement of the second component relative to the first component. Upon initial contact of the insertion section of the eccentric pin with the wall surfaces of the receiving opening that delimit the receiving opening, the eccentric pin is rotated in the vertical position or the vertical plane such that, during the further course of the feed movement, it can be inserted into the receiving opening far enough for the second component to be arranged in the predetermined position relative to the first component.

[0009] Furthermore, it proves particularly expedient for the eccentric pin to have at least one locking element for establishing the locking connection with the receiving opening. In this case, the at least one locking element is advantageously arranged circumferentially. In a particularly simple embodiment, the locking element has circumferential grooves, in particular several grooves arranged parallel and one behind the other or next to the other in the longitudinal direction of the eccentric pin.

[0010] It has proven particularly practical for the rotatably mounted eccentric pin to be attached to the first component, which is designed, for example, as a stationary body component of a motor vehicle, and for the receiving opening to be assigned to the second component, which is designed as an attachment that executes the feed movement. However, it is also possible for the receiving opening to be assigned to the first component and the eccentric pin to the second component.

[0011] A further feature of the invention is that the rotatably mounted eccentric pin has a recess for receiving a bolt arranged on the component side. This allows the eccentric pin to be freely rotatable on the bolt fixed to the component. The bolt can be fixed to the component by a material bond, for example, by welding, or be an integral part of the component.

[0012] Advantageously, the rotatably mounted eccentric pin is positively connected to the bolt in order to ensure the process-reliable fixing of the eccentric pin to the respective component or of the second component to the first component.

[0013] A structural embodiment of the present invention provides for the receiving opening to be arranged in a sleeve-shaped receiving element. The wall surfaces of the sleeve-shaped receiving element form a guide for the eccentric pin during the assembly process and prevent the eccentric pin from jamming during the feed movement of the second component. Furthermore, the sleeve-shaped receiving element offers the possibility of integrating additional functional components of the fastening arrangement.

[0014] The sleeve-shaped receiving element can be connected in one piece to the first component or the second component or can be fixed to the first component or the second component as a separate component.

[0015] A further optimization of the present invention is achieved by arranging a decoupling element between the sleeve-shaped receiving element and the first component or the second component. This achieves acoustic and mechanical decoupling of the two components. The decoupling element, made of an elastomer, for example, dampens or insulates vibrations occurring during operation of the motor vehicle and the noise generated by these vibrations. The decoupling element can be designed as a separate part and fixed to the first component, the second component, or the receiving element by means of a form fit, force fit, or material fit.

[0016] Furthermore, it proves to be particularly expedient that the receiving element has at least one inwardly directed locking element for establishing the locking connection with the eccentric pin.

[0017] A particularly advantageous development of the present fastening arrangement according to the invention provides that a cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving opening extending in the vertical plane has larger dimensions in a first spatial axis than in a second spatial axis arranged orthogonally to the first spatial axis, wherein the dimensions are designed such that the eccentric pin arranged in the receiving opening is mounted so as to be floatingly movable in the direction of the first spatial axis during the assembly process. This floatingly movable mounting allows for optimized tolerance compensation in the first spatial axis, while simultaneously simplifying the insertion of the eccentric pin into the receiving opening.

[0018] It proves expedient for the locking element to be designed as at least one rib extending in the direction of the first spatial axis. The rib engages with one of the grooves in the eccentric pin during or after the assembly process and forms the positive locking connection in the direction of the assembly axis. The positive connection between the eccentric pin and the receiving opening or the receiving element is optimized by the locking element having at least two opposing, parallel ribs.

[0019] Furthermore, the invention is also characterized in that the eccentric pin and the receiving element are connected in the predetermined position by the locking connection in a form-fitting manner in the direction of the mounting axis and the second spatial axis and in a force-fitting manner in the direction of the first spatial axis. The locking connection can be acted upon by a normal force opposite to the feed movement, which force-fittingly connects the locking element of the eccentric pin and the locking element of the receiving element in the direction of the first spatial axis when the second component can be arranged in the predetermined position relative to the first component. The normal force results from a restoring force of a seal arranged between the first component and the second component, which is initially compressed by the feed movement of the second component and expands again once the predetermined position of the second component has been reached.This normal force connects the locking elements of the eccentric pin and the locking elements of the receiving element in a frictional or force-locking manner. This force-locking connection prevents relative movement between the eccentric pin and the receiving element in the vertical plane.

[0020] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the first component is a body component of a motor vehicle and / or the second component is an add-on or assembly part. This allows for the tolerances that occur during the production of the bodyshell or the body component to be easily compensated.

[0021] The invention permits numerous embodiments. To further clarify its basic principle, one of them is shown in the drawing and is described below. This shows in Fig. 1 is a perspective exploded view of a fastening arrangement with a first component and a second component; Fig. 2 a sectioned side view of the Fig. 1 shown fastening arrangement; Fig. 3 a sectional side view of the fastening arrangement immediately before mounting the second component on the first component; Fig. 4 a sectional side view of the fastening arrangement in a first installation situation; Fig. 5 a sectional side view of the fastening arrangement in a second installation situation; Fig. 6 a sectional side view of the fastening arrangement in a third installation situation.

[0022] The Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 each show an exploded view of the fastening arrangement 1 according to the invention with a first component 2, a second component 3 and a fastening device 6 consisting of a first fastening element 4 and a second fastening element 5. In the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures, the first component 2 is designed as a body component of a motor vehicle and the second component 3 as an add-on or assembly part, for example an air conditioning unit. The first fastening element 4 has a rotatably mounted eccentric pin 7 and the second fastening element 5 has a receiving element 9 having a receiving opening 8. Furthermore, a decoupling element 10 made of an elastomer is provided, which is arranged between the receiving element 9 and the second component 3.

[0023] A rotational axis 11 of the eccentric pin 7 has an eccentricity 13 relative to a central axis 12 of the eccentric pin 7. The rotatable mounting of the eccentric pin 7 on the first component 2 is realized on the component side by a cylindrical bolt 14 firmly connected to the first component 2 and on the pin side by a recess 15 suitable for receiving the bolt 14. In addition, the eccentric pin 7 has a conical insertion section 16 and a cylindrical fastening section 17, wherein the insertion section 16 faces the receiving element 9 or the receiving opening 8. The cylindrical fastening section 17 has a locking element 18, which is arranged circumferentially and consists of several grooves 19 arranged one behind the other and parallel in the longitudinal direction of the eccentric pin 7.

[0024] A cross-sectional area 20 of the receiving opening 8 arranged in the receiving element 9 is designed as an elongated hole and has larger dimensions in the direction of a first spatial axis 21 oriented parallel to the z-axis than in the direction of a second spatial axis 22 oriented orthogonal to the first spatial axis 21 and parallel to the y-axis. The dimensions of the receiving element 9 in the direction of its longitudinal extent (i.e. in the direction of the x-axis) are selected such that the eccentric pin 7 can be inserted at least partially or particularly preferably almost completely into the receiving opening 8 of the receiving element 9. Furthermore, the receiving element 9 has two locking elements 23 projecting into the receiving opening 8. In the illustrated embodiment, the locking elements 23 are designed as two ribs 24, 25 arranged opposite one another and parallel to one another, which extend in the direction of the first spatial axis 21 and in the direction of the z-axis.

[0025] As already described, the receiving element 9 is arranged on the second component 3 with the decoupling element 10 interposed. The decoupling element 10 is thus fixed on the one hand to the receiving element 9 and on the other hand to the second component 3. To fix the decoupling element 10 to the second component 3, two grooves 26, 27 extending in the direction of the z-axis are provided in the decoupling element 10, into which two webs 28, 29 arranged on the second component 3 engage in a form-fitting manner.

[0026] Before the actual assembly of the second component 3 to the first component 2, the receiving element 9 is pre-assembled to the second component 3 and the eccentric pin 7 to the first component 2. Fig. 3 shows the fastening arrangement 1 after the pre-assembly has been carried out. During the pre-assembly, the decoupling element 10 is first fixed to the receiving element 9, for example by a positive or material connection. The receiving element 9 is then fastened to the second component 3 with the decoupling element 10 interposed in such a way that the receiving element 9, the decoupling element 10, and the second component 3 form a jointly handleable first structural unit 30. To fix the decoupling element 10 connected to the receiving element 9 to the second component 3, the decoupling element 10 is positioned and moved relative to the second component 3 in such a way that the webs 28, 29 arranged on the second component 3 engage in a positive-locking manner in the correspondingly designed grooves 26, 27 of the decoupling element 10.

[0027] Furthermore, before the actual assembly of the second component 3 on the first component 2, the eccentric pin 7 is connected to the first component 2, as shown in Fig. 3, to form a jointly manageable second structural unit 31. For this purpose, the eccentric pin 7 is positioned such that the recess 15 of the eccentric pin 7 is arranged coaxially to the bolt 14 connected to the first component 2. By a relative movement between the eccentric pin 7 and the first component 2, the bolt 14 is then inserted into the recess 15, namely until the bolt 14 is in the Fig. 3. Preferably, a connection between the eccentric pin 7 and the bolt 14 is established by a positive axial locking mechanism, which is designed such that movement of the eccentric pin 7 in the axial direction, i.e., in the direction of the x-axis, is prevented, but at the same time the eccentric pin 7 can rotate freely about its axis of rotation 11.

[0028] If the receiving element 9 with the decoupling element 10 on the second component 3 and the eccentric pin 7 on the first component 2, as in Fig. 3, the second component 3 can be mounted on the first component 2, which is described below.

[0029] During the actual assembly process, the second component 3, designed, for example, as an air conditioning unit, must be fixed to the first component 2, designed as a body component of a motor vehicle. In order to fix the second component 3 in the correct position relative to the first component 2, it is only necessary for the second component 3 to be guided, for example by a robot, by an infeed movement 32 in the direction of an assembly axis 33 aligned parallel to the x-axis, until the second component 3 strikes a circumferential seal (not shown) of the first component 2. During the infeed movement 32 of the second component 3 in the direction of the assembly axis 33, the insertion section 16 of the eccentric pin 7 engages the receiving opening 8 of the receiving element 9.As a result, the eccentric pin 7 is rotated about its axis of rotation 11 and thus positioned in the vertical plane spanned by the y-axis and the z-axis and arranged perpendicular to the mounting axis 33 in such a way that the eccentric pin 7 can be inserted almost completely into the receiving opening 8 of the receiving element 9 and thus the second component 3 can be arranged in a predetermined position relative to the first component 2. The rotational movement of the eccentric pin 7 compensates for tolerances in the vertical plane, i.e. in the direction of the plane spanned by the y-axis and the z-axis.

[0030] During the feed movement 32 of the second component 3 relative to the first component 2, the locking elements 23 of the receiving element 9 engage with the locking elements 18 of the eccentric pin 7. This automatically locking locking connection 34 (see Fig. 4 to 6) between the locking elements 18, 23 of the eccentric pin 7 and the receiving opening 8 or the receiving element 9, a tolerance compensation takes place in the direction of the x-axis, wherein the feed movement 32 of the second component 3 relative to the first component 2 is completed when the second component 3 strikes the seal (not shown) of the first component 2 and the second component 3 is arranged in the predetermined position relative to the first component 2 (see Fig. 4). A restoring force 35 generated by the seal then acts between the two components 2, 3, pressing the locking elements 18 of the eccentric pin 7 and the locking elements 23 of the receiving element 9 against each other in such a way that they are connected to each other in a force-locking manner.

[0031] The Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shown fastening arrangement 1 in different installation situations, whereby the Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show the maximum tolerance positions of the fastening arrangement 1 in the direction of the y-axis. List of reference symbols 1 Mounting arrangement 2 first component 3 second component 4 first fastening element 5 second fastening element 6 Fastening device 7 eccentric pins 8 Receiving opening 9 Recording element 10 Decoupling element 11 axis of rotation 12 Central longitudinal axis 13 Eccentricity 14 bolts 15 Recess 16 Introductory section 17 Fastening section 18 locking element (eccentric pin) 19 grooves 20 cross-sectional area 21 first spatial axis 22 second spatial axis 23 locking element (receiving element) 24 ribs 25 ribs 26 grooves 27 grooves 28 jetty 29 jetty 30 first building unit 31 second building unit 32 Delivery movement 33 Mounting axis 34 Snap connection 35 Restoring force

Claims

[1] Fastening arrangement (1) with automatic three-dimensional tolerance compensation, with a first component (2), a second component (3) which can be fixed to the first component (2) by an assembly process with automatic three-dimensional compensation of tolerances in the position of the second component (3) relative to the first component (2), wherein the second component (3) can be moved during the assembly process by a feed movement (32) in the direction of an assembly axis (33) into a predetermined position relative to the first component (2) and with a fastening device (6) having a first fastening element (4) and a second fastening element (5), characterized by that the first fastening element (4) has a rotatably mounted eccentric pin (7), wherein a rotational axis (11) of the eccentric pin (7) is arranged eccentrically to a central longitudinal axis (12) of the eccentric pin (7) and parallel to the mounting axis (33), and that the second fastening element (5) has a receiving opening (8) for the eccentric pin (7) and that the eccentric pin (7) can be positioned during the feed movement (32) of the second component (3) by a rotary movement in a vertical plane oriented perpendicular to the mounting axis (33) in such a way that the eccentric pin (7) can be inserted into the receiving opening (8) and can be fixed by an automatically latching latching connection (34) between the eccentric pin (7) and the receiving opening (8) in such a way that the second component (3) can be arranged in the predetermined position relative to the first component (2). [2] Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 1, characterized by that the eccentric pin (7) has an insertion section (16) which is in particular conically shaped. [3] Fastening arrangement (1) according to claims 1 or 2, characterized bythat the eccentric pin (7) has at least one locking element (18) for establishing the locking connection (34) with the receiving opening (8). [4] Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 3, characterized by that the at least one locking element (18) is arranged circumferentially and / or that the locking element (18) has circumferential grooves (19). [5] Fastening arrangement (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the rotatably mounted eccentric pin (7) is arranged on the first component (2) and the receiving opening (8) is assigned to the second component (3) or that the rotatably mounted eccentric pin (7) is arranged on the second component (3) and the receiving opening (8) is assigned to the first component (2). [6] Fastening arrangement (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the rotatably mounted eccentric pin (7) has a recess (15) for receiving a bolt (14) arranged on the component side and / or that the rotatably mounted eccentric pin (7) is positively connected to the bolt (14) arranged on the component side. [7] Fastening arrangement (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the receiving opening (8) is arranged in a sleeve-shaped receiving element (9). [8] Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 7, characterized by that the sleeve-shaped receiving element (9) is connected in one piece to the first component (2) or the second component (3) or that the sleeve-shaped receiving element (9) is fixed to the first component (2) or the second component (3). [9] Fastening arrangement (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat a decoupling element (10) is arranged between the sleeve-shaped receiving element (9) and the first component (2) or the second component (3). [10] Fastening arrangement (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the receiving element (9) has at least one inwardly directed locking element (23) for establishing the locking connection (34) with the eccentric pin (7). [11] Fastening arrangement (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by in that a cross-sectional area (20) of the receiving opening (8) extending in the vertical plane has larger dimensions in a first spatial axis (21) than in a second spatial axis (22) arranged orthogonally to the first spatial axis (21), wherein the dimensions are designed such that the eccentric pin (7) arranged in the receiving opening (8) is mounted so as to be floatingly movable in the direction of the first spatial axis (21) during the assembly process. [12] Fastening arrangement (1) according to claim 10, characterized by that the locking element (23) of the receiving element (9) is designed as at least one rib (24, 25) which extends in the direction of the first spatial axis (21), or that the locking element (23) has at least two ribs (24, 25) arranged opposite one another in parallel. [13] Fastening arrangement (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the eccentric pin (7) and the receiving element (9) are connected in the predetermined position by the locking connection (34) in a form-fitting manner in the direction of the mounting axis (33) and the second spatial axis (22) and in a force-fitting manner in the direction of the first spatial axis (21). [14] Fastening arrangement (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the locking connection (34) can be acted upon by a normal force directed opposite to the feed movement (32), which force-lockingly connects the locking element (18) of the eccentric pin (7) and the locking element (23) of the receiving element (9) when the second component (3) is arranged in the predetermined position relative to the first component (2).

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