Device for stressing particles using electrical impulses

Abstract

Device for stressing particles (9) by means of electrical impulses (11) with - a device (1) for feeding particles (9), - at least one vertically arranged pipe section (2) with a reaction chamber for the stressing of particles (9), wherein the pipe section (2) and thus the reaction chamber is a flow channel of a flowable medium (10) and the particles (9) sink from top to bottom through the pipe section (2), - a device (3) for discharging particles (9), which is arranged in such a way that the particles (9) that have sunk through the pipe section (2) are transported away from the device for stressing particles (9), - a device (4) conveying the medium (10) in conjunction with the pipe section (2), so that the medium (10) flows against the direction of movement of particles (9) supplied to the pipe section (2) and sinking through the pipe section (2), - a control device (7) connected to the medium conveying device (4), so that the flow velocity of the medium (10) and thus the velocity of the particles (9) sinking through the pipe section (2) can be influenced, - a device (8) for discharging fine particles and / or ultrafine particles outside the reaction chamber in the direction of the device (1) for feeding particles (9), - electrodes (5) spaced apart from each other and connected to at least one pulse voltage generator (6), wherein pairs of electrodes arranged next to and / or one above the other can be controlled simultaneously or sequentially and the electrodes (5) end with or in front of the inner surface of the pipe section (2), so that the electrodes (5) do not protrude into the pipe section (2) and do not impede the flow of the medium (10) in the pipe section (2).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to devices for stressing particles by means of electrical impulses, comprising a device for feeding particles, at least one vertically arranged tube section with a reaction chamber for stressing particles, and a device for discharging particles.

[0002] The principle of comminuting solids using electrical impulses is well-known. These electrical impulse methods have disadvantages, particularly with regard to the continuous conveying of solid material through the reaction chamber, as well as the varying residence times required in the reaction chamber depending on the material and particle size. Furthermore, there is a risk of damage to components caused by the electrical impulses used.

[0003] German patent application DE 10 2014 008 989 A1 discloses a device and a method for the continuous comminution of solids using electrical pulses. This device has at least one reaction chamber into which the solids are fed by means of a transport system, the reaction chamber being located within a reaction vessel. This vessel has at least one electrode set consisting of at least two electrodes arranged at a predetermined distance from one another, forming an electrode gap within the reaction chamber. At least one central electrode and surrounding electrodes are present.A device for generating electrical impulses delivers these impulses to the electrodes of the electrode array. The solids remain pressed against the electrode array until the electrical impulses reduce their size to such an extent that the resulting solids are smaller than the distance between the opposing electrodes. The reduced solids then pass through the space between the electrodes along with the flowing transport medium. Continuous comminution is essentially only achieved with solids of approximately uniform size. Insufficient or no comminution can lead to a buildup of solids.

[0004] Publication WO 2012 129 713 A relates to an electrode arrangement for an electrodynamic fragmentation system with a through-opening or channel for the material to be fragmented and with one or more electrode pairs. High-voltage discharges are generated within the through-opening or channel by applying high-voltage pulses from the electrodes to the material to be fragmented. Rod-shaped, pointed, or rounded electrodes protrude from the edge of a surrounding casing and, optionally, from a centrally located dome-shaped insulating body into the fragmentation chamber to obtain approximately spherical fragments. For this purpose, the electrode spacing is smaller than the maximum particle size that can pass through the through-opening or channel.

[0005] The publication JP 11-33 430 A discloses a comminution process and a device for carrying out the process. This involves electrode plates inclined at an angle to one another, between which high-voltage discharges occur via voltage pulses. The electrode plates form a tapered gap. To pass through the tapered gap, the particles must be smaller than the distance between the electrode plates at that point. A solution consisting of comminution and classification functions is described. The material must therefore be comminuted to pass through the device.

[0006] Document FR 1 341 851 A also relates to a method and a device for treating materials, and in particular for spraying and mixing materials in a liquid medium. The method comprises the electrical generation and application of an intense pulsed hydraulic force to the material using this liquid medium.

[0007] The invention specified in claim 1 is based on the objective of processing particles at least in such a way that they are already better or completely broken down in coarser fractions for subsequent mechanical comminution.

[0008] This problem is solved by the features listed in claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

[0009] The devices for stressing particles by means of electrical impulses, comprising a device for feeding particles, at least one vertically arranged pipe section with a reaction chamber for stressing particles and a device for discharging particles, are characterized in particular by the fact that these particles are already better or completely broken down in coarser fractions for subsequent comminution.

[0010] The pipe section, and thus the reaction chamber, is a flow channel for a fluid medium. A medium-conveying device is connected to the pipe section in such a way that the medium flows against the direction of movement of the particles fed into and sinking through the pipe section. The pipe section has electrodes arranged at intervals from one another and connected to at least one pulse voltage generator, whereby pairs of electrodes arranged side by side and / or one above the other can be controlled simultaneously or sequentially. Furthermore, the electrodes terminate at or in front of the inner surface of the pipe section, so that the electrodes do not protrude into the pipe section and do not impede the flow of the medium within it.

[0011] The system is characterized by the fact that no moving conveying devices are required in the reaction chamber. Furthermore, the particles can pass through the process chamber without stress and thus without damage or comminution. The residence time of the particles in the reaction chamber is advantageously adjustable depending on the material, throughput, and / or size by means of the conveying device, whereby the medium flows against the direction of movement of the particles fed into and falling through the pipe section. Unintentionally generated fine and ultrafine particles can be continuously removed from the reaction chamber by the flowing medium against the direction of fall of the particles to be damaged.

[0012] The electrodes do not protrude into the reaction chamber, thus largely preventing contact between the particles being treated and the electrodes, and consequently abrasive wear of the electrodes. Advantageously, the electrodes can be individually controlled. Pairs of electrodes can be controlled simultaneously or sequentially, and the electrode pairs can be arranged side by side and / or one above the other.

[0013] The particles, also known as mineral grains, are thus advantageously available in coarser fractions, or even completely broken down, for subsequent comminution, thereby requiring less energy. This allows, for example, better extraction of metal-bearing minerals from ores, and their more complete and higher concentrations. As a result, even deposit areas with lower ore content can be economically exploited, the necessary completeness of deposit utilization is increased, and the sustainability of raw material processing is improved.

[0014] According to the invention, the particles sink from top to bottom through the tube section. This allows the particles to be fed continuously, making it possible to subject the particles to continuous electrical impulses within the tube section.

[0015] Preferably, several electrodes are distributed around the inner circumference of the pipe section and arranged at intervals from each other. Furthermore, the electrodes are connected to pulse voltage generators.

[0016] Preferably, two electrodes are arranged in at least two spaced-apart planes of the pipe section, and these electrodes are connected to a pulse voltage generator. The stress on the particles can thus be applied in multiple planes during their descent.

[0017] Advantageously, electrodes are arranged in a single plane and / or in spaced-apart planes distributed around the inner circumference of the pipe section. Furthermore, the electrodes are connected to pulse voltage generators. The electrodes can also be arranged in a helical configuration.

[0018] Preferably, the electrodes of a plane are connected to at least one pulse voltage generator. Furthermore, the pulse voltage generators are interconnected with a control device such that the voltages and / or pulses simultaneously applied to the electrodes of the planes differ from one another.

[0019] According to the invention, the device for discharging particles is arranged in such a way that the particles sinking through the pipe section are transported away from the device for stressing particles.

[0020] According to the invention, the medium conveying device is connected to a control device, so that the flow velocity of the medium and thus the velocity of the particles sinking through the pipe section can be influenced.

[0021] According to the invention, a device for discharging fine and / or ultrafine particles is arranged outside the reaction chamber in the direction of the particle feeding device. This can be an opening in the wall of the pipe section, which may be connected to a suction device.

[0022] The device for feeding particles, the vertically arranged pipe section, the medium conveying device and lines preferably form a medium-carrying circuit.

[0023] Preferably, the medium is a gas or a liquid.

[0024] An embodiment of the invention is shown in principle in the drawings and is described in more detail below.

[0025] They show: Fig. 1. A device for stressing particles by means of electrical impulses and Fig. 2 a pipe section with electrodes and a reaction chamber.

[0026] A device for stressing particles 9 by means of electrical impulses 11 essentially consists of a device 1 for feeding particles 9, a vertically arranged pipe section 2 with a reaction chamber, a device 3 for discharging particles 9, a medium 10 conveying device 4, electrodes 5, a pulse voltage generator 6 and a control device 7.

[0027] The Fig. Figure 1 shows a device for stressing particles 9 by means of electrical impulses 11 in a basic representation.

[0028] The device 1 for feeding particles 9 is arranged such that the particles 9 sink from top to bottom through the pipe section 2. The device 3 for discharging particles 9 is positioned such that the particles 9 that have sunk through the pipe section 2 are transported away from the device for stressing particles 9. The device 4 for conveying the medium 10 is connected to the control device 7 so that the flow velocity of the medium 10, and thus the velocity of the particles 9 sinking through the pipe section 2, can be controlled. A device 8 for discharging fine and / or ultrafine particles 9 can be arranged in the direction of the device 1 for feeding particles 9.

[0029] The Fig. Figure 2 shows a pipe section 2 with electrodes 5 and a reaction chamber in a schematic representation.

[0030] The pipe section 2, and thus the reaction chamber, constitutes a flow channel for the flowable medium 10. For this purpose, the device 4 conveying the medium 10 is connected to the pipe section 2 in such a way that the medium 10 flows against the direction of movement of the particles 9 supplied to and falling through the pipe section 2.

[0031] The pipe section 2 has electrodes 5 spaced apart from one another and connected to the pulse voltage generator 6. The electrodes 5 terminate at or in front of the inner surface of the pipe section 2, so that the electrodes 5 do not protrude into the pipe section 2 and do not impede the flow of the medium 10 within the pipe section 2. Electrodes 5 can also be connected to multiple pulse voltage generators 6. This allows pulses with different frequencies and / or pulse durations to be generated. The voltage can be, for example, 400 kV to 600 kV. The frequency can be equal to or greater than 25 Hz. The energy range can be greater than or equal to 7 J to equal to or less than 700 J.

[0032] For this purpose, several electrodes 5 can be distributed around the inner circumference of the pipe section 2 and spaced apart from each other. Each electrode 5 can be located in at least two spaced-apart planes of the pipe section 2. In one embodiment, the electrodes 5 can also be distributed around the inner circumference of the pipe section 2 in a plane and / or in spaced-apart planes, so that the electrodes 5 are arranged in a helical configuration.

[0033] At least the device 1 for feeding particles, the vertically arranged pipe section 2, the device 4 for conveying the medium 10, and the lines can form a circuit carrying the medium 10. Furthermore, the device 3 for discharging particles 9 can also be integrated into this circuit.

[0034] Medium 10 is a gas or a liquid. Reference symbol list 1 Device for feeding particles 2 pipe sections 3 Device for the discharge of particles 4. Medium-promoting institution 5 electrode 6 Pulse voltage generator 7 Control unit 8 Device for discharging fine and / or ultrafine particles 9 particles 10 Medium 11 Electrical impulse

Claims

[1] Device for stressing particles (9) by means of electrical impulses (11) with - a device (1) for supplying particles (9), - at least one vertically arranged pipe section (2) with a reaction chamber for the loading of particles (9), wherein the pipe section (2) and thus the reaction chamber is a flow channel of a flowable medium (10) and the particles (9) sink from top to bottom through the pipe section (2), - a device (3) for discharging particles (9), which is arranged so that the particles (9) which have sunk through the pipe section (2) are transported away from the device for stressing particles (9), - a device (4) conveying the medium (10) in connection with the pipe section (2), so that the medium (10) flows against the direction of movement of particles (9) fed to the pipe section (2) and sinking through the pipe section (2), - a control device (7) connected to the device (4) conveying the medium (10), so that the flow velocity of the medium (10) and thus the velocity of the particles (9) sinking through the pipe section (2) can be influenced, - a device (8) for discharging fine particles and / or ultrafine particles outside the reaction chamber in the direction of the device (1) for supplying particles (9), - electrodes (5) arranged at a distance from one another and connected to at least one pulse voltage generator (6), wherein electrode pairs arranged next to one another and / or one below the other can be controlled simultaneously or sequentially and the electrodes (5) end with or in front of the inner surface of the pipe section (2) so that the electrodes (5) do not protrude into the pipe section (2) and do not impede the flow of the medium (10) in the pipe section (2). [2] Device according to claim 1, characterized bythat two electrodes (5) are arranged in at least two planes of the pipe section (2) which are arranged at a distance from one another and that these electrodes (5) are connected to a pulse voltage generator (6). [3] Device according to claim 1, characterized by that electrodes (5) are arranged in a plane and / or in planes arranged at a distance from one another around the inner circumference of the pipe section (2), that the electrodes (5) of one plane are connected to at least one pulse voltage generator (6) and that the pulse voltage generators (6) are interconnected with the control device (7) in such a way that the voltages and / or pulses of the planes applied simultaneously to the electrodes (5) differ from one another. [4] Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized bythat the device (1) for supplying particles (9), the vertically arranged pipe section (2), the device (4) conveying the medium (10) and lines are a circuit carrying the medium (10). [5] Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that the medium (10) is a gas or a liquid.

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