Module and assembly for a stationary heat pump system

Abstract

Module (M) for a stationary heat pump system comprising: at least one heat exchanger (W1, W2, W3). The at least one heat exchanger (W1, W2, W3) consists of interconnected plates arranged one above the other or side by side. A characteristic feature of the invention is that the module (M) has at least one connector (VWQ, VWV) for establishing a fluid-tight connection between the at least one heat exchanger (W1, W2, W3) and at least one heat source and / or at least one heat consumer. The module (M) also includes a compressor (KP) and an expansion valve (EV). A component (B) for a stationary heat pump system comprising at least one fourth heat exchanger (W4) and at least one module (M) according to the invention. The at least one fourth heat exchanger (W4) is a direct evaporator.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a module and an assembly for a stationary heat pump system and to the use of the module and the assembly in a heating system or an air conditioning system.

[0002] The publication DE 100 58 708 A1 describes a heat pump consisting of a refrigerant circuit line arranged in a housing (enclosure housing), a compressor equipped with an electric motor, a condenser (heat exchanger), an expansion valve (throttle), and an evaporator (heat exchanger). Such a heat pump is designed such that the circuit line connecting the evaporator to the compressor, before being connected to the compression chamber of the compressor, assigns the compressor as a heat exchanger, and at least this assignment area is arranged in a heat and sound insulation by the line distributor forming the heat exchanger. The heat and sound insulation is formed by at least two shells enclosing the electric motor.In this way, the compressor is to be insulated against the audible or noticeable vibrations it generates, often abbreviated to NVH, and at the same time the heat generated during compressor operation is to be dissipated. The English term Noise, Vibration, Harshness (NHV) is abbreviated to NVH and refers to the unwanted audible or noticeable vibrations in machines. In general, NVH is caused by the local introduction of force from a vibration source, in this case the compressor, into vibration-transmitting media such as mechanical structures, in this case the housing of a heat pump. Effects caused by NVH are generally perceived as disturbing by people and reduce the acceptance of the heat pump, for example by people who live adjacent to the heat pump's installation location.For this reason, measures are taken to prevent the occurrence of NVH, to reduce NVH and / or to transmit NVH. Disadvantageously, the dissipation of heat generated by the electric motor is at least hindered by the sound insulation and must be achieved by using part of the compressor as a heat exchanger. Furthermore, the use of heat and sound insulation and the disadvantageous arrangement of the components require significantly more installation space. The use of at least two shells makes maintenance or even repair of the proposed heat pump disadvantageously complex. Furthermore, the use of soldered refrigerant lines makes maintenance or repair of the proposed heat pump at least more difficult. Therefore, flame brazing is necessary to replace a component such as the compressor.The thermal and sound insulation further increases the already high fire risk during flame brazing. Since a component such as the compressor is only present once, a single component failure can adversely affect the entire heat pump because there is no component redundancy.

[0003] The device according to the invention with the features of the independent patent claim has the advantage that the acceptance of the heat pump as a heat source for a heating system or an air conditioning system is at least increased by a more favorable NVH behavior, the maintenance and possible repair of the heat pump is simplified, the reliability of the heat pumps is increased by the redundancy of components and the costs are reduced by a compact design of the module / assembly according to the invention.

[0004] The starting point for the invention is a stationary heat pump. A heat pump utilizes heat present in the environment. Stationary is understood to mean a fixed installation. The module according to the invention for a stationary heat pump system has at least one heat exchanger. Wherein the at least one heat exchanger has interconnected plates arranged one above the other or next to one another. It is possible for the plates to be made of an aluminum alloy and to be materially connected. The plates can be connected, for example, by brazing. What is characteristic of the invention is that the module according to the invention has at least one connector for producing a fluid-tight connection between the module according to the invention and at least one heat source and / or at least one heat consumer. Wherein the module has a compressor and an expansion valve.A heat pump system can consist of at least three parts: a heat source that extracts heat from the environment, at least one heat pump, and at least one heat consumer that distributes and stores heat, for example in a building. The heat source can be air, earth, or groundwater, for example. The heat consumer could be a heat distribution and storage system for a building, for example. The module according to the invention has at least one heat exchanger, a compressor, and an expansion valve and can thus represent a heat pump. It is possible for the module according to the invention to be an air-water heat pump, a water-water heat pump, or a brine-water heat pump, for example. Other variants are also conceivable. It is conceivable for a refrigerant such as propane (R290), carbon dioxide (R744), or R410A to flow through the module according to the invention.It is conceivable that brine or water flows through the module according to the invention in addition to the refrigerant. In a first heat exchanger, the refrigerant can be condensed and thus release energy again. In the compressor, the refrigerant can be compressed and thus the pressure of the refrigerant can be increased. In a further component, the expansion valve, the pressure of the refrigerant can be reduced again. A heat source can be connected directly to the module according to the invention and / or indirectly via a further heat exchanger. It is possible for the compressor to be fluidly connected to the other components of the module according to the invention by lines. The components of the module according to the invention can be connected to a mounting plate. The necessary channels for a fluid connection of the components can run in the mounting plate.Since the module according to the invention has the necessary components for operating a heat pump, an advantageous compact design can be achieved. Since only a few lines are required to fluidly connect the components, costs can be advantageously reduced. It is also advantageously possible to adapt the output of the heat pump system to the different heat requirements of, for example, buildings of different sizes by using more than one module according to the invention. By using more than one module, the reliability can be advantageously increased. This is because the modules can be present redundantly and if one module fails, the other modules available can continue to transfer heat.A fluid-tight connection is understood to mean that the connection, for example, connects two lines fluidically, but no medium or only negligible amounts of a medium can escape into the environment in the area of ​​the connection.

[0005] The at least one connector is designed to be detachable. A detachable connector can be separated and reconnected without damaging or destroying the components. This advantageously makes it possible to assemble or replace the module according to the invention without the use of material-separating processes. This advantageously prevents the risk of fire, for example from flame soldering during maintenance or repair work on the heat pump. It is possible to use a quick-action coupling as the connector. Quick-action couplings serve as fluid technology connectors for safely and quickly connecting or separating liquid or gaseous media. A quick-action coupling basically consists of two components: a coupling socket and a plug. To establish a connection, the plug can be pushed into the coupling. A release sleeve can spring forward and thus automatically lock the plug and the coupling socket.When uncoupling, the release sleeve can be pushed back with one hand, for example, and the connection released again. A seal, such as an O-ring, can be arranged between the coupling socket and the plug. Alternatively, it is possible for a connector to be screwed on and sealed with a bi-material seal. A narrow sealing disc with a connected rubber lip could be used as a bi-material seal. In the first embodiment of the module according to the invention, the module can have four connectors and a first heat exchanger. The inlet line and the outlet line of a heat source and a heat consumer can be fluidically connected using two connectors each. It is possible for the first heat exchanger to be connected to a heat consumer.

[0006] In a further embodiment according to the invention, the module can have six connectors. In this way, it is possible to fluidically connect two heat sources and one heat consumer, each with the inlet line and outlet line, to the module. It is conceivable for the module to be supplied with heat from the earth and from the air as heat sources. Alternatively, it is conceivable for the module to be supplied with heat from the earth and wastewater as heat sources. More than two different heat sources are also conceivable. In a further embodiment according to the invention, the module can be connected to more than two heat sources and more than two heat consumers. In this way, the module can have twice the number of connectors as the total number of heat sources and heat consumers.

[0007] In a further embodiment of the module according to the invention, the compressor can be joined to the module. For example, it is possible for the compressor to be connected to the module using force-fitting connections, such as clamp connections or screw connections. Alternatively, it is conceivable for the compressor to be connected to the module using a material-to-material connection, such as welding. The compressor can be driven by an electric motor and generate vibrations during operation. These vibrations can, for example, be transmitted to other mechanical structures and thus cause operating behavior of the entire heat pump system that is perceived as disturbing by people. This behavior is summarized as NVH behavior. It is conceivable that the NVH behavior of the module, together with the compressor, can be improved by mounting the module in a vibration-isolated manner from the environment.This can be achieved by providing a damping and elastic support for the module. For example, helical compression springs could be used together with rubber buffers for the support of the module according to the invention. In this way, the NVH behavior of the module and thus of the heat pump system can be advantageously improved. This can increase the acceptance of the heat pump system by neighbors adjacent to the heat pump system's installation site.

[0008] In a further embodiment of the module according to the invention, the module can be decoupled from the vibrations of the compressor. The compressor can be driven by an electric motor and generate vibrations during operation. These vibrations can be transmitted to adjacent components. It is conceivable for the compressor to be connected to the module in a vibration-isolated manner, thus decoupling the module according to the invention from the vibrations of the compressor. The compressor can be connected to the module, for example, by means of screw connections. The screw connections can have an elastic damper such as a rubber buffer. Alternatively, it is possible to mount the compressor in a vibration-isolated manner. This can be achieved by a damping and elastic mounting of the compressor. For example, helical compression springs together with rubber buffers could be used to mount the compressor.In this way, the NVH behavior of the module and thus of the heat pump system can be advantageously improved. This can increase the acceptance of the heat pump system among neighbors adjacent to the heat pump system's installation site.

[0009] According to the invention, the at least one heat exchanger can be connected to the module in a materially bonded or force-locked manner. The module according to the invention can have a mounting plate. In a further embodiment of the module according to the invention, the at least one heat exchanger can be connected to the module in a materially bonded manner. The at least one heat exchanger can be connected to the mounting plate in a materially bonded manner, for example by brazing. Channels for the fluidic connection of the at least one heat exchanger to other components of the module, such as the expansion valve, can run in the mounting plate.

[0010] In a further embodiment of the module according to the invention, the at least one heat exchanger can be non-positively connected to the module. It is conceivable for the at least one heat exchanger to be connected to the mounting plate by means of several screw connections. Alternatively, several clamp connections are conceivable for connecting the at least one heat exchanger to the mounting plate. One or more sealing elements can be arranged between the at least one heat exchanger and the mounting plate in order to fluidically separate the connections from the environment. In this way, the at least one heat exchanger can be replaced. For example, if deposits have formed inside the at least one heat exchanger due to a contaminated medium and thus reduce the performance of the at least one heat exchanger due to the lower flow rate of the medium.

[0011] In the first embodiment of the invention, the module can have at least one first heat exchanger. The at least one first heat exchanger can be an indirect condenser. The use of a first heat exchanger is preferred. A coolant can flow through the module. The first heat exchanger can be connected to a heat consumer by means of two connectors. In the first heat exchanger (indirect condenser), heat can be transferred from the coolant flowing through the module to another medium, such as water, by condensing the coolant. The heat consumer can be a house, for example, that is heated using the heated water. The module can have a mounting plate with two connectors for connecting to a heat source. In this way, the module can be supplied with heat and can have four connectors.The heat source can, for example, be a direct evaporator located outside the module in which the refrigerant is evaporated in the ambient air.

[0012] In a further embodiment of the invention, the module can have at least one second internal heat exchanger. The module can have a first heat exchanger. It is conceivable for the module to have two or more second internal heat exchangers. The use of a second heat exchanger is preferred. A coolant can flow through the module. The first heat exchanger can be connected to a heat consumer by means of two connectors. In the first heat exchanger (indirect condenser), heat can be transferred from the coolant flowing through the module to another medium, such as water, by condensing the coolant. The heat consumer can be a house, for example, which is heated using the heated water. The second heat exchanger can be connected to a heat source by means of two connectors. In this way, the module can be supplied with heat and can have four connectors.The heat source can be a direct evaporator, in which the refrigerant is evaporated in the ambient air and which is located outside the module. In the second internal heat exchanger, the refrigerant can be further subcooled and / or superheated. It is possible for liquid refrigerant, which has a high pressure and temperature, to flow through one side of the internal second heat exchanger and gaseous refrigerant, which has a low pressure and temperature, to flow through the other side. The gaseous refrigerant can then be further superheated and any remaining liquid components can be evaporated. This prevents liquid components of the refrigerant from entering the compressor, thus improving the module's performance because more power can be transferred.This allows the liquid refrigerant to be further subcooled, liquefying any remaining gaseous components. This prevents gaseous components from entering the expansion valve. This further improves the module's performance, as more heat can be transferred.

[0013] In a further embodiment according to the invention, the module can have at least a third heat exchanger. The at least one third heat exchanger can be an indirect evaporator. A coolant can flow through the module and can, for example, have a third heat exchanger. The module can have a first and a second heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger can be connected to a heat consumer by means of two connectors. In the first heat exchanger (indirect condenser), heat can be transferred from the coolant flowing through the module to another medium, such as water, by condensing the coolant. The heat consumer can, for example, be a house that is heated using the heated water. The third heat exchanger can be connected to a heat source by means of two connectors. The heat source could, for example, be a geothermal borehole.In the third heat exchanger (indirect evaporator), heat can be transferred from another medium, such as brine, to a refrigerant flowing through the module by evaporating the refrigerant. In this way, the module can be supplied with heat and can have four connectors. The heat source can be a direct evaporator, in which the refrigerant is evaporated in the ambient air. It is conceivable that heat from the earth or groundwater can be transferred via brine. In this way, for example, heat from the air or the earth can advantageously be used as heat sources for the module. The module according to the invention can have four connectors.

[0014] In a further embodiment of the invention, the module can have at least a fourth heat exchanger. The at least one fourth heat exchanger can be a direct heat exchanger. With a direct heat exchanger, for example, heat can be transferred directly from the ambient air to a coolant. The module can have a first heat exchanger and a coolant can flow through it. The first heat exchanger can be connected to a heat consumer by means of two connectors. In the first heat exchanger (indirect condenser), heat can be transferred from the coolant flowing through the module to another medium, such as water, by condensing the coolant. The heat consumer can be, for example, a house that is heated using the heated water. The module can have two connectors.The at least one fourth heat exchanger can, for example, have flat tubes arranged one above the other with fins in between. The fins can be used to increase the surface area available for heat transfer. The fourth heat exchanger can, for example, comprise an aluminum alloy and be brazed. The at least one fourth heat exchanger can serve as a heat source for the module. For example, the at least one fourth heat exchanger can transfer heat from the air to the refrigerant. The at least one fourth heat exchanger can be operated as a direct evaporator for most of its operating time, for example by evaporating the refrigerant in the air. At low ambient temperatures, icing can occur on the at least one fourth heat exchanger. The ice reduces the performance of the fourth heat exchanger.To remove the ice, the at least one fourth heat exchanger can be operated as a condenser, liquefying the refrigerant against the ice. The heat generated in this way can be used to remove the ice. The at least one fourth heat exchanger can be integrally connected to the module, for example, by brazing. By arranging fourth heat exchangers on the module, an advantageous, compact design of the heat pump system can be achieved. By using multiple fourth heat exchangers, the required installation space can be further reduced.

[0015] The module according to the invention can have a collector and / or at least one holder. In a further embodiment of the invention, the module can have a collector. The collector can serve to advantageously increase the efficiency of the refrigerant circuit of the module under different ambient conditions by storing refrigerant in the collector and releasing it again when needed. Different ambient conditions can be understood, for example, as the different seasons. Since the refrigeration circuit of the module according to the invention is closed and has only a maximum of one collector, the refrigeration circuit can function in a self-regulating manner with the help of the collector. The collector can be designed in such a way that phase separation of a refrigerant having gaseous and liquid components can take place in it, partly through gravity.This ensures that only completely gaseous or completely liquid refrigerant can escape from the collector.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, a module according to the invention can have a holder. This holder can be used to connect the module to the environment. The compressor and the other components, such as the at least one heat exchanger, can be connected to the holder by a material or force fit. The holder can be mounted in a way that isolates it from vibrations. This can be achieved by a damping and elastic mounting of the holder. For example, helical compression springs could be used together with rubber buffers for the holder mounting. This allows favorable NVH behavior of the heat pump system to be achieved while maintaining a compact design of the module.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, a module according to the invention may comprise a collector and a holder.

[0018] In a further embodiment of the invention, the module can have at least one sensor. It is conceivable that the at least one sensor is a temperature sensor. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the at least one sensor is a pressure sensor. For example, the at least one sensor can determine necessary input variables for controlling the module or the heat pump system. The arrangement of the at least one sensor can achieve an advantageous, compact design of the module. The at least one sensor can be connected to the module by means of a quick-release coupling.

[0019] The module according to the invention can have a controller for the stationary heat pump system and / or the module according to the invention. The term controller also includes the term regulation. The same applies to the term controlling, and the term controlling also includes the term regulating. Controlled means that a system is influenced in a targeted manner. The system changes through stimulus, information, a message, or input. In contrast, regulated means a process in which a variable variable, the controlled variable, is continuously compared with another variable variable, the reference variable, and influenced in order to align it with the reference variable. For example, the module according to the invention or the stationary heat pump system could be understood as this system. A local interconnect network (LIN bus for short) could be used to network the necessary sensors and actuators of the controller.The Local Interconnect Network is a serial communication system for networking. In another embodiment, the module can include a controller for the module. In this way, in the event of a malfunction, the controller can be easily replaced along with the module, simplifying the use of multiple modules in a stationary heat pump system. In another embodiment, the module can include a controller for the stationary heat pump system. The module according to the invention can include the necessary sensors and actuators. The sensors can be, for example, pressure sensors, and the actuators can be, for example, valves.

[0020] In a further embodiment of the invention, the module can have at least one detachable hydraulic coupling. The at least one detachable hydraulic coupling can be represented by a quick-release coupling in order to establish a detachable fluidic connection to a hydraulic component. For example, the at least one hydraulic coupling can be designed as a spring-loaded coupling with a plug and coupling socket. A hydraulic component such as a valve or a distributor can be connected to the module according to the invention using the at least one hydraulic coupling. Since the at least one detachable hydraulic coupling is designed as a quick-release coupling, the fluidic connection to the hydraulic component can be severed without damaging or destroying the components, thus further improving the maintenance of the module according to the invention.

[0021] In a further embodiment of the invention, the module can have at least one detachable electrical coupling. The at least one detachable electrical coupling can be designed as a quick-action coupling. Electrical couplings are described in international and national standards, such as the CEE standard or the VDE standard. It is conceivable that a CEE coupling for 230 volts described in the CEE standard is used. Alternatively, it is conceivable that one or more terminals are used to represent the at least one detachable electrical coupling. In electrical engineering, a terminal is used for the detachable connection or connection of wires, cores, and lines. When clamped, a permanent, secure contact must be guaranteed. This is achieved by mechanically fixing the connected conductors in a conductive body.The at least one detachable electrical coupling can be used, for example, to supply electrical power to the compressor or to electrically connect a sensor to a controller. Since the at least one detachable electrical coupling is designed as a quick-release coupling, the conductive connection to the electrical component can be severed without damaging or destroying the components, thus further improving the maintenance of the module according to the invention.

[0022] The structural unit according to the invention for a stationary heat pump system can have at least one fourth heat exchanger and at least one module, for example in the first embodiment according to the invention. The at least one fourth heat exchanger is a direct heat exchanger. With a direct heat exchanger, for example, heat can be transferred directly from the air to a coolant. The at least one fourth heat exchanger can, for example, have flat tubes arranged one above the other with fins in between. The fins can increase the area available for heat exchange. The fourth heat exchanger can, for example, have an aluminum alloy and be brazed. The at least one fourth heat exchanger is a possible heat source for the at least one module. For example, heat can be transferred from the air to the coolant in the at least one fourth heat exchanger.The structural unit according to the invention, together with the at least one module, can have a coolant flowing through it. The at least one fourth heat exchanger can be operated as a direct evaporator for most of its operating time, by evaporating the coolant in the air. At low ambient temperatures, icing can occur on the fourth heat exchanger. The ice reduces the performance of the fourth heat exchanger. To remove the ice, the at least one fourth heat exchanger can be operated as a direct condenser. The coolant can be liquefied on the ice, and the ice can be removed using the heat thus generated. The structural unit according to the invention can have a housing. In a first embodiment according to the invention, the structural unit can have a fourth heat exchanger and one module. In a second embodiment according to the invention, the structural unit can have two fourth heat exchangers and two modules.It is also conceivable that in further exemplary embodiments a different number of fourth heat exchangers and a different number of modules are used. By using more than one fourth heat exchanger and / or more than one module, the assembly can advantageously be adapted, for example, to the different heat requirements of buildings of different sizes. By using more than one fourth heat exchanger and more than one module, the reliability is also increased. This is because the components are present in multiples and are therefore redundant. A complete failure of the assembly in the event of a single component failing can thus advantageously be avoided.

[0023] In a further embodiment of the invention, the structural unit can have at least one connector for establishing a fluid-tight connection to an external heat source. Wherein the at least one connector is designed to be detachable. It is conceivable for the structural unit to have at least two detachable connectors for connecting the inlet line and the outlet line of at least one further external heat source. The further external heat source can be arranged outside the structural unit. The external heat source can be, for example, a borehole in the ground. It is conceivable that the heat from the earth or groundwater can be transferred via brine. In this way, for example, heat from the air and the earth can advantageously be used as heat sources for the structural unit. It is possible for a quick-action coupling to be used as the connector.Alternatively, a connector can be screwed together and sealed with a bi-material seal. A narrow sealing disc with a connected rubber lip could be used as a bi-material seal.

[0024] In a further embodiment of the invention, the assembly can have at least one holder for the at least one module. The holder of the at least one module can be connected to the holder of the assembly. For example, by a force-locking connection using a clamp connection. In this way, a compact design of the assembly can be achieved, and the at least one module can be separated from the assembly without damage or destruction. In this way, maintenance of the assembly can be further simplified.

[0025] In a further embodiment of the invention, the assembly can include a control unit for the stationary heat pump system. This allows for a compact, one-piece design. Furthermore, this can facilitate the assembly of the heat pump system.

[0026] In a first use according to the invention, a heating system can have at least one structural unit according to the invention and at least one module according to the invention. The heating system can be used, for example, to supply heat to a building having several apartments. It is conceivable that one module is arranged within each apartment. This module can be regarded as a heat consumer for the at least one structural unit. An apartment can be supplied with heat via the module and thus, for example, replace a gas-fired central heating system. By using more than one structural unit and more than one module, the heating system can advantageously be adapted, for example, to the heat requirements of a building and the number of apartments.

[0027] In a second use according to the invention, an air conditioning system can have at least one structural unit according to the invention and at least one module according to the invention. With the air conditioning system, for example, heat can be extracted from a building which has several apartments and the building can thus be cooled. It is conceivable that one module is arranged within each apartment. This module can be regarded as a heat source for which at least one structural unit. Heat can be extracted from an apartment via the module and an air conditioning unit can thus be replaced. By using more than one structural unit and more than one module, the air conditioning system can advantageously be adapted, for example, to the cooling requirements of a building and the number of apartments.

[0028] In a further use according to the invention, a heating system can have at least one structural unit and at least one module. The at least one structural unit and the at least one module can be arranged in the enclosed space of a building. In many inner cities, the necessary space between the individual buildings is insufficient to use a direct heat exchanger arranged outside the building as a heat source for a heat pump system. Furthermore, the legally prescribed distance between the installation location of a heat pump system or a direct heat exchanger and an outbuilding is often not present. By arranging the at least one structural unit in the enclosed space of a building, the building can be supplied with heat by a heat pump system and, for example, can advantageously replace an oil heating system. This is made possible by the compact design of the assembly.Since the disruptive NVH behavior of the modules / assembly and thus of the heat pump system can be at least reduced, acceptance of such a solution among residents and neighbors can be increased. A geothermal borehole, for example, could be used as an additional heat source for the assembly.

[0029] In a further use according to the invention, an air conditioning system can have at least one structural unit and at least one module. The at least one structural unit and the at least one module can be arranged in the enclosed space of a building. In many inner cities, the necessary space between the individual buildings is lacking to use an external heat exchanger for a heat pump system. By arranging the at least one structural unit in the enclosed space of a building, heat can be extracted from a building by a heat pump system and, for example, an air conditioning system can be advantageously replaced. This is made possible by the compact design of the assembly. Since disruptive NVH behavior of the modules / structural unit and thus of the heat pump system can at least be reduced, the acceptance of residents and neighbors for such a solution can be increased. Drawing: Fig. 1.1 Top view of a module in a first embodiment according to the invention Fig. 1.2 Top view of a module in a second embodiment according to the invention with holder Fig. 1.3 Top view of a module in a third embodiment according to the invention Fig. 1.4 Top view of a module in a fourth embodiment according to the invention Fig. 2.1 Schematic diagram of an assembly in a first embodiment according to the invention with a module and a fourth heat exchanger Fig. 2.2 Schematic diagram of an assembly in a second embodiment according to the invention with two modules and two fourth heat exchangers Fig. 3 Exploded view of a detachable connection

[0030] Shown in Fig. 1 four plan views of the module M in four embodiments according to the invention. The module M has a first heat exchanger W1, an expansion valve EV, a collector S, a sensor SO and a compressor KP. The first heat exchanger W1 consists of plates P arranged next to one another. It is possible for the plates P to be made of an aluminum alloy and to be soldered together. A refrigerant flows through the module M. For example, propane (R290) could be used as the refrigerant. Carbon dioxide (R744) or R410A are also conceivable. The first heat exchanger W1 is an indirect condenser. Heat is supplied to a heat consumer (not shown) via the first heat exchanger W1 via a circuit (not shown). The heat dissipation circuit (not shown) is connected to the first heat exchanger W1 via the two connections AWV. The module M has the mounting plate MP.The first heat exchanger W1 is materially connected to the mounting plate MP. The receiver S is materially connected to the mounting plate MP. The receiver S serves to increase the efficiency of the module under different ambient conditions by storing refrigerant in the receiver and releasing it again when needed. The expansion valve EV is also located in the mounting plate MP. The refrigerant is expanded in the expansion valve EV. The mounting plate MP has the necessary channels for guiding the refrigerant. Brazing, for example, could be used as a materially bonded connection method. The compressor KP is connected to the mounting plate MP with three screw connections. The three screw connections each have an elastic damper such as a rubber buffer. This advantageously decouples the compressor KP from the module M in terms of vibration.The transmission of vibrations generated by the compressor KP into the module M can thus be at least reduced or prevented. The refrigerant is compressed in the compressor KP. The compressor KP is fluidly connected to the first heat exchanger W1 and the mounting plate MP via lines L. The sensor SO is located on the mounting plate MP. The sensor SO can be, for example, a temperature sensor or a pressure sensor.

[0031] In Fig. Figure 1.1 shows the module M in a first embodiment according to the invention. The mounting plate MP has two connections AWQ for connecting a heat source (not shown). The heat source (not shown) can, for example, be a direct evaporator, where the refrigerant is evaporated by absorbing heat from the air.

[0032] Shown in Fig. 1.2 The module M in a second embodiment according to the invention. The module M has the holder H. With the help of the holder H, the module M can be attached to a housing (not shown). The mounting plate MP, the first heat exchanger W1, and the collector S are integrally connected to the holder H. The mounting plate MP has two connections AWQ for connecting a heat source (not shown). The heat source (not shown) can be, for example, a direct evaporator, where the refrigerant is evaporated by absorbing heat from the air.

[0033] In Fig. 1.3 shows the module in a third embodiment according to the invention. The module M has a second heat exchanger W2. The second heat exchanger W2 consists of plates P arranged side by side. It is possible for the plates P to be made of an aluminum alloy and to be soldered together. The second heat exchanger W2 is integrally connected to the mounting plate MP, and the channels for the fluidic connection of the second heat exchanger W2 to the first heat exchanger W1 and / or the collector S also run in the mounting plate MP. The second heat exchanger W2 has two connections AWQ for connecting a heat source (not shown). The heat source (not shown) can, for example, be a direct evaporator where the refrigerant is evaporated by absorbing heat from the air. The second heat exchanger W2 is an internal heat exchanger.In the second (inner) heat exchanger W2, the refrigerant can be additionally superheated or subcooled.

[0034] Shown in Fig. 1.4 the module M in a fourth embodiment according to the invention. The module M has a second heat exchanger W2 and a third heat exchanger W3. The second heat exchanger W2 and the third heat exchanger W3 each consist of plates P arranged next to one another. It is possible for the plates P to be made of an aluminum alloy and to be soldered together. The second heat exchanger W2 and the third heat exchanger W3 are integrally connected to the mounting plate MP. The channels for the fluidic connection of the second heat exchanger W2 and the third heat exchanger W3 with the remaining components, such as the first heat exchanger W1 of the module M, also run in the mounting plate MP. The second heat exchanger W2 is an internal heat exchanger. In the second (internal) heat exchanger W2, the refrigerant can be additionally superheated or subcooled.The third heat exchanger W3 is an indirect evaporator and has two connections AWQ for connecting a heat source (not shown). The heat source (not shown) could be, for example, a geothermal borehole. It is possible that heat is transferred from the earth to a brine, and in the third heat exchanger, this heat is transferred from the brine to the refrigerant.

[0035] Shown in Fig. 2 shows two schematic diagrams of an assembly B in a first embodiment according to the invention and in a second embodiment according to the invention. The assembly B has at least one fourth heat exchanger W4. The at least one fourth heat exchanger W4 is formed from flat tubes FR arranged one above the other with two lateral headers. The fins RI are arranged between the flat tubes FR. The at least one fourth heat exchanger can, for example, comprise an aluminum alloy and be brazed. The at least one fourth heat exchanger W4 is a direct heat exchanger. The at least one fourth heat exchanger can be operated as a direct evaporator by transferring heat from the air to a refrigerant. In this way, the at least one fourth heat exchanger W4 can represent a heat source. It is possible that the at least one fourth heat exchanger W4 will ice up during operation at low ambient temperatures.This ice reduces the performance of the at least one fourth heat exchanger W4. To remove the ice, the at least one fourth heat exchanger W4 can be operated as a direct condenser by liquefying a refrigerant on the ice and melting the ice due to the resulting heat. The assembly B has at least one module M. The at least one fourth heat exchanger W4 is connected to the at least one module M via two assembly lines BL. The two assembly lines BL each have at least one detachable connector VWQ. The at least one module M has a compressor KP and an expansion valve EP.

[0036] In Fig. 2.1 shows assembly B in a first embodiment according to the invention. Assembly B has a fourth heat exchanger W4 and a module M in the first embodiment. Module M has a first heat exchanger W1. The first heat exchanger W1 is an indirect condenser. The fourth heat exchanger is connected to module M via the two detachable connectors VWQ. The first heat exchanger W1 of module M is connected to a heat consumer (not shown) via two lines. The two lines each have a detachable connector VWV, and assembly B thus has two detachable connectors VWV. The four detachable connectors VWQ, VWV make it possible to replace module M advantageously without the use of material separation processes.

[0037] In Fig. 2.1 shows assembly B in a second embodiment according to the invention. Assembly B has two fourth heat exchangers W4 and two modules M in the third embodiment. The two modules M each have a first heat exchanger W1 and a second heat exchanger W2. The first heat exchanger W1 is an indirect condenser and the second heat exchanger W2 is an internal heat exchanger. The two fourth heat exchangers are each connected to the second heat exchanger W2 of the two modules M via four detachable connectors VWQ. The first heat exchanger W1 of each of the two modules M is connected to a heat consumer (not shown) via two lines. The two lines each have a detachable connector VWV, and assembly B thus has four detachable connectors VWV. The eight detachable connectors VWQ, VWV make it possible to advantageously replace module M without the use of material-separating processes.

[0038] Shown in Fig. Figure 3 is an exploded view of a detachable connector (VWQ, VWV). The detachable connector (VWQ, VWV) is connected to the module (not shown) by means of a screw connection and is sealed with a bimaterial seal. A slim sealing disc consisting of a metal ring and a vulcanized rubber lip can be used as a bimaterial seal, for example. List of reference symbols M inventive module B Assembly according to the invention comprising at least one module W1, W2, heat exchangers, each with plates (indirect W3 heat exchanger) W4 fourth heat exchanger, which has flat tubes and fins (direct heat exchanger) S collector arranged in the module according to the invention EV expansion valve arranged in the module according to the invention KP compressor arranged in the module according to the invention VWQ detachable connector to a heat source VWV detachable connector to a heat consumer AWQ connection for a heat source AMV connection for a heat consumer P Plate of a first, second or third heat exchanger MP mounting plate for heat exchanger and expansion valve L Line for connecting the compressor to a heat exchanger BL line for connecting the module according to the invention with the fourth heat exchanger H Holder SO sensor arranged in the module according to the invention FR flat tube of the fourth heat exchanger R fin between the flat tubes of the fourth heat exchanger HB holder in the assembly according to the invention for a module QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 100 58 708 A1

[0002]

Claims

[1] Module (M) for a stationary heat pump system comprising: - at least one heat exchanger (W1, W2, W3), - wherein the at least one heat exchanger (W1, W2, W3) comprises interconnected plates arranged one above the other or next to each other, characterized by that the module (M) has at least one connector (VWQ, VWV) for producing a fluid-tight connection of the module (M) to at least one heat source and / or at least one heat consumer, wherein the module (M) has a compressor (KP) and an expansion valve (EV). [2] Module (M) according to claim 1, characterized by that at least one connector (VWQ, VWV) is designed to be detachable. [3] Module (M) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the compressor (KP) is attached to the module (M). [4] Module (M) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the module (M) is decoupled from the vibrations of the compressor (KP). [5] Module (M) according to claim 3 or 4 characterized by that the at least one heat exchanger (W1, W2, W3) is connected to the module (M) in a materially or force-fitting manner. [6] Module (M) according to claim 5, characterized by that the module (M) has at least one first heat exchanger (W1), wherein the at least one first heat exchanger (W1) is an indirect condenser. [7] Module (M) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by that the module (M) has at least a second internal heat exchanger (W2). [8] Module (M) according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized by that the module (M) has at least one third heat exchanger (W3), wherein the at least one third heat exchanger (W3) is an indirect evaporator. [9] Module (M) according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized by that the module (M) has at least one fourth heat exchanger (W4), wherein the at least one fourth heat exchanger (W4) is a heat exchanger. [10] Module (M) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the module (M) has a collector (S) and / or at least one holder (H). [11] Module (M) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the module (M) has at least one sensor (SO). [12] Module (M) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the module (M) has a control for the stationary heat pump system and / or the module (M). [13] Assembly (B) for a stationary heat pump system comprising at least one fourth heat exchanger (W4) and at least one module (M) according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the at least one fourth heat exchanger (W4) is a direct heat exchanger. [14] Assembly (B) according to claim 13, characterized bythat the structural unit (B) has at least one connector (VWQ) for establishing a fluid-tight connection with an external heat source, wherein the at least one connector (VWQ) is designed to be detachable. [15] Assembly (B) according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by that the structural unit (B) has at least one holder (HB) for the at least one module (M). [16] Assembly (B) according to claim 13, 14 or 15, characterized by that the structural unit (B) has a control system for the stationary heat pump system. [17] Heating system or air conditioning system comprising at least one structural unit (B) according to at least one of claims 13 to 16 and at least one module (M) according to at least one of claims 1 to 12.

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