Acoustic output device

Abstract

Acoustic output device, comprehensive: a bone conduction loudspeaker configured to generate bone conduction sound waves; an air conduction loudspeaker comprising a diaphragm, wherein the air conduction loudspeaker is configured to generate air conduction sound waves by vibrating the diaphragm, where the air conduction loudspeaker is independent of the bone conduction loudspeaker; at least one enclosure configured to house the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker; where the angle between the direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker and the direction of vibration of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker is 70° to 115°, Bone conduction sound waves have medium to high frequencies, while air conduction sound waves have low to medium frequencies.

Description

Cross-reference

[0001] The present application claims priority from the Chinese patent application number 202010247338.2 filed on March 31, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical field

[0002] The present description relates generally to an acoustic output device, in particular an acoustic output device that uses both bone conduction and air conduction to transmit audio signals to the user. State of the art

[0003] Portable audio output devices (such as earphones) are increasingly popular today. Open-back binaural audio output devices (such as bone conduction speakers) are portable audio devices that can transmit sound to the user. However, bone conduction speakers exhibit suboptimal performance in the low to high frequency range and generate strong vibrations, negatively impacting the user experience, particularly comfort. Therefore, it is desirable to develop an audio output device that improves the user's audio experience across the low to high frequency range. Disclosure of the invention

[0004] One aspect of the present description provides an acoustic output device. The acoustic output device may include a bone conduction loudspeaker configured to generate bone conduction sound waves; an air conduction loudspeaker configured to generate air conduction sound waves, the air conduction loudspeaker operating independently of the bone conduction loudspeaker; and at least one enclosure configured to house the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker.

[0005] In some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker is provided to include a vibration assembly, wherein the vibration assembly comprises: a magnetic circuit system configured to generate a magnetic field; a vibration plate connected to the at least one housing; and one or more coils connected to the vibration plate, wherein the one or more coils vibrate within the magnetic field and cause the vibration plate to vibrate in order to generate the bone conduction sound waves.

[0006] In some embodiments, the air conduction loudspeaker comprises a driver and a diaphragm, wherein the driver causes the diaphragm to vibrate in order to generate the air conduction sound waves.

[0007] In some embodiments, the air conduction loudspeaker is arranged next to the bone conduction loudspeaker.

[0008] In some embodiments, the at least one housing comprises a first housing and a second housing, with the bone conduction loudspeaker housed in the first housing and the air conduction loudspeaker housed in the second housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, it is provided that a direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker is defined as a first direction and a direction of vibration of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker is defined as a second direction, with the first direction being parallel to the second direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the distance between the air conduction loudspeaker and a listening position is smaller than the distance between the bone conduction loudspeaker and the listening position.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second housing includes a sound hole facing the listening position.

[0012] In some embodiments, the air conduction loudspeaker and the bone conduction loudspeaker are arranged in a stacked configuration.

[0013] In some embodiments, the direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker and the direction of vibration of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker are the same.

[0014] In some embodiments, the at least one housing includes a third housing in which the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker are housed.

[0015] In some embodiments, the third housing includes a housing wall configured to transmit bone conduction sound waves to the outside.

[0016] In some embodiments, the third housing includes a sound hole facing the listening position.

[0017] In some embodiments, the air conduction loudspeaker and the bone conduction loudspeaker are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0018] In some embodiments, the direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker is defined as a third direction and the direction of vibration of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker is defined as a fourth direction, the third direction being essentially perpendicular to the fourth direction.

[0019] In some embodiments, the at least one housing includes a fourth housing in which the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker are housed.

[0020] In some embodiments, it is provided that the bone conduction sound waves have medium to high frequencies and the air conduction sound waves have low to medium frequencies.

[0021] In some embodiments, it is provided that the bone conduction sound waves have low to medium frequencies and the air conduction sound waves have medium to high frequencies.

[0022] In some embodiments, it is provided that the air conduction sound waves have low to medium frequencies and the bone conduction sound waves have frequencies in a wider frequency range than the air conduction sound waves.

[0023] In some embodiments, it is provided that the bone conduction sound waves have low to medium frequencies and the air conduction sound waves have frequencies in a wider frequency range than the bone conduction sound waves.

[0024] In some embodiments, it is provided that the air conduction sound waves have medium to high frequencies and the bone conduction sound waves have frequencies in a wider frequency range than the air conduction sound waves.

[0025] In some embodiments, it is provided that the bone conduction sound waves have medium to high frequencies and the air conduction sound waves have frequencies in a wider frequency range than the bone conduction sound waves.

[0026] Some additional specifications of the present description can be explained in the following description. By examining the following description and the respective accompanying drawings, or by being familiar with the manufacture or operation of the exemplary embodiments, some additional specifications of the present description will be clear to those skilled in the field. The features of the present description can be realized and achieved by the practical application or use of the methods, means, and combinations of respective aspects of the detailed exemplary embodiments described below. Brief description of the characters

[0027] The present description is further elaborated by means of exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments are described in more detail with reference to the figures. The drawings are not to scale. Such embodiments are non-limiting examples, in which the same reference numerals represent similar structures. These show: Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary acoustic system according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. 2A and Fig. Figures 2B each show a schematic representation of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 3A shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 3B shows a schematic representation of another exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a resonance system according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 5A shows a schematic representation of an exemplary bone conduction loudspeaker according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 5B shows a schematic representation of an exemplary air-conducting loudspeaker according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. 9 and Fig. Figures 10 each show a schematic representation of the loss frequency response curves of the acoustic output device 600 according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 11 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. 13 and Fig. Figures 14 each show a schematic representation of the loss frequency response curves of the acoustic output device 1100 according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 15 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. Figure 16 shows a schematic representation of the loss frequency response curves of the acoustic output device 1500 according to some embodiments of the present description; Fig. 17, Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 20 to Fig. Figures 21 each show a schematic representation of the frequency response characteristics of the acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description; and Fig. Figure 22 shows a schematic representation of a vibration displacement spectrum of the bone conduction loudspeaker according to some embodiments of the present description. Detailed designs

[0028] The following description is intended to enable the average person skilled in this field to execute and use the present description, and it is provided within a specific application scenario and the required environment. It is, of course, possible for the average person skilled in this field to make various modifications to the disclosed embodiments. The general principles defined in this description can be applied to other embodiments and application scenarios without deviating from the principle and scope of this description. Therefore, this description is not limited to the described embodiments but is intended to have the broadest possible scope consistent with the claims.

[0029] The terms used in this description serve only to describe specific exemplary embodiments and are not limiting. For example, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" used in this description may also include the plural forms unless explicitly stated otherwise in the context. Furthermore, it is understood that the terms "comprise" and / or "include" or "contain" and / or "include," when used in this description, indicate the presence of the described features, integers, controls, elements, and / or assemblies, without, however, excluding the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, controls, elements, assemblies, and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] It is understood that the terms "system," "engine," "unit," "module," and / or "block" serve to distinguish between different assemblies, elements, components, parts, or assemblies of varying levels. However, if the same purpose can be achieved, these terms may be replaced by other expressions.

[0031] The terms "module," "unit," or "block" as used herein usually refer to logic of hardware or firmware, or to a set of software instructions. The module, unit, or block described herein may be implemented as software and / or hardware and may be stored on any type of non-temporary, machine-readable media or other storage device. In some embodiments, the module / unit / block of software may be compiled and associated with an executable program. It is understood that the module of software may be called from another module / unit / block, or from itself, and / or in response to a detected event or interruption. The module / unit / block of software intended for execution in a processing device (for example, the one described in Fig. The software code (as depicted in the 220 processor shown) can be provided on a computer-readable medium, such as an optical disc, an optical digital video disc, a flash drive, a magnetic disk, or any other physical medium. Alternatively, it can be downloaded digitally (and it can be stored in a compressed or installable format, requiring installation, decompression, or decryption before execution). Such software code can be stored partially or completely on a storage device for execution by a processing device. The software instructions can be incorporated into firmware, such as an EPROM.It is understood that the module / unit / block of hardware may be enclosed in an associated logical assembly, such as a gate and a trigger, and / or may include a programmable unit, such as a programmable gate array or a processor. The module / unit / block or processing device described herein may function as a software module / unit / block but be represented by hardware or firmware. Typically, the module / unit / block described herein refers to a logical module / logical unit / logical block, which may be combined with another module / unit / block or subdivided into submodules / units / blocks, although these are physical organizations or storage devices. The description may be suitable for a system, an engine, or a part thereof.

[0032] It is understood that a unit, engine, module, or block may be directly on top of, connected to, coupled with, or in communication with another unit, engine, module, or block, or that an intervening unit, engine, module, or block may be present, unless explicitly stated otherwise in the context. In this description, the term "and / or" may include one or more of the related elements listed above, or combinations thereof.

[0033] To clarify the technical solutions of the embodiments described in this document, the drawings required for illustrating these embodiments are briefly presented below. Obviously, the drawings described below represent only a few examples or embodiments of the present description. Based on these drawings, those skilled in the art in this field can apply the present description to other similar scenarios without inventive step. Unless otherwise indicated by the context or specified, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structures and operations.

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments described in this description are explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Naturally, the described embodiments are neither exhaustive nor limiting. Other embodiments that could be obtained by a person skilled in the art in this field from the embodiments in this description without inventive steps are also within the scope of this description.

[0035] One aspect of this description relates to an acoustic output device. The acoustic output device may include a bone conduction loudspeaker (also called a vibration loudspeaker), an air conduction loudspeaker, and at least one enclosure configured to house the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker. The air conduction loudspeaker operates independently of the bone conduction loudspeaker. Different spatial arrangements and / or frequency distributions may be provided for the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker to enhance the acoustic experience for a user of the acoustic output device at low frequencies and to reduce sound loss from the acoustic output device.

[0036] Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary acoustic system according to some embodiments described in this document. The acoustic system 100 can comprise a multimedia platform 110, a network 120, an acoustic output device 130, a terminal device 140, and a storage device 150.

[0037] The multimedia platform 110 can communicate with one or more modules or external data sources (such as a cloud data center) of the acoustic system 100. In some embodiments, the multimedia platform 110 can supply data or signals, such as audio data of a piece of music, to the acoustic output device 130 and / or the user terminal 140. In some embodiments, the multimedia platform 110 can contribute to the data / signal processing of the acoustic output device 130 and / or the user terminal 140. In some embodiments, the multimedia platform 110 can be run on a single server or a group of servers. The server group can be a centralized server group connected to the network 120 via an access point, or a distributed server group, each connected to the network 120 via one or more access points.In some embodiments, the multimedia platform 110 can be connected to the network 120 either locally or remotely. For example, the multimedia platform 110 can access information and / or data stored in the acoustic output device 130, the user terminal 140, and / or the storage device 150 via the network 120. The storage device 150 can also serve as the backend data storage for the multimedia platform 110. In some embodiments, the multimedia platform 110 can run on a cloud platform. By way of example only, the cloud platform can include: private clouds, public clouds, hybrid clouds, community clouds, distributed clouds, internal clouds, multi-clouds, or any combination thereof.

[0038] In some embodiments, the multimedia platform 110 may include a processing device 112. The processing device 112 can perform the essential functions of the multimedia platform 110. For example, the processing device 112 can retrieve audio data from the storage device 150 and transmit the retrieved audio data to the acoustic output device 130 and / or the user terminal 140 to generate sound. The processing device 112 can also, for example, process signals for the acoustic output device 130, such as generating bone conduction control signals.

[0039] In some embodiments, the processing device 112 may comprise one or more processing units, for example, a single-core processing device or a multi-core processing device. By way of example only, the processing device 112 may comprise: a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application-specific instruction set processor (ASIP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a physical processing unit (PPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), a controller, a microcontroller unit, a reduced instruction set computer (RISC), a microprocessor, or the like, or any combination thereof.

[0040] The network 120 can facilitate the exchange of information and / or data. In some embodiments, one or more components of the acoustic system 100, such as the multimedia platform 110, the acoustic output device 130, the user terminal 140, or the storage device 150, can send information and / or data via the network 120 to another component of the acoustic system 100. In some embodiments, the network 120 can be any type of wired or wireless network, or a combination thereof.By way of example only, the network 120 can include: cable network, wired network, fiber optic network, telecommunications network, intranet, internet, local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), metropolitan area network (MAN), public switched telephone network (PSTN), Bluetooth network, ZigBee network, near field communication (NFC) network, or the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the network 120 can include one or more network access points. For example, the network 120 can include a wired or wireless network access point, such as a base station and / or an internet exchange point, through which one or more components of the acoustic system 100 can be connected to the network 120 to exchange data and / or information.

[0041] The acoustic output device 130 can output sound to the user and enable user interaction. On the one hand, the acoustic output device 130 can provide the user with at least some audio content, such as songs, poems, news broadcasts, weather reports, audio courses, or the like. On the other hand, the user can provide feedback to the acoustic output device 130, such as by pressing a button, touching a screen, performing body actions, speaking, gesturing, thinking, or the like. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 130 may be a portable device. Unless otherwise specified, the portable device used herein may be an earphone or other type of personal device, such as head-worn, shoulder-worn, or body-worn devices.The wearable device can display audio content to the user, whether or not it is in contact with the user. In some embodiments, the wearable device may include: smart earbuds, smart glasses, head-mounted display (HMD), smart bracelet, smart shoes, smart glasses, smart helmet, smart watch, smart clothing, smart backpack, smart accessory, virtual reality helmet, virtual reality glasses, virtual reality patch, augmented reality helmet, augmented reality glasses, augmented reality patch, or any combination thereof. Examples of wearable devices include Google Glass™, Oculus Rift™, HoloLens™, Gear VR™, and similar devices.

[0042] The acoustic output device 130 can communicate with the user terminal 140 via the network 120. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 130 can receive various types of data and / or information, including: motion parameters (such as geographical position, direction of movement, speed of movement, acceleration, etc.), speech parameters (volume of speech, content of speech, etc.), gestures (such as handshakes, head shakes, etc.), user thoughts, etc. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 130 can further transmit the received data and / or information to the multimedia platform 110 or the user terminal 140.

[0043] In some embodiments, the user terminal 140 can be customized, for example, by means of an application installed on it to communicate with the acoustic output device 130 and / or to implement data / signal processing. The user terminal 140 can include: a mobile device 130-1, a tablet 130-2, a laptop 130-3, an in-vehicle integrated device 130-4, etc., or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the mobile device 130-1 can include: a smart home appliance, a smart mobile device, or similar device, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the smart home appliance can include: a smart lighting device, a control unit for a smart electrical appliance, a smart surveillance device, a smart television, a smart camera, a two-way radio, etc., or any combination thereof.In some embodiments, the intelligent mobile device may include: a smartphone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a gaming device, a navigation device, a point of sale (POS), etc., or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the in-vehicle integrated device 130-4 may include: an integrated computer, an integrated on-board television, an integrated tablet, etc. In some embodiments, the user terminal 140 may include: a signal transmitter and a signal receiver configured to communicate with a positioning device (not shown in the figures) and to position the user and / or the user terminal 140. In some embodiments, the multimedia platform 110 or the storage device 150 may be integrated into the user terminal 140.In this case, the function that can be fulfilled by the above multimedia platform 110 can similarly be fulfilled by the user terminal device 140.

[0044] The storage device 150 can store data and / or instructions. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 can store data received from the multimedia platform 110, the acoustic output device 130, and / or the user terminal 140. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 can store data and / or instructions that enable the multimedia platform 110, the acoustic output device 130, and / or the user terminal 140 to perform various functions. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 can include: mass storage, removable storage, volatile read / write storage, read-only memory (ROM), etc., or any combination thereof. Examples of mass storage include magnetic disks, optical disks, solid-state drives, etc. Examples of removable storage include flash drives, floppy disks, optical disks, memory cards, compact discs, magnetic tape, etc.Examples of volatile read and write memories include random-access memory (RAM). Examples of RAM include: dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic double-data-rate random-access memory (DDRSDRAM), static random-access memory (SRAM), thyristor random-access memory (T-RAM), and zero-capacitor random-access memory (Z-RAM), etc. Examples of ROMs include: mask ROM (MROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), compact disc ROM (CD-ROM), and digital versatile disc ROM, etc. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 can be implemented on a cloud platform. For example, the cloud platform can include: private clouds, public clouds, hybrid clouds, community clouds, distributed clouds, internal clouds, multi-clouds or the like, or any combination thereof.In some embodiments, one or more assemblies of the acoustic system 100 can access the data or instructions stored in the storage device 150 via the network 120. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 can be directly connected to the multimedia platform 110 as backend storage.

[0045] In some embodiments, the multimedia platform 110, the terminal device 140, and / or the storage device 150 can be integrated into the acoustic output device 130. Specifically, with technological advancements and increased processing power, all processing can be performed by the acoustic output device 130. For example, the acoustic output device 130 can be a smart earphone, MP3 player, hearing aid, etc., and it incorporates highly integrated electronic components, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), etc., and thus exhibits high processing power.

[0046] Fig. 2A and Fig. Figures 2B each show a schematic representation of an exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present description. Fig. Figure 2A shows an oblique view of the acoustic output device 130. Fig. Figure 2B shows an exploded view of the acoustic output device 130. The acoustic output device 130 can be used in conjunction with Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B will be described.

[0047] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 130 can comprise an ear hook 10, an earphone core housing 20, a circuit housing 30, a rear hook 40, an earphone core 50, a control circuit 60, and a battery 70. The earphone core housing 20 and the circuit housing 30 can each be arranged at either end of the ear hook 10, and the rear hook 40 can be arranged further away from the ear hook 10 at one end of the circuit housing 30. The earphone core housing 20 can accommodate different earphone cores 50. The circuit housing 30 can accommodate the control circuit 60 and the battery 70. Both ends of the rear hook 40 can be connected to the respective circuit housings 30.The ear hook 10 can be such a structure that is configured to suspend the acoustic output device 130 on the user's ear and to secure the earphone core housing 20 and the earphone core 50 in predetermined positions relative to the user's ear when the user is wearing the acoustic output device 130.

[0048] In some embodiments, the ear hook 10 can comprise an elastic metal wire. The elastic metal wire can be configured so that the ear hook 10 maintains a shape that fits the user's ear and exhibits a degree of elasticity, allowing for some elastic deformation when the user wears the acoustic output device 130, depending on the user's ear and head shapes, thus adapting to users with different ear and head shapes. In some embodiments, the elastic metal wire can be made of a shape-memory alloy with good shape recovery. Even if the ear hook 10 is deformed by an external force, it can return to its original shape after the external force is removed, thereby extending the service life of the acoustic output device 130. In some embodiments, the elastic wire can be made of a non-shape-memory alloy.The elastic metal wire can incorporate a connecting wire to establish an electrical connection between the earphone core 50 and other components, such as the control circuit 60, the battery 70, and the like, thus facilitating the supply of power and data transmission to the earphone core 50. In some embodiments, the ear hook 10 can further comprise a protective sheath 16 and a housing guard 17 integrally formed with the protective sheath 16.

[0049] In some embodiments, the earphone core housing 20 can be configured to receive the earphone core 50. The earphone core 50 can include one or more loudspeakers. The one or more loudspeakers can include a bone conduction loudspeaker and an air conduction loudspeaker, etc. The bone conduction loudspeaker can be configured to output sound waves that conduct through solid media (e.g., bone). For example, the bone conduction loudspeaker can convert electrical signals into vibrations in the user's skull through direct contact with the user. The air conduction loudspeaker can be configured to output sound waves that conduct through air. For example, the air conduction loudspeaker can convert another electrical signal into air vibrations that can be perceived by the user's ear.It is possible to provide two earphone cores 50 and two earphone core housings 20, each of which can be assigned to the user's left and right ear, respectively. Detailed information about the earphone core 50 can be found elsewhere in this description; see, for example, [reference to relevant section]. Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig. 12, Fig. 13, Fig. 14 to Fig. 15.

[0050] In some embodiments, the ear hook 10 and the earphone core housing 20 can be molded separately and further assembled, instead of being directly molded together.

[0051] In some embodiments, the earphone core housing 20 may be provided with a contact surface 21. The contact surface 21 could be in contact with the user's skin. During operation of the acoustic output device 130, the bone conduction sound waves generated by one or more bone conduction loudspeakers of the earphone core 50 can be transmitted from the earphone core housing 20 (for example, to the user's eardrum) via the contact surface. In some embodiments, the material and thickness of the contact surface 21 can influence the propagation of the bone conduction sound waves to the user and thus the sound quality. For example, if the material of the contact surface 21 is relatively soft, the propagation of the bone conduction sound waves in the low-frequency range could be better than the propagation of the bone conduction sound waves in the high-frequency range.If, on the other hand, the material of the contact surface 21 is relatively hard, the propagation of bone conduction sound waves in the high-frequency range could be better than the propagation of bone conduction sound waves in the low-frequency range.

[0052] Fig. Figure 3A shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments described in this document. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 3A, an acoustic output device 300 can comprise a signal processing module 310 and an output module 320. The signal processing module 310 can receive electrical signals from a signal source and process the electrical signals. In some embodiments, the electrical signals can be analog or digital signals. For example, the electrical signals can be digital signals received from the multimedia platform 110, the terminal device 140, the storage device 150, or the like.

[0053] The Signal Processing Module 310 can process electrical signals. For example, the Signal Processing Module 310 can process electrical signals by performing various signal processing operations (such as sampling, digitization, compression, frequency distribution, frequency modulation, encoding, or a combination thereof). The Signal Processing Module 310 can further generate control signals based on the processed electrical signals.

[0054] The output module 320 can generate and output bone conduction sound waves (also known as bone-conducting sound) and / or air conduction sound waves (also known as air-conducting sound). The output module 320 can receive control signals from the signal processing module 310 and generate bone conduction sound waves and / or air conduction sound waves based on these control signals. As described herein, bone conduction sound waves refer to sound waves that travel through solid media (such as bone) in the form of mechanical vibration. Air conduction sound waves refer to sound waves that travel through air in the form of mechanical vibration.

[0055] For the purpose of description, the output module 320 can include a bone conduction loudspeaker 321 (also called a vibration loudspeaker) and an air conduction loudspeaker 322. The bone conduction loudspeaker 321 and the air conduction loudspeaker 322 can be electrically coupled to the signal processing module 310. The bone conduction loudspeaker 321 can generate bone conduction sound waves in a specific frequency range (such as a low-frequency range, a mid-frequency range, a high-frequency range, a low-to-mid-frequency range, or a mid-to-high-frequency range) based on the control signals generated by the signal processing module 310.The air conduction loudspeaker 322 can generate air conduction sound waves in the same frequency range as, or in a different frequency range than, the bone conduction loudspeaker 321, based on the control signals generated by the signal processing module 310. In some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker 321 and the air conduction loudspeaker 322 can be configured as two independent functional units or as two independent assemblies of a single unit. As described herein, a first unit is independent of a second unit. This means that the operation of the first / second unit is not caused by the operation of the second / first unit. Or, in other words, the operation of the first / second unit is not the result of the operation of the second / first unit.Using the example of bone conduction loudspeakers and air conduction loudspeakers, the air conduction loudspeaker works independently of the bone conduction loudspeaker because each of the two loudspeakers is controlled independently by an electrical signal to generate sound waves.

[0056] It is possible to define different frequency ranges according to specific needs. For example, the low-frequency range (also referred to as low frequencies) can refer to a frequency range of 20 Hz to 150 Hz. The medium-frequency range (also referred to as mid frequencies) can refer to a frequency range of 150 Hz to 5 kHz. The high-frequency range (also referred to as high frequencies) can refer to a frequency range of 5 kHz to 20 kHz. The low- to mid-frequency range (also referred to as low to mid frequencies) can refer to a frequency range of 150 Hz to 500 Hz. The medium- to high-frequency range (also referred to as mid to high frequencies) can refer to a frequency range of 500 Hz to 5 kHz. Similarly, the low-frequency range can refer to a frequency range of 20 Hz to 300 Hz.The mid-frequency range can refer to a frequency range of 300 Hz to 3 kHz. The high-frequency range can refer to a frequency range of 3 kHz to 20 kHz. The low to mid-frequency range can refer to a frequency range of 100 Hz to 1000 Hz. The mid to high-frequency range can refer to a frequency range of 1000 Hz to 10 kHz. It should be noted that the specified frequency range is for descriptive purposes only and is not a limiting factor. The definitions for the above frequency range can vary depending on different application scenarios and classification criteria. For example, in some other application scenarios, the low-frequency range might refer to a frequency range of 20 Hz to 80 Hz. The mid-frequency range might refer to a frequency range of 160 Hz to 1280 Hz.The high-frequency range can refer to a frequency range from 2560 Hz to 20 kHz. The low to mid-frequency range can refer to a frequency range from 80 Hz to 160 Hz. The mid to high-frequency range can refer to a frequency range from 1280 Hz to 2560 Hz. Optionally, different frequency ranges can have either one or no overlapping frequency.

[0057] Fig. Figure 3B shows a schematic representation of another exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments described in this document. In some embodiments, a Fig. The acoustic output device 305 shown in 3B is similar to or the same as the one in Fig. The acoustic output device 300 shown in Figure 3A may be configured as follows. However, the acoustic output device 305 may further comprise a bone conduction signal processing circuit 316 and an air conduction signal processing circuit 317. The bone conduction signal processing circuit 316 may be configured to process bone conduction signals. The air conduction signal processing circuit 317 may be configured to process air conduction signals. In some embodiments, electrical signals may include bone conduction signals and air conduction signals. As described herein, the bone conduction signals refer to electrical signals relevant to bone conduction sound waves and / or electrical signals influencing the generation and output of bone conduction sound waves.The air-conducting signals refer to electrical signals relevant to air-conducting sound waves and / or electrical signals influencing the generation and output of the air-conducting sound waves. In some embodiments, the bone-conducting signal processing circuit 316 can receive bone-conducting signals from a signal source, process the bone-conducting signals, and generate corresponding bone-conducting control signals. The bone-conducting control signals refer to signals by which the generation and output of the bone-conducting sound waves are controlled. Similarly, the air-conducting signal processing circuit 317 can receive air-conducting signals from a signal source, process the air-conducting signals, and generate corresponding air-conducting control signals. The air-conducting control signals refer to signals by which the generation and output of the air-conducting sound waves are controlled.

[0058] The output module 325 may further comprise a bone conduction loudspeaker 326 and an air conduction loudspeaker 327. The bone conduction loudspeaker 326 and the air conduction loudspeaker 327 may each be identical or similar to the bone conduction loudspeaker 321 and the air conduction loudspeaker 322 of the output module 320. Fig. 3A. This will not be repeated here. The bone conduction loudspeaker 326 can be electrically coupled to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316. The bone conduction loudspeaker 326 can generate and output bone conduction sound waves in a specific frequency range based on the bone conduction control signal generated by the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316. The air conduction loudspeaker 327 can be electrically coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 317. The bone conduction loudspeaker 327 can generate and output air conduction sound waves in the same frequency range as, or in a different frequency range than, the bone conduction loudspeaker 326 based on the air conduction control signals generated by the air conduction signal processing circuit 317.

[0059] In some embodiments, the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316 can be integrated or arranged in the same housing as the bone conduction loudspeaker 326. Similarly, the air conduction signal processing circuit 317 can be integrated or arranged in the same housing as the air conduction loudspeaker 327.

[0060] See Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B. To adjust the output characteristics (such as frequency, phase, amplitude, etc.) of the bone conduction sound waves and / or the air conduction sound waves, it is possible to further process the bone conduction control signals and / or the air conduction control signals in the signal processing module 310 or 315, so that the bone conduction sound waves and / or the air conduction sound waves can have different output characteristics. For example, the bone conduction control signals and / or the air conduction control signals can have specific frequencies. In some alternative embodiments, the structure of each assembly of at least one assembly of the output module 320 or 325 and / or the arrangement of the at least one assembly can be modified or optimized, thereby allowing the output characteristics (for example, the frequency) of the bone conduction sound waves and / or the air conduction sound waves to be adjusted.

[0061] In some embodiments, one or more filters or filter groups may be provided in the signal processing module 310 or 315 for processing the bone-conducting control signals and / or the air-conducting control signals in order to adjust the output characteristics (e.g., the frequency) of the bone-conducting sound waves and / or the air-conducting sound waves. Exemplary filters or filter groups may include, but are not limited to, analog filters, digital filters, passive filters, active filters, or the like, or a combination thereof.

[0062] In some embodiments, time-domain techniques can be provided to enhance the acoustic effects of the sound output by the output module 320 or 325. Examples of such time-domain techniques include dynamic range control (DRC), time delay, and reverb, etc.

[0063] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 300 or 305 may further include an active loss reduction module. In some embodiments, the active loss reduction module may directly output sound waves without requiring feedback from a reference (e.g., a microphone) to superimpose or cancel out leakage sound waves (i.e., the sound loss) from the acoustic output device 300 or 350. The sound waves output from the active loss reduction module have an identical amplitude and frequency to the leakage sound waves and an opposite phase relative to the leakage sound waves. In some alternative embodiments, the active loss reduction module may output sound waves according to the feedback from the reference.For example, a microphone can be placed in the sound field of the acoustic output device 300 or 350 to determine information about the sound field, such as its position, frequency, phase, amplitude, etc., and provide real-time feedback to the active loss reduction module. This allows the output sound waves to be dynamically adjusted, thereby reducing or eliminating sound loss from the acoustic output device 300 or 350. In some embodiments, the active loss reduction module can be integrated into the output module 320 or 325.

[0064] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 300 or 305 may further include a beam shaping module. The beam shaping module may be configured to shape a specific sound beam of bone conduction sound waves and / or air conduction sound waves. In some embodiments, the beam shaping module may shape a specific sound beam by controlling the amplitude and / or phase of the bone conduction sound waves and / or air conduction sound waves propagated from the output module 320 (for example, the bone conduction loudspeaker 321 and the air conduction loudspeaker 322) or the output module 325 (for example, the bone conduction loudspeaker 326 and the air conduction loudspeaker 327). The sound beam may, for example, be a fan-shaped sound beam with a specific angle.The sound beam can propagate in a specific direction to achieve the maximum sound pressure level near the human ear. Simultaneously, the sound pressure level elsewhere in the sound field can be relatively low, thus reducing the sound loss of the acoustic output device 300 or 350. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 300 or 350 can employ a 3D sound field reconstruction technique or a local sound field control technique to generate a more ideal three-dimensional sound field, allowing the user to experience a more immersive sound field. In some embodiments, the beam shaping module can also be integrated into the output module 320 or 325.

[0065] Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a resonance system according to some embodiments described in this document. In some embodiments, the influence of the structure and / or arrangement of one or more assemblies of the acoustic output device 130 on the properties of the acoustic sound emitted by the acoustic output device 130 can be modeled using a resonance system 400. In some embodiments, the resonance system 400 can be described in conjunction with a mass-spring-damper system. In some embodiments, the resonance system 400 can be described in conjunction with at least two mass-spring-damper systems connected in parallel or in series. The motion of the resonance system 400 can be expressed by formula (1): Md2xdt2+Rdxdt+Kx=F, where M represents the mass of the resonance system 400, R the damping of the resonance system 400, k the elasticity coefficient of the resonance system 400, F the driving force and x the displacement of the resonance system 400.

[0066] In some embodiments, the resonant frequency of the resonance system 400 can be obtained by solving formula (1). The resonant frequency of the resonance system 400 can be obtained according to formula (2): f0=12πKM, where f0 represents the resonance frequency of the resonance system 400.

[0067] In some embodiments, the frequency bandwidth can be determined using a half-power point. The mass factor Q of the resonance system 400 can be obtained according to formula (3): Q=MKR

[0068] If at least two resonant systems are present, the vibration characteristics (such as amplitude frequency response, phase frequency response, transient response, etc.) of each of the at least two resonant systems can be the same or different. For example, each of the at least two resonant systems can be driven by the same driving force or by different driving forces.

[0069] In some embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker 321, the air conduction loudspeaker 322, the bone conduction loudspeaker 326, or the air conduction loudspeaker 327 may be a single resonant system or a combination of at least two resonant systems. In some embodiments, the output module 320 or 325 may further comprise at least two bone conduction loudspeakers and / or at least two air conduction loudspeakers.

[0070] For bone conduction sound waves, the frequency and bandwidth can be adjusted by changing the exemplary parameters mentioned above (such as mass, damping, etc.). For example, the resonant frequency can be adjusted by increasing the mass, which decreases the elasticity coefficient (e.g., by using a spring with a low elasticity coefficient, a material with a low Young's modulus as the vibration transmission structure, or by reducing the thickness of the vibration transmission structure). In this case, the resonance system 400 (for example, the bone conduction loudspeaker) can emit vibrations in the low to mid-frequency range.For example, adjusting the resonant frequency to the mid- to high-frequency band is also possible by reducing the mass of the resonance system 400 and increasing its elasticity coefficient (using a spring with a high elasticity coefficient, a material with a high Young's modulus as the vibration transmission structure, increasing the thickness of the vibration transmission structure, and providing reinforcing ribs or other reinforcement structures on the vibration transmission structure, etc.). In this case, the resonance system 400 can output vibrations in the mid- to high-frequency range. The bandwidth of the vibrations output by the resonance system 400 can also be adjusted by changing the mass factor Q. It is also possible to provide a composite resonance system with at least two resonance systems.The resonant frequency and mass factor Q for each resonant system can be individually adjusted. The mid-frequency and bandwidth of the composite resonant system can be adjusted by connecting at least two resonant systems in series or parallel.

[0071] For airborne sound waves, the frequency and bandwidth can be adjusted similarly by changing the exemplary parameters mentioned above (such as mass, damping, etc.). In some embodiments, one or more acoustic structures can be provided to adjust the frequencies of the airborne sound waves. These acoustic structures may include, for example, a sound chamber, a sound tube, a sound hole, a pressure relief vent, a tone-regulating mesh, a tone-regulating wadding, a passive membrane, or a combination thereof. For example, the elasticity coefficient of System 400 can be adjusted by changing the volume of the sound chamber. Increasing the volume of the sound chamber will decrease the elasticity coefficient of the system.Reducing the volume of the sound chamber increases the system's coefficient of elasticity. In some embodiments, the mass and damping of System 400 can be adjusted by providing the sound tube or sound hole. The longer the sound tube or sound hole and the smaller its cross-sectional area, the greater the mass and the lower the damping. Conversely, the shorter the sound tube or sound hole and the larger its cross-sectional area, the lower the mass and the greater the damping. In some embodiments, the damping of System 400 can be adjusted by providing a sound-absorbing material (for example, an opening for tone control, a mesh for tone control, a wave-like structure for tone control, etc.) along a path for the propagation of the air-conducting sound waves.In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound waves in the low-frequency range can be amplified by providing a passive diaphragm. In some embodiments, the phase, amplitude, and / or frequency range of the air-conducted sound waves can be adjusted by providing one or more sound tubes and / or out-of-phase openings. In some other embodiments, it is possible to provide a series of air-conducting loudspeakers. It is possible to adjust the amplitude, frequency range, and phase of each air-conducting loudspeaker to create a sound field with a specific spatial distribution.

[0072] In some embodiments, the user can adjust the output characteristics of the bone conduction sound waves and / or the air conduction sound waves, for example, by configuring the amplitude, frequency, and / or phase of the control signals. In some embodiments, the output characteristics of the bone conduction sound waves and / or the air conduction sound waves can also be adjusted by the parameters of the Resonance System 400 and the control signals configured by the user.

[0073] Fig. Figure 5A shows a schematic representation of an exemplary bone conduction loudspeaker according to some embodiments described in this document. The bone conduction loudspeaker 500 may include a vibration assembly 510. The vibration assembly 510 may be enclosed by or contained within a housing 520. The vibration assembly 510 may be electrically connected to the signal processing module 310 or 315 to receive bone conduction control signals and to generate bone conduction sound waves according to the bone conduction control signals. For example, the vibration assembly 510 may be or include any element that converts electrical signals (e.g., bone conduction control signals) into mechanical vibration signals, such as a vibration motor, an electromagnetic vibration device, etc.Exemplary signal conversions may include, but are not limited to, electromagnetic (e.g., using a moving coil, a moving iron, magnetostrictive), piezoelectric, electrostatic, etc. The internal structure of the vibration assembly 510 may be configured as a single resonant system or a composite resonant system. In some embodiments, the vibration assembly 510 can be set into mechanical vibration according to the bone-conducting control signals. The mechanical vibration can generate bone-conducting sound waves.

[0074] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 5A, the vibration assembly 510 can comprise a magnetic circuit system 511, a vibration plate 512, and one or more coils 513. The magnetic circuit system 511 can be configured to generate a magnetic field. In some embodiments, the magnetic circuit system 511 can include a magnetic gap. The magnetic circuit system 511 can generate a magnetic field in the magnetic gap. The vibration plate 512 can contact the user's skin (for example, the skin of the user's head). In addition, bone conduction sound waves are transmitted to the user's cochlea when the user wears the acoustic output device 300 or 305. The vibration plate 512 can also be referred to as the bottom wall of the housing 520. As used herein in this description, a "bottom part" or a "top part" of an assembly is described in relation to the user's skin.For example, in the housing 520, the wall closest to the user's skin (e.g., a wall in contact with the skin) is referred to as the top wall or front wall, while the wall furthest from the user's skin (e.g., a wall opposite the top wall) is referred to as the bottom wall or rear wall. The one or more coils 513 can be mechanically connected to the vibration plate 512. In some embodiments, the one or more coils 513 can also be electrically connected to the signal processing module 310 or 315. In some embodiments, the one or more coils 513 can be arranged in the magnetic gap. When current is passed into the one or more coils 513, the one or more coils 513 can vibrate within the magnetic field and cause the vibration plate 512 to vibrate, generating bone conduction sound waves.

[0075] Fig. Figure 5B shows a schematic representation of an exemplary air-conduction loudspeaker according to some embodiments described in this document. In some embodiments, the air-conduction loudspeaker 550 can be a general-purpose loudspeaker that generates sound waves that propagate through the air. In other embodiments, the air-conduction loudspeaker 550 can be a specially designed loudspeaker tailored to specific requirements (e.g., output characteristics). In some embodiments, the air-conduction loudspeaker 550 can comprise a diaphragm 551 and a driver 552. The diaphragm 551 can be a thin film made of a material sensitive to a variable magnetic field. Exemplary materials for the diaphragm 551 include polyarylester (PAR), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), etc.The driver 552 can be a moving-iron driver, a moving-coil driver, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the driver 552 can receive air-conducting control signals from the signal processing module 310 or 315 (such as the air-conducting signal processing circuit 317) and cause the diaphragm 551 to vibrate according to the air-conducting control signals to generate air-conducting sound waves.

[0076] In some embodiments, the air-conduction loudspeaker 550, comprising the diaphragm 551 and the driver 552, can be housed in a casing 560. In some embodiments, the diaphragm 551 can be large enough to divide the chamber of the casing 560 into two parts, namely a front part 561 and a rear part 562, by the diaphragm 551. The front part 561 refers to the portion on the front of the diaphragm 561 (e.g., the lower part, as in Fig. 5B) and can be referred to as the “anterior chamber”. The posterior part 562 refers to the part on the posterior side of the membrane 521 (e.g., the upper part, as shown in Fig. 5b) and can be referred to as the "rear chamber".

[0077] In some embodiments, at least one sound hole (such as sound hole 570) may be provided in the wall of the front chamber of the housing 560. The sound hole may be a through-hole. The air-conduction sound waves generated in the front chamber of the housing 560 can propagate through the at least one sound hole outside the housing 560. In some embodiments, the sound hole may face the user's external auditory canal when the user is wearing the acoustic output device 300 or 305.

[0078] In some embodiments, the sound tube (not shown) can be coupled to the sound hole. In some embodiments, the air-conducted sound waves corresponding to the sound hole can enter the sound tube and propagate through the sound tube in a specific direction. This allows the sound tube to change the direction of propagation of the air-conducted sound waves.

[0079] In some embodiments, a pressure relief opening (not shown) may be provided in the wall of the rear chamber of the housing 560. The pressure relief opening may be a through-hole, thus helping to equalize the pressure between the rear chamber of the housing 560 and the external environment. Furthermore, the pressure relief opening may contribute to adjusting the frequency response of the air-conducting loudspeaker 550 at low frequencies.

[0080] In some embodiments, the air-conducting sound waves can be transmitted to the outside environment through the pressure relief vent, resulting in sound loss. In some embodiments, the pressure relief vent can be specially designed to reduce or suppress this sound loss. For example, the pressure relief vent can be larger so that the resonance peak (Helmholtz resonance) of the rear chamber of the housing 560 can be associated with a higher frequency. This can suppress the sound loss propagating from the pressure relief vent at low to medium frequencies. Furthermore, it is intended that the larger the dimensions of the pressure relief vent, the lower the acoustic impedance and thus the sound pressure of the sound waves at the pressure relief vent can be, thereby reducing sound loss.

[0081] In some further embodiments, a mesh for tone regulation (not shown) can be provided at the pressure relief opening to reduce the intensity of the resonance peak, thus reducing the frequency response of the rear chamber of the housing 520 and thus suppressing sound loss.

[0082] In some embodiments, the output characteristics of the bone conduction sound waves can be adjusted by changing the stiffness of the vibration plate 512 and / or the housing 520 (for example, the passage dimension of the vibration plate 512 and / or the housing 520, the modulus of elasticity of the material, the ribs, and / or other mechanical structures). In some embodiments, the output characteristics of the air conduction sound waves can be adjusted by changing the shape, the coefficient of elasticity, and the damping of the diaphragm 521. In some embodiments, the output characteristics of the air conduction sound waves can also be adjusted by changing the number, position, size, and / or shape of the at least one sound hole and / or pressure relief opening(s).For example, a damping structure (e.g., a mesh for tone control) can be provided for the sound hole 570 to adjust the acoustic effect of the air conduction loudspeaker 550.

[0083] It should be noted that the number, size, shape (e.g., the cross-sectional shape), and / or position of one or more of the above exemplary additional acoustic structures (e.g., the sound hole, sound tube, pressure relief vent, and / or tone control mesh) can be adjusted according to actual needs, and this cannot be limited by the present description. In some embodiments, the number, size, shape, and / or position of the one or more of the above additional acoustic structures can be optimized according to the sound loss of the acoustic output device 500. In some embodiments, they can be optimized according to a loss frequency response curve provided subsequently.Furthermore, the spatial arrangement of the bone conduction loudspeaker 500 and the air conduction loudspeaker 550 and / or one or more components of the bone conduction loudspeaker 500 and the air conduction loudspeaker 550 cannot be limited in this description. For example, the spatial arrangement of the bone conduction loudspeaker 500 and the air conduction loudspeaker 550 (for example, the air conduction loudspeaker 550 and the bone conduction loudspeaker 500 can be arranged side by side, or the air conduction loudspeaker 550 and the bone conduction loudspeaker 500 can be arranged one above the other, etc.) can be adjusted according to actual requirements and is not limited. Similarly, for example, the position of the driver 552 and / or the diaphragm 551 in the housing 560, the orientation of the diaphragm 551 (for example, the front orientation), etc., can also be changed.to change according to actual needs, and this cannot be limited.

[0084] The acoustic output device provided in this description, in conjunction with the bone conduction loudspeaker (for example, bone conduction loudspeaker 500) and the air conduction loudspeaker (for example, air conduction loudspeaker 550), can provide the user with an improved acoustic effect and haptic sensation. In some embodiments, the bone conduction and air conduction sound waves emitted by the acoustic output device can include sound waves at different frequencies.

[0085] Fig. Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments described in this document. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 6, the acoustic output device 600 comprises a first housing 610, a second housing 620, a bone conduction loudspeaker 630, and an air conduction loudspeaker 640. The bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can be the same as or similar to the bone conduction loudspeaker 500. Fig. 5. The structure of the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can be as shown in Fig. Figure 6 is simplified. The bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can be electrically coupled to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316 and configured to generate bone conduction sound waves based on the bone conduction control signals generated by the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316. The bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can be located on the inside of the bottom wall of the first housing 610. The bone conduction sound waves generated by the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can be transmitted to the user via the bottom wall of the first housing 610. The bottom wall can come into contact with the user's skin (for example, as represented by the dashed line 650).In some embodiments, the vibration plate of the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can be mechanically connected to the bottom wall of the first enclosure 610, or the bottom wall of the first enclosure 610 can form part of the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 and be considered its vibration plate. In this case, the vibration plate can vibrate in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the user's skin (indicated by the dashed line 650). In some alternative embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can be located on the top wall of the first enclosure 610, opposite the bottom wall of the first enclosure 610. As used in this description, if the difference of an angle between two directions is less than a threshold value (for example, 2 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees) from 0 degrees (or 180 degrees), then the system is considered to be functioning correctly.Similarly, if the difference of an angle enclosed between two directions to 90 degrees is less than a threshold value (for example, 2 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees), the two directions can be considered to be essentially perpendicular to each other.

[0086] The air conduction loudspeaker 640 can be electrically coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 317 and configured to generate air conduction sound waves based on the air conduction control signals generated by the air conduction signal processing circuit 317. The air conduction loudspeaker 640 can be positioned adjacent to the bone conduction loudspeaker 630. In particular, the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 and the air conduction loudspeaker 640 can be positioned along a reference plane (for example, the plane in which the user's skin or the bottom wall of the first enclosure 610 is located). The air conduction loudspeaker 640 can be located on one side of the bone conduction loudspeaker 630.

[0087] The bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can be located in chamber 611 of the first housing 611. The air conduction loudspeaker 640 can be located in chamber 621 of the second housing 620. Chamber 611 of the first housing 611 and chamber 621 of the second housing 620 can be separate. The second housing 620 can also be located next to the first housing 610. In some embodiments, the first housing 610 and the second housing 620 can be fixedly connected to each other. For example, the first housing 610 and the second housing 620 can share the same side wall. In some embodiments, the first housing 610 and the second housing 620 can be separated from each other (for example, there is a gap between the first housing 610 and the second housing 620) and connected to each other via a connecting assembly.

[0088] The front of the diaphragm of the air-conduction loudspeaker 640 can face any direction. In some embodiments, the front of the diaphragm of the air-conduction loudspeaker 640 can point downwards with respect to the bottom wall of the second enclosure 620 (i.e., in the direction of the dashed line 650 in the figure). Fig. 6) The vibration direction 630 of the bone conduction loudspeaker (i.e., the direction of the bone conduction sound waves propagated from the bone conduction loudspeaker 630) can be perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the user's skin, and the vibration direction of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 640 can also be perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the user's skin. As used herein, the vibration direction of the center of the diaphragm refers to the vibration direction of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 640. The vibration direction of the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 and the vibration direction of the vibration plate of the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can coincide. In this case, the vibration direction of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 640 can be parallel to the vibration direction of the bone conduction loudspeaker 630.

[0089] In some embodiments, at least one sound hole can be provided in the wall of the second housing 620. This at least one sound hole can cause air-conducted sound waves to propagate from the chamber 621. For example, a first sound hole 622 can be provided in the top wall of the second housing 620. A second sound hole 623 can be provided in the side wall of the second housing 620. In some embodiments, the second sound hole 623 can be located in a vertical direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the second housing 620, below the front surface of the air-conducting loudspeaker 640 (e.g., the diaphragm of the air-conducting loudspeaker 640).

[0090] When the user wears the acoustic output device 600, the first housing 610 can be in direct or indirect contact with the user's skin. Through the bottom wall of the first housing 610, which comes into contact with the user's skin, bone conduction sound waves can be transmitted via the user's skin and bone to the user's cochlea. In some embodiments, the air conduction loudspeaker 640 can be located closer to the listening position (for example, the position of the user's ear) than the bone conduction loudspeaker 630. The second sound hole 623 on the second housing 620 can be positioned facing the listening position, allowing the air conduction sound waves to propagate directly to the user's ear. This reduces sound loss and increases the volume of the sound heard by the user.

[0091] It should be noted that the provision of at least one sound hole (e.g., sound holes 622 and 623) is for illustrative purposes and may be considered a limitation. In some alternative embodiments, the sound hole 623 may not be necessary. The front chamber of the second enclosure 620 may be omitted. The air-conducting sound waves generated by the diaphragm of the air-conducting loudspeaker 640 may propagate directly outside the second enclosure 620. In this case, the diaphragm of the air-conducting loudspeaker may form a wall (e.g., the bottom wall) of the second enclosure 620. In some embodiments, one or more additional acoustic structures (e.g., the tone control mesh, the pressure relief vent, the sound tube, etc.) may be provided.

[0092] The bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can be electrically coupled to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316. The bone conduction loudspeaker 630 can generate and output bone conduction sound waves in a specific frequency range (such as a low-frequency range, a mid-frequency range, a high-frequency range, a low-to-mid-frequency range, a mid-to-high-frequency range, etc.) based on the bone conduction control signals generated by the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316. The air conduction loudspeaker 640 can be electrically coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 317.The air conduction loudspeaker 640 can generate and output air conduction sound waves in the same frequency range as, or in a different frequency range than, the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 based on the air conduction control signals generated by the air conduction signal processing circuit 317.

[0093] For example, bone conduction sound waves can have mid to high frequencies, while air conduction sound waves can have low to mid frequencies. The low to mid frequencies of the air conduction sound waves can complement the mid to high frequencies of the bone conduction sound waves. The entire output of the acoustic output device can cover both low to mid frequencies and mid to high frequencies. In this case, better sound quality (especially at low frequencies) can be delivered. Furthermore, excessive vibration of the bone conduction speaker at low frequencies can be avoided.

[0094] For example, bone conduction sound waves can have low to medium frequencies, while air conduction sound waves can have medium to high frequencies. In this case, the acoustic output device can provide warnings or alerts to the user via the bone conduction speaker and / or air conduction speaker, as the user is sensitive to bone conduction sound waves at low to medium frequencies and / or air conduction sound waves at medium to high frequencies.

[0095] For example, air conduction sound waves can have low to mid-range frequencies, while bone conduction sound waves can have frequencies across a broader frequency range than air conduction sound waves. This allows the output at low to mid-range frequencies to be amplified, thus improving the sound quality. Further details on the frequency distribution of bone conduction sound waves and / or air conduction sound waves can be found elsewhere in this description, for example in Fig. 17, Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 20 to Fig. 21.

[0096] It should be noted that the foregoing description serves only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of this description. Various changes and modifications can be made by the average person skilled in the field according to this description. However, such changes and modifications do not deviate from the scope of this description. For example, the relative position of the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 and the air conduction loudspeaker 640, the mass, shape, and / or size of the first enclosure 610 and / or the second enclosure 620, as well as one or more additional acoustic structures, etc., can be modified and optimized according to various needs. This should not be limited by this description.

[0097] Fig. Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments described in this document. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 700 may be identical or similar to the acoustic output device 600, except that the front face of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 740 may face upwards (i.e., towards the top wall of the second housing 720) with respect to the bottom of the second housing 720. When the user wears the acoustic output device 700, the bottom wall of the first housing 710, which contains the bone conduction loudspeaker 730, may come into contact with the user's skin (represented, for example, by the horizontal dashed line 750).

[0098] In some embodiments, a sound hole 723 can be provided in the side wall of the second housing 720. The sound hole 723 can be located above the front surface of the air-conducting loudspeaker 740 (for example, the surface of the diaphragm of the air-conducting loudspeaker 740) in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the second housing 720. Furthermore, a pressure relief opening (in Fig. (7 not shown) may be provided in the side wall of the second housing 720. The pressure relief opening may be provided in the direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the second housing 720 below the front surface of the air-line loudspeaker 740.

[0099] Fig. Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments described in this document. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the acoustic output device 800 can comprise a housing 810, a bone conduction loudspeaker 830, and an air conduction loudspeaker 840. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 800 can be identical or similar to the acoustic output device 700, except that the bone conduction loudspeaker 830 and the air conduction loudspeaker 840 can share the same chamber of the same housing 810. The bone conduction loudspeaker 830 can be located on the inside of the bottom wall of the housing 810. The bone conduction sound waves generated by the bone conduction loudspeaker 830 can be transmitted to the user via the bottom wall of the housing 810. The bottom wall of the housing 810 can come into contact with the user's skin (for example, as shown by the dashed line 850). The air conduction loudspeaker 840 can be arranged in the housing 810 next to the bone conduction loudspeaker 830.

[0100] In some embodiments, the housing 810, together with the front surface of the air-conduction loudspeaker 840 (for example, the surface of the diaphragm of the air-conduction loudspeaker 840), can define a front chamber. The front surface of the air-conduction loudspeaker 840 can face upwards with respect to the bottom wall of the housing 810 and radiate air-conduction sound waves into the front chamber. In some embodiments, the air-conduction loudspeaker 840 can be mounted between the side wall and a mounting side part of the housing 810, which projects into the chamber of the housing 810. For example, the mounting side part can extend in a vertical direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the housing 810. The combination of the mounting side part, the side wall of the housing 810, and the diaphragm of the air-conduction loudspeaker 840 can form the front chamber of the air-conduction loudspeaker 840.

[0101] In some embodiments, the housing 810 may be provided with at least one sound hole. For example, a sound hole 822 may be provided in the side wall of the front chamber of the housing 810. In some embodiments, the sound hole 822 may face the listening position, for example, the user's ear when the user is wearing the acoustic output device 800. The sound hole 822 may be located in the vertical direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the housing 810 above the front surface of the air-conducting loudspeaker (e.g., the surface of the diaphragm of the air-conducting loudspeaker 840). In some alternative embodiments, the front surface of the air-conducting loudspeaker 840 (e.g., the surface of the diaphragm of the air-conducting loudspeaker 840) may face downwards with respect to the bottom of the housing 810. In this case, the position of the sound hole 822 may be adjusted accordingly.In some embodiments, the housing 810 can additionally be provided with a pressure relief opening 812 for equalizing the pressure in the rear chamber of the air-conducting loudspeaker 840 defined by the housing 810. As in . Fig. As shown in Figure 8, the bone conduction loudspeaker 830 can be located in the rear chamber of the air conduction loudspeaker 840. The pressure relief port 812 and the air conduction loudspeaker 840 can be located on opposite sides of the bone conduction loudspeaker 830. The distance between the sound hole 822 and the air conduction loudspeaker 840 can be smaller than the distance between the pressure relief port 812 and the air conduction loudspeaker 840.

[0102] Fig. 9 and Fig. Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of the loss frequency response curves of the acoustic output device 600 according to some embodiments described in this document. The loss frequency response curve of the acoustic output device 600 refers to a curve that represents the change in the sound loss of the acoustic output device 600 as a function of the frequency of the sound. For the acoustic output device 600, the air conduction loudspeaker 640 can be arranged next to the bone conduction loudspeaker 630. Loss frequency response curves of the acoustic output device 600 can be provided under various conditions. The horizontal axis can represent the frequency of the sound. The vertical axis can represent the amount of sound loss of the acoustic output device 600. As shown in Figure 10, the loss frequency response curve of the acoustic output device 600 can be represented by the frequency of the sound. Fig. As shown in Figure 9, a first loss frequency response curve 910 is provided under the condition that the acoustic output device 600 comprises only the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 (omitting the air conduction loudspeaker 640). A second loss frequency response curve 920 is provided under the condition that at least one sound hole is provided in the wall of the front chamber of the second enclosure 620. A third loss frequency response curve 930 is provided under the condition that the at least one sound hole in the wall of the front chamber of the second enclosure 620 is omitted. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 10, a fourth loss frequency response curve 1010 is provided under the condition that at least one sound hole is provided in the wall of the rear chamber of the second housing 620. A fifth loss frequency response curve 1020 is provided under the condition that the at least one sound hole in the wall of the rear chamber of the second housing 620 is omitted. A sixth loss frequency response curve 1030 is provided under the condition that the mass of the second housing 620 is increased.

[0103] It can be deduced that if the acoustic output device 600 comprises only the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 (omitting the air conduction loudspeaker 640), the sound loss at most frequencies is greater than if the acoustic output device 600 comprises both the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 and the air conduction loudspeaker 640. Therefore, if the air conduction loudspeaker 640 is located next to the bone conduction loudspeaker 630, the combination of the bone conduction loudspeaker 630 and the air conduction loudspeaker 640 can reduce the sound loss. Furthermore, the arrangement of at least one sound hole in the wall of the front or rear chamber of the enclosure 620 can have a negligible effect on the sound loss of the acoustic output device 600. It can also be deduced that the vibration amplitude of the non-vibrating walls of the first enclosure 610 and the second enclosure 620 (e.g.,The sound loss of the acoustic output device 600 (the upper and side walls of the first enclosure 610) can be reduced by increasing the mass of the acoustic output device 600 and the stiffness of the walls of the first enclosure 610 and / or the second enclosure 620. Consequently, the sound loss of the acoustic output device 600 can be effectively reduced in a specific frequency range (e.g., in a frequency range above 400 Hz).

[0104] Fig. Figure 11 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments described in this document. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 11, the acoustic output device 1100 can comprise a housing 1110, a bone conduction loudspeaker 1120, and an air conduction loudspeaker 1130. The bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 can be located on the inside of the bottom wall of the housing 1110. The bone conduction sound waves generated by the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 can be transmitted to the user via the bottom wall of the housing 1110. The bottom wall can come into contact with the user's skin (for example, as shown by the dashed line 1150). In some embodiments, the vibrating plate of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 can be mechanically connected to the bottom wall of the housing 1110, or the bottom wall of the housing 1110 can form part of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 and be considered the vibrating plate of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120.In this case, the vibration plate can vibrate in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the user's skin (represented by the dashed line 1150). In some alternative embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 can be located on the top wall of the housing 1110, opposite the bottom wall of the housing 1110. The air conduction loudspeaker 1130 and the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 can be stacked. In particular, the air conduction loudspeaker 1130 can be located above the bone conduction loudspeaker with respect to a reference plane (for example, the plane in which the user's skin or the bottom wall of the housing 1110 is located). The housing 1110 can comprise a first chamber 1111 and a second chamber 1112, the first chamber 1111 and the second chamber 1112 being arranged in a direction from the top wall to the bottom wall of the housing 1110.In some embodiments, the first chamber 1111 and the second chamber 1112 may not be connected to each other. For example, the first chamber 1111 may be separated from the second chamber 1112 by a foil or the inner wall of the housing 1110, etc. The bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 may be located in the first chamber 1111 of the housing 1110. The air conduction loudspeaker 1130 may be located in the second chamber 1112 of the housing 1110. As in . Fig. As shown in Figure 11, the second chamber 1112 could be the front chamber of the air-conducting loudspeaker 1130. Or, if the air-conducting loudspeaker 1130 is arranged in reverse, i.e., upside down, the second chamber 1112 could be the rear chamber of the air-conducting loudspeaker 1130.

[0105] In some embodiments, the front of the air conduction loudspeaker 1130 may face the bottom of the housing 1110. The direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 (i.e., the direction of the bone conduction sound waves 1120 propagated from the bone conduction loudspeaker) may be perpendicular to the user's skin, and the direction of vibration of the center point of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 1130 may also be perpendicular to the user's skin. In this case, the direction of vibration of the center point of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 1130 and the direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 may coincide.

[0106] In some embodiments, a pressure relief opening 1113 may be provided in the side wall of the housing 1110 to reduce sound loss from the acoustic output device 1100. The pressure relief opening 1113 connects the rear chamber of the air-conducting loudspeaker 1130 to the outside environment and is also referred to as the rear chamber sound hole. In some embodiments, a sound hole 1114 may be provided in the side wall of the front chamber 1112 of the air-conducting loudspeaker 1130. The sound hole 1114 connects the front chamber 1112 to the outside environment. In some embodiments, the sound hole 1114 may be located on the front surface of the air-conducting loudspeaker 1130 (e.g., the surface of the diaphragm of the air-conducting loudspeaker 1130).Air conduction sound waves can be transmitted to the listening position through the sound hole 1114, for example to the user's ear when the user is wearing the acoustic output device 1100.

[0107] In some embodiments, the air conduction loudspeaker 1130 can be located closer to the listening position than the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120, allowing the sound hole 1114 to face the listening position and thus enabling the air conduction sound waves to propagate directly to the listening position via the sound hole 1114. In some alternative embodiments, the sound hole 1114 may not be necessary. The front chamber of the housing 1110 (for example, the side wall facing the listening position) can be omitted. The air conduction sound waves generated by the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 1130 can propagate directly outside the housing 1110. In this case, the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker can form a wall of the housing 1110.

[0108] The bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 can be electrically coupled to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316. The bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 can generate and output bone conduction sound waves in a specific frequency range (such as a low-frequency range, a mid-frequency range, a high-frequency range, a low-to-mid-frequency range, a mid-to-high-frequency range, etc.) based on the bone conduction control signals generated by the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316. The air conduction loudspeaker 1130 can be electrically coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 317.The air conduction loudspeaker 1130 can generate and output air conduction sound waves in the same frequency range as, or in a different frequency range than, the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120, based on the air conduction control signals generated by the air conduction signal processing circuit 317.

[0109] For example, bone conduction sound waves can have mid to high frequencies, while air conduction sound waves can have low to mid frequencies. The low to mid frequencies of the air conduction sound waves can complement the mid to high frequencies of the bone conduction sound waves. The entire output of the acoustic output device can cover both low to mid frequencies and mid to high frequencies. In this case, better sound quality (especially at low frequencies) can be delivered. Furthermore, excessive vibration of the bone conduction speaker at low frequencies can be avoided.

[0110] Further detailed information on the frequency distribution of bone conduction sound waves and / or air conduction sound waves can be found elsewhere in this description, for example in Fig. 17, Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 20 to Fig. 21.

[0111] It should be noted that the foregoing description serves only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of this description. For the average person skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made according to this description. However, such changes and modifications do not deviate from the scope of this description. For example, the relative position of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 and the air conduction loudspeaker 1130, the mass, shape, and / or size of the enclosure 1110, as well as one or more additional acoustic structures, etc., can be modified and optimized according to various needs. This should not be limited by this description. As another example, the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 and the air conduction loudspeaker 1130 can be housed separately in two enclosures.

[0112] Fig. Figure 12 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments described in this document. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 12, the acoustic output device 1200 can comprise a housing 1210, a bone conduction loudspeaker 1220, and an air conduction loudspeaker 1230. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 1200 can be identical or similar to the acoustic output device 1100, except that the front of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 1230 can face upwards (i.e., towards the top wall of the housing 1210) with respect to the bottom wall of the housing 1210. The bone conduction loudspeaker 1220 can be located on the inside of the bottom wall of the housing 1210. The bone conduction sound waves generated by the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 can be transmitted to the user via the bottom wall of the housing 1210. The bottom wall can come into contact with the user's skin (for example, as shown by the dashed line 1150).The air conduction loudspeaker 1230 and the bone conduction loudspeaker 1220 can be stacked. In some embodiments, the air conduction loudspeaker 1230 and the bone conduction loudspeaker 1220 can be arranged sequentially along the enclosure 1210 from the top wall to the bottom wall. The air conduction loudspeaker 1230 and the bone conduction loudspeaker 1220 can share the same chamber of the enclosure 1210. In some embodiments, the end face of the air conduction loudspeaker 1230 can face upwards with respect to the bottom wall of the enclosure 1210.

[0113] In some embodiments, a sound hole 1214 may be provided in the side wall of the housing 1210. For example, the sound hole 1214 may be provided in the side wall of the front chamber of the air-conduction loudspeaker 1120. In some embodiments, a pressure relief opening 1213 may be provided in the side wall of the housing 1210. For example, the pressure relief opening 1213 may be provided in the side wall of the rear chamber of the air-conduction loudspeaker 1120. The bone conduction loudspeaker 1220 may also be located in the rear chamber of the air-conduction loudspeaker 1230.

[0114] Fig. 13 and Fig. Figure 14 shows a schematic representation of the loss frequency response curves of the acoustic output device 1100 according to some embodiments described in this document. The air conduction loudspeaker 1130 and the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 of the acoustic output device 1100 can be stacked. Loss frequency response curves of the acoustic output device 1100 can be provided under various conditions. The horizontal axis can represent the frequency of the sound. The vertical axis can represent the amount of sound loss of the acoustic output device 1100. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 13, a first loss frequency response curve 1310 is provided under the condition that the acoustic output device 1100 comprises only the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 (omitting the air conduction loudspeaker 1130). A second loss frequency response curve 1320 is provided under the condition that at least one sound hole is provided in the wall of the rear chamber of the enclosure 1110. A third loss frequency response curve 1130 is provided under the condition that the at least one sound hole in the wall of the rear chamber of the enclosure 1110 is omitted. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 14, a fourth loss frequency response curve 1410 is provided under the condition that at least one sound hole is provided in the wall of the front chamber of the housing 1110. A fifth loss frequency response curve 1420 is provided under the condition that the at least one sound hole in the wall of the front chamber of the housing 1110 is omitted. A sixth loss frequency response curve 1430 is provided under the condition that the mass of a part of the housing 1110 is increased.

[0115] It can be deduced that if the acoustic output device 1100 comprises only the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 (omitting the air conduction loudspeaker 1130), the sound loss in a certain frequency range (for example, between 1000 Hz and 3000 Hz and between 8000 Hz and 10 kHz) is greater than if the acoustic output device 1100 comprises both the bone conduction loudspeaker 1120 and the air conduction loudspeaker 1130. Furthermore, the arrangement of at least one sound hole in the wall of the rear chamber of the housing 1110 can reduce the sound loss of the acoustic output device 1100 in a certain frequency range (for example, below 1000 Hz). However, the arrangement of at least one sound hole in the wall of the front chamber of the housing 1110 can increase the sound loss of the acoustic output device 1100 in a certain frequency range (for example between 3000 Hz and 10 kHz).It can also be deduced that the vibration amplitude of the non-vibrating walls of the housing 1110 can be reduced by increasing the mass of the acoustic output device 1100 and the stiffness of at least one wall of the housing 1110. Consequently, the sound loss of the acoustic output device 1100 can be effectively reduced in a specific frequency range (e.g., in a frequency range between 6000 and 10000 Hz).

[0116] Fig. Figure 15 shows a schematic representation of the exemplary acoustic output device according to some embodiments described in this document. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 15, the acoustic output device 1500 can comprise a bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 and an air conduction loudspeaker 1530. The bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 and the air conduction loudspeaker 1530 can be housed in the same enclosure 1510. The bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 can be located on the inside of the bottom wall 1511 of the enclosure 1510. When the user wears the acoustic output device 1500, the bone conduction sound waves 1520 generated by the bone conduction loudspeaker can be transmitted to the user via the bottom wall 1511 of the enclosure 1510. The bottom wall 1511 can come into contact with the user's skin (for example, as shown by the dashed line 1550).In some embodiments, the vibration plate of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 can be mechanically connected to the bottom wall of the housing 1510, or the bottom wall of the housing 1510 can form part of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 and be considered its vibration plate. In this case, the vibration plate can vibrate in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the user's skin (indicated by the dashed line 1550). In some alternative embodiments, the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 can be located on the top wall of the housing 1510, opposite the bottom wall of the housing 1510.

[0117] The air conduction loudspeaker 1530 can be arranged perpendicular to the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520. That is, the direction of vibration of the vibration plate of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1511 can be oriented perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 1530. As shown in Fig. As shown in Figure 15, the diaphragm 1512 of the air-conduction loudspeaker 1530 can form a side wall of the housing 1510, thus eliminating the need for a front chamber 1530 of the air-conduction loudspeaker. The front of the diaphragm of the air-conduction loudspeaker 1530 can face the listening position. The air-conduction sound waves generated by the air-conduction loudspeaker 1530 can propagate directly towards the listener. In some alternative embodiments, the side wall of the housing 1510 can be positioned in front of the diaphragm of the air-conduction loudspeaker 1530 to form a front chamber of the air-conduction loudspeaker 1530. The air-conduction sound waves generated by the air-conduction loudspeaker 1530 can propagate towards the listener through a sound hole provided in the wall of the front chamber.

[0118] In some embodiments, the direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 (i.e., the direction in which bone conduction sound waves propagate from the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520) can be perpendicular to the user's skin (represented by the dashed line 1550), and the direction of vibration of the center point of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 1530 can be parallel to the user's skin (represented by the dashed line 1550). In this case, the direction of vibration of the center point of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 1530 can be substantially perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520.The vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 (or the bone conduction sound waves generated by the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520) may have little or no effect on the vibration of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 1520, thus achieving excellent sound reproduction by the acoustic output device 1500. It should be noted that the direction of vibration of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker 1530 may not be completely perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520. For example, the angle between these two directions may be greater or less than 90 degrees (e.g., 70 degrees, 80 degrees, 85 degrees, 95 degrees, 100 degrees, 115 degrees, etc.).

[0119] The bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 can be electrically coupled to the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316. The bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 can generate and output bone conduction sound waves in a specific frequency range (such as a low-frequency range, a mid-frequency range, a high-frequency range, a low-to-mid-frequency range, a mid-to-high-frequency range, etc.) based on the bone conduction control signals generated by the bone conduction signal processing circuit 316. The air conduction loudspeaker 1530 can be electrically coupled to the air conduction signal processing circuit 317.The air conduction loudspeaker 1530 can generate and output air conduction sound waves in the same frequency range as, or in a different frequency range than, the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 based on the air conduction control signals generated by the air conduction signal processing circuit 317.

[0120] For example, bone conduction sound waves can have mid to high frequencies, while air conduction sound waves can have low to mid frequencies. The low to mid frequencies of the air conduction sound waves can complement the mid to high frequencies of the bone conduction sound waves. The entire output of the acoustic output device can cover both low to mid frequencies and mid to high frequencies. In this case, better sound quality (especially at low frequencies) can be delivered. Furthermore, excessive vibration of the bone conduction speaker at low frequencies can be avoided.

[0121] Further detailed information on the frequency distribution of bone conduction sound waves and / or air conduction sound waves can be found elsewhere in this description, for example in Fig. 17, Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 20 to Fig. 21.

[0122] It should be noted that the foregoing description serves only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of this description. A person skilled in the art in this field may make various changes and modifications according to this description. However, such changes and modifications do not deviate from the scope of this description. For example, the number, position, size, and / or shape of sound holes and pressure relief openings provided in the acoustic output device may not be limited to the embodiments shown in the figures. In some embodiments, the sound tube may be coupled to the sound hole. In some alternative embodiments, the sound tube may be inserted directly through the wall into the housing 1510.As another example, the relative position of the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 and the air conduction loudspeaker 1530, the mass, shape and / or size of the enclosure 1510, as well as one or more additional acoustic structures, etc., can be modified and optimized according to various needs. This should not be limited to the present description. As a further example, the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 and the air conduction loudspeaker 1530 can be housed separately in two enclosures.

[0123] Fig. Figure 16 shows a schematic representation of the loss frequency response curves of the acoustic output device 1500 according to some embodiments described in this document. The air-conducting loudspeaker 1530 of the acoustic output device 1500 can be installed in the side wall 1512 of the housing 1510. In this case, the mass and stiffness of the side wall 1512 can be increased, and the vibrations of the housing 1510 can be reduced, thereby decreasing the sound loss of the acoustic output device 1500. Loss frequency response curves of the acoustic output device 1500 can be provided under various conditions. The horizontal axis can represent the frequency of the sound. The vertical axis can represent the amount of sound loss of the acoustic output device 1500. As shown in Figure 16, the frequency of the sound is represented by the horizontal axis. Fig. Figure 16 shows a first loss frequency response curve 1610 provided under the condition that the acoustic output device 1500 comprises only the bone conduction loudspeaker 1520 (omitting the air conduction loudspeaker 1530). A second loss frequency response curve 1620 is provided, which shows the sound loss of the acoustic output device 1500 at various frequencies.

[0124] Based on the loss frequency response curves 1610 and 1620, it can be deduced that in a certain frequency range (e.g. between 150 Hz and 10000 Hz) the sound loss 1500 of the acoustic output device 1500 is lower than in the case where the acoustic output device only includes the bone conduction loudspeaker.

[0125] Fig. 17, Fig. 18, Fig. 19, Fig. 20 to Fig. Figure 21 shows a schematic representation of the frequency response characteristics of the acoustic output device according to some embodiments described in this document. The acoustic output device (for example, the acoustic output device 600, 700, 800, 1100, 1200, or 1500) can comprise a bone conduction loudspeaker and an air conduction loudspeaker. The bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker can operate independently of each other. The bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker can generate sound waves at different frequencies (e.g., at low to mid frequencies, at mid to high frequencies, etc.). The sound waves at different frequencies can complement each other to achieve specific output effects.

[0126] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 17, the bone conduction sound waves generated by the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction sound waves generated by the air conduction loudspeaker can have different frequencies. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sound waves can have medium to high frequencies (indicated by the short dashed line in Figure 17). Fig. 17), while airborne sound waves can have low to medium frequencies (shown by the dashed line in Fig. 17). The air conduction sound waves, which have low to mid-range frequencies (i.e., the sound at low to mid-frequency), can be propagated through the air to the ear of the user wearing the acoustic output device, while the bone conduction sound waves, which have mid to high frequencies (i.e., the sound at mid to high frequency), can be propagated to the user via the user's bone. The low-to-mid-frequency sound can serve as a complement to the mid-to-high-frequency sound. The total output of the acoustic output device (by the solid line in Fig. (Figure 17) can cover the low to mid frequencies and the mid to high frequencies. In this case, better sound quality (especially at low frequencies) can be achieved. Furthermore, strong vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker at low frequencies can be avoided.

[0127] In general, human hearing is more sensitive to mid to high frequencies, while the human sense of touch is more sensitive to low frequencies. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sound waves can have low to mid frequencies (indicated by the dashed line in Fig. 17), while airborne sound waves can have medium to high frequencies (shown by the short dashed line in Fig. (17 shown). In this case, the acoustic output device can provide warnings or alerts to the user via the bone conduction speaker and / or air conduction speaker, as the user is sensitive to bone conduction sound waves at low to mid frequencies and / or air conduction sound waves at mid to high frequencies. It should be noted that the low to mid frequencies and the mid to high frequencies can overlap. For example, the maximum frequency of the low to mid frequencies (e.g., the frequency corresponding to the half-power point of the low to mid frequency curve) may exceed the minimum frequency of the mid to high frequencies (e.g., the frequency corresponding to the half-power point of the mid to high frequency curve).In some alternative embodiments, the low to medium frequencies and the medium to high frequencies may not overlap.

[0128] In some embodiments, the bone conduction sound waves and the air conduction sound waves can have the same frequency. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 18, the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker of the acoustic output device can generate sound waves at different frequencies, for example, frequencies across a wide frequency range (also referred to as frequencies across a broad range, which are in Fig. 18 represented by the short dashed line) or frequencies in a narrow frequency range (also referred to as narrow-band frequencies, which are in Fig. 18 (shown by the dashed line). Sound waves at different frequencies can complement each other to achieve specific sound effects. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sound waves and the air conduction sound waves can have the same frequency in the low to mid-frequency range. In this case, the total output of sound waves from the acoustic output device can be in the low to mid-frequency range (shown by the solid line in Figure 18). Fig. (as shown in Figure 18) may be greater than those in the mid- to high-frequency range. In other words, the total output of the acoustic output device can be amplified in the low to mid-frequency range. Since the human hearing threshold is higher in the low to mid-frequency range and lower in the mid to high-frequency range (meaning that humans are more sensitive to sound in the mid to high-frequency range), the amplified output of sound waves in the low to mid-frequency range can compensate for the effect of the aforementioned hearing threshold and thus equalize the perception of sound across different frequencies.

[0129] In some embodiments, the air conduction sound waves can have low to medium frequencies, while the bone conduction sound waves can have frequencies across a broader frequency range than those of the air conduction sound waves. Therefore, the output can be amplified at low to medium frequencies, thus improving sound quality. At the same time, it can prevent strong vibrations at low to medium frequencies, thereby improving comfort and hearing safety for the user. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sound waves can have low to medium frequencies, while the air conduction sound waves can have frequencies across a broader frequency range than those of the bone conduction sound waves.By adding moderate vibration at low to medium frequencies, tactile sensations can be conveyed to the user in addition to acoustic perceptions, thus enriching the audio experience for the user.

[0130] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 19, bone conduction and air conduction sound waves can have the same frequency in the mid- to high-frequency range to increase the loudness at mid- to high frequencies or to reduce sound loss at mid- to high frequencies. In some embodiments, the air conduction sound waves can have mid- to high frequencies (for example, out-of-phase mid- to high frequencies, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 19). Fig. (19 shown), while bone conduction sound waves can have frequencies across a wider frequency range than air conduction sound waves (frequencies across a broad range). According to the principle of antiphase cancellation, air conduction sound waves can reduce or eliminate the high-frequency sound loss of the bone conduction loudspeaker. This sound loss refers to the loss of the bone conduction loudspeaker, which occurs in Fig. 19 is represented by the short dashed line. In this case, the total sound loss of the acoustic output device (represented by the solid line in Fig. 19) are reduced at medium to high frequencies.

[0131] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 20, bone conduction sound waves can have medium to high frequencies (e.g., those represented by the dashed line in Figure 20). Fig. 20 frequencies shown in a narrow range), whereas air conduction sound waves can have frequencies in a wider frequency range than bone conduction sound waves (e.g., the one shown by the short dashed line in Fig. 20 frequencies shown across a wide range), thus covering the entire output of sound waves at medium to high frequencies (depicted by the solid line in Fig. (shown in 20) is increased. This increases, for example, the volume of the acoustic output device in the mid to high frequency range.

[0132] In practical implementations, in earphones equipped with an air conduction speaker, the bone conduction sound waves generated by the bone conduction speaker can serve to complement the mid- to high-frequency response of the air conduction speaker. Since the bone conduction speaker exhibits a larger vibration amplitude in the low-frequency range, the user may perceive pronounced facial vibrations, which can negatively impact the user experience. To mitigate or eliminate such vibrations, the low-frequency sound from the bone conduction speaker can be attenuated (e.g., using frequency dividers or crossovers). This can lead to a significant reduction in the low frequencies of the bone conduction speaker and thus impair sound quality. However, the air conduction speaker can be used to supplement the low frequencies.In particular, the acoustic output device can emit low-frequency sound via the air conduction speaker and medium and / or high-frequency sound via the bone conduction speaker, thus providing the user with a balanced audio experience.

[0133] As in Fig. As shown in Figure 21, the bone conduction loudspeaker can emit high-frequency sound (through the short dashed line in Figure 21). Fig. 21), while the air-conducting loudspeaker can emit low-frequency sound (shown by the dashed line in Fig. (21 shown). The acoustic output device can emit both high-frequency and low-frequency sound, thereby improving user comfort and maintaining the acoustic effect. In some embodiments, the high frequencies may refer to frequency ranges above 300 Hz, 1000 Hz, 10 kHz, etc. Similarly, the low frequencies may refer to frequency ranges below 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1 kHz, etc.

[0134] Fig. Figure 22 shows a schematic representation of a vibration displacement spectrum of the bone conduction loudspeaker according to some embodiments described in this document. The vibration displacement of the bone conduction loudspeaker at different frequencies can be measured using a laser vibrometer. As shown in Fig.As shown in Figure 22, the resonance peak of the bone conduction loudspeaker is at approximately 180 Hz. The vibration amplitude of the bone conduction loudspeaker rises rapidly between approximately 100 Hz and 250 Hz, which can represent a vibration-sensitive range. In some embodiments, the frequency crossover point between the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker can be set at approximately 250 Hz. Consequently, the air conduction loudspeaker can primarily generate air conduction sound waves at frequencies below 250 Hz, while the bone conduction loudspeaker can primarily generate bone conduction sound waves at frequencies above 250 Hz. As a result, the vibration amplitude of the bone conduction loudspeaker can be kept within a smaller range, effectively reducing the user's perception of facial vibrations and achieving a balanced acoustic effect.

[0135] The basic concepts have already been described. Obviously, the above disclosure of the present invention is merely an example for persons skilled in the art who have read the present application and does not constitute a limitation of the present description. Although not expressly stated here, persons skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and changes to the present description. Such modifications, improvements, and changes are proposed in the present description so that they are intended to be contained within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments given in the present description.

[0136] This description also uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the present description. Terms such as "an embodiment" and "some embodiments" represent a feature, structure, or special characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the present description. It should therefore be emphasized and noted that the terms "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment," which appear two or more times in different places in this description, do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, some features, structures, or properties of one or more embodiments of the present description can be appropriately combined.

[0137] In addition, the person skilled in the art in this field can understand that the aspects of this description can be explained and described by several patentable categories or situations, including any new and meaningful combinations of processes, machines, products, or substances, as well as any new and meaningful improvements thereto. Therefore, the aspects of this description can be implemented entirely in hardware, entirely in software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of software and hardware. These implementations are referred to herein generally as "modules," "units," "assemblies," "devices," or "systems."Furthermore, the aspects of the present description may constitute a form of computer program product embodied in one or more computer-readable media, wherein the computer-readable medium contains computer-readable program code.

[0138] A computer-readable signal medium can comprise a disseminated data signal containing computer program code, for example, on a baseband or as part of a carrier wave. This disseminated signal can be in various forms, including electromagnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. The computer-readable signal medium can be any computer-readable medium that is not a computer-readable storage medium in the strict sense and serves to achieve communication, dissemination, or transmission of a program to be provided by connecting it to an instruction execution system, associated device, or equipment. The program code on the computer-readable signal medium can be disseminated via any suitable medium, such as radio, cable, fiber optic cable, RF, etc., or a combination thereof.

[0139] The computer program code for executing the operations according to the aspects of this description can be written in one or any combination of several programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB.NET, Python, etc.; traditional procedural programming languages ​​such as C, Visual Basic, Fortran 2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP; dynamic programming languages ​​such as Python, Ruby, and Groovy; or other programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer or as a standalone software package on the user's computer, or partially on the user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server.In the latter case, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via a network of any form, including Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN), or connected to an external computer (e.g., by using a network provided by the network provider), or in a cloud computing environment, or as a service such as Software-as-a-Service (SaaS).

[0140] Furthermore, unless expressly stated otherwise in the claims, neither the order of the processing elements and sequences nor the use of numbers, letters, or other designations in this description shall be used to restrict the order of the processes and methods described herein. Although the above disclosure discusses some embodiments of the invention currently considered useful by way of various examples, it should be understood that such details are for illustrative purposes only and that the attached claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Rather, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that are consistent with the nature and scope of the embodiments described herein.Although the above-mentioned components can be implemented in hardware devices, they can also be implemented as purely software solutions, for example as installations on existing servers or mobile devices.

[0141] It should also be noted that in the preceding description of the embodiments of the present description, various features are sometimes grouped together in one embodiment, one figure, or its description(s) to simplify the description of the disclosure of the present description and to facilitate the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention. However, this approach for the present description should not be interpreted as meaning that the claimed subject matter requires more features than those expressly mentioned in each claim. In fact, the embodiments have fewer features than the totality of features of the individual embodiments disclosed above.

Claims

[1] Acoustic output device, comprising: a bone conduction loudspeaker configured to generate bone conduction sound waves; an air conduction loudspeaker comprising a diaphragm, wherein the air conduction loudspeaker is configured to generate air conduction sound waves by vibrating the diaphragm, where the air conduction loudspeaker is independent of the bone conduction loudspeaker; at least one enclosure configured to house the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker; where the angle between the direction of vibration of the bone conduction loudspeaker and the direction of vibration of the center of the diaphragm of the air conduction loudspeaker is 70° to 115°, Bone conduction sound waves have medium to high frequencies, while air conduction sound waves have low to medium frequencies. [2] Acoustic output device according to claim 1, wherein the bone conduction loudspeaker comprises a vibration assembly, wherein the vibration assembly is configured to convert the electrical signals into mechanical vibration signals, where the signal conversions include electromagnetic conversions, for example using a moving coil, a moving iron, or magnetostrictive. [3] Acoustic output device according to claim 2, wherein the vibration assembly comprises: a magnetic circuit system configured to generate a magnetic field; a vibration plate connected to the at least one housing; and one or more coils connected to the vibration plate, wherein the one or more coils oscillate or vibrate within the magnetic field and cause the vibration plate to oscillate in order to generate the bone conduction sound waves. [4] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the chamber of the housing is divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by the diaphragm of the air-conducting loudspeaker, wherein at least one sound hole is provided in a wall of the front chamber of the housing, such that the sound hole faces the user's external ear canal when the user is wearing the acoustic output device, and with the bone conduction loudspeaker located in the rear chamber. [5] Acoustic output device according to claim 4, wherein a pressure relief opening is provided in a wall of the rear chamber of the housing. [6] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one housing comprises a first housing and a second housing, wherein the bone conduction loudspeaker is located in the first housing, the air conduction loudspeaker is located in the second housing, and the second housing is provided with a sound hole and a pressure relief vent. [7] Acoustic output device according to claim 6, where the first housing and the second housing are separate from each other, or The first case and the second case share the same side wall in between. [8] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the air conduction loudspeaker of the acoustic output device is inserted into a side wall of the housing. [9] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the air-conducting loudspeaker is mounted between a side wall of the enclosure and a mounting side panel of the enclosure, the mounting side part protrudes into the chamber of the housing. [10] Acoustic output device according to claim 9, wherein the mounting side part, the diaphragm and a housing wall form the front chamber of the air conduction loudspeaker, wherein the sound hole is located in a wall of the front chamber, the bone conduction loudspeaker is located in the rear chamber of the air conduction loudspeaker and the pressure relief hole is located in a wall of the rear chamber. [11] Acoustic output device according to claim 10, wherein the distance between the sound hole and the air-conducting loudspeaker is smaller than the distance between the pressure relief opening and the air-conducting loudspeaker. [12] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 4 to 11, wherein the acoustic output device includes a sound tube, wherein the sound tube is coupled to the sound hole, and the sound tube is inserted directly through the wall into the housing. [13] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the bone conduction loudspeaker is electrically coupled to a bone conduction signal processing circuit, and The bone conduction signal processing circuit is arranged in the same housing as the bone conduction loudspeaker. [14] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the air-conducting loudspeaker is electrically coupled to the air-conducting signal processing circuit, and The air-conducting signal processing circuit is arranged together with the air-conducting loudspeaker in the same housing. [15] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising one or more acoustic structures for adjusting the frequencies of the airborne sound waves. [16] Acoustic output device according to claim 15, comprising one or more acoustic structures: a sound chamber, a sound tube, a sound hole, a pressure relief opening, a mesh for tone regulation, a cotton wool for tone regulation, a passive membrane or a combination thereof. [17] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the air conduction loudspeaker and the bone conduction loudspeaker are arranged side by side. [18] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the air conduction loudspeaker and the bone conduction loudspeaker are arranged one above the other. [19] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the acoustic output device is an open acoustic output device. [20] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the acoustic output device comprises an ear hook and an earphone core housing, the earphone core housing serves to house the bone conduction loudspeaker and the air conduction loudspeaker, wherein the ear hook is configured to suspend the acoustic output device on the user's ear and to secure the earphone core housing in predetermined positions relative to the user's ear when the user is wearing the acoustic output device. [21] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the low frequencies refer to frequency ranges below 250 Hz. [22] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein The maximum frequency exceeds the minimum frequency from low to medium frequencies, and the minimum frequency exceeds the minimum frequency from medium to high frequencies. or the low to medium frequencies and the medium to high frequencies do not overlap. [23] Acoustic output device according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the housing is configured to be directly or indirectly connected to the user's skin to transmit bone conduction sound waves.

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