Assembly method for framework set for building assembly

Abstract

To provide a framework unit for building assembly which can ensure sufficient structural strength, does not require specialized knowledge, techniques, or tools, can be assembled in a short time using a small number of types of members, and is inexpensive, in a wooden building such as a house or a hut in which wall members and roof members are unitized.SOLUTION: In a framework set for building assembly, a building framework is assembled by: alternately joining, in a length direction, a plurality of first frame bodies and second frame bodies that are two types of ladder-shaped frame bodies different in horizontal length, to form a self-supporting framework 1; and continuously arranging, in a depth direction, the self-supporting frameworks formed in this manner so that they abut one another, and fixing them to each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a frame set for assembling a building. More specifically, the present invention relates to a frame set for assembling a building, which includes a ladder-shaped frame with equipment fixed at regular intervals between two pairs of long vertical members. [Background technology]

[0002] Traditionally, heavy, long components have often been used as the main structural members of the framework of large structures, making it difficult for a small number of people to assemble the framework of a large structure without using heavy machinery such as cranes.

[0003] In addition, the framework of a building requires the assembly of a wide variety of components processed with specialized tools. The assembly of such a framework requires specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and a lot of time.

[0004] For this reason, in the past, a wooden modular building structure that can ensure sufficient structural strength and has a simple structure that allows easy assembly work, and an efficient assembly method thereof have been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

[0005] In addition, a triangular frame architectural structure has been proposed that creates a structurally stable triangular frame by raising the frames at regular intervals and fixing them together to create a triangular architectural space, which is resistant to horizontal forces from wind and earthquakes, has a short construction period, is inexpensive, and provides an architectural space with a large open space and large windows (see Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-7827 A [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2021-8796 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In the prior art described in Patent Document 1, the vertical frame material of the wall panel frame of a wooden modular building structure is composed of a core board and splice boards on both sides of it, and an insertion groove is formed on the upper surface of the vertical frame material, into which the floor beam boards and the rafter boards of the gable frame are inserted and fixed. Therefore, it is described that the positioning and fixing of the floor beam boards and the gable frame to the wall panel frame can be easily performed, heavy machinery such as cranes are not required for construction work, and the wall units can be easily transported, but the floor structure is not modularized and needs to be assembled on site.

[0008] In addition, the roof unit is a gable frame (substitute for horizontal members), and in order to assemble the roof, purlins that connect the gable frames are required. Therefore, special techniques are required for processing and installing the floor and roof. Furthermore, gable frames require different units for each gradient and span, and are complicated and heavy, with many components, so transportation and assembly are not necessarily easy. In addition, the wall unit requires multiple wall panel frames to be connected via a core board, and the concave sections formed using the thickness of the core board are intended to position the cross members of the same thickness for insertion, which poses the issue that this does not necessarily simplify the process.

[0009] Furthermore, the prior art described in Patent Document 2 describes a construction method in which a triangular frame is constructed using ascending beams and floor beams, the frames are erected at regular intervals, and they are secured together with roof plywood and bolts, thereby creating a structurally stable triangular prism-shaped architectural space even without pillars or beams inside. However, since a triangular frame cannot stand on its own when erected, if it is erected at regular intervals, support from perpendicular directions to the triangle is required in addition to the frame, which complicates the assembly procedure and reduces workability.

[0010] In addition, the triangular frames were finally connected and fixed together (perpendicular to the triangle) only by the roof plywood, which meant that the rigidity of the framework perpendicular to the triangle depended only on the out-of-plane rigidity of the plywood and finishing materials, making it unstable.

[0011] The present invention has been made in response to such conventional problems, and aims to provide a frame unit for assembling buildings which can ensure sufficient structural strength, does not require specialized knowledge, techniques, or tools, can be assembled in a short time using a small number of types of components, and is inexpensive. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The building assembly framework set of the present invention is a building assembly framework set having a ladder-shaped frame body with equipment fixed at regular intervals between two pairs of long vertical members, wherein the ladder-shaped frame body is composed of a plurality of first frame bodies and a plurality of second frame bodies which are shorter in horizontal length than the first frame bodies, and wherein the pair of vertical members of the second frame bodies can be fitted into the opposing spaces between the pair of vertical members of the first frame body.

[0013] In the framework set for assembling buildings of the present invention, holes are drilled in the two vertical members of each of the first frame body and the second frame body, parallel to the horizontal members, at a specific and equal distance in the length direction from the end of the vertical member and in the height direction of the vertical member, and the first frame body and the second frame body are fitted together, and a shaft member such as a bolt is inserted after aligning the hole positions of both vertical members, thereby pin-joining the first frame body and the second frame body.

[0014] In the framework set for assembling buildings of the present invention, the first frame body and the second frame body are fitted alternately in the longitudinal direction in three or more successive fashions and joined with pins to form a strip-shaped continuous framework, and when the pin joints are rotated around the axis of the shaft and both ends are joined to form a polygonal self-supporting framework, if the total number of frame bodies constituting the strip-shaped continuous framework is even, the first frame body and the second frame body at both ends are fitted in and joined, and if the total number of frame bodies is odd, both ends are joined via connecting members.

[0015] In addition, the building assembly framework set of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the above-mentioned self-supporting frameworks are abutted and arranged continuously in the depth direction and fixed to each other to form the framework of a building.

[0016] Furthermore, in the building assembly framework set of the present invention, when assembling the framework of the building, one or more temporary cross members are hung between the self-supporting frameworks arranged parallel to each other in the depth direction with an appropriate gap between them, and ladder-shaped frame bodies of the same shape are respectively abutted against the ladder-shaped frame bodies constituting the two parallel self-supporting frame bodies in the first frame body and arranged adjacently and continuously in the second frame body, and the ends of the first and second frame bodies that are continuous in the vertical direction are fitted together, and the ladder-shaped frame bodies that do not form the floor of the building are placed in close contact with the temporary cross members, and the hole positions of the vertical frame of the abutting first frame body and the hole positions of the vertical frame of the fitted second frame body are aligned, and a shaft member such as a bolt is inserted to fix them to each other, and finally, the ladder-shaped frame bodies that are not joined by fitting them together in the vertical direction are joined together or via a connecting member, thereby assembling the framework of the building.

[0017] The architectural assembly framework set of the present invention is characterized in that by fixing paneling to the vertical and horizontal surfaces of the ladder-shaped frame, the rigidity within the plane defined by the vertical and horizontal directions is increased, and the bending stress in the height direction is also increased. Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to the building assembly framework set of the present invention, specialized knowledge, skills, and tools are not required, and the building framework can be assembled by a small number of people using a small number of different materials in a short time. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] Perspective view of ladder-shaped frame (left: second frame, right: first frame) [Diagram 2] A perspective view of the process of fitting the first frame into the second frame and passing the shaft through [Diagram 3] A perspective view of the first frame body rotated around the shaft of the second frame body pin joint [Figure 4] Perspective view of the self-supporting frame assembly process (triangle example) [Diagram 5] Perspective view of the self-supporting frame after assembly (example of triangle) [Figure 6] Perspective view of the self-supporting frame after assembly (example of triangle and connecting member shapes) [Figure 7] Perspective view of the self-supporting frame after assembly (example of a square) [Figure 8] Perspective view of the assembly process with temporary cross members attached (example of triangle) [Figure 9] Perspective view of the building frame assembly process (example of triangle) [Figure 10] Perspective view of the assembled framework of a building (example of a triangle) [Figure 11] A perspective view of a building frame with exterior cladding (example of a triangle) [Figure 12] Expansion diagram of ladder-shaped frame with surface material (plan and cross-sectional view) [Figure 13] Development of in-plane and bending stresses of a ladder-shaped frame with surface material (plan and cross-sectional views) [Figure 14] A perspective view of a self-supporting framework in which a continuous belt-shaped frame is joined to an existing structure (example of a triangle) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. The perspective view of Fig. 1 shows a ladder-shaped frame 10 in which a horizontal member 110 is fixed between two pairs of long vertical members 111, and a horizontal member 120 is fixed between the vertical members 121 at regular intervals. The ladder-shaped frame 10 is composed of a plurality of frame members, namely a first frame member 11 and a second frame member 12 that is shorter in the horizontal direction than the first frame member 11, and a pair of vertical members 121 of the second frame member 12 can be fitted into the opposing space between the pair of vertical members 111 of the first frame member 11.

[0021] 2 shows a penetration process of the shaft member 2 in which the second frame body 12 is fitted into the first frame body 11. Holes 112 are drilled in the two vertical members 111 of the first frame body 11 in a direction parallel to the horizontal member 110 at a specific and equal distance from the end of the vertical member 111, and holes 122 are drilled in the two vertical members 121 of the second frame body 12 in a direction parallel to the horizontal member 120 at a specific and equal distance from the end of the vertical member 121. The first frame body 11 and the second frame body 12 are fitted together, the positions of the holes 112 and 122 of both vertical members are aligned, and a shaft member 2 such as a bolt is inserted through the first frame body 11 and the second frame body 12 are joined by pins.

[0022] FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the pin joint portion between the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 is rotated around the shaft member 2. As shown in FIG. 4 and 5 are perspective views showing the assembly process and the post-assembly state of the self-supporting framework 1 using three ladder-shaped frames and connecting members. The holes 122 at the ends of the second frame 12 are pin-connected to the holes 112 at both ends of the first frame 11 with the shaft members 2 such as bolts, and the end holes 122 of the two second frames 12 that are not pin-connected are fixed to one connecting member 3, and the self-supporting framework 1 is formed by assembling the first frame 11 and the second frame 12.

[0023] The perspective view of Fig. 6 shows the self-supporting framework 1 after assembly using three ladder-shaped frames and connecting members. Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a case where a large connecting member 31 is used as an example of the shape of the connecting member when making the self-supporting framework 1 using the assembled three ladder-shaped frames and connecting members shown in the perspective view of Fig. 5 into a larger triangle.

[0024] The perspective view of Fig. 7 shows the self-supporting framework 1 using four ladder-shaped frames after assembly. After the assembly process of the self-supporting framework 1 shown in the perspective view of Fig. 4 is completed, the first framework 11 is fitted and penetrated by the shaft members 2 such as bolts, and the first framework 11 and the second framework 12 are joined with pins to assemble the self-supporting framework 1 using four ladder-shaped frames.

[0025] The perspective views of Figures 8 and 9 show an assembly process for attaching temporary beams 4 to a self-supporting framework 1 using three ladder-shaped frames and connecting members, and an assembly process for a framework 8 of a building. When arranging and fixing the self-supporting frameworks 1 continuously in the depth direction, first, one or more temporary beams 4 are fixed between the second frames 12 of a pair of self-supporting frameworks 1 fixed in parallel at an appropriate interval in the depth direction to the first frames 11 arranged continuously in the depth direction. Next, one end of the second frame body 12 is fitted into the end of the first frame body 11 arranged in succession and pin-joined, and the other end is continuously attached to the temporary cross member 4 and temporarily fixed. The ends of the second frame body 12 that are temporarily fixed in series and have no pin joints are continuously fixed to the connecting members 3 due to the presence of the temporary cross members 4, and the self-supporting framework 1 is continuously assembled.

[0026] Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of a triangular building frame. The self-supporting frames 1 assembled from the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 prepared above are arranged continuously in the depth direction and fixed to each other, whereby the self-supporting frame 8 of the building connected in the depth direction is assembled.

[0027] Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the state in which exterior cladding is applied to the framework of a building, taking the triangular building as an example. This is a building in which a roof finishing material 6 and a wall finishing material 7 are attached to a framework 8 of a building (see Fig. 10 above), which is made by connecting the self-supporting frameworks 1 prepared above in the depth direction.

[0028] The development in Fig. 12 shows a plan view and a cross section of the ladder-shaped frame with panel. The development in Fig. 13 shows a plan view and a cross section of the in-plane and bending stress of the ladder-shaped frame with panel. By integrally fixing the panel 5 to the plane formed by the vertical and horizontal directions of the ladder-shaped frame 10, and to the vertical members 101 and horizontal members 100 of the ladder-shaped frame with screws or the like, the rigidity (in-plane rigidity) against the vertical ladder-shaped frame vertical stress Y and the horizontal ladder-shaped frame horizontal stress X on the plane formed by the vertical and horizontal directions of the ladder-shaped frame 10 is increased, and at the same time, the panel is used to separate the inside and outside spaces of the ladder-shaped frame, and further the bending stress of the ladder-shaped frame 10 against the force (ladder-shaped frame height (thickness) direction stress) Z from the direction perpendicular to the panel is increased.

[0029] A self-supporting framework 1 can be formed by joining both ends of the belt-like continuous frame to an existing structure 9 such as a foundation. An example is shown in Fig. 14. The perspective view of Fig. 14 shows how the free-supporting framework 1 is assembled using two ladder-like frames 10 by rotating the pin joints of the first frame 11 and the second frame 12 shown in the perspective view of Fig. 3 around the axis 2 and joining the unjoined ends of the first frame 11 and the second frame of the continuous frame to an existing structure 9 with architectural hardware 21. [Industrial Applicability]

[0030] The architectural assembly frame set of the present invention can ensure sufficient structural strength in wooden buildings such as houses and sheds in which wall and roof components are unitized, does not require specialized knowledge, skills, or tools, can be assembled in a short time using a small number of components, and is an inexpensive building assembly frame unit, so it has extremely high industrial value. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1: Self-supporting framework 2: Shaft material (for pin joints) 3: Connecting parts 4: Temporary beams 5: Surface material (for ladder-shaped frame vertical and horizontal planes) 6: Roof finishing materials 7: Wall finishing material 8: Building framework with independent frameworks connected in the depth direction 9: Existing structure 10: Ladder-shaped frame 11: First frame (ladder-shaped frame - large horizontal) 12: Second frame (ladder-shaped frame - small horizontal) 21: Building hardware 31: Large connecting member 100: Ladder frame cross member 101: Vertical member of ladder-shaped frame 110: Cross member of first frame 111: Vertical member of first frame 112: Hole for pin connection at end of first frame vertical member 120: Cross member of second frame 121: Vertical member of second frame 122: Hole for pin connection at end of second frame vertical member X: Ladder frame lateral stress Y: Ladder frame longitudinal stress Z: Ladder-shaped frame height (thickness) direction stress

Claims

1. A framework set for assembling a building, comprising a ladder-shaped frame with equipment fixed at regular intervals between two pairs of long vertical members, the ladder-shaped frame being composed of a plurality of first frame bodies and a plurality of second frame bodies each having a shorter horizontal length than the first frame bodies, and the framework set for assembling a building, in which a pair of vertical members of the second frame bodies can be fitted into the opposing spaces between the pair of vertical members of the first frame bodies.

2. 2. The assembly frame set for architecture described in claim 1, characterized in that holes are drilled in the two vertical members of each of the first frame body and the second frame body, parallel to the horizontal members, at a specific and equal distance in the length direction from the end of the vertical member and at a specific and equal distance in the height direction of the vertical member, and the first frame body and the second frame body are fitted together, and the hole positions of both vertical members are aligned and a shaft member such as a bolt is inserted, thereby pin-joining the first frame body and the second frame body.

3. The frame set for assembling buildings as described in claim 2, characterized in that the first frame body and the second frame body are alternately fitted together in the longitudinal direction and pin-joined, and when the pin joints are rotated around the axis of the shaft and both ends are joined to form a polygonal self-supporting framework, if the total number of frame bodies constituting the band-shaped continuous frame body is even, the first frame bodies at both ends are fitted together and joined, and if the total number of frame bodies is odd, both ends are joined via connecting members.

4. 4. A framework set for assembling a building according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of the self-supporting frameworks are arranged in abutting contact with each other in the depth direction and fixed to each other to form the framework of the building.

5. 5. A framework set for assembling a building as described in claim 4, characterized in that, when assembling the framework of the building, one or more temporary cross members are hung between the self-supporting frameworks arranged parallel to each other in the depth direction with an appropriate gap therebetween, ladder-shaped frames of the same shape are respectively abutted on the first frame body and adjacently arranged in succession on the second frame body, the ends of the first and second frame bodies that are continuous in the vertical direction are fitted together, the ladder-shaped frames that do not form the floor of the building are placed in close contact with the temporary cross members, the hole positions of the vertical frame of the abutting first frame body and the hole positions of the vertical frame of the fitted second frame body are aligned, and bolts or other shaft members are inserted to fix them to each other, and finally, the ladder-shaped frames that are not fitted together in the vertical direction are joined together or via connecting members to assemble the framework of the building.

6. The assembly frame set for architecture as described in claim 5, characterized in that by fixing panel materials to the vertical and horizontal surfaces of the ladder-shaped frame body, the rigidity within the plane defined by the vertical and horizontal directions is increased, and further the bending stress in the height direction is increased.

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