Evaluation method and evaluation device

Abstract

To enable quantitative evaluation of chalk marks.SOLUTION: An evaluation method disclosed herein is for evaluating scratches on a surface of an evaluation target base material. The evaluation method comprises acquiring an image of the surface of the evaluation target base material, extracting a first range with scratches and a second range without scratches from the image, computing a difference between a luminance value of the first range and a luminance value of the second range, and obtaining an evaluation result based on the difference.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an evaluation method and an evaluation device for evaluating the surface of a substrate. [Background technology]

[0002] The surface of a substrate may be evaluated to evaluate a composition, etc. For example, a method for evaluating the surface of a substrate may involve scratching the substrate with a friction tester, and evaluating the substrate based on the scratches generated on the substrate surface (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2023-33719 A [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2021-195407 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the above-mentioned evaluation methods, the evaluation is performed visually, and it is not possible to quantitatively evaluate the surface of the substrate.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus capable of quantitatively evaluating the surface of a substrate. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The evaluation method of the present disclosure is a method for evaluating scratches on a surface of a substrate to be evaluated, comprising the steps of: Obtaining an image of the surface of the substrate to be evaluated; A first area having a scratch and a second area having no scratch are extracted from the image, calculating a difference between the luminance values ​​in the first range and the luminance values ​​in the second range; obtaining an evaluation result based on the difference; Evaluation method.

[0007] In the evaluation method, before obtaining the image, a terminal of a friction tester may be moved back and forth on a surface of the substrate to be evaluated, thereby scratching the surface of the substrate.

[0008] In the evaluation method, the substrate may be a textile.

[0009] In the evaluation method, the scratch may be a chalk mark on a textile.

[0010] In the evaluation method, the image may be an image captured by a photographing device in which an optical axis of light irradiated from a light source onto the base material is set coaxially with a photographing axis of a camera.

[0011] In the evaluation method, the evaluation object may be scratched in a linear area having a width of 10 mm or less by the friction tester.

[0012] In the evaluation method, the terminal may be moved back and forth 10 times or less.

[0013] The evaluation method may involve scratching a surface of the substrate to be evaluated at a predetermined position by reciprocating a terminal with a predetermined load using the friction tester.

[0014] In the evaluation method, the predetermined load may be in the range of 100 g to 4000 g.

[0015] In the evaluation method, the predetermined load may be in the range of 1500 g to 4000 g.

[0016] The evaluation device of the present disclosure has an arithmetic circuit and is an evaluation device for evaluating scratches on a surface of a substrate to be evaluated, obtaining an image of a surface of the substrate; The arithmetic circuit extracts a first area having a flaw and a second area having no flaw from the image, calculating a difference between the luminance values ​​in the first range and the luminance values ​​in the second range; outputting an evaluation result based on the difference; Evaluation equipment.

[0017] These general and specific aspects may be realized by a system, a method, and a computer program, as well as combinations thereof. Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to the evaluation method and evaluation device of the present disclosure, the surface of a substrate can be quantitatively evaluated. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an evaluation device. [Figure 2A] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an evaluation target. [Figure 2B] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an area of ​​an evaluation target extracted from the evaluation target. [Figure 2C] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing another example of an area of ​​an evaluation target extracted from the evaluation target. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining coaxial lighting, showing a coaxial lighting device and an imaging device. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a data configuration diagram illustrating evaluation data. [Diagram 5] 11 is a flowchart illustrating the process of an evaluation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The evaluation method and the evaluation device according to the embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following, the evaluation method and the evaluation device will be described using an example of evaluating chalk marks on a textile. In addition, in the following description, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description will be omitted.

[0021] In this disclosure, a "substrate" can be a textile, leather, wrapping paper, nonwoven fabric, etc. Typically, the substrate is a textile. The substrate to be evaluated is treated with a repellent.

[0022] "Repellent" refers to a material that is applied to a substrate, typically the surface of the substrate, for the purpose of repelling water, oil, or the like.

[0023] A "chalk mark" is a line that appears on the surface of a substrate as a result of rubbing against another object. Chalk marks are used to evaluate the quality of substrates.

[0024] Evaluation subject and friction tester As described above, in this disclosure, an example will be described in which the substrate to be evaluated is a processed textile that has been treated with a repellent. Also, the evaluation device 1, which will be described later with reference to FIG. 1, performs evaluation using chalk marks made on the textile. The chalk marks on the textile to be evaluated are processed using a general friction tester, as will be described later.

[0025] Figure 2A shows an example in which three chalk marks M are added near the center of a textile T. The spacing between the three chalk marks M is set, and their positions are fixed. This makes it possible to accurately extract a first area A1 with chalk marks and a second area A2 without chalk marks, as shown in Figure 2B, and use these for evaluation.

[0026] Here, the first area A1 includes only the scratched areas and does not include the areas without scratches. That is, the first area A1 includes only the chalk mark areas. In FIG. 2B, for ease of understanding, the first area A1 is surrounded by dashed lines including the areas without chalk marks. Also, the second area A2 includes only the areas without scratches and does not include the scratched areas. That is, the second area A2 includes only the areas without chalk marks.

[0027] As shown in Fig. 2B, the shape and size of the first area A1 and the second area may be different. Although not shown, the shape and size of the first area A1 and the second area may be the same. For example, when multiple chalk marks are added, multiple first areas A11 to A13 may be set as shown in Fig. 2C. Note that, although the example shown in Figs. 2A and 2B shows an example in which three chalk marks are added, the number of chalk marks and the method of adding them are not limited.

[0028] Since the positions and sizes of the first range A1 and the second range are predetermined, it becomes possible for the user to use information on the first range A1 and the second range A2 at the timing of each evaluation without having to select a range from the image.

[0029] Friction testing machine In the present disclosure, the friction tester can apply chalk marks to the textile by moving a terminal in a straight line on the textile treated with the repellent. The friction tester applies chalk marks to a predetermined position on the target textile. At this time, the target textile may be a textile of a predetermined size. The friction tester can also apply chalk marks to a predetermined position on a textile of a predetermined size.

[0030] The friction tester applies chalk marks to the textile in a linear range of, for example, 10 mm or less in width. More specifically, the friction tester applies chalk marks to the textile in a linear range of 5 mm or less in width. If the width is large, the width will be far from the chalk marks that appear on general textiles. Therefore, the friction tester applies chalk marks of 10 mm or less, preferably 5 mm or less.

[0031] For example, the friction tester may move the terminal back and forth when moving the terminal on the textile. In this case, the friction tester preferably puts the chalk mark when the terminal moves back and forth 10 times or less. For example, the number of times of the back and forth movement of the terminal of the friction tester may be 3 times or more and less than 5 times. Also, for example, the number of times of the back and forth movement of the terminal of the friction tester may be 2 times or more and less than 3 times. Furthermore, the number of times of the back and forth movement of the terminal of the friction tester may be less than 2 times. Alternatively, the number of times of the back and forth movement of the terminal of the friction tester may be less than 1 time. More preferably, the friction tester puts the chalk mark when the terminal moves in one direction. By moving the terminal multiple times on the textile, the chalk mark may become thick. Also, by moving the terminal multiple times on the textile, multiple chalk marks may be processed multiple times.

[0032] For example, a friction tester applies a predetermined load to the terminal and moves the terminal linearly across the textile, which can prevent variability when evaluating multiple targets.

[0033] Specifically, the predetermined load may be in the range of 100 to 4000 g. More specifically, the predetermined load may be in the range of 1500 to 4000 g. This is because if the load is large, the chalk mark may be wider than the chalk mark that occurs on a general textile. Also, if the load is small, the chalk mark may be thinner than the chalk mark that occurs on a general textile, and quantitative evaluation may not be possible.

[0034] The friction tester puts chalk marks on the textile at a specific position with a terminal. For example, the friction tester puts a chalk mark of 30 mm length on the center line of a 100m x 100m textile. The friction tester also puts chalk marks 10 mm apart from each other and parallel to the chalk marks.

[0035] In this way, by applying chalk marks to the textile to be evaluated under predetermined conditions using a friction tester, it is possible to reduce the variability in the chalk marks applied to the textile to be evaluated, and therefore the variability in the evaluation results.

[0036] The friction tester is also called an abrasion tester or a friction and wear tester.

[0037] 《Coaxial lighting》 Next, the illumination for acquiring image data used in the evaluation device will be described. The evaluation device 1 (described later) shown in FIG. 1 uses image data of the surface of the substrate photographed by the photographing device 2. Here, the photographing device 2 preferably uses coaxial illumination for photographing the surface of the substrate. The coaxial illumination is illumination that irradiates light on the same axis as the photographing axis (camera axis) of the photographing device, and may be illumination in which the irradiated light from the light source 31 is incorporated in the optical path of the lens 21 of the photographing device 2, as shown in FIG. 3 as an example. Specifically, the coaxial illumination is illumination in which the light from the light source 31 is reflected by the half mirror 32 and irradiated on the evaluation object, as shown in FIG. 3. In this disclosure, as described above, the evaluation object is a textile T treated with a repellent. Here, a configuration including the light source 31 and the half mirror 32 used in this coaxial illumination is referred to as a coaxial illumination device 3.

[0038] Evaluation Device Next, an evaluation device 1 according to an embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1. The evaluation device 1 has a calculation circuit and is an evaluation device for evaluating scratches on the surface of a substrate to be evaluated, Obtaining an image of the surface of the substrate; The arithmetic circuit 11 extracts a first area A1 having a flaw and a second area A2 having no flaw from the image, A difference between the luminance value of the first range A1 and the luminance value of the second range A2 is calculated; An evaluation result is output based on the difference.

[0039] The evaluation device 1 is an information processing device including an arithmetic circuit 11, a storage device 12, and a communication circuit 13. The arithmetic circuit 11 is a controller that controls the entire evaluation device 1. For example, the arithmetic circuit 11 realizes various processes related to the evaluation by reading and executing an evaluation program P stored in the storage device 12. The arithmetic circuit 11 may realize a predetermined function by cooperation between hardware and software, or may be a hardware circuit designed specifically to realize a predetermined function. For example, the arithmetic circuit 11 may be realized by a CPU, an MPU, a GPU, an FPGA, a DSP, an ASIC, or the like.

[0040] The communication circuit 13 is an interface circuit (module) that enables data communication with an external device via the network 4. For example, the communication circuit 13 may execute data communication with the photographing device 2 that captures image data. The communication circuit 13 may also execute data communication with other external devices.

[0041] The evaluation device 1 may include an input device 14 and an output device 15. The input device 14 may be an operation button, a mouse, a keyboard, etc., used for inputting operation signals and data. The output device 15 may be a display, etc., used for outputting processing results and data.

[0042] The storage device 12 is a recording medium for recording various information. The storage device 12 is realized, for example, by a RAM, a ROM, a flash memory, a solid state drive (SSD), a hard disk, or other storage device, or an appropriate combination of these. The storage device 12 stores various data and the like in addition to the evaluation program P executed by the arithmetic circuit 11. For example, the storage device 12 stores evaluation data 121, image data 122, result data 123, and the evaluation program P.

[0043] The evaluation data 121 is data used for evaluating textiles. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, the evaluation data 121 associates a plurality of evaluation levels with a luminance range corresponding to each evaluation level. Here, since the evaluation data 121 differs depending on the conditions of the base material, it is preferable that the evaluation data 121 is generated for each condition of the base material, etc.

[0044] The image data 122 is image data obtained by photographing the textile to be evaluated. The image data may be a monochrome image (8-bit gray image). By making it a monochrome image, it becomes easier to compare the luminance values ​​of the first range A1 and the second range A2, which will be described later.

[0045] The result data 123 is data indicating the evaluation result of the textile obtained from the image data 122 .

[0046] The arithmetic circuit 11 acquires image data 122 from the photographing device 2. The image data 122 is an image of the surface of the textile to be evaluated. A chalk mark is made on the surface of the textile.

[0047] The arithmetic circuit 11 extracts a first area A1 with a chalk mark and a second area A2 without a chalk mark from the image data 122. As described above with reference to FIG. 2B, the size of the textile T to be evaluated is fixed. In addition, the position of the chalk mark M on the surface of the textile T is also fixed. Therefore, the position of the first area A1 and the position of the second area A2 can be identified based on the size and position.

[0048] The arithmetic circuit 11 calculates the luminance of the first range A1 as a first luminance value. The arithmetic circuit 11 also calculates the luminance of the second range A2 as a second luminance value. Specifically, the arithmetic circuit 11 calculates the average value of the luminance values ​​of each pixel in the first range A1 as the first luminance value. The arithmetic circuit 11 also calculates the average value of the luminance values ​​of each pixel in the second range A2 as the second luminance value.

[0049] The arithmetic circuit 11 determines the difference between the first luminance value and the second luminance value.

[0050] 2C, when a plurality of first ranges A11-A13 are set, for example, the arithmetic circuit 11 first calculates the difference between each of the first ranges A11-A13 and the second range A2. Then, the arithmetic circuit 11 can set the average of the calculated differences A11-A13 as the difference between the first luminance value and the second luminance value.

[0051] The arithmetic circuit 11 determines, as an evaluation result, an evaluation level that corresponds to a range that includes the calculated difference in the evaluation data 121. The arithmetic circuit 11 also outputs the determined evaluation result to the output device 15.

[0052] Here, the evaluation device 1 may be realized by one computer or by a combination of multiple computers connected via a network. Although not shown in the figures, for example, all or part of the data stored in the storage device 12 may be stored in an external recording medium connected via a network, and the evaluation device 1 may be configured to use the data stored in the external recording medium.

[0053] Evaluation Method The evaluation method according to the embodiment is a method for evaluating scratches on a surface of a substrate to be evaluated, comprising the steps of: Obtaining an image of the surface of the substrate to be evaluated; A first area having a scratch and a second area having no scratch are extracted from the image, calculating a difference between the luminance values ​​in the first range and the luminance values ​​in the second range; The evaluation result is obtained based on the difference. Evaluation method.

[0054] Hereinafter, an evaluation method using the evaluation device 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in Fig. 5. Note that the flowchart shown in Fig. 5 includes a step of applying chalk marks to a textile using a friction tester and a step of photographing the textile, prior to a series of evaluation steps performed by the evaluation device 1.

[0055] First, before the evaluation, a chalk mark is applied to the textile to be evaluated using a friction tester (S01). The chalk mark is applied under predetermined conditions.

[0056] Next, the photographing device 2 photographs the textile on which the chalk marks were made in step S01 (S02).

[0057] When a chalk mark is made in step S01 and an image is taken in step S02, a series of processes related to evaluation are executed using the evaluation device 1.

[0058] The arithmetic circuit 11 acquires the image data 122 captured by the photographing device 2 in step S02 (S03). The arithmetic circuit 11 causes the storage device 12 to store the image data 122.

[0059] The arithmetic circuit 11 extracts a first area A1 with a chalk mark and a second area without a chalk mark from the image data 122 acquired in step S03 (S04). Since the positions and sizes of the first area A1 and the second area on the textile are predetermined, the arithmetic circuit 11 can use the information on the first area A1 and the second area A2 without the user needing to operate the image.

[0060] The arithmetic circuit 11 calculates a first luminance value and a second luminance value from the first range A1 and the second range A2 extracted in step S04, respectively (S05). Specifically, the arithmetic circuit 11 calculates the average of the luminance values ​​of each pixel in the first range A1 as the first luminance value. The arithmetic circuit 11 also calculates the average of the luminance values ​​of each pixel in the second range A2 as the second luminance value.

[0061] The arithmetic circuit 11 calculates the difference between the first luminance value and the second luminance value calculated in step S05 (S06). For example, in the case of light-colored fabric, the conventional evaluation using color changes in a color image is difficult to understand. In contrast, evaluation using luminance values ​​allows evaluation without being influenced by color. Therefore, by using a monochrome image for the image data 122, the difference between the first luminance value and the second luminance value becomes easy to understand.

[0062] The arithmetic circuit 11 refers to the evaluation data 121 stored in the storage device 12, and determines an evaluation result according to the difference found in step S06 (S07).

[0063] The arithmetic circuit 11 outputs the evaluation result determined in step S07 (S08). For example, the arithmetic circuit 11 may output the evaluation result to the output device 15. Also, for example, the arithmetic circuit 11 may output the evaluation result to an external device connected via the communication circuit 13.

[0064] In this manner, the evaluation method and evaluation device according to the present disclosure evaluate the object using the luminance of the chalk mark, thereby making it possible to quantitatively evaluate the chalk mark by utilizing the correspondence between the predetermined luminance and the evaluation level.

[0065] <Experimental Example> For example, a treated cloth treated with a repellent was used as the evaluation target. The treated cloth was a nylon, polyester or spandex fabric (spandex as necessary). The size of the treated cloth was 100 mm x 100 mm. The experimental conditions and results are shown in Tables 2.1 to 5.

[0066] Experimental Examples 1 to 13 are examples in which chalk marks were made using a friction tester. Table 2-1 shows the experimental results for repellent A. Table 2-2 shows the experimental results for repellent B and repellent C. Table 2-3 shows the experimental results for repellent D and repellent E.

[0067] A commonly used friction tester (product name: Friction Player FPR2200, manufactured by Rhesca Co., Ltd.) was used as the friction tester. In the friction tester, a cylindrical probe (diameter 5 mm) was pressed against the surface of the processed cloth, and the surface was rubbed once. The friction load was 3000 g. The moving speed of the probe was 30 mm / s, and the moving distance was 30 mm. In the friction tester, friction was performed on three points at 10 mm intervals on one piece of processed cloth under the same conditions. In the table below, the first chalk mark is n1, the second chalk mark is n2, and the third chalk mark is n3.

[0068] The evaluation level, which is the result of the experimental example, is calculated using the brightness of each chalk mark. Specifically, the evaluation level is calculated using the evaluation data 121 described above with reference to FIG. 4. The evaluation data 121 used for the evaluation level of the experimental result is shown in Table 1. [Table 1]

[0069] The visual evaluation of the chalk marks was expressed using the following values ​​of 1 to 5. Depending on the condition, intermediate values ​​(for example, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, etc.) were used. 5: I can't see the trail 4: The trail is barely visible 3: The trail appears faint 2: You can see the trajectory 1: The trail appears a little dark

[0070] [Table 2-1]

[0071] [Table 2-2]

[0072] [Table 2-3]

[0073] Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are examples in which chalk marks were made with a person's fingernail. Table 3 shows the experimental results of Comparative Examples 1 to 4. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are examples in which the same repellent A as in Experimental Examples 1 to 5 was used. Comparative Examples 3 and 4 are examples in which the same repellent B as in Experimental Examples 6 and 7 was used. When making chalk marks with a person's fingernail, the test cloth was placed on a flat surface and the surface of the test cloth was lightly scratched with a fingernail.

[0074] [Table 3]

[0075] Comparative Example 5 is an example in which the surface was rubbed 100 times using the friction tester used in Experimental Example 1. Other conditions were the same as those in Experimental Example 1. Table 4 shows the experimental results for Comparative Example 5.

[0076] [Table 4]

[0077] Comparative Examples 6 to 7 are examples in which the load was changed using the friction tester used in Experimental Example 1. Table 5 shows the experimental results of Comparative Examples 6 to 7. The load in Comparative Example 6 was 50 g. The load in Comparative Example 7 was 6000 g. Other conditions were the same as in Experimental Example 1.

[0078] [Table 5]

[0079] <Effects and supplements> As described above, the above embodiment has been described as an example of the technology disclosed in the present application. However, the technology in the present disclosure is not limited to this, and can be applied to embodiments in which modifications, substitutions, additions, omissions, etc. are made as appropriate.

[0080] The evaluation method and evaluation device recited in all claims of the present disclosure are realized by hardware resources, such as a processor, a memory, and cooperation with a computer program. [Industrial Applicability]

[0081] The evaluation method and evaluation device of the present disclosure are useful for quantitatively evaluating the surface of a substrate.

[0082] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-187049, filed in Japan on October 31, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Explanation of symbols]

[0083] 1. Evaluation device 11 Arithmetic circuit 12 Storage device 13 Communication Circuits 14 Input Devices 15 Output Devices 121 Evaluation Data 122 Image data 123 Results Data 2. Imaging Device 3 Coaxial lighting device

Claims

1. A method for evaluating scratches on a surface of a substrate to be evaluated, comprising the steps of: Obtaining an image of the surface of the substrate to be evaluated; A first area having a scratch and a second area having no scratch are extracted from the image, Calculating a difference between the luminance values ​​in the first range and the luminance values ​​in the second range; obtaining an evaluation result based on the difference; Evaluation method.

2. Before obtaining the image, a terminal of a friction tester is moved back and forth on the surface of the substrate to be evaluated, thereby scratching the surface of the substrate. The evaluation method according to claim 1 .

3. The substrate is a textile. The evaluation method according to claim 1 .

4. The flaw is a chalk mark on the textile The evaluation method according to claim 3.

5. The image is an image captured by a photographing device in which the optical axis of the light irradiated from the light source to the base material is set to be coaxial with the photographing axis of the camera. The evaluation method according to claim 1 .

6. The friction tester is used to scratch the evaluation object in a linear range of 10 mm or less in width. The evaluation method according to claim 2.

7. The number of reciprocations of the terminal is 10 or less. The evaluation method according to claim 2.

8. Using the friction tester, a terminal is moved back and forth under a predetermined load to scratch a predetermined position on the surface of the substrate to be evaluated. The evaluation method according to claim 2.

9. The predetermined load is in the range of 100 g to 4000 g. The evaluation method according to claim 8.

10. The predetermined load is in the range of 1500g to 4000g. The evaluation method according to claim 8.

11. An evaluation device having an arithmetic circuit and for evaluating scratches on a surface of a substrate to be evaluated, obtaining an image of a surface of the substrate; The arithmetic circuit extracts a first area having a flaw and a second area having no flaw from the image, Calculating a difference between the luminance values ​​in the first range and the luminance values ​​in the second range; outputting an evaluation result based on the difference; Evaluation equipment.

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