Method for ecologically repairing heavy metal contaminated soil at original position

Abstract

To provide a method for ecologically repairing heavy metal contaminated soil at an original position.SOLUTION: A method includes the following steps: pretreatment S1 of mildly tilling, plowing, and rotationally plowing a region to be repaired, and then drying the region with natural air, fermentation treatment S2 of piling up the soil in a conical soil pile, mixing the soil with fermentation bacteria, coarse sand, and charcoal powder, and naturally fermenting the mixture for 10 to 20 days, plant concentration treatment S3 of sequentially planting herbaceous plants, trees, and leguminosae crops in the soil, and concentrating / purifying heavy metal in the soil, fungi concentration treatment S4 of planting fungi in the soil and concentrating / purifying the heavy metal in the soil, disinfection and sterilization treatment S5, and pH adjustment treatment S6. The repair method reduces transfer of a heavy metal substance, and can protect environment and an ecological system at the maximum.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, specifically to the in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. How to repair it. [Background technology]

[0002] Commonly used methods for remediating soil heavy metal contamination include the soil dressing method, lime, and chlorine. Methods such as the application of chlorine compounds and chemical leaching methods play a role in the remediation or remediation of contaminated soils. However, in practice, there are often some limitations. For example, the process is complicated, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. Powerful, costly, easily damages soil structure and fertility, low concentration, wide range of soils In the case of heavy metal contamination, the above methods are not suitable for treatment. In-situ soil remediation is the direct purification and remediation of contaminated soil without excavating or moving the soil. This reduces the risk of secondary contamination and transportation costs, making it an environmentally friendly and effective soil remediation technique. Soil in-situ remediation is a technique that contributes to environmental protection, resource conservation, improved remediation efficiency, and the promotion of sustainable development. Therefore, the present invention provides an in situ ecological remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soils. This provides a method for Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows: A method for in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil comprises the following steps: S1, preprocessing: First, the heavy metal contaminated soil was gently tilled to a depth of 1.5-2.0 m, and then plowed. The depth is 0.5-0.8 m, and the soil is ploughed a total of 2-5 times, then rototilled 2-3 times, and finally The soil is air-dried for 15 to 30 days to obtain pretreated soil. The heavy metals are lead, zinc, or cadmium. can be, Here, gentle tillage, plowing and rotary tillage are soil cultivation methods commonly used in agricultural production. Tillage is loosening the soil mechanically or by hand to improve soil structure and aeration. Tillage is the process of using a plow or other farm implement to scoop up, loosen, and turn over the soil. Rotary tillage is a method of cultivation, and it is a method of leveling land using rotary tillage. The depth of rotary tillage is Usually shallow, 12-15cm. S2, fermentation treatment: Fermentation bacteria, coarse sand, and charcoal powder were mixed into the surface layer of the pretreated soil, and the surface layer of the soil was placed in a cone shape. During the process of piling the conical soil pile, A layer of straw powder 3-5 cm thick was laid every 20-30 cm along the vertical direction of the tube, and 10 After natural fermentation for 20 days, the fermented soil is obtained. Here, the thickness of the surface soil is 0.5 to 0.8 m, and the amount of fermentation bacteria mixed is 10 to 20 g. / Kg, the amount of coarse sand mixed is 15-30kg / t, and the particle size of the coarse sand is 0.5- 2mm, and the amount of charcoal powder mixed is 5-10kg / t, and the bottom of the conical soil pile The diameter of the base is 1.5 to 2.0 m, and the height is 0.8 to 1.5 m. S3, plant enrichment treatment: The soil after the fermentation treatment is plowed to a depth of 0.5 to 0.8 m, and then herbaceous plants are planted. The spacing between herbaceous plants is 0.1-0.5m. After the herbaceous plants have grown for two years, they are rooted out. Remove it, The soil was then re-cultivated to a depth of 0.5-0.8m, and trees were replanted with a spacing of 100cm. The spacing is 1 to 3 m, and legumes are planted between the trees during the tree growth period. The spacing between the trees is 0.2 to 0.4 m. After the trees have grown for 4 to 6 years, they are uprooted and replanted. Obtain soil after enrichment treatment, S4, fungal enrichment treatment: The soil after the plant enrichment treatment was plowed to a depth of 0.5-0.8 m, and then the fungus was planted. After three years, the plants were uprooted and the soil treated with fungal enrichment was obtained. S5, Disinfection and sterilization treatment: 1-2 kg / m 2 After fungal treatment, a 95% alcohol solution was applied to the soil. Pour the alcohol into the fire, and the sterilizing and disinfecting properties of the alcohol itself and the burning of the alcohol will The soil is disinfected and sterilized at high temperatures by using a disinfectant. S6, pH adjustment treatment: 1-2 kg / m 2 Add wood ash to the soil after disinfection and sterilization at the dosage of The soil is plowed to a depth of 0.5-0.8m, and wood ash and soil are thoroughly mixed. Complete the ecological restoration of the soil. In one aspect of the present invention, in step S1, the soil is tilled every 2 to 3 days during the natural air-drying period. The tillage depth is 0.5 to 0.8 m. In one embodiment of the present invention, in S2, holes with a diameter of 2 to 3 cm and a depth of 0. A 2m vertical ventilation hole was opened and water was supplied to the conical soil pile by mist sprinkling. The soil moisture content of the top 10-20cm of the conical soil pile is maintained at 60-65wt%. During this period, the conical soil pile is covered with insulating plastic film. In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the fermentation bacterium is Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, Bacteria, Bacillus clausii, Bacillus indigotica, Bacillus licheniformis Enterococcus faecalis, or Clostridium butyricum. It is selected. In one aspect of the present invention, in S3, the herbaceous plants are a first herbaceous plant, a second herbaceous plant, a third herbaceous plant, a fourth herbaceous plant, a fifth herbaceous plant, a sixth ... and 3 herbaceous plants, wherein the plant ratio of the first herbaceous plant to the second herbaceous plant to the third herbaceous plant is 1:1: 1, wherein the first herbaceous plant, the second herbaceous plant, and the third herbaceous plant are planted in a uniform mixture; The first herbaceous plant is Tephrosia candida, Lamium purpureum, Bidens maximowiczii Witchia, Saccharum officinalis, Vetiver, Green Wild Amaranth, Bidens maximo Vitchiana, Tradescantia, Alewife, Conical Mustard, Red Select from one of the following: The second herbaceous plant is selected from the group consisting of Indian mustard, rue, turnip, camellia sasanqua, and purple loosestrife. is selected from one of the following: The third herbaceous plant may be Poinsettia cordifolia, Lesser Flower Lobelia, or Friuliella serrata. Chilaria, Merchantland, Lobelia, Bulbous Nasturtium, Purple Jasmine, Choose from either Jack-o'-the-Wild or Bidens pilosa. Here, the first herbaceous plant is used mainly to concentrate lead, and the second herbaceous plant is used mainly to concentrate zinc. The third herbaceous plant is primarily used to concentrate cadmium. In one aspect of the present invention, in step S3, the tree is a poplar tree, a pear tree, a Longjing tea tree, or the like. or acacia trees, and the legume crop is selected from one or more of white lupin, , chickpeas, black beans, peanuts, and red kidney beans. In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the fungus comprises a first fungus, a second fungus, and a third fungus. The soil after plowing in S4 is divided into three equal-sized regions according to the area. These are referred to as the first area, the second area, and the third area, respectively. First, a first fungus is planted in a first region, a second fungus in a second region, and a third fungus in a third region. The fungus is planted, and after a year, it is uprooted. The second fungus is then replanted in the first area, the third fungus in the second area, and the first fungus in the third area. The fungus was replanted and then uprooted a year later. The third fungus is then replanted in the first area, the first fungus in the second area, and the second fungus in the third area. The fungus was replanted and then uprooted a year later. The first fungus is Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus blazei, Agaricus nigricans, ...bisporus, Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus blazei, Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus bisporus Choose from any one of the umbrellas, The second fungus is selected from any one of wood ear fungus, chestnut mushroom, mushroom, and bamboo fungus. R, The third fungus is selected from the group consisting of shiitake mushroom, Naganetake mushroom, phoenix mushroom, Tricholoma giganteum, and umbrella mushroom. One is selected. Here, the first fungus is used primarily to concentrate lead, and the second fungus is used primarily to concentrate zinc. The third fungus is primarily used to concentrate cadmium. [Effects of the Invention]

[0004] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The ecological restoration method of the present invention is environmentally sustainable, and the restoration of the restoration method can save materials. It reduces the transfer and emission of waste, maximizes the protection of the environment and ecosystem integrity, and promotes the sustainable repair of the environment. Achieve revenge. 2. The ecological restoration method of the present invention is low-cost and highly efficient, compared with traditional soil allotopic restoration methods. The restoration method utilizes the restorative capacity of natural ecosystems and does not require large-scale soil excavation and replacement. It also reduces the consumption of manpower, material resources and financial resources. 3. The ecological restoration method of the present invention can better protect the soil structure and has no adverse effects on the soil structure. It can reduce the damage caused by soil microbial growth by improving the soil ecological environment. It can promote growth and activity, improve the soil's own repair ability, and Contributes to the maintenance of fertility and sustainable use. 4. The ecological restoration method of the present invention has multi-functionality and can not only restore the problem of heavy metal contamination in soil. In addition, it can provide other additional ecological services, such as planting plants and trees. This improves the soil's water retention capacity and resistance to wind erosion, reducing soil erosion and dust storms. It is possible. 5. The ecological restoration method of the present invention is characterized by its high feasibility, and the restoration method is comparatively The process is simple and widely applicable to many kinds of heavy metals such as lead, zinc, cadmium, etc. It is possible to simultaneously remediate any genetic contamination. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Example 1: A method for in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil comprising the following steps: : S1, preprocessing: First, the soil co-contaminated with lead, zinc, and cadmium was gently tilled to a depth of 1.8 m. Then, the tillage was carried out, and the tillage depth was 0.6 m. After three plowing passes, the tillage was carried out three times. Finally, The soil was air-dried for 25 days, and then plowed every 3 days to a depth of 0.6 m. This gives pretreated soil, S2, fermentation treatment: The surface layer of the pretreated soil was mixed with fermentation bacteria, coarse sand, and charcoal powder. The fermentation bacteria was a commercially available Bacillus subtilis. The surface soil was piled into a cone-shaped soil pile. During the process of building the conical soil pile, the conical soil pile is vertically moved at a rate of 25cm. A layer of straw powder was laid at a thickness of 4 cm for every 100 m, and the soil was left to ferment naturally for 15 days. , A vent hole with a hole diameter of 3 cm and a hole depth of 0.2 m was opened vertically on the conical soil pile, and mist watering was performed. The soil moisture content of the top 15cm of the conical soil pile is The soil density was maintained at 62 wt% and a thermal plastic fill was placed on the conical soil pile during the nighttime. Cover with Here, the thickness of the surface soil is 0.6 m, the amount of fermentation bacteria mixed is 15 g / kg, and the soil is coarse. The amount of sand mixed is 25 kg / t, the particle size of the coarse sand is 1 mm, and the amount of charcoal powder mixed is The soil load is 8 kg / t, the bottom diameter of the conical soil pile is 1.8 m, and the height is 1.2 m. the law of nature, S3, plant enrichment treatment: The soil after fermentation treatment was plowed to a depth of 0.6 m, and then herbaceous plants were planted. The spacing between plants is 0.3m. After the herbaceous plants have grown for two years, they are uprooted. Here, the herbaceous plant includes a first herbaceous plant, a second herbaceous plant, and a third herbaceous plant, The ratio of the second herbaceous plant to the third herbaceous plant is 1:1:1, and the ratio of the first herbaceous plant to the second herbaceous plant is 1:1:1. , the third herbaceous plant is planted evenly mixed, The first herbaceous plant is Tephrosia candida, and the second herbaceous plant is Indian mustard. The third herbaceous plant is Poinsettia cordifolia. The soil was then re-cultivated to a depth of 0.6 m, and poplar trees were replanted. The spacing is 2m, and white lupins are planted between the poplar trees during their growing period. The spacing between the trees was 0.3 m. After the poplar trees had grown for five years, they were uprooted and allowed to grow. Obtain the soil after the condensation treatment, S4, fungal enrichment treatment: The soil after the plant enrichment treatment was plowed to a depth of 0.6 m. The soil after the plowing was The area is divided into three equal 3m x 3m areas, designated as Area 1, Area 2, and Area 3. Inscribed in the area, First, plant pig larvae in the first area, wood ear mushrooms in the second area, and shiitake mushrooms in the third area. planted, and a year later, uprooted them. Next, Kuritake mushrooms were replanted in the first area, Naganetake mushrooms were replanted in the second area, and Agari mushrooms were replanted in the third area. The Cus bisporus was replanted and then uprooted after one year. Next, replant umbrella mushrooms in the first area, replant Agaricus blazei in the second area, and replant Agaricus blazei in the third area. The bamboo fungus was replanted inside, and after a year it was uprooted. S5, Disinfection and sterilization treatment: 1.5kg / m 2 After fungal treatment, a 95% alcohol solution was applied to the soil. Pour the alcohol into the container and burn it. The alcohol itself has a sterilizing and disinfecting effect, and the alcohol combustion The soil is disinfected and sterilized at a high temperature to obtain the disinfected and sterilized soil. S6, pH adjustment treatment: 1.3kg / m 2 Wood ash was added to the soil after disinfection and sterilization at the dosage of 100g, and the soil was tilled six times. The tillage depth was 0.6m, and wood ash and soil were thoroughly mixed. Complete the restoration. Since 2013, the area of ​​the city has increased by 1.7 km 2 Heavy metal remediation tests conducted on contaminated land Before remediation, the contents of lead, zinc, and cadmium in the soil of the area were measured, and the results are shown in the table below. 1 shown in: Table 1. Initial contents of lead, zinc, and cadmium in local soil TIFF2025161729000001.tif27153 After 10 years of remediation, the heavy metal content of the soil in the area was measured and the results are shown in Table 2 below: Table 2. Contents of lead, zinc, and cadmium in the soil of the area after remediation TIFF2025161729000002.tif26152 As can be seen from the results in Table 2, the method of Example 1 of the present invention was used to treat heavy metal contaminated soil in situ. After ecological restoration, the contents of lead, zinc and cadmium in the soil in the area were significantly reduced. The average lead content was 7 mg / kg, the average zinc content was 13 mg / kg, and the average cadmium content was 13 mg / kg. The average heavy metal content was 0.6 mg / kg, and the heavy metal content returned to normal levels in agricultural land. The site-based ecological remediation method achieved a lead removal rate of 99.27% ​​and a zinc removal rate of 98.08%. The cadmium removal rate reached 99.45%. Example 2: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: In S1, the gentle tillage depth is 1.5 m, the tillage depth was 0.5 m, and the tillage was performed twice and rotary tillage was performed twice. Example 3: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: In S1, the gentle tillage depth is 2.0 m, the tillage depth was 0.8 m, and five plowing passes were performed and three rotational tilling passes were performed. Example 4: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: S1 was air-dried for 15 days. During the natural air-drying period, the soil was plowed every two days to a depth of 0.8 m. Got it. Example 5: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: In S1, the sample was air-dried for 30 days. The soil was then plowed for three days, followed by natural air drying, to a depth of 0.5 m. . To verify the effects of different pretreatment methods on the in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil, In heavy metal remediation tests of dyed soil, the same contents of lead, zinc, and cadmium were used as control tests. A large number of contaminated lands were set up, each with an area of ​​1 km 2 and lead, zinc, cadmium The lead, zinc and cadmium contents were adjusted to 965±5mg / kg (lead), 678±5mg / kg (cadmium). ±5mg / kg (zinc) and 113±5mg / kg (cadmium), and the results are shown in Table 1. After restoration, the heavy metal content of the soil in the area was measured, and the results are shown in Table 3 below: Table 3. Lead, zinc, and cadmium contents in the soil of the area after remediation TIFF2025161729000003.tif49154 As can be seen from the results in Table 3, different pretreatment methods were effective in in-situ ecological remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil. The treatment effects of Examples 3 and 4 are almost the same as those of Example 1. Therefore, the removal rates of lead, zinc, and cadmium in Examples 2 and 5 were significantly lower than those in Example 1. This has led to the reduction of the depth and frequency of gentle tillage, plowing and rotary tillage, and the extension of the tillage interval. However, when the tillage depth is reduced, the pretreatment effect is reduced. Therefore, the treatment effects of Examples 3, 4 and 1 are good, but Example 3 Considering that gentle tillage, plowing, and rotary tillage require a lot of processing labor, Example 4 requires more processing labor for plowing. Considering these factors, the overall effect of Example 1 is relatively superior. Example 6: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: In S2, a conical soil pile A 3cm thick layer of powdered straw is laid every 20cm along the vertical direction. Example 7: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: In S2, a conical soil pile Spread a 5cm thick layer of straw powder every 30cm along the vertical direction. Example 8: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: In S2, the natural fermentation time is 1 0 days. Example 9: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: In S2, the natural fermentation time is 2 0 days. Example 10: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the thickness of the surface soil is 0.5 m. The amount of fermentation bacteria mixed is 10g / Kg, the amount of coarse sand mixed is 15kg / t, and the coarse sand The particle size of the sand is 0.5 mm, the amount of charcoal powder mixed is 5 kg / t, and the cone-shaped soil piping The diameter of the base of the tube is 1.5 m and the height is 0.8 m. Example 11: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the thickness of the surface soil is 0.8 m. The amount of fermentation bacteria mixed is 20g / Kg, the amount of coarse sand mixed is 30kg / t, and the coarse sand The particle size of the sand is 2 mm, the amount of charcoal powder mixed is 10 kg / t, and the cone-shaped soil pile The base diameter is 2.0 m and the height is 1.5 m. Example 12: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: A vertical ventilation hole with a diameter of 0.2 m and a depth of 0.2 m was opened, and moisture was added to the conical soil pile by mist sprinkling. is supplied to maintain the moisture content of the soil in the top 10 cm of the conical soil pile at 60 wt%. Example 13: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: Holes of 3 cm diameter were placed on the conical soil pile. A vertical ventilation hole with a diameter of 0.2 m and a depth of 0.2 m was opened, and moisture was added to the conical soil pile by mist sprinkling. is supplied to maintain the moisture content of the soil in the top 20 cm of the conical soil pile at 65 wt%. Example 14: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the fermenting bacterium is Bacillus subtilis. Example 15: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the fermenting bacterium was Bacillus lichenifolia. It's Lumis. The effects of different fermentation treatment methods on in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil were examined. Contaminated soil with the same lead, zinc, and cadmium content for control testing during heavy metal remediation tests on land A large number of contaminated areas are set up, each with an area of ​​1 km 2 and contains lead, zinc, and cadmium. The amount was adjusted to 965±5mg / kg (lead), 678±5mg / kg (zinc), and cadmium. mg / kg (zinc) and 113±5 mg / kg (cadmium) after 10 years of restoration. The heavy metal content of the soil in the area was measured, and the results are shown in Table 4 below: Table 4. Lead, zinc, and cadmium contents in the soil of the area after remediation TIFF2025161729000004.tif72124 As can be seen from the results in Table 4, different fermentation treatment methods were effective for the in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. The effect has a certain influence, and here, Example 7, Example 9, Example 11, Example 12, The treatment effect of Example 13 was almost the same as that of Example 1, and Examples 6, 8, 10, and 11 were similar. In Examples 14 and 15, the removal rates of lead, zinc, and cadmium were significantly lower than in Example 1. Therefore, it is recommended to reduce the amount of straw powder used, shorten the fermentation time, and reduce the amount of fermentation bacteria mixed. In cases where the composition of fermentation bacteria is changed, the fermentation treatment effect is reduced. Therefore, the treatment effects of Examples 7, 9, 11, 12 and 1 However, Example 7 used a large amount of straw powder, and Example 9 had a long fermentation time, and Considering that the environmental temperature requirement is high, and Example 12 involves a large amount of drilling work and a long mist spray time, Therefore, the overall effect of Example 1 is relatively excellent. Example 16: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the soil after fermentation treatment was plowed and The depth is 0.5m, then herbaceous plants are planted, the spacing between the herbaceous plants is 0.5m, and the grass The plant is uprooted after two years of growth. Example 17: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the soil after fermentation treatment was plowed and The depth is 0.8m, and then herbaceous plants are planted. The spacing between the herbaceous plants is 0.1m. The plant is uprooted after two years of growth. Example 18: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the first herbaceous plant is Lamium purpureum The second herbaceous plant is the rue, and the third herbaceous plant is the lesser flower lobelia. . Example 19: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the first herbaceous plant is Greenweil The first herbaceous plant is a maranthus, the second herbaceous plant is a camellia, and the third herbaceous plant is a Bidens pillow. It is Sa. Example 20: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the soil was re-plowed and the tillage depth was 0 0.5m, and replanted Longjing tea trees, with a spacing of 3m between the trees, and the Longjing tea trees matured in 4 years. After it has grown, pull it out by the roots. Example 21: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the soil was re-plowed and the tillage depth was 0 .8m, and replanting poplar trees, the spacing between poplar trees is 1m, and the poplar trees are 6 years old. After it has grown for a while, pull it out by the roots. Example 22: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: The trees planted in S3 are pear trees. be. Example 23: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: the trees planted in S3 are acacias. It is a tree. Example 24: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the legumes planted in S3 were chicks. It is komame. Example 25: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: the legumes planted in S3 are red yam. It is a green bean. To verify the effectiveness of in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil by different phytoenrichment treatment methods , for control tests during heavy metal remediation tests on contaminated land, the same content of lead, zinc, and cadmium A large number of contaminated lands are set up, each with an area of ​​1 km 2 and lead, zinc, cadmium The contents were adjusted to 965±5mg / kg (lead), 678± Maintain zinc at 5mg / kg and cadmium at 113±5mg / kg for 10 years. Afterwards, the heavy metal content of the soil in the area was measured, and the results are shown in Table 5 below: Table 5. Lead, zinc, and cadmium contents in the soil of the area after remediation TIFF2025161729000005.tif55130 As can be seen from the results in Table 5, different plant enrichment treatment methods were The analysis has a certain impact on the effectiveness of the recovery: 1) Reduce the tillage depth and increase the spacing between herbaceous plants, or increase the tillage depth and increase the spacing between herbaceous plants. After narrowing the gap, the lead, zinc, and cadmium contents of the remediated soil were higher than those of Example 1. This may result in overcrowding of herbaceous plants, affecting their growth, or This is thought to be due to the herbaceous plants being too sparse, which affects the effectiveness of herbaceous plants. 2) Lead and zinc concentrations in the soils of the area after restoration under different combinations of primary, secondary, and tertiary herbaceous plants. The cadmium content was increased to some extent compared to Example 1. The combination of the second and third herbs is relatively optimal in terms of effectiveness. 3) After increasing or decreasing the spacing of trees, the lead, zinc, and cadmium contents of the soil in the area after restoration were measured. 1, which is an increase to some extent, and this may be due to the trees being too dense and affecting tree growth. Or it may be that the trees are too sparse and affect their effectiveness. 4) When planting different tree combinations, the lead, zinc, and cadmium content of the local soil after restoration is The amount of the tree species in Example 1 was increased to some extent compared to Example 1. The effect of use is relatively optimal, 5) When planting different legume crop combinations, the lead, zinc, and cadmium content of the remediated soils in the area were The ammonium content increased to some extent compared to Example 1. The combination provides the best relative effectiveness. Example 26: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the soil after the plant enrichment treatment was tilled. The tillage depth was 0.5m, and then the fungus was planted. After three years, the roots were removed and the fungus was concentrated. The treated soil is obtained. Example 27: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: the soil after the plant enrichment treatment was tilled. The tillage depth was 0.8m, and then the fungus was planted. After three years, the roots were removed and the fungus was concentrated. The treated soil is obtained. Example 28: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: First, Agaricus was placed in the first region. Plant Bisporus, Kuritake in the second area, Naganetake in the third area, and one year later , uprooted, Next, replant bamboo fungus in the first area, replant phoenix mushroom in the second area, and agaric mushroom in the third area. The S. blazei was replanted and then uprooted a year later. Next, replant Tricholoma giganteum in the first area and replant Venus parasol in the second area. The chestnut mushrooms are replanted in the third area and then uprooted after one year. Example 29: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: First, a poisonous fly umbrella is placed in the first region. Plant a mushroom in the second area, plant a phoenix mushroom in the third area, and after one year, Slice off, Next, we replanted bamboo fungus in the first area, replanted shiitake mushrooms in the second area, and replanted poison fly umbrellas in the third area. Plant it, then a year later uproot it, Next, replant shiitake mushrooms in the first area, replant pig borer mushrooms in the second area, and chrysanthemums in the third area. The ge is replanted and then uprooted after one year. To verify the effectiveness of in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil using different fungal enrichment treatment methods , for control tests during heavy metal remediation tests on contaminated land, the same content of lead, zinc, and cadmium A large number of contaminated lands are set up, each with an area of ​​1 km 2 and lead, zinc, cadmium The contents were adjusted to 965±5mg / kg (lead), 678± Maintain zinc at 5mg / kg and cadmium at 113±5mg / kg for 10 years. Afterwards, the heavy metal content of the soil in the area was measured, and the results are shown in Table 6 below: Table 6. Lead, zinc, and cadmium contents in the soil of the area after remediation TIFF2025161729000006.tif33138 As can be seen from the results in Table 6, different fungal enrichment treatment methods were The treatment effect of Example 27 is almost the same as that of Example 1. In comparison with Example 1, Examples 26, 28, and 29 show that the amounts of lead, zinc, and cadmium are The removal rate decreased significantly, which suggests that reducing the tillage depth and changing the fungal composition may improve the true The bacterial concentration effect is reduced, Therefore, the treatment effects of Example 27 and Example 1 are good, but Example 27 is Considering the depth of the hole and the amount of work involved, the overall effect of Example 1 is relatively excellent. are. Example 30: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: 2 The amount of watering reduces the fungal concentration After the treatment, a 95% alcohol solution is poured onto the soil. Example 31: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: 2 The amount of watering reduces the fungal concentration After the treatment, a 95% alcohol solution is poured onto the soil. To verify the effectiveness of in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil by different disinfection and sterilization treatment methods , for control tests during heavy metal remediation tests on contaminated land, the same content of lead, zinc, and cadmium A large number of contaminated lands are set up, each with an area of ​​1 km 2 and lead, zinc, cadmium The contents were adjusted to 965±5mg / kg (lead), 678± Maintain zinc at 5mg / kg and cadmium at 113±5mg / kg for 10 years. Afterwards, the heavy metal content of the soil in the area was measured, and the results are shown in Table 7 below: Table 7. Lead, zinc, and cadmium contents in the soil of the area after remediation TIFF2025161729000007.tif25144 As can be seen from the results in Table 7, different disinfection and sterilization treatment methods were The treatment effect of Example 31 is almost the same as that of Example 1. Therefore, the removal rates of lead, zinc, and cadmium in Example 30 were lower than those in Example 1. Therefore, after reducing the amount of alcohol solution sprayed, the disinfection and sterilization effect decreased, Therefore, the treatment effects of Examples 31 and 1 are good, but the alco Considering the large amount of solution used, the overall effect of Example 1 is relatively excellent. . Example 32: This example differs from Example 1 in the following respects: 2 Adding the amount of disinfectant reduces Wood ash was added to the soil after the fungal treatment, and the soil was plowed five times to a plow depth of 0.5 m. Example 33: This example differs from Example 1 in the following points: 2 Adding the amount of disinfectant reduces Wood ash was added to the soil after the fungal treatment, and the soil was plowed eight times to a plow depth of 0.8 m. To verify the effect of different pH adjustment treatments on the in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil, When testing for heavy metal remediation of contaminated soil, a control test was conducted using contaminated soil with the same lead, zinc, and cadmium content. A large number of plots of land were set up, each with an area of ​​1 km 2 and contains lead, zinc, and cadmium The amount was adjusted to 965±5mg / kg (lead), 678±5mg / kg (zinc), and cadmium. g / kg (zinc) and 113±5mg / kg (cadmium), and after 10 years of restoration, The heavy metal content of the soil in the area was measured and the results are shown in Table 8 below: Table 8. Lead, zinc, and cadmium contents in the soil of the area after remediation TIFF2025161729000008.tif25143As can be seen from the results in Table 8, different pH adjustment treatments were effective for the in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. The treatment effect of Example 33 is almost the same as that of Example 1. In Example 32, the removal rates of lead, zinc, and cadmium were lower than in Example 1. After reducing the amount of wood ash used, the pH adjusting effect decreases. Therefore, the treatment effects of Example 33 and Example 1 are good, but the wood ash of Example 33 Considering the large amount used, the overall effect of Example 1 is relatively better.

Claims

1. It includes the following steps: S1, pretreatment: First, the heavy metal contaminated soil is gently tilled to a depth of 1.5 to 2.0 m. The soil is cultivated to a depth of 0.5 to 0.8 m, and is plowed a total of 2 to 5 times, then rotary tilled 2 to 3 times, and finally The soil was then air-dried for 15 to 30 days to obtain pretreated soil, and the heavy metals were removed by filtration. Including, S2, fermentation treatment: Fermentation bacteria, coarse sand, and charcoal powder were mixed into the surface layer of the pretreated soil, and the surface layer of the soil was placed in a cone shape. During the process of piling the conical soil pile, A layer of straw powder 3-5 cm thick was laid every 20-30 cm along the vertical direction of the tube, and 10 After natural fermentation for 20 days, the fermented soil is obtained. Here, the thickness of the surface soil is 0.5 to 0.8 m, and the amount of fermentation bacteria mixed is 10 to 20 g. / kg, the amount of coarse sand mixed is 15 to 30 kg / t, and the particle size of the coarse sand is 0.5 to 2 mm, the amount of charcoal powder mixed is 5-10 kg / t, and the bottom of the conical soil pile The diameter of the base is 1.5 to 2.0 m, and the height is 0.8 to 1.5 m. S3, Plant enrichment treatment: The soil after the fermentation treatment is plowed to a depth of 0.5 to 0.8 m, and then herbaceous plants are planted. The spacing between herbaceous plants is 0.1-0.5m. After the herbaceous plants have grown for two years, they are rooted out. Remove it, The soil was then re-cultivated to a depth of 0.5-0.8 m, and trees were replanted with spacing between the trees. The spacing is 1 to 3 m, and legumes are planted between the trees during the growing period of the trees. The spacing between the trees is 0.2 to 0.4 m. After the trees have grown for 4 to 6 years, they are uprooted and replanted. Obtain soil after enrichment treatment, S4, Fungal concentration treatment: The soil after the plant enrichment treatment was plowed to a depth of 0.5 to 0.8 m, and then the fungus was planted. After three years, the plants were uprooted and soil treated with fungal concentrate was obtained. S5. Disinfection and sterilization treatment: 1 to 2 kg / m ２ After fungal treatment, a 95% alcohol solution was sprayed onto the soil. Pour the alcohol into the container and burn it. The alcohol itself has a sterilizing and disinfecting effect, and the alcohol combustion The soil is disinfected and sterilized at a high temperature to obtain the disinfected and sterilized soil. S6, pH adjustment treatment: 1 to 2 kg / m ２ Mix wood ash with the soil after disinfection and sterilization treatment at the dosage of 100g, and till the soil 5 to 8 times. The tilling depth is 0.5 to 0.8 m, and the wood ash and soil are thoroughly mixed to remove heavy metal contamination. Complete soil ecological restoration; A method for in situ ecological remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, comprising:

2. In S1, the soil is plowed every 2 to 3 days during the natural air-drying period, and the plow depth is 0.5 to 0 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the distance is 0.8 m.

3. In S2, a ventilation hole with a hole diameter of 2-3 cm and a hole depth of 0.2 m was drilled vertically in the conical soil pile. Then, water is supplied to the conical soil pile by mist sprinkling, and the surface layer 10 of the conical soil pile is The moisture content of the soil up to 20 cm is maintained at 60-65 wt% and the conical soil pile is used during the night period.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising covering the container with a plastic film for heat retention.

4. In S2, The fermentation bacteria include Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus clausii, Bacillus . indigotica, Bacillus licheniformis, Enterococcus faecalis, Chlorophyll 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the microbial strain is selected from any one of the following: Stridium butyricum The method described.

5. In S3, the herbaceous plants include a first herbaceous plant, a second herbaceous plant, and a third herbaceous plant, The plant ratio of the first herbaceous plant, the second herbaceous plant, and the third herbaceous plant is 1:1:1, The main plant, secondary herbaceous plant, and tertiary herbaceous plant are planted in a uniform mixture. The first herbaceous plant is selected from the group consisting of Tephrosia candida, Lamium purpureum, Bidens maximowiczii Witchia, vinegar, vetiver, green wild amaranth, Bidens maximo Vitchiana, Tradescantia, Alewife, Conical Mustard, Red and selected from any one of the following: The second herbaceous plant is selected from the group consisting of Indian mustard, rue, turnip, camellia sasanqua, and purple loosestrife. is selected from one of The third herbaceous plant is Poinsettia cordifolia, Lesser flower lobelia, Friuli serrata, Chilaria, Merchantland, Lobelia, Bulbous Nasturtium, Purple Jasmine, , Bidens pilosa, and Bidens pilosa.

1. The method according to claim 1.

6. In S3, the tree is a poplar tree, a pear tree, a Longjing tea tree, or an acacia tree. The legume crop is selected from one or more of white lupin, chickpea, black bean, peanut, 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the beans are selected from one or more of: fresh beans; red kidney beans; The method described below.

7. In S4, the fungi include a first fungus, a second fungus, and a third fungus, The soil after the irrigation was divided into three equal sized regions according to the area, and these were designated as the first region, the second region, and the third region. Region 1, Region 3, First, a first fungus is planted in a first region, a second fungus in a second region, and a third fungus in a third region. The fungus is planted, and after a year, it is uprooted. The first area is then replanted with a second fungus, the second area is replanted with a third fungus, and the third area is replanted with the first fungus. The fungus was replanted, and after a year it was uprooted. The first area is then replanted with a third fungus, the second area with the first fungus, and the third area with the second fungus. The fungus was replanted, and after a year it was uprooted. The first fungus is selected from the group consisting of Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus blazei, and Agaricus nigricans. Choose from one of the umbrellas, The second fungus is selected from any one of wood ear fungus, chestnut mushroom, mushroom, and bamboo fungus. R, The third fungus is any one of Shiitake mushroom, Naganetake mushroom, Phoenix mushroom, Tricholoma giganteum, and Umbrella mushroom.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is selected from one of:

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