Moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fibers and fabrics

Abstract

A moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber is provided that is produced by melt-mixing and spinning a highly moisture-absorbing polymer with a nylon substrate, and utilizing the difference in moisture-absorbing expansion between the two materials, causes the fiber to undergo crimping deformation when it comes into contact with moisture, significantly increases the gaps between the fibers, improves the breathability of the fabric, and recovers to its original shape in a dry environment, stably maintaining the fabric structure, thereby achieving dynamic and intelligent adaptation of "humidity response-ventilation adjustment." [Solution] The moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber includes a fiber body formed by melt blending spinning, the fiber body including a nylon substrate and a highly moisture-absorbing polymer, the highly moisture-absorbing polymer being uniformly dispersed in the nylon substrate, the highly moisture-absorbing polymer accounting for 10 to 30% of the total mass of the fiber body, and a fabric being woven from the moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of textile technology, and more particularly to moisture-wicking and deformable composite fibers and fabrics. [Background technology]

[0002] In the field of textile fabrics, with people's increasing demand for a better wearing experience, there is an increasing demand for fabrics that combine dynamic humidity response and excellent breathability. Conventional moisture-wicking and sweat-wicking fabrics often rely on the limited moisture absorption of the fiber itself or a single structural design, making it difficult to intelligently adjust the breathability according to the ambient humidity. This prevents effective solutions to the problems of stuffiness and stickiness caused by sweat accumulation during exercise or daily wear. Therefore, there is a strong need for a technical solution that can achieve efficient dynamic breathability, sustained coolness, and high breathability by optimizing the design of the fiber structure, utilizing the principle of moisture absorption and deformation, and controlling the fiber gaps and fabric open area ratio to meet the market demand for high-performance functional fabrics. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber to solve the problem of the poor moisture absorption and sweat discharge effect of conventional fabrics. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber, the moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber comprising a fiber body formed by melt-mixing spinning, the fiber body comprising a nylon substrate and a highly hygroscopic polymer, the highly hygroscopic polymer being uniformly dispersed in the nylon substrate, and the highly hygroscopic polymer accounting for 10-30% of the total mass of the fiber body.

[0005] Furthermore, the highly hygroscopic polymer is at least one of polyethylene glycol-modified polyester, hydrophilic polyester, and hydrophilic polyamide.

[0006] Furthermore, the nylon substrate is PA6 or PA66.

[0007] Furthermore, a compatibilizer that tightly bonds the nylon substrate and the highly hygroscopic polymer is further added to the fiber body, and the compatibilizer is a maleic anhydride grafted product or SEBS-g-MAH, and the compatibilizer accounts for 1 to 5% of the total mass of the fiber body.

[0008] Furthermore, the fineness of the fiber body is 75D to 150D.

[0009] A fabric is woven from the moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber.

[0010] Furthermore, the fabric may be woven using a knitting or weaving process.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By melt-mixing a highly hygroscopic polymer with a nylon substrate and utilizing the difference in moisture absorption and expansion between the two materials, the fibers undergo crimping deformation when exposed to moisture, significantly increasing the interfiber gaps and improving the breathability of the fabric; The fabric recovers to its original shape in a dry environment, stably maintaining its structure and achieving dynamic, intelligent adaptation of "humidity response-ventilation regulation."

[0012] The added compatibilizer effectively solves the compatibility problem between the nylon substrate and the highly hygroscopic polymer, preventing the fibers from experiencing phenomena such as layer separation and breakage after multiple moisture absorption and drying cycles. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] By adopting the melt-mixing spinning process, it is possible to apply it to conventional normal spinning equipment, and it is possible to achieve high production efficiency and reduce costs.

[0014] Fabrics woven from composite fibers have excellent moisture absorption and breathability as well as structural stability, making them suitable for a variety of applications, including sportswear, outdoor gear, and underwear. In particular, they can meet the demands of rapid sweat release and maintaining a dry feeling during exercise. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of the fabric of the present invention in a dry state. [Figure 2] 2 is a schematic diagram of the fabric of the present invention after absorbing moisture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber includes a fiber body 1 formed from a melt-blended spun yarn. The fiber body 1 includes a nylon substrate and a highly hygroscopic polymer, which is uniformly dispersed in the nylon substrate and accounts for 10 to 30% of the total mass of the fiber body 1. The highly hygroscopic polymer is at least one of polyethylene glycol-modified polyester, hydrophilic polyester, and hydrophilic polyamide. The nylon substrate is PA6 or PA66.

[0017] A compatibilizer that adheres the nylon base material and the highly hygroscopic polymer to each other is further added to the fiber body 1. The compatibilizer is a maleic anhydride grafted product or SEBS-g-MAH, and the compatibilizer accounts for 1 to 5% of the total mass of the fiber body 1.

[0018] Example 1 A moisture-absorbing deformed composite fiber is produced by a melt-mixing spinning process, specifically including the following steps:

[0019] Preparation of raw materials: Nylon substrate: PA6 chips are selected, with a melting temperature of 230-240°C. Highly hygroscopic polymer: Polyethylene glycol modified polyester is selected, accounting for 15% of the total mass of the fiber body 1. Compatibilizer: Maleic anhydride grafted product is selected, accounting for 3% of the total mass of the fiber body 1.

[0020] Melt mixing: PA6 chips, polyethylene glycol-modified polyester, and maleic anhydride grafted product are fed into a twin-screw extruder in a predetermined ratio and melt-kneaded at 240-260°C. The screw rotation speed is controlled to 300-350 r / min, and the components are uniformly mixed to form a co-mixed molten mass.

[0021] Spinning: The mixed melt is sent to the spinning plate by a metering pump, the spinning temperature is controlled at 250-260°C, and the extruded through a circular spinning hole. It is cooled by a side blower (air speed 0.8-1.2 m / s, temperature 20-25°C), sprayed with oil, and then wound up at a speed of 3500 m / min to obtain the primary spinning. The primary spinning is then drafted at 80-90°C with a draft ratio of 3.5 times, and a moisture-absorbent deformed composite fiber with a final fineness of 100D is obtained.

[0022] Fabric weaving: The moisture-absorbing deformed composite fiber is woven into a fabric using a weft knitting process. After weaving is complete, the fabric is plasma-treated (using oxygen plasma for 30 seconds), and then heat-set at 130°C for 45 seconds to obtain the final moisture-absorbing fabric.

[0023] The composite fiber produced in this example has a smooth cylindrical shape in the dry state, with the gaps between the fabric fibers being 0.15 to 0.2 mm. When the contact humidity is 60% or higher, the crimp deformation of the fiber becomes significant, the gaps between the fabric fibers expand to 0.4 to 0.6 mm, and the air permeability is improved by 150% or more compared to the dry state.

[0024] Example 2 A moisture-absorbing deformed composite fiber is produced by a melt-mixing spinning process, specifically including the following steps:

[0025] Preparation of raw materials: Nylon substrate: PA66 chips are selected, with a melting temperature of 250-260°C. Highly hygroscopic polymer: Hydrophilic polyamide is used, accounting for 25% of the total mass of the fiber body 1. Compatibilizer: SEBS-g-MAH is selected, accounting for 2% of the total mass of the fiber body 1.

[0026] Melt mixing: PA66 chips, hydrophilic polyamide, and SEBS-g-MAH are fed into a twin-screw extruder in a predetermined ratio and melt-kneaded at 260-280°C. The screw rotation speed is controlled to 350-400 r / min, and the components are uniformly mixed to form a co-mixed melt.

[0027] Spinning: The mixed melt is sent to the spinning plate by a metering pump, the spinning temperature is controlled at 270-280°C, and the extruded through a circular spinning hole. It is cooled by a side blower (air speed 1.0-1.5m / s, temperature 22-26°C), sprayed with oil, and then wound up at a speed of 4000m / min to obtain the primary spinning. The primary spinning is then drafted at 90-100°C with a draft ratio of 4 times, and a moisture-absorbent deformed composite fiber with a final fineness of 120D is obtained.

[0028] Fabric weaving: The above moisture-absorbing deformed composite fibers were woven into a fabric using a plain weave process with a warp density of 120 threads per inch. After weaving was completed, the fabric was subjected to plasma treatment (using argon gas plasma for 40 seconds), and then heat-set at 140°C for 35 seconds to obtain the final moisture-absorbing fabric.

[0029] The composite fiber produced in this example has a gap between the fabric fibers of 0.1 to 0.18 mm in a dry state. When the contact humidity is 60% or higher, the crimp deformation of the fibers becomes significant, the gap between the fabric fibers expands to 0.35 to 0.55 mm, and the air permeability increases by 130% or more compared to the dry state.

[0030] Example 3 The differences from Example 1 are that a hydrophilic polyester was selected as the highly hygroscopic polymer, accounting for 10% of the total mass of the fiber body 1, a maleic anhydride grafted product was used as the compatibilizer, accounting for 1% of the total mass of the fiber body 1, the fineness of the final composite fiber was 75D, and a warp knitting process was used for the fabric.

[0031] Tests have shown that the gaps in the fabric of this composite fiber expand by more than 100% when it is hydrated compared to when it is dry, demonstrating excellent moisture absorption and deformation properties.

[0032] Example 4 The differences from Example 2 are that the highly hygroscopic polymer is a mixture of polyethylene glycol-modified polyester and hydrophilic polyester (mass ratio 1:1), accounting for 30% of the total. The compatibilizer is SEBS-g-MAH, accounting for 5% of the total mass of the fiber body 1. The fineness of the final composite fiber is 150D. The fabric is woven using a plain weave process, with a warp and weft density of 150 threads per inch.

[0033] Tests have shown that when this composite fiber absorbs moisture, the gaps in the fabric expand by more than 160% compared to when it is dry, and it has a fast moisture absorption response speed and a significant deformation effect.

[0034] The above specific embodiments are for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, but are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the examples, it should be understood that those skilled in the art can make modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all such modifications or equivalent substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1. Fiber body

Claims

1. A moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber, the moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber comprising a fiber body formed by melt-mixing spinning, the fiber body comprising a nylon substrate and a highly hygroscopic polymer, the highly hygroscopic polymer being uniformly dispersed in the nylon substrate, and the highly hygroscopic polymer accounting for 10 to 30% of the total mass of the fiber body. A moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber.

2. The highly hygroscopic polymer is at least one of polyethylene glycol-modified polyester, hydrophilic polyester, and hydrophilic polyamide.

2. The moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber according to claim 1.

3. The nylon substrate is PA6 or PA66.

3. The moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber according to claim 2.

4. A compatibilizer that tightly bonds the nylon substrate and the highly hygroscopic polymer is further added to the fiber body, the compatibilizer being a maleic anhydride grafted product or SEBS-g-MAH, and the compatibilizer accounts for 1 to 5% of the total mass of the fiber body.

4. The moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber according to claim 3.

5. The fineness of the fiber body is 75D to 150D.

5. The moisture-absorbing and deformable composite fiber according to claim 4.

6. A fabric woven from the moisture-absorbing and deformable conjugate fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A fabric characterized by

7. The fabric is woven by a knitting or weaving process.

7. The fabric of claim 6.

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