Floor structure of wooden buildings

Abstract

To provide a floor structure of a building in which floor beams of an upper floor are exposed to the ceiling of a lower floor, the floor height is restricted while an electric wiring path is secured, and the ceiling height of the lower floor can be set high. [Solution] The system has a flooring layer comprising a plurality of beams arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, a first flooring layer laid in contact with the upper surfaces of the plurality of beams, and a second flooring layer laid in contact with the upper surface of the first flooring layer, and the flooring layer has a columnar space partitioned by the first flooring layer and the second flooring layer, which penetrates the first flooring layer from top to bottom, at a position including directly above at least one of the plurality of beams.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a floor structure of a wooden building having a lower floor as a living space. [Background technology]

[0002] In small wooden houses, an open-air lifestyle has been proposed, with open ceilings and fewer partitions (Non-Patent Document 1). Based on this lifestyle method, it is preferable for residential buildings to have low eaves heights and small interior space volumes, in terms of energy efficiency, etc. Lowering the floor height is an effective way to reduce the eaves height (however, this is limited to buildings with two or more floors), and reducing the floor height also makes it possible to reduce the number of staircase steps, which is also preferable in terms of efficiently using the floor space in small wooden houses.

[0003] In this approach to space utilization, a method is known in which the beams are exposed on the ceiling of the lower floor to improve the interior appearance and ensure the ceiling height while suppressing the floor height. When using this method, the beams divide the ceiling space, so the electrical wiring path to the electric lights installed on the ceiling must be secured separately by drilling wiring holes in the beams or by using a double floor structure (Patent Document 1). However, due to the structure, there are restrictions on the positions where wiring holes can be drilled in the beams, and there are problems with using a double floor structure, such as complex construction. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2005-213856 A [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] Wonder Device | Log House BESS (https: / / mag.bess.jp / wonderdevice / ) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The present invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems with the conventional technology, and has as its object to provide a floor structure that is easy to construct in a wooden building with the floor beams of the upper floor exposed to the ceiling of the lower floor, giving the appearance of so-called "exposed beams," which allows the ceiling height of the lower floor to be set high while keeping the floor height low, while ensuring an electrical wiring path inside the floor structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the floor structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: A plurality of beams having flush upper surfaces that are installed in parallel at predetermined intervals; A floor underlayment layer laid in contact with the upper surfaces of the plurality of beams; A flooring layer including a floor finishing material layer laid in contact with an upper surface of the floor underlayment layer, A columnar space is formed in the underfloor material layer at a position where the columnar space intersects with any one of the plurality of beams, penetrating the underfloor material layer in the vertical direction, The length of a cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the multiple beams is greater than the width of a beam intersecting with the columnar space, and both ends of the cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the multiple beams are formed by extending, in a planar view, from both side surfaces of the beam intersecting with the columnar space. Effect of the Invention

[0008] The floor structure of a wooden building of the present invention is constructed as described above, and the columnar space provided in the floor underlayment layer is used as an electrical wiring path at the intersection with the beam of the electrical wiring. By using this floor structure, even if a so-called "beam exposure" technique is used, which exposes the beam to the indoor space of the lower floor, it is not necessary to use a double floor structure to ensure the electrical wiring path, so construction costs can be reduced. In addition, since it is not necessary to drill wiring holes in the beam to ensure the electrical wiring path, it is not necessary to structurally consider the position of the wiring holes in the beam. In this way, it is possible to provide a floor structure for a wooden building that is cost-effective and easy to construct, by setting the ceiling of the lower floor high and suppressing the floor height. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the floor structure of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the floor structure of FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] 1 is a plan view of the floor structure of the first and second embodiments of the present invention (a plan view is a view showing the arrangement of columns, beams, etc. from above). [Figure 4] FIG. 3 is a floor plan showing the layout of the floor base plywood 211. [Diagram 5] Figure 4 is a floor plan showing the electrical wiring route. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a floor structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, taken along line AA in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the floor structure of FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, a floor structure of a wooden building according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0011] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the floor structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, and more specifically, a cross-sectional view seen from a direction perpendicular to the long side of the floor underlayment plywood 211. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the floor structure of FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the floor structure of the wooden building according to the first embodiment has a beam 1, a floor material layer 2 constructed horizontally on the upper surface of the beam 1, a ceiling space 3 which is a space in contact with the lower surface of the floor material layer 2, and a ceiling material layer 4 constructed horizontally below the floor material layer 2 with the ceiling space 3 in between, and the ceiling material layer 4 is formed at a height such that the lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 is higher than the lower surface of the beam 1, and the upper surface of the floor material layer 2 appears in the room of the upper floor room F2 as the floor surface of the upper floor room F2, and a part of the side surface and the lower surface of the beam 1 and the lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 appear in the room of the lower floor room F1 as the ceiling of the lower floor room F1.

[0012] The beam 1 of the wooden building in this embodiment has a vertically long rectangular cross section as shown in Fig. 1, and the height of the cross section varies depending on the distance between the columns across which the beam 1 is spanned. Note that the cross section of the beam 1 is not necessarily limited to a rectangle as long as the upper surface is a horizontal plane, and for example, the lower surface may have the grain of a log exposed.

[0013] FIG. 3 is a plan view of a floor structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention (also in the second embodiment described later). The arrangement of beams 1 of the wooden building in this embodiment is made up of a plurality of beams arranged in parallel at equal intervals to the module, and a plurality of beams arranged in parallel at intervals that are an integer multiple of the module in a direction perpendicular to the above. The module is a basic dimension that is a design standard in architecture (in Japanese wooden houses, one module is generally 3 shaku = about 910 mm, and this is also followed in this embodiment). As an example, the arrangement of beams in FIG. 3 is such that beams 101 to 105 are arranged parallel to the left and right direction of the figure, and beams 1A, 1B, and 1C perpendicular to these are arranged parallel to the depth direction of the figure, and beams 101 and 1C are girths that contact the exterior wall. Beams 101 to 105 are arranged from the front to the back at equal intervals to the module, and beams 1A, 1B, and 1C perpendicular to these are arranged at intervals twice the module. Beams 101, 104, and 105 are suspended between beams 1A and 1C, and the rectangular area surrounded by beams 101, 1C, 104, and 1B is an open space, with beam 1B suspended between beams 101 and 104, and beams 102 and 103 suspended between beams 1A and 1B.

[0014] As shown in Fig. 1, the flooring layer 2 of the wooden building of this embodiment is composed of an underfloor material layer 21 (an example of a first flooring layer) laid horizontally in contact with the upper surface of the beam 1, and a floor finishing material layer 22 (an example of a second flooring layer) laid horizontally in contact with the upper surface of the underfloor material layer 21. Underfloor plywood 211 is used for the underfloor material layer 21, and solid wood flooring is used for the floor finishing material layer 22, which are laid horizontally with no gaps as shown in Fig. 2 to form the floor of the upper floor room F2.

[0015] Fig. 4 is a floor plan showing the layout of the underfloor plywood 211 in Fig. 3. The underfloor plywood 211 used in the underfloor material layer 21 of the wooden building of this embodiment has a short side length approximately equal to the module interval and a ratio of long side to short side length of 2:1 as shown in Fig. 4, and some are square cut to align the long side length with the short side length, and are laid out in a staggered pattern so that the apexes of the periphery of four adjacent underfloor plywoods 211 do not coincide. The underfloor plywood 211 is arranged in this manner on the upper surface of the beam 1, so that in the example shown in Figure 4, the line connecting the midpoints of both long sides of the underfloor plywood 211 coincides with the center line of the beam 102 in the underfloor plywood 211a1, with the center line of the beam 103 in the underfloor plywood 211b2, with the center line of the beam 104 in the underfloor plywood 211c1, and with the center line of the beam 105 in the underfloor plywood 211d2 and the underfloor plywood 211d4.

[0016] The long sides of the underfloor plywood 211 used in the first embodiment are tongued as shown in Fig. 2, and the tongued portions of the long sides of the underfloor plywood 211 that are adjacent to each other are bonded together using an adhesive. At the locations where the long sides of the underfloor plywood 211 that are adjacent to each other coincide with the center line of the beam 1 in a plan view, the underfloor plywood 211 is nailed at a specified interval from each long side while ensuring a specified edge distance, and is fixed to the beam 1 directly below.

[0017] The joint surfaces of the short sides are arranged so as to coincide with the center line of the beam 1 in a plan view, and are nailed at specified intervals with a specified extension distance from each short side, and fixed to the upper surface of the beam 1 directly below. The floor underlay plywood 211 is arranged so that the line connecting the center lines of both long sides also coincides with the center line of the beam 1 in a plan view, and is nailed at specified intervals in a river-shaped pattern on the line connecting the center lines of both long sides and on a line that is a specified edge distance from both short sides, and fixed to the beam 1 directly below. The floor underlay plywood 211 laid on the upper surface of the beam 1 forms the floor underlay material layer 21 in this way, and is fixed to the beam 1 directly below.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 1, the side of the beams 101 to 105 arranged at equal intervals with the modules among the beams 1 of this embodiment has a rafter 311 fixed at a predetermined distance below the lower surface of the floor base material layer 21. As shown in FIG. 2, the rafter 311 uses a lightweight steel frame material with a U-shaped small cross section in the illustrated embodiment, but may use a long material made of a material other than the lightweight steel frame material, such as wood. In this way, for example, in FIG. 1, a plurality of rafter materials 312 are installed between the rafter 311 attached to the right side of the beam 102 and the rafter 311 attached to the left side of the beam 103 facing the right side of the beam 102, and the plurality of rafter materials 312 are installed at approximately equal intervals as shown in FIG. 2. In the illustrated embodiment, the rafter material 312 uses a lightweight steel frame material with a U-shaped cross section, but may use a long material made of a material other than the lightweight steel frame material, such as wood. The ceiling base material constituting the ceiling material layer 4 is laid with its upper surface in contact with the lower surface of the above-mentioned roof framing material 312, as shown in Figs.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 2, the ceiling material layer 4 of this embodiment is constructed by laying gypsum board flush with the underside of the rough framing material 312 as a ceiling base material, with no gaps, and painting the entire underside with water-based paint or pasting wallpaper or vinyl cloth (not shown). As shown in Fig. 1, the outer periphery of the ceiling material layer 4 abuts against the side of the beam 1, and the height of the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 is higher than the height of the underside of the beam 1, so that the interior of the lower floor living room F1 creates a "beam exposed" landscape with part of the side and underside of the beam 1 exposed.

[0020] In this embodiment, the lower surface of the ceiling material layer 4 is located higher than the lower surface of the beam 1 as shown in FIG. Flooring plywood 211 As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the attic space 3 between the underside of the ceiling and the ceiling is divided into spaces 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d by beams 102, 103, and 104, each of which forms a separate space.

[0021] 1, a ceiling molding 41 is attached to the periphery of the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 in this embodiment with its side surface in contact with the beam 1, and is installed so that the underside of the ceiling molding 41 is higher than the underside of the beam 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the cross section of the ceiling molding 41 is rectangular, but the shape and size of the ceiling molding 41 can be selected arbitrarily depending on the design, and the shape of the ceiling molding 41 may be arbitrary other than the upper surface in contact with the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 and the side surface in contact with the side surface of the beam 1. By installing the ceiling molding 41 in this position, it conceals any gap that may occur between the beam 1 and the ceiling material layer 2.

[0022] In the present embodiment, a columnar space 203 is provided in the underfloor material layer 21, penetrating the underfloor material layer 21 from top to bottom, as shown in Fig. 2. The columnar space 203 in the illustrated embodiment is a rectangle with rounded corners in a plan view, penetrating the underfloor material layer 21 from top to bottom, and its height is equal to the thickness of the underfloor material layer 21. The columnar space 203 is located at a position intersecting the beam 1 in a plan view, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The size of the columnar space 203 is such that the width of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam 1 that intersects with it is slightly larger than the width of the beam 1, as shown in Fig. 1, and both ends extend from both side surfaces of the beam 1 at approximately equal lengths. 2, the length of the cross section of the columnar space 203 in the longitudinal direction of the beam 1 is narrower than the interval between the nails 213 that are driven to fasten the floor underlayment plywood 211 that forms the floor underlayment layer 21 to the beam 1 directly below, so that the nailing intervals at the points that straddle the columnar space 203 can be set to be no greater than a predetermined interval. Since the floor finishing material layer 22 is laid without gaps on the upper surface of the floor underlayment layer 21 as described above, the drilled points of the columnar space 203 in the floor underlayment layer 21 are covered by the floor finishing material layer 22.

[0023] In the floor underlay plywood 211 of this embodiment, a columnar space 203 is formed in advance at a position away from the outer edge of the floor underlay plywood 211, in a manner intersecting with a line connecting the midpoints of both long sides of the floor underlay plywood 211, before the floor underlay plywood 211 is fixed onto the upper surface of the beam 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the columnar space 203 is formed at this position in the floor underlay plywood 211, so that it can be formed without requiring any special reinforcement, unlike forming the space by cutting out both outer edges across the joints between adjacent floor underlay plywoods 211.

[0024] Fig. 5 is a floor plan showing the electrical wiring route in Fig. 4. An electrical cord 5 for supplying electricity to electric lights and the like installed on the ceiling of the lower floor room F1 is wired in the ceiling space 3, which is the space between the lower surface of the floor base material layer 21 and the upper surface of the ceiling material layer 4, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. In the illustrated embodiment, the ceiling space 3 is divided into 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d by beams 102, 103, and 104 as shown in Fig. 3. In the ceiling space 3 thus divided, for example, the ceiling spaces 3b and 3c, which are adjacent ceiling spaces 3, are connected via a columnar space 203 provided in the floor base plywood 211b2 as shown in Fig. 1, so that the electrical cord 5 wired in the ceiling space 3b can be extended to the ceiling space 3c via the columnar space 203. Second Embodiment

[0025] The floor structure of the second embodiment of the present invention differs from the first embodiment in that it is applied to cases where so-called four-sided nailing is required for laying the floor base plywood 211. Figure 6 is a diagram of the floor structure of this embodiment seen from a direction parallel to the long side of the floor base plywood 211, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 5.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 6, the floor structure of this embodiment includes a support member 212 whose upper surface is at the same height as the upper surface of the beam 1 at a location where there is no beam 1 directly below the long side of the floor plywood 211 whose long sides are adjacent to each other, in order to enable nailing of the floor plywood 211 around all four sides. The floor plywood 211 of this embodiment is fixed to the support member 212 by nailing one or both of its long sides at a predetermined interval. Note that the floor plywood 211 in FIG. 7 has a tongue and groove on its long side, but in the floor structure of this embodiment, the floor plywood 211 is nailed around all four sides to form the floor base material layer 21. Therefore, unlike the floor structure of the first embodiment, it is not necessary to use a floor plywood 211 with a tongue and groove on its long side, and it is not necessary to use an adhesive on the long side of the floor plywood 211 to bond it to the long side of the adjacent floor plywood 211.

[0027] Of the beams 1 of this embodiment, the side surfaces of the beams 101 to 105 arranged at equal intervals with the modules have the rafters 311 fixed thereto in the same manner as in the first embodiment. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the rafters 311 are fixed to the front side surface of the beam 102. Between the rafters 311 fixed to the side surface of the beam 101 (not shown in FIG. 6) facing the front side surface of the beam 102, a plurality of rafters 312 are installed at approximately equal intervals in parallel with the receiving material 212 and avoiding the position of the receiving material 212. The ceiling base material constituting the ceiling material layer 4 is laid in contact with the lower surface of the rafters 312 as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7.

[0028] 6, the outer periphery of the ceiling material layer 4 in this embodiment abuts against the side surface of the beam 1, and the upper surface of the ceiling material layer 4 does not abut against the underside of the receiving material 212, ensuring a gap. Since the height of the underside of the ceiling material layer 4 in this embodiment is higher than the height of the underside of the beam 1, the interior of the lower floor living room F1 creates a "beam exposed" landscape in which part of the side surface and the underside of the beam 1 are exposed.

[0029] In this embodiment, the ceiling material layer 4 has a lower surface that is higher than the lower surface of the beam 1 as shown in FIG. 6, and a gap is provided between the upper surface and the lower surface of the receiving material 212. Flooring plywood 211The attic space 3 between the underside of the ceiling and the ceiling is partitioned by the beams 1, and is not partitioned by the receiving material 212. As an example, as shown in Figure 3, the beams 102, 103, and 104 partition the space into 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d, each of which forms a separate space.

[0030] In this embodiment, a columnar space 203 is drilled in the floor underlayment layer 21, penetrating the floor underlayment layer 21 vertically, as shown in Figure 6. The columnar space 203 is positioned at a position where it intersects with beams 1 arranged at equal intervals as the modules, as shown in Figure 4, in a plan view, and the electrical cord 5 wired in the attic space 3 can be extended via the columnar space 203 to the adjacent attic space 3, as shown in Figure 6. [Industrial Applicability]

[0031] The floor structure of a wooden building according to the present invention can be suitably used in small wooden houses with low floor heights of two or more stories, when a high level of design is desired for the interior, creating an "exposed beam" look, and for an open-plan living environment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 1 beam 2. Flooring layer 203 Columnar space 21 Floor underlayment layer 211 Flooring plywood 212 Received material 213 Nail 22 Floor covering layer 3 Attic space 311 No-en-kake 312 Rough timber 32 Wiring storage layer 4. Ceiling material layer 41 Ceiling trim 5 Electrical cord 51 Installation location of lighting fixtures, etc. 6 Pillars F1 lower floor living room F2 Upper floor room

Claims

1. A plurality of beams installed in parallel at a predetermined interval; A first flooring layer laid in contact with an upper surface of the plurality of beams; A flooring layer including a second flooring layer laid in contact with an upper surface of the first flooring layer, In the flooring layer, a columnar space penetrating the first flooring layer from top to bottom is formed at a position including directly above at least one of the beams, and is covered by the second flooring layer; The horizontal length of a cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beams is greater than the width of the beams, and both ends of the horizontal cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beams are formed to extend from both side surfaces of the beams in a plan view. Floor structure of wooden building.

2. The floor structure of a wooden building as described in claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal length of a cross section of the columnar space perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the multiple beams is greater than the longitudinal length of the multiple beams of the columnar space.

3. A ceiling material layer is formed below the first floor material layer through an attic space, The ceiling material layer is characterized in that the peripheral edge thereof is in contact with the side surface of the beam. The floor structure of a wooden building according to claim 1.

4. The first flooring layer is formed by laying floor underlayment plywood in a staggered pattern without gaps so that the long sides are perpendicular to the plurality of beams, 2. A floor structure for a wooden building according to claim 1, wherein the columnar space is formed at a position away from the outer periphery of the floor underlayment plywood.

5. A wooden structure having a floor structure described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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