Tunnel lining vault void monitoring device and detection method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction. Disclosed are a tunnel lining vault void monitoring device and detection method. The tunnel lining vault void monitoring device comprises a contact sensing unit and a pressure contact detection unit; the contact sensing unit is provided with a plurality of contact points arranged at a vault position in a pouring space of secondary lining and arranged in the length direction of a tunnel vault, for making contact with concrete which reaches the vault during the secondary lining and transmitting a signal to a direct display terminal; the pressure contact detection unit is used for being provided at the vault position of the tunnel and arranged between a geotechnical cloth and a waterproof board, the geotechnical cloth is used for being laid on a primary support of a tunnel, and the pressure contact detection unit comprises a plurality of monitoring points arranged in the length direction of the tunnel vault. An active monitoring system of the present invention is simple and convenient to operate, has high practicability and high monitoring accuracy, enhances the accuracy of vault void monitoring, and reduces misjudgment caused by pulses or falling-off of the detection unit.

Description

Tunnel lining arch void monitoring device and detection method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel lining vault de-cavitation monitoring device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] Voids behind the secondary lining are a common quality defect in tunnel construction. Voids behind the lining can result in insufficient lining thickness, alter the stress distribution of the surrounding rock, and affect the structural bearing capacity. In severe cases, they can cause the vault to fall or collapse, threatening the structure and operational safety. The main causes of voids in the lining vault include: substandard initial support flatness, concrete workability and supply issues during pouring, concrete pouring technology, the rationality and quality of the lining trolley design, and the experience and management of the construction personnel. In short, these factors range from material and equipment issues to human factors, from the construction company itself to external factors such as road transportation. Numerous factors contribute to this.

[0003] Publication No. CN110045094A provides a detection device and method for preventing the voiding of the secondary lining vault of a tunnel. The device uses a detection feedback body to monitor whether the concrete has been capped and filled fully. However, the device still has the following problems:

[0004] 1. When using a pulse-type conveying pump to transport concrete, the early warning device may be triggered instantly. However, when the concrete flows to a low position, the area is not fully poured. 2. Because the detector is installed on a suspended waterproof board, the waterproof board may fall off when it is locally pulled under the action of concrete squeezing, which will cause a false alarm. The concrete will be mistakenly processed as fully poured and the pouring will be stopped, which may easily lead to the depletion of the tunnel secondary lining vault.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, propose a tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device and a detection method, and solve the technical problem that the tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device in the prior art is prone to false alarms, thereby leading to the degassing of the tunnel secondary lining vault.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, a tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device and detection method are provided, comprising:

[0009] A contact sensor unit having a plurality of contact points disposed at the vault position within the pouring space of the secondary lining and arranged along the length of the tunnel vault, for contacting concrete reaching the vault during the secondary lining and transmitting a signal to a direct display terminal;

[0010] The pressure touch detection unit is used to be installed at the arch position of the tunnel and placed between the geotextile and the waterproof board. The geotextile is used to be laid on the initial support of the tunnel. The pressure touch detection unit includes multiple monitoring points arranged along the length direction of the tunnel arch. When concrete is poured into the pouring space, the concrete transmits the extrusion force through the waterproof board to squeeze the monitoring point, so that the monitoring point detects that the pressure reaches the threshold indicating that the concrete has been poured densely and feedback is given to the direct display terminal.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pressure touch detection unit includes several contact chips and a copper film, and the copper film is arranged along the extension line of the tunnel arch; the several contact chips are evenly distributed along the length direction of the copper film; when the concrete is not poured to the measuring point, the contact chip and the copper film are in a separated state. When the concrete at the monitoring point is poured densely, the concrete squeezes the contact chip at the monitoring point to make it contact with the copper film.

[0012] In some embodiments, the pressure touch detection unit also includes a number of insulating pads, which are arranged between the contact chip and the copper film to separate the contact chip and the copper film. Two insulating pads are correspondingly configured on each contact chip. The insulating pads are respectively arranged on both sides of the end of the contact chip, and one part of them is arranged between the contact chip and the copper film, and the other part protrudes from the contact chip.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pressure touch detection unit also includes a first guide rail and a first connecting belt, the first guide rail is connected to the geotextile, the copper film is arranged at the top end of the first guide rail, and several contact chips are partially built into the first guide rail, and their lower ends protrude from the lower end of the first guide rail; positioning grooves are provided in the first guide rail at positions corresponding to the insulating pads; when the bottom end of the contact chip is pressurized and squeezed into the first guide rail, the contact chip rests on the copper film, and the insulating pad is squeezed into the positioning groove through the contact chip; the first connecting belt wraps the several contact chips and the copper film on the outside of the several contact chips and the copper film, and the several contact chips and the copper film are fixedly connected to the first connecting belt, the insulating pad is partially built into the positioning groove, and the thickness of the insulating pad is greater than the height of the positioning groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, the direct display terminal includes a plurality of indicator lights, and each indicator light is electrically connected to a corresponding contact point and a detection element provided at a monitoring point in turn through an electric wire.

[0015] In some embodiments, the contact sensing unit includes a number of evenly arranged liquid level sensors, the detection end of the liquid level sensor is located in the casting space of the secondary lining, the contact sensing unit also includes a second guide rail and a second connecting belt, the second guide rail is connected to the waterproof board, each liquid level sensor is slidably arranged in the second guide rail, and each liquid level sensor is connected by a second connecting belt.

[0016] In a second aspect, a method for monitoring and detecting a void in a tunnel lining vault is provided, which is applicable to a tunnel lining vault void monitoring device, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0017] S100: First, a pressure-touch detection unit is installed on the geotextile laid as the initial support of the tunnel. A first guide rail is placed at the arch of the tunnel and fixedly connected to the geotextile. A contact chip and a copper film are spaced apart and arranged inside the first guide rail.

[0018] S200: Lay waterproof sheet on the inside of geotextile;

[0019] S300: The contact sensing unit is then installed. The second guide rail is placed at the tunnel vault and fixedly connected to the waterproof plate. The liquid level sensor is then slidably installed in the second guide rail via the second connecting belt, so that the liquid level sensors are arranged alternately with the corresponding contact chips.

[0020] S400: Then, concrete is poured using a grouting pipe. Before the concrete is poured to the measuring point, the contact chip and the copper film are separated, and the indicator light shows red. When the concrete is poured into the vault, the concrete squeezes the contact chip at the monitoring point to make it contact with the copper film. The sensitive components here can only connect the circuit when they are under a continuous pressure of ≥10KPa and receive a signal from the corresponding liquid level sensor when it contacts the concrete liquid surface, making the indicator light show green. This can determine that the concrete at this location is poured densely. If there is concrete falling back during pouring and the pressure disappears, the indicator light will turn red again.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by providing a contact sensing unit and a pressure-touch detection unit, the pouring of concrete is monitored in real time by combining contact and pressure-touch sensing. The concrete at the monitoring point can be determined to be densely poured only when the pressure-touch detection unit detects that the poured concrete has reached the vault position and the pressure-touch detection unit detects that the concrete has been poured to an appropriate pressure. The active monitoring system is simple and convenient to operate, highly practical, and not only enhances the accuracy of vault void monitoring but also reduces misjudgments caused by pulses.

[0022] By arranging the pressure-touch detection unit between the geotextile and the waterproof board, the pressure-touch detection unit can be prevented from falling off when locally pulled, thereby preventing false alarms and achieving high monitoring accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of a tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device provided by the present invention;

[0024] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the installation cross-sectional structure of the pressure-touch detection unit of the tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device in FIG1 ;

[0025] FIG3 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the pressure-touch detection unit of the tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device in FIG1 ;

[0026] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection structure of the tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device in FIG1 ;

[0027] FIG5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the contact sensing unit of the tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device in FIG1 ;

[0028] FIG6 is a flow chart of the tunnel lining vault void detection method in FIG1 .

[0029] In the figure: 1. Contact sensing unit; 11. Liquid level sensor; 12. Second guide rail; 13. Second connecting strip; 2. Pressure touch detection unit; 21. Contact chip; 22. Copper film; 23. Insulating pad; 24. First guide rail; 241. Positioning groove; 25. First connecting strip; 3. Direct display terminal; 31. Indicator light; 4. Geotextile; 5. Waterproof board; 6. Concrete. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] The present invention provides a tunnel lining vault void monitoring device and a detection method, which are described below respectively.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , a specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a tunnel lining vault void monitoring device, which includes a contact sensing unit 1 and a pressure-touch detection unit 2 .

[0033] The contact sensing unit 1 has a plurality of contact points arranged at the arch position in the pouring space of the secondary lining and arranged along the length direction of the tunnel arch, for contacting the concrete 6 reaching the arch during the secondary lining and transmitting signals to a direct display terminal 3.

[0034] The pressure-touch detection unit 2 is used to be installed at the arch position of the tunnel and placed between the geotextile 4 and the waterproof board 5. The geotextile 4 is used to be laid on the initial support of the tunnel. The pressure-touch detection unit 2 includes multiple monitoring points arranged along the length direction of the tunnel arch. When concrete 6 is poured into the pouring space, the concrete 6 transmits the extrusion force through the waterproof board 5 to squeeze the monitoring point, so that the monitoring point detects that the pressure reaches the threshold value that reflects that the concrete 6 has been poured densely and feedback is given to the direct display terminal 3.

[0035] In this device, the pressure-touch detection unit 2 is arranged between the geotextile 4 and the waterproof board 5. When in use, the pressure generated by the pouring concrete 6 is transmitted to the monitoring point through the waterproof board 5. The pouring pressure is detected to determine whether the concrete 6 at the monitoring point is poured densely. At the same time, a contact sensing unit 1 is set at the arch position in the pouring space. It adopts contact sensing. Through the combination of the contact sensing unit 1 and the pressure-touch detection unit 2, during pouring, only when the pressure-touch detection unit 2 detects that the poured concrete 6 has reached the arch position and the pressure-touch detection unit 2 detects that the concrete 6 has been poured to the appropriate pressure, can it be determined that the concrete 6 at the monitoring point has been poured densely. This not only enhances the accuracy of arch degassing monitoring, but also reduces misjudgment caused by pulses.

[0036] As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments, the device is based on a distributed pressure sensor based on the principles of circuit pressure contact and liquid level conduction, and adopts a pure physical pressure sensing method to determine the contact interface state between the initial support and the secondary lining. Multiple or single first guide rails 24 and first connecting belts 25 are arranged between the geotextile 4 and the waterproof board 5. The first guide rails 24 are fixed to the geotextile 4 by bolts. Monitoring points are installed at a certain interval in each first guide rail 24. The pressure contact detection unit 2 includes several contact chips 21 and copper films 22. Each monitoring point has a partial copper film 22 and a contact chip 21.

[0037] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the pressure touch detection unit 2 further includes a first guide rail 24, a first connecting belt 25 and a plurality of insulating pads 23. The first guide rail 24 is arranged along the extension line of the tunnel arch, and the copper film 22 is arranged at the top end of the first guide rail. A plurality of contact chips 21 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the copper film 22 so that part of them is built into the first guide rail 24, and the lower end of the contact chip 21 protrudes from the lower end of the first guide rail 24 so that the contact chip 21 can be retracted into the first guide rail 24 when under pressure. The insulating pad 23 is arranged between the contact chip 21 and the copper film 22 to separate the contact chip 21 from the copper film 22. Two insulating pads 23 are correspondingly configured on each contact chip 21. The insulating pads 23 are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the contact chip 21 and one part is arranged between the contact chip 21 and the copper film 22, and the other part is arranged between the contact chip 21 and the copper film 22. The insulating pad 23 is provided on both sides of the inner wall of the first guide rail 24 at positions corresponding to the insulating pad 23. The insulating pad 23 is partially built into the positioning groove 241. Since the insulating pad 23 is arranged between the contact chip 21 and the copper film 22 and partially inserted into the positioning groove 241, the first connecting belt 25 wraps the contact chips 21 and the copper film 22 on the outside of the contact chips 21 and the copper film 22. At this time, the upper side of the first connecting belt 25 is in contact with the inner wall of the first guide rail 24. The contact chips 21 and the copper film 22 are fixedly connected to the first connecting belt 25, so that the contact chips 21 and the copper film 22 are restricted in the first guide rail 24 through the insulating pad 23. During installation, the first guide rail 24 is installed on the geotextile 4 at the arch position to realize the arrangement of multiple monitoring points, making it convenient to install.

[0038] When the concrete 6 at the monitoring point is poured densely, the bottom end of the contact chip 21 is pressed into the guide rail and the insulating pads 23 on both sides are squeezed into the positioning groove 241. At this time, the contact chip 21 can rest on the copper film 22, and under the continuous pressure of ≥10KPa, the sensitive components are prompted to connect the circuit, so that the corresponding signal light at the direct display terminal 3 is displayed as green. Moreover, when the concrete 6 is poured densely, the extrusion force generated by the contact chip 21 can squeeze the insulating pad 23 into the positioning groove 241, and the insulating pad 23 is separated between the contact chip 21 and the copper film 22, so that the contact chip 21 and the copper film 22 can slide in the first guide rail 24. During installation, one end of the first connecting belt 25 is led out to the outer end of the installation position. After pouring is completed, the first connecting belt 25 can be used to pull out multiple contact chips 21 and copper films 22 to facilitate the reuse of the contact chips 21 and copper films 22.

[0039] Furthermore, the bottom of the insulating spacer 23 slopes downward from one end close to the middle of the contact chip 21 to the other end. The thickness of the insulating spacer 23 is slightly greater than the height of the positioning groove 241, so that the positioning groove 241 has a limiting effect on the insulating spacer 23.

[0040] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, in some embodiments, the contact sensing unit 1 includes a number of evenly arranged liquid level sensors 11, a second guide rail 12 and a second connecting belt 13. The second guide rail 12 is fixedly connected to the waterproof plate 5 by bolts. Each liquid level sensor 11 is slidably arranged in the second guide rail 12, so that when the poured concrete 6 reaches the arch position, the concrete 6 can contact the second guide rail 12 and contact the detection end of the liquid level sensor 11. After the liquid level sensor 11 contacts the concrete 6, it can send a signal to the direct display terminal 3; in order to facilitate the removal and reuse of multiple liquid level sensors 11, a second connecting belt 13 is provided in the second guide rail 12, and each liquid level sensor 11 is fixedly connected to the second connecting belt 13. Since each liquid level sensor 11 is slidably arranged in the second guide rail 12, one end of the second connecting belt 13 is led out to the outer end of the installation position during installation. After pouring is completed, the second connecting belt 13 can be used to pull out the liquid level sensor 11 to facilitate the reuse of the liquid level sensor 11.

[0041] As shown in Figure 4, in some embodiments, the direct display terminal 3 includes a plurality of indicator lights 31, with adjacent liquid level sensors 11 and contact chips 21 forming a group. The liquid level sensors 11 and contact chips 21 in the same group are arranged alternately, and each group is configured with an indicator light 31 electrically connected to it through wires. The liquid level sensors 11 and contact chips 21 are preferably provided in fifteen groups, so that after the liquid level sensor 11 detects that the concrete 6 has reached the vault and the contact chip 21 and the copper film 22 are in contact due to the pressure generated by the concrete 6, the corresponding connected indicator light 31 will display a green light, otherwise it will display a red light, which greatly increases the accuracy of the pouring process.

[0042] Furthermore, in some embodiments, contact sensing units 1 and pressure-touch detection units 2 are arranged circumferentially on the tunnel lining, or are connected to a railway management platform. This allows monitoring of the entire pouring process, a comprehensive understanding of the pouring progress, and avoidance of asymmetric pouring on both sides of the trolley. The pouring speed can also be monitored to ensure the stability and safety of the plug and to avoid quality problems such as cold joints caused by prolonged interruptions.

[0043] In a second aspect, as shown in FIG6 , a tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring method is provided, which is applicable to a tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0044] S100: Install the pressure contact detection unit 2 on the geotextile 4 laid as the initial support of the tunnel, place the first guide rail 24 at the arch position of the tunnel and fix the first guide rail 24 to the geotextile 4, and space the contact chip 21 and the copper film 22 inside the first guide rail 24;

[0045] S200: Laying waterproof sheet 5 on the inner side of geotextile 4;

[0046] S300: The contact sensing unit 1 is then installed. The second guide rail 12 is placed at the top of the tunnel and fixedly connected to the waterproof plate 5. The liquid level sensor 11 is then slidably installed in the second guide rail 12 via the second connecting belt 13, so that the liquid level sensors 11 are arranged alternately with the corresponding contact chips 21.

[0047] S400: Then, concrete 6 is poured using a grouting pipe. Before the concrete 6 is poured to the measuring point, the contact chip 21 and the copper film 22 are in a separated state, and the indicator light 31 displays a red light. When the concrete 6 is poured into the vault, the concrete 6 squeezes the contact chip 21 at the monitoring point to make it contact with the copper film 22. The sensitive components here can only connect the circuit under a continuous pressure of ≥10KPa and receive the signal sent by the corresponding liquid level sensor 11 when it contacts the liquid surface of the concrete 6, so that the indicator light 31 displays a green light, and it can be determined that the concrete at this part is poured densely. If the concrete 6 falls back during pouring and the pressure disappears, the indicator light 31 will turn red again.

[0048] It should be noted here that the corresponding methods provided in the above embodiments can implement the technical solutions described in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0049] The present invention also provides a more specific embodiment to illustrate the above steps S1 to S4:

[0050] Preparation work: In order to ensure better adhesion between the first guide rail 24 and the geotextile 4, the shotcrete must be strictly controlled before the geotextile 4 is laid. Specifically, the "three spraying, three scraping and one finishing" spraying process is adopted. "One spraying" uses a wet spraying manipulator to spray concrete in sections and layers; "one scraping" is to remove the protruding concrete of the steel frame; "two spraying" is to spray concrete in sections and layers; "two scraping" is to remove the locally protruding concrete; "three spraying" is to spray concrete in sections and layers; "three scraping" is to refine the large surface; "one finishing" is to sweep and flatten the shotcrete to effectively ensure that the laying of the waterproof board 5 is in close contact with the primary support and the construction quality of the secondary lining concrete. The initial support surface of the tunnel is inspected, and sharp protrusions are removed to ensure that the base surface flatness meets the requirements and there are no sharp edges on the surface. Then, a 3D laser scanner is used to scan the lining section to detect the over-excavation and under-excavation of the section and calculate the reasonable theoretical volume of the secondary lining concrete of this mold.

[0051] Laying the geotextile 4: Use an air nail gun with integrated hot-melt gaskets to lay the geotextile 4 on the primary concrete surface. The geotextile 4 should be laid with appropriate tightness, ensuring it adheres closely to the shotcrete without tearing due to excessive tightness. Too looseness will also affect the laying of the waterproofing sheet 5. Mark the centerline of the sensor strip on the geotextile 4 in advance. Before laying the geotextile 4, photograph and record the primary support surface at the top of the arch. Record the original primary support surface image data to facilitate later analysis of the reasons why the indicator lights 31 in individual sensing areas are not illuminated. After the geotextile 4 is laid, measure and stake out the circumferential construction joint location line of the lining and the centerline of the arch before laying the sensing line. Starting from the circumferential construction joint location, lay the sensing line toward the lining end. Lay the sensing line along the centerline of the arch (the highest point) to avoid misjudging the arch as fully poured if the indicator light 31 corresponding to a lower measuring point turns green. When arranging the survey line, ensure that the survey points in the survey area are arranged within the first lining. When inspecting, carefully check according to the requirements to ensure that each waterproof board 5 is in close contact with the base surface, especially the waterproof board 5 at the top of the arch;

[0052] Install the pressure detection unit 2: According to the active monitoring mode actually required on site, distributed compaction sensors are arranged along the construction direction. After unfolding the first guide rail 24 and the monitoring extension line, the first guide rail 24 is fixed to the geotextile 4 with bolts, and the terminals of the monitoring extension line and the first connecting belt 25 are reserved outside the end of the formwork lining, and should not affect subsequent construction and not be easily damaged, so as to ensure normal monitoring during the pouring of the secondary lining concrete.

[0053] Laying and hanging waterproofing sheet 5: Manual assistance is used to transport waterproofing sheet 5 to the construction site and place it on a waterproofing sheet 5 trolley. Using a hanging system, waterproofing sheet 5 is secured to rollers and rotated in a circular motion from left to right (or vice versa). A remote control controls the telescopic arm, rotating waterproofing sheet 5 in a circular motion, closely following the tunnel contour. Waterproofing sheet 5 is welded using a hot-melt gasket welder and an automatic climbing welder. After laying, waterproofing sheet 5 should be free of major wrinkles and have moderate slack. Based on actual site requirements, waterproofing sheet 5 is laid one sheet ahead of the other. Therefore, the arch of the next waterproofing sheet 5, located 1m from the construction joint, is not welded. Instead, an extension cord is used to reserve data extension cord space for the secondary lining sensor strips of this sheet. After the grouting is completed, the climbing welder is used for additional welding.

[0054] Install the contact sensor unit 1: Arrange the second guide rail 12 along the extension direction of the arch, and install the second guide rail 12 at the arch position inside the waterproof board 5 by bolts, and reserve the terminals of the monitoring extension line and the first connecting belt 25 outside the end of the mold lining.

[0055] Rebar Binding and Trolley Positioning: Install rebar according to design requirements. In rebar-lined sections, install concrete pads during rebar binding. Be sure to install the pads 10 cm away from the sensor contact point to prevent direct pressure from the lining rebar and pads on the sensor, which could cause errors in the terminal display. In sections without lining rebar, the sample frame and crack-resistant steel should also be kept away from contact with the sensor. After the trolley is positioned, bury the radially grouted RPC pipes as required.

[0056] Concrete pouring: Pour the secondary lining concrete. When the concrete reaches the vault, the contact sensor is triggered. The concrete squeezes the waterproof board 5 at a certain location and transmits the pressure to the sensor and the initial support. When the continuous pressure reaches more than 10 kPa, the concrete is poured densely. The indicator light 31 of the monitoring terminal at a certain location changes from red to green. When all the red lights turn green, it proves that the entire pouring is full and there is no void. When the secondary lining concrete pouring is nearing the end, if the light at a certain location has not turned green, the pumping pressure at the pumping port near this location is increased in a targeted manner. If the lining pouring volume of this board has exceeded the estimated theoretical concrete consumption, and the indicator light 31 of the monitoring terminal at some locations is red, it is necessary to record the red display light number and infer the void location of the vault based on the 0.8 m spacing rule of the components.

[0057] Grouting with a mold and monitoring completion: Grouting with a mold is performed approximately 1-2 hours after the tunnel secondary lining is poured. Grouting material with low expansibility, high fluidity, and high adhesion is used. Five pre-reserved grouting openings are located in the vault for grouting. Simultaneously, based on the recorded void locations, adjacent pre-buried grouting pipes in the vault are selected for grouting with a mold. Grouting with a mold is completed when the monitoring terminal displays a green light. Site managers can directly monitor the process through the monitoring display terminal. Grouting with a mold is complete when all indicator lights 31 turn green.

[0058] The present invention provides a contact sensing unit 1 and a pressure-touch detection unit 2, and combines contact and pressure-touch sensing to monitor the pouring of concrete 6 in real time. When the pressure-touch detection unit 2 detects that the poured concrete 6 has reached the vault position and the pressure-touch detection unit 2 detects that the concrete 6 has been poured to a suitable pressure, it can be determined that the concrete 6 at the monitoring point has been poured densely. The active monitoring system is simple and convenient to operate, highly practical, and not only enhances the accuracy of vault void monitoring, but also reduces misjudgments caused by pulses.

[0059] The present invention arranges the pressure-touch detection unit 2 between the geotextile 4 and the waterproof board 5, thereby preventing the pressure-touch detection unit 2 from falling off when locally pulled, thereby preventing false alarms, and achieving high monitoring accuracy.

[0060] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device, characterized in that: include: A contact sensor unit, the contact sensor unit having a plurality of contact points arranged at the vault position in the pouring space of the secondary lining and arranged along the length direction of the tunnel vault, for contacting the concrete reaching the vault during the secondary lining and transmitting a signal to a direct display terminal; A pressure touch detection unit is used to be arranged at the arch position of the tunnel and placed between the geotextile and the waterproof board. The geotextile is used to be laid on the initial support of the tunnel. The pressure touch detection unit includes a plurality of monitoring points arranged along the length direction of the tunnel arch. When concrete is poured into the pouring space, the concrete transmits the extrusion force through the waterproof board to squeeze the monitoring point, so that the monitoring point detects that the pressure reaches the threshold value indicating that the concrete has been poured densely and provides feedback to the direct display terminal.

2. The tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure touch detection unit includes a plurality of contact chips and a copper film. The copper film is arranged along the extension line of the tunnel vault; The plurality of contact chips are evenly distributed along the length direction of the copper film; When the concrete is not poured to the measuring point, the contact chip is separated from the copper film. When the concrete at the monitoring point is poured densely, the concrete squeezes the contact chip at the monitoring point to make it contact with the copper film.

3. The tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pressure-touch detection unit further includes a plurality of insulating pads, and the insulating pads are arranged between the contact chip and the copper film to separate the contact chip from the copper film.

4. The tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Two insulating pads are correspondingly arranged on each contact chip. The insulating pads are respectively arranged on both sides of the end of the contact chip, with one part of the insulating pads being arranged between the contact chip and the copper film, and the other part protruding from the contact chip.

5. The tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pressure touch detection unit further includes a first guide rail and a first connecting belt, the first guide rail is connected to the geotextile, the copper film is arranged at the top of the first guide rail, and a plurality of contact chips are partially built into the first guide rail, and their lower ends protrude from the lower end of the first guide rail; Positioning grooves are provided in the first guide rail at positions corresponding to the insulating pads; When the bottom end of the contact chip is pressed into the first guide rail, the contact chip abuts against the copper film, and the insulating spacer is pressed into the positioning groove through the contact chip; The first connecting belt wraps the contact chips and the copper film on the outside of the contact chips and the copper film, and the contact chips and the copper film are fixedly connected to the first connecting belt.

6. The tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The insulating spacer block is partially embedded in the positioning groove, and the thickness of the insulating spacer block is greater than the height of the positioning groove.

7. The tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The direct display terminal includes a plurality of indicator lights, and each of the indicator lights is electrically connected in sequence to the corresponding contact point and the detection element arranged at the monitoring point through an electric wire.

8. The tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact sensing unit comprises a plurality of evenly arranged liquid level sensors, and the detection ends of the liquid level sensors are arranged in the pouring space of the secondary lining.

9. The tunnel lining vault degassing monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The contact sensing unit further includes a second guide rail and a second connecting belt. The second guide rail is connected to the waterproof plate. Each of the liquid level sensors is slidably arranged in the second guide rail. Each of the liquid level sensors is connected to each other via a second connecting belt.

10. A method for monitoring and detecting the de-airing of a tunnel lining vault, applicable to the monitoring device for the de-airing of a tunnel lining vault as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S100: installing a pressure-touch detection unit on the geotextile laid in the initial support of the tunnel, placing a first guide rail at the arch position of the tunnel and fixing the first guide rail to the geotextile, and setting the contact chip and the copper film in the first guide rail at intervals; S200: Lay waterproof sheet on the inside of geotextile; S300: Install the contact sensing unit, place the second guide rail at the arch position of the tunnel and fix the second guide rail to the waterproof plate, and then slide the liquid level sensor into the second guide rail through the second connecting belt, so that the liquid level sensor is alternately arranged with the corresponding contact chips in sequence; S400: Then, concrete is poured using a grouting pipe. When the concrete is not poured to the measuring point, the contact chip and the copper film are in a separated state, and the indicator light shows red. When the concrete is poured into the vault, the concrete squeezes the contact chip at the monitoring point to make it contact with the copper film. The sensitive components here can connect the circuit only when they are under a continuous pressure of ≥10KPa and receive a signal from the corresponding liquid level sensor when it contacts the concrete surface, so that the indicator light shows green. It can be determined that the part is poured densely. If there is concrete fallback during pouring and the pressure disappears, the indicator light will turn red again.

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