Multi-component separation system and method for battery crushing and recycling

Abstract

Provided is a multi-component separation system for battery crushing and recycling. The system comprises: a first screening mechanism (1), which is used for pre-screening treatment of materials after high-temperature pyrolysis; a secondary crusher (2), which is connected to the first screening mechanism and used for initial crushing treatment of the materials that have been screened out by the first screening mechanism and do not meet the requirements; a second screening mechanism (3), which is connected to the secondary crusher and used for screening treatment of the materials that have been crushed by the secondary crusher; a fine crusher (4), which is connected to the second screening mechanism and used for fine crushing treatment of the materials that have been screened out by the second screening mechanism and do not meet the requirements; a third screening mechanism (5), which is connected to the fine crusher and used for screening treatment of the materials that have been crushed by the fine crusher; and a specific gravity separator (6), which is used for separation treatment of the materials that have been screened out by the third screening mechanism and do not meet the requirements. Further provided is a multi-component separation method for battery crushing and recycling. According to the multi-component separation system and method, through the cooperation of multi-stage screening and multi-stage crushing, the battery crushing and recycling utilization rate is effectively improved.

Description

A multi-group sorting system and method for battery crushing and recycling Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of battery recycling, and more particularly to a multi-component sorting system and method for battery crushing and recycling. Background Art

[0002] Used batteries have extremely high recycling value, so they need to be recycled. Among them, the most important thing in battery recycling is crushing and physical sorting. Only when crushing and physical sorting are completed can it be convenient for staff to recycle the used lithium batteries in the future.

[0003] Sorting is an important unit operation in solid waste treatment. Its purpose is to separate recyclable materials or materials that are not conducive to subsequent treatment and disposal process requirements from solid waste. Existing sorting devices have poor recovery effects on the components in batteries. After the waste batteries are crushed, the existing sorting devices can only sort out the agglomerated coarse materials, but cannot re-crush the agglomerated coarse materials, making it impossible to fully recover the components in the waste batteries.

[0004] For example, a waste battery sorting device with application number CN201610820712.7 includes a housing containing a vibrator, a support plate above the vibrator, and a screen frame placed on the support plate. The screen frame is connected to the housing with springs at the four corners, providing support and positioning. Within the screen frame, several layers of sieves with elongated apertures are arranged from top to bottom. The apertures on the top layer are the widest, gradually narrowing as they descend. This sorting device only performs preliminary screening of waste batteries and cannot re-crush agglomerated coarse material, making it impossible to fully recover components from the waste batteries.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The Summary of the Invention introduces a series of simplified concepts that will be further described in the Detailed Description of the Invention. The Summary of the Invention of this disclosure is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0007] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling, comprising:

[0008] The first screening mechanism is used to pre-screen the material after high-temperature pyrolysis;

[0009] The secondary crusher is connected to the first screening mechanism and is used to perform preliminary crushing on the materials that do not meet the requirements screened out by the first screening mechanism;

[0010] The second screening mechanism is connected to the secondary crusher and is used to screen the material after being crushed by the secondary crusher;

[0011] A fine crusher is connected to the second screening mechanism and is used to finely crush the materials that do not meet the requirements screened out by the second screening mechanism;

[0012] The third screening mechanism is connected to the fine crusher and is used to screen the material crushed by the fine crusher;

[0013] The specific gravity separator is used to sort and process the materials that do not meet the requirements screened out by the third screening mechanism.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first screening mechanism is a tumble screen.

[0015] In one embodiment, the secondary crusher is a hammer crusher.

[0016] In one embodiment, the second screening mechanism and the third screening mechanism are both circular rocking screens.

[0017] In one embodiment, the multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling further includes a vertical elevator connected between the secondary crusher and the second screening mechanism to lift and transport the material crushed by the secondary crusher to the second screening mechanism.

[0018] In one embodiment, the multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling further includes a negative pressure pumping mechanism, which is connected between the fine crusher and the third screening mechanism to pump the material crushed by the fine crusher into the third screening mechanism.

[0019] In one embodiment, the negative pressure extraction mechanism includes a negative pressure extraction pipe for extracting the material crushed by the fine crusher. The negative pressure extraction pipe is connected to a high-pressure fan, and the high-pressure fan is connected in the cyclone bucket to cooperate with the negative pressure extraction pipe to extract the material crushed by the fine crusher into the cyclone separator in the cyclone bucket for gas-solid separation.

[0020] In one embodiment, a feeding mechanism is fixed in the feeding port of the fine crusher, and the feeding mechanism includes a storage box and a cylindrical feeding barrel. Two rotating tubes at both ends of the cylindrical feeding barrel rotate at both ends of the discharge port at the bottom of the storage box. A feeding hole for connecting to the storage box is provided on the top of the cylindrical feeding barrel, and a plurality of unloading holes are provided at equal intervals at the bottom of the cylindrical feeding barrel. A rotating shaft rotates inside the cylindrical feeding barrel, and both ends of the rotating shaft pass through to the outside of the two rotating tubes. A material distribution baffle is fixed in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the material distribution baffle rotates inside the cylindrical feeding barrel; the rotating shaft One end is connected to the feed drive mechanism, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixed with a fan-shaped gear. The fan-shaped gear can be intermittently meshed with a cross rack. The cross rack is fixed to one end of the sliding shaft, and the other end of the sliding shaft is fixed on the slider. The slider slides in the cross slot on the side of the storage box. The inner end of a return spring is fixed at each end of the slider, and the outer ends of the two return springs are fixed to the side of the storage box through a spring seat respectively; the middle part of the sliding shaft slides in the vertical slideway of the slide frame, and the cross rack and the slider are respectively blocked on both sides of the slide frame, and one end of the slide frame is fixed on a rotating tube.

[0021] In one embodiment, the feed drive mechanism includes a drive motor fixed to the side of the storage box, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the central shaft, the upper and lower ends of the central shaft are respectively rotated on the storage box and the base through brackets, the storage box is fixed to the base through a vertical frame, a sliding worm is sleeved on the central shaft, a ridge is fixed in the vertical slideway of the sliding worm, and the ridge slides in the groove on the outer axis surface of the central shaft; a friction wheel is fixed on the upper end of the sliding worm, and the friction wheel is vertically frictionally connected to the outer disk surface of the linkage disk, the linkage disk is fixed on the rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is located directly below the friction wheel; the sliding worm is meshed with the worm wheel, and the worm wheel It is fixed at the center of the horizontal axis, the horizontal axis rotates on the lifting slide, the sliding worm rotates on the lifting slide, the lifting slide rotates and is connected to two belt rollers, the two belt rollers are connected by a feed belt, the feed belt is located below the discharge port of the fine crusher, a driven wheel fixed at the outer end of a belt roller is connected to the driving wheel fixed on the horizontal axis through a synchronous belt; the lifting slide slides in the middle of multiple columns, the bottom ends of multiple columns are fixed on the base, and multiple columns are slidably connected to a movable bracket, the movable bracket is located between the base and the lifting slide, and the column is located between the movable bracket and the base and a tensioning spring is provided on the column.

[0022] In one embodiment, a vertical screw is fixed on the base, a middle portion of the vertical screw slides in a longitudinal hole of the movable bracket, a screw block is threadedly connected to the vertical screw, and the screw block is blocked above the movable bracket.

[0023] In one embodiment, the end of the lifting slide away from the sliding worm is fixed to the inclined material guide port, and one end of the conveyor belt is located inside the inclined material guide port.

[0024] In one embodiment, an arc-shaped scraper is fixed to one end of the material distribution baffle away from the rotating shaft, and the arc-shaped scraper slides on the inner side surface of the cylindrical feeding barrel.

[0025] In one embodiment, the structure of the fine crusher is the same as that of the medium crusher, both of which are hammer crushers.

[0026] A multi-group sorting method for battery crushing and recycling, based on any of the multi-group sorting systems for battery crushing and recycling described above, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: The material after high-temperature pyrolysis is transported to the first screening mechanism through a closed conveying system for pre-screening treatment to screen out black powder in the material;

[0028] Step 2: transport the oversize material on the first screening mechanism to the secondary crusher for crushing;

[0029] Step 3: The material crushed by the secondary crusher is transported to the second screening mechanism for screening to screen out the black powder in the material;

[0030] Step 4: transport the oversize material on the second screening mechanism to a fine crusher for crushing;

[0031] Step 5: The material crushed by the fine crusher is transported to the third screening mechanism for screening to screen out the black powder in the material;

[0032] Step 6: convey the oversize material on the third screening mechanism to a specific gravity separator to separate copper particles and aluminum particles through the specific gravity separator.

[0033] The closed conveying system is a buried scraper conveyor.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present disclosure provides a multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling, which is provided with a first screening mechanism, and can perform pre-screening treatment on the material after high-temperature pyrolysis by the first screening mechanism, and the black powder in the material screened out for the first time is recycled, and the material on the screen can enter the medium crusher for crushing treatment, so that the black powder in the material can be screened out again by the second screening mechanism after crushing, and the material on the screen screened out for the second time can also be further crushed by the fine crusher, and the black powder in the material after the fine crusher is crushed can be screened out again by the third screening mechanism, so as to fully recover the black powder in the battery, and the material on the screen on the third screening mechanism can also enter the specific gravity separator, so as to separate the copper particles and aluminum particles in the material by the specific gravity separator, so as to perform subsequent recycling treatment respectively, and the battery crushing and recycling rate can be effectively improved by the cooperation of multi-stage screening and multi-stage crushing.

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, several embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present disclosure, they are used to explain the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0038] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG2 is a second schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding mechanism and a feeding drive mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] FIG4 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of a feeding mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] FIG5 is a second structural diagram of a feeding mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a feeding mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] FIG7 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of a feed drive mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG8 is a second structural diagram of a feed drive mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical feeding barrel, a rotating tube and a chute frame provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Icons: first screening mechanism 1; medium crusher 2; second screening mechanism 3; fine crusher 4; third screening mechanism 5; specific gravity separator 6; negative pressure extraction mechanism 7; feeding mechanism 8; storage box 801; cylindrical feeding barrel 802; rotating tube 803; rotating shaft 804; material distribution baffle 805; fan gear 806; horizontal rack 807; sliding shaft 808; slider 809; return spring 810; slide frame 811; feeding drive mechanism 9; driving motor 901; central shaft 902; sliding worm 903; friction wheel 904; linkage disk 905; worm gear 906; horizontal shaft 907; lifting slide 908; belt roller 909; conveyor belt 910; column 911; movable bracket 912; tensioning spring 913; vertical screw 914. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] The present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the present disclosure with reference to the description.

[0050] It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0051] The present disclosure is further described in detail below with reference to Figures 1-9.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] As shown in Figures 1 to 9, a multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling includes:

[0054] The first screening mechanism 1 is used to pre-screen the material after high-temperature pyrolysis;

[0055] The secondary crusher 2 is connected to the first screening mechanism 1 and is used to perform preliminary crushing on the materials that do not meet the requirements screened out by the first screening mechanism 1;

[0056] The second screening mechanism 3 is connected to the secondary crusher 2 and is used to screen the material after being crushed by the secondary crusher 2;

[0057] The fine crusher 4 is connected to the second screening mechanism 3 and is used to finely crush the materials that do not meet the requirements screened out by the second screening mechanism 3;

[0058] The third screening mechanism 5 is connected to the fine crusher 4 and is used to screen the material after being crushed by the fine crusher 4;

[0059] The specific gravity separator 6 is used to separate and process the materials that do not meet the requirements screened out by the third screening mechanism 5 .

[0060] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0061] The present invention discloses a multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling, which is used to process materials after high-temperature pyrolysis. When in use, the materials after high-temperature pyrolysis are first transported to the first screening mechanism 1 through a closed conveying system for pre-screening, and black powder in the materials is screened out for the first time; then the overscreen material on the first screening mechanism 1 is transported to the medium crusher 2 for crushing. After the medium crusher 2 crushes the materials, the crushed materials are transported to the second screening mechanism 3 for a second screening, and black powder in the materials is screened out for the second time; then the overscreen material on the second screening mechanism 3 is transported to the fine crusher 4 for crushing. After the fine crusher 4 crushes the materials, the crushed materials are transported to the third screening mechanism 5 for screening, and black powder in the materials is screened out for the third time. Finally, the overscreen material on the third screening mechanism 5 is transported to the specific gravity separator 6 to be separated into copper particles and aluminum particles by the specific gravity separator 6; the maximum recovery of valuable metals can be achieved.

[0062] The first screening mechanism 1 is a tumble screen, which can make the material pass through the screen mesh to complete the grade screening as required during the continuous rotation of the screen drum. The first screening mechanism 1 can adopt the XYJ1040 tumble screen purchased on the market.

[0063] The secondary crusher 2 is a hammer crusher, which crushes the material through the high-speed impact of the hammer and effectively separates the pole pieces from the black powder.

[0064] The second screening mechanism 3 and the third screening mechanism 5 are both circular swing screens. The second screening mechanism 3 and the third screening mechanism 5 are both nonlinear inertial vibrating screens. The basic rotational motion of the screen body is similar to manual screening, which can effectively classify fine particles and fine powder materials. The second screening mechanism 3 and the third screening mechanism 5 can adopt YBS1600-1S circular swing screen. The contact part between the screen body and the material is made of SUS304 stainless steel and is matte sandblasted.

[0065] The multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling further includes a vertical elevator connected between the secondary crusher 2 and the second screening mechanism 3 to lift and transport the material crushed by the secondary crusher 2 to the second screening mechanism 3.

[0066] The multi-component sorting system for battery crushing and recycling further includes a negative pressure pumping mechanism 7, which is connected between the fine crusher 4 and the third screening mechanism 5 to pump the material crushed by the fine crusher 4 into the third screening mechanism 5.

[0067] The negative pressure extraction mechanism 7 includes a negative pressure extraction pipe for extracting the material crushed by the fine crusher 4. The negative pressure extraction pipe is connected to a high-pressure fan, and the high-pressure fan is connected in the cyclone bucket. The material crushed by the fine crusher 4 is extracted into the cyclone separator in the cyclone bucket for gas-solid separation by cooperating with the negative pressure extraction pipe, so that the solid material falls into the third screening mechanism 5 for re-screening, and the black powder in the material is screened out again.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] As shown in Figures 1 to 9, a feeding mechanism 8 is fixed in the feeding port of the fine crusher 4. The feeding mechanism 8 includes a storage box 801 and a cylindrical feeding barrel 802. Two rotating tubes 803 at both ends of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 rotate at both ends of the discharge port at the bottom of the storage box 801. A feeding hole for connecting to the storage box 801 is provided on the top of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802. A plurality of unloading holes are evenly spaced at the bottom of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802. The cylindrical feeding barrel 802 rotates with a rotating shaft 804. Both ends of the rotating shaft 804 pass through the outside of the two rotating tubes 803. A material distribution baffle 805 is fixed in the middle of the rotating shaft 804, and the material distribution baffle 805 rotates on the inside of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802; one end of the rotating shaft 804 is connected to the feeding port The material driving mechanism 9 is connected, and the other end of the rotating shaft 804 is fixed with a sector gear 806, and the sector gear 806 can be intermittently meshed with a horizontal rack 807, and the horizontal rack 807 is fixed to one end of the sliding shaft 808, and the other end of the sliding shaft 808 is fixed on a slider 809. The slider 809 slides in the horizontal slide groove on the side of the storage box 801, and the two ends of the slider 809 are respectively fixed with an inner end of a return spring 810, and the outer ends of the two return springs 810 are respectively fixed to the side of the storage box 801 through a spring seat; the middle part of the sliding shaft 808 slides in the vertical slideway of the slide frame 811, and the horizontal rack 807 and the slider 809 are respectively blocked on both sides of the slide frame 811, and one end of the slide frame 811 is fixed on a rotating tube 803.

[0070] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0071] In a multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling disclosed in the present invention, a feeding mechanism 8 is fixed in the feed port of the fine crusher 4, and the feeding speed and feeding amount of the material entering the fine crusher 4 can be controlled to a certain extent by the feeding mechanism 8, so as to improve the crushing effect of the fine crusher 4 on the material; when in use, the material is first put into the storage box 801, and the material can fall downward into the cylindrical feeding barrel 802, and the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 is provided with a material dividing baffle 805. After the feeding drive mechanism 9 is started, the feeding drive mechanism 9 can drive the rotating shaft 804 to rotate, and when the rotating shaft 804 rotates, it can drive the material dividing baffle 805 to move in the cylindrical feeding barrel. The barrel 802 performs a rotating and circumferential motion, and a plurality of material distribution baffles 805 can be provided. As the material distribution baffles 805 rotate, the materials falling into the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 are orderly dialed into the multiple discharge holes at the bottom of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 in batches, thereby discharging the materials into the feeding port of the fine crusher 4 in batches, thereby realizing the control of the material feeding amount and feeding speed, and the two rotating tubes 803 at both ends of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 rotate at the two ends of the discharge port at the bottom of the storage box 801, so that the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 can swing to a certain extent relative to the storage box 801, thereby adjusting the discharge of the multiple discharge holes at the bottom of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802. The material position is adjusted so that the material falls more evenly onto the crushing mechanism in the fine crusher 4, which is beneficial to improving the material crushing effect to a certain extent; the swing of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 can be controlled as the rotating shaft 804 rotates. When the rotating shaft 804 rotates, it can drive the fan gear 806 to rotate, so that the fan gear 806 can be intermittently engaged with the cross rack 807. When the fan gear 806 is engaged with the cross rack 807, it can drive the cross rack 807 to slide horizontally to one side. When the cross rack 807 slides, it can drive the slider 809 to slide in the cross groove on the side of the storage box 801 through the sliding shaft 808. When the slider 809 moves, a reset spring 8 10 is compressed and the other return spring 810 is stretched. When the sliding shaft 808 moves in the horizontal position, the contact position of the sliding shaft 808 and the vertical slide of the slide frame 811 can be changed, thereby driving the slide frame 811 to swing with the axis of the rotating tube 803 as the center. When the slide frame 811 swings, it can drive the rotating tube 803 to rotate to a certain extent, thereby driving the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 to swing through the rotating tube 803. When the sector gear 806 is separated from the cross rack 807, the cross rack 807 can return to its original position under the elastic force of the two return springs 810, and finally drive the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 back to its original position, which is convenient for the next swinging movement.

[0072] The feeding drive mechanism 9 includes a driving motor 901 fixed to the side of the storage box 801, and the output shaft of the driving motor 901 is connected to the central shaft 902. The upper and lower ends of the central shaft 902 are respectively rotated on the storage box 801 and the base through the brackets. The storage box 801 is fixed to the base through the vertical frame. A sliding worm 903 is sleeved on the central shaft 902, and a ridge is fixed in the vertical slideway of the sliding worm 903, which slides in the groove on the outer axis surface of the central shaft 902; a friction wheel 904 is fixed on the upper end of the sliding worm 903, and the friction wheel 904 is vertically frictionally connected to the outer disk surface of the linkage disk 905, and the linkage disk 905 is fixed on the rotating shaft 804, and one end of the rotating shaft 804 is located directly below the friction wheel 904; the sliding worm 903 is meshed with a worm gear 906, and the worm gear 906 is fixed to the center of the horizontal shaft 907. The horizontal shaft 907 rotates on the lifting slide 908, and the sliding worm 903 rotates on the lifting slide 90 8, the lifting slide 908 is rotatably connected to two belt rollers 909, and the two belt rollers 909 are connected by a feed belt 910. The feed belt 910 is located below the discharge port of the fine crusher 4, and a driven wheel fixed at the outer end of a belt roller 909 is connected to the driving wheel fixed on the horizontal shaft 907 through a synchronous belt; the lifting slide 908 slides in the middle of multiple columns 911, and the bottom ends of multiple columns 911 are fixed on the base. Multiple columns 911 are slidably connected to a movable bracket 912, and the movable bracket 912 is located between the base and the lifting slide 908. The column 911 is located between the movable bracket 912 and the base and a tensioning spring 913 is sleeved on the column.

[0073] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0074] In a multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling disclosed in the present invention, the driving motor 901 can drive the central shaft 902 to rotate after being started. When the central shaft 902 rotates, the sliding worm 903 can be driven to rotate by the cooperation of the ridges and grooves. When the sliding worm 903 rotates, it can drive the friction wheel 904 to rotate. When the friction wheel 904 rotates, it can drive the linkage disk 905 to rotate through friction transmission, thereby driving the rotating shaft 804 to rotate through the linkage disk 905, so that the material distribution baffle 805 is driven to rotate through the rotation of the rotating shaft 804, thereby realizing batch feeding of materials; when the sliding worm 903 rotates, it can also drive the worm wheel 906 to rotate, and when the worm wheel 906 rotates, it can drive the horizontal shaft 907 to rotate. When the horizontal shaft 907 rotates, the driving wheel thereon can drive the driven wheel to rotate through the synchronous belt, thereby driving a belt roller 909 to rotate, and one belt roller 909 drives another belt roller 909 to rotate through the feed belt 910, thereby guiding the materials falling on the feed belt 910;

[0075] In addition, when the conveyor belt 910 receives the screened material, it can also automatically adjust the position of the vertical friction connection between the friction wheel 904 and the outer disk surface of the linkage disk 905 according to the amount of the screened material falling. When the material crushing efficiency inside the fine crusher 4 is high and the discharge speed of the fine crusher 4 is fast, as the weight of the material on the conveyor belt 910 increases, and the belt roller 909 and the conveyor belt 910 are not coordinated with the feeding speed, the downward pressure generated by the conveyor belt 910 increases as the material weight increases, thereby driving the lifting slide 908 to move between the multiple columns 911. The lifting slide 908 slides down a certain distance and presses the movable bracket 912 to move downward, so that the compression amplitude of the multiple tensioning springs 913 becomes larger. At this time, the downward movement of the lifting slide 908 also synchronously drives the sliding worm 903 to move down a certain distance. The sliding worm 903 is provided with two axial retaining rings, which are respectively blocked at the upper and lower ends of the lifting slide 908 to maintain the stability of the sliding worm 903 when the lifting slide 908 moves. When the sliding worm 903 slides downward on the central axis 902, it can drive the friction wheel 904 to move toward the linkage disk 905. 804, and the material feeding amount is reduced, thereby preventing the material from being excessive in the fine crusher 4 and affecting the processing effect.

[0076] A vertical screw 914 is fixed to the base, and the middle portion of the vertical screw 914 slides in the longitudinal hole of the movable bracket 912. The vertical screw 914 is threadedly connected to a screw stop plate, which is blocked above the movable bracket 912. By rotating the screw stop plate, the contact position between the screw stop plate and the vertical screw 914 can be changed, thereby changing the maximum height of the movable bracket 912 and adjusting the contact position between the friction wheel 904 and the linkage plate 905 to meet different usage requirements.

[0077] In one embodiment, the lifting slide 908 is fixed with an inclined material guide port at one end away from the sliding worm, and one end of the conveyor belt is located inside the inclined material guide port to facilitate the discharge of materials.

[0078] In one embodiment, the material dividing baffle 805 is fixed with an arc scraper at one end away from the rotating shaft, and the arc scraper slides on the inner side surface of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802. The setting of the arc scraper can scrape the inner wall of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 to prevent the inner wall of the cylindrical feeding barrel 802 from sticking to the material and affecting the feeding speed.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] As shown in Figures 1 to 9, a multi-group sorting method for battery crushing and recycling is based on any of the multi-group sorting systems for battery crushing and recycling described above, wherein the method includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 1: The material after high-temperature pyrolysis is transported to the first screening mechanism 1 through a closed conveying system for pre-screening to screen out the black powder in the material;

[0082] Step 2: transport the oversize material on the first screening mechanism 1 to the secondary crusher 2 for crushing;

[0083] Step 3: The material crushed by the secondary crusher 2 is transported to the second screening mechanism 3 for screening to screen out the black powder in the material;

[0084] Step 4: transport the oversize material on the second screening mechanism 3 to the fine crusher 4 for crushing;

[0085] Step 5: The material crushed by the fine crusher 4 is transported to the third screening mechanism 5 for screening to screen out the black powder in the material;

[0086] Step 6: The oversize material on the third screening mechanism 5 is transported to the specific gravity separator 6 to separate the copper particles and the aluminum particles through the specific gravity separator 6 .

[0087] First, the material after high-temperature pyrolysis is transported to the first screening mechanism 1 through a closed conveying system for pre-screening, and the black powder in the material is screened out for the first time; then the overscreen material on the first screening mechanism 1 is transported to the medium crusher 2 for crushing. After the medium crusher 2 crushes the material, the crushed material is transported to the second screening mechanism 3 for a second screening, and the black powder in the material is screened out for the second time; then the overscreen material on the second screening mechanism 3 is transported to the fine crusher 4 for crushing. After the fine crusher 4 crushes the material, the crushed material is transported to the third screening mechanism 5 for screening, and the black powder in the material is screened out for the third time. Finally, the overscreen material on the third screening mechanism 5 is transported to the specific gravity separator 6 to separate the copper particles and the aluminum particles through the specific gravity separator 6.

[0088] The disclosed multi-component sorting method for battery crushing and recycling can pre-screen the stripped pole powder through multi-component screening, air separation and gravity sorting of materials after high-temperature pyrolysis, and separate heavy materials such as shells and tabs from electrode materials such as copper foil and aluminum foil through medium crushing and fine crushing. Through the coordination of multi-stage screening and multi-stage crushing, the battery crushing recycling rate is effectively improved, and the maximum recovery of valuable metals can be achieved.

[0089] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0090] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or communication between them; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure based on specific circumstances.

[0091] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, and can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling, characterized in that: include: A first screening mechanism (1) is used to pre-screen the material after high-temperature pyrolysis; A secondary crusher (2) is connected to the first screening mechanism (1) and is used to perform preliminary crushing processing on the materials that do not meet the requirements screened out by the first screening mechanism (1); The second screening mechanism (3) is connected to the secondary crusher (2) and is used for screening the material after being crushed by the secondary crusher (2); A fine crusher (4) is connected to the second screening mechanism (3) and is used to finely crush the materials that do not meet the requirements screened out by the second screening mechanism (3); A third screening mechanism (5) is connected to the fine crusher (4) and is used to screen the material crushed by the fine crusher (4); The specific gravity separator (6) is used to separate and process the materials that do not meet the requirements screened out by the third screening mechanism (5).

2. A multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first screening mechanism (1) is a spherical screen.

3. A multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary crusher (2) is a hammer crusher.

4. A multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second screening mechanism (3) and the third screening mechanism (5) are both circular swing screens.

5. A multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a vertical lift, which is connected between the secondary crusher (2) and the second screening mechanism (3) to lift and transport the material crushed by the secondary crusher (2) to the second screening mechanism (3).

6. A multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a negative pressure pumping mechanism (7), which is connected between the fine crusher (4) and the third screening mechanism (5) so as to pump the material crushed by the fine crusher (4) into the third screening mechanism (5).

7. A multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The negative pressure extraction mechanism (7) comprises a negative pressure extraction pipe for extracting the material after being crushed by the fine crusher (4), the negative pressure extraction pipe being connected to a high pressure blower, and the high pressure blower being connected in the cyclone bucket so as to cooperate with the negative pressure extraction pipe to extract the material after being crushed by the fine crusher (4) into a cyclone separator in the cyclone bucket for gas-solid separation.

8. A multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding mechanism (8) is fixed in the feeding port of the fine crusher (4), and the feeding mechanism (8) includes a storage box (801) and a cylindrical feeding barrel (802). The rotating tubes (803) at both ends of the cylindrical feeding barrel (802) rotate at both ends of the discharge port at the bottom of the storage box (801). A loading hole is provided at the top of the cylindrical feeding barrel (802), and a plurality of unloading holes are provided at equal intervals at the bottom of the cylindrical feeding barrel (802). A rotating shaft (804) rotates inside the cylindrical feeding barrel (802), and both ends of the rotating shaft (804) pass through the outside of the two rotating tubes (803). A material distribution baffle (805) fixed in the middle of the rotating shaft (804) rotates inside the cylindrical feeding barrel (802); one end of the rotating shaft (804) is connected to the feeding drive mechanism (9), and the rotating shaft (804) The other end is fixed with a sector gear (806), which can intermittently mesh with a transverse rack (807), which is fixed to one end of a sliding shaft (808), and the other end of the sliding shaft (808) is fixed to a slider (809), which slides in a transverse slide groove on the side of the storage box (801), and the inner ends of a return spring (810) are respectively fixed at both ends of the slider (809), and the outer ends of the two return springs (810) are respectively fixed to the side of the storage box (801) through a spring seat; the middle part of the sliding shaft (808) slides in the vertical slideway of the slide groove frame (811), and the transverse rack (807) and the slider (809) are respectively blocked on both sides of the slide groove frame (811), and one end of the slide groove frame (811) is fixed to a rotating tube (803).

9. A multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feed drive mechanism (9) comprises a drive motor (901) fixed to the side of the material storage box (801), the output shaft of the drive motor (901) is connected to the central shaft (902), the upper and lower ends of the central shaft (902) are respectively rotated on the material storage box (801) and the base through brackets, the material storage box (801) is fixed to the base through a vertical frame, and a sliding worm (903) is sleeved on the central shaft (902), and the vertical slideway of the sliding worm (903) is A convex ridge is fixed, and the convex ridge slides in a groove on the outer axial surface of the central shaft (902); a friction wheel (904) is fixed on the upper end of the sliding worm (903), and the friction wheel (904) is vertically frictionally connected to the outer disk surface of the linkage disk (905), and the linkage disk (905) is fixed on the rotating shaft (804), and one end of the rotating shaft (804) is located directly below the friction wheel (904); the sliding worm (903) is meshedly connected to the worm wheel (906), and the worm wheel (906) is fixed on The horizontal axis (907) is centered on the horizontal axis (907), the horizontal axis (907) rotates on the lifting slide (908), the sliding worm (903) rotates on the lifting slide (908), the lifting slide (908) is rotatably connected to two belt rollers (909), the two belt rollers (909) are connected by a feeding belt (910), the feeding belt (910) is located below the discharge port of the fine crusher (4), and a driven wheel fixed at the outer end of a belt roller (909) is connected to the horizontal axis (907). The driving wheel fixed on the shaft (907) is connected via a synchronous belt; the lifting slide (908) slides in the middle of the plurality of columns (911), the bottom ends of the plurality of columns (911) are fixed on the base, the plurality of columns (911) are slidably connected to the movable bracket (912), the movable bracket (912) is located between the base and the lifting slide (908), and the column (911) is located between the movable bracket (912) and the base, and a tensioning spring (913) is sleeved on the column.

10. A multi-group sorting method for battery crushing and recycling, based on a multi-group sorting system for battery crushing and recycling according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: transport the material after high-temperature pyrolysis to the first screening mechanism (1) through a closed conveying system for pre-screening to screen out black powder in the material; Step 2: conveying the material on the first screening mechanism (1) to the secondary crusher (2) for crushing; Step 3: conveying the material crushed by the secondary crusher (2) to the second screening mechanism (3) for screening to screen out the black powder in the material; Step 4: conveying the material on the second screening mechanism (3) to the fine crusher (4) for crushing; Step 5: conveying the material crushed by the fine crusher (4) to the third screening mechanism (5) for screening to screen out the black powder in the material; Step 6: convey the material on the third screening mechanism (5) to the gravity separator (6) to separate the copper particles and the aluminum particles through the gravity separator (6).

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