Laboratory type fixed bed slow pyrolysis reactor developed for biochar and wood vinegar production

Abstract

The present invention includes the design and manufacture of a laboratory type fixed bed pyrolysis reactor, pyrolysis processes for experimental purposes at desired temperatures, obtaining biochar and pyrolysis liquid, obtaining wood vinegar from the obtained pyrolysis liquid by precipitation process and analysing these products and using them in scientific trials. It is a fixed bed pyrolysis system, which can be used in the production of pyrolytic liquid, biochar and pyrolysis gas, wherein pyrolysis trials were successfully carried out, wherein biomass wastes and residues placed in the fixed bed reactor chamber located in the body consisting of a diamond sheet body providing heat conservation are subjected to pyrolysis process in the temperature range of 300-700 °C and wherein the resulting gas can be transmitted to the cooling unit consisting of copper spiral pipes with a closed transmission system and pyrolytic liquid can be produced by condensation process and wherein wood vinegar is obtained by the precipitation process applied to this liquid, wherein biochar is obtained in the reactor chamber after the pyrolysis process.

Description

[0001] LABORATORY TYPE FIXED BED SLOW PYROLYSIS REACTOR DEVELOPED FOR BIOCHAR AND WOOD VINEGAR PRODUCTION

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present invention includes the design and manufacture of a laboratory type fixed bed pyrolysis reactor, pyrolysis processes for experimental purposes at desired temperatures, obtaining biochar and pyrolysis liquid, obtaining wood vinegar from the obtained pyrolysis liquid by precipitation process and analysing these products and using them in scientific trials.

[0004] It is a fixed bed pyrolysis system, which can be used in the production of pyrolytic liquid, biochar and pyrolysis gas, wherein pyrolysis trials were successfully carried out, wherein biomass wastes and residues placed in the fixed bed reactor chamber located in the body consisting of a diamond plate sheet body providing heat conservation are subjected to pyrolysis process in the temperature range of 300- 700 °C and wherein the resulting gas can be transmitted to the cooling unit consisting of copper spiral pipes with a closed transmission system and pyrolytic liquid can be produced by condensation process and wherein wood vinegar is obtained by the precipitation process applied to this liquid, wherein biochar is obtained in the reactor chamber after the pyrolysis process.

[0005] PRIOR ART

[0006] When the inventions related to the prior art were analysed, the following international and national patents were found.

[0007] In the invention of CN109652103B, there is provided a fixed-bed pyrolysisgasification integrated device with a lowering bed. This device comprises a lower pyrolysis furnace, a gas-solid separator, a condensing device, a fixed-bed gasification furnace and a slag section; a raw material inlet is provided in the upper part of the lower pyrolysis furnace. The raw materials are added to the upper part of the lowering pyrolysis furnace, heated by the gasification product gas from the fixed-bed gasification furnace, and to generate pyrolysis reaction and produce pyrolysis gas, tar and coal tar; through separation, the gasified product gas and the mixed gas of pyrolysis gas are sent to a condensing device for rapid cooling; where the condensable gas is cooled down to tar, and the non-condensable gas is further purified; the coal coke is sent to the fixed bed gasification furnace to carry out the gasification reaction to produce gasification product gas, and the high temperature gasification product gas is sent to the lower pyrolysis furnace to be used as a heat source and a necessary pyrolysis medium. The energy consumption of the whole circulation system to carry out the pyrolysis reaction is reduced, and the coal coke gasification device can be used in the technical field of coal chemical industry. Comparing this technique with the present invention, it is understood that this technique is designed as an integrated system for gasification and pyrolysis of coal, which has a different structure from biomass, and its design and working principle are completely different.

[0008] The invention numbered CN106583425A has been examined. The invention is a fixed bed pyrolysis system with a circuit board and a stirring function. The system comprises a pyrolysis furnace; wherein the pyrolysis furnace comprises a furnace mass, the furnace mass comprises an internal furnace for forming a furnace, a filling hole and an exhaust hole are in communication with the furnace, the furnace mass is fixed to an electric heating device, the electric heating device is disposed above a weighing device, the electric heating device comprises a furnace body, an electric heating wire is arranged in the furnace body, a motor is fixed to the furnace cover, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a stirring device extending towards the furnace, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the outer wall of the pyrolysis furnace and a heat-insulated structure leading to the furnace at up and down intervals along the horizontal direction, a ceramic casing pipe is fixed in each mounting hole, a group of pyrolysis furnace thermocouples are arranged in each ceramic casing pipe, and a heating device thermocouple is arranged on the furnace body of the heating device. The waste circuit board fixed bed pyrolysis system with stirring function ensures uniform distribution of the temperature of the material layers and contributes to improving the pyrolysis rate. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that this technique, unlike the present invention, includes a stirrer and the gas transmission pipes are not designed to be inclined.

[0009] The invention numbered CN106944455A has been found. The invention discloses a fixed-bed pyrolysis system having a kind of former circuit board for high- temperature gas flow heating, including pyrolysis oven, multi-hole orifice is installed in the horizontal direction in pyrolysis oven burner hearth inner bottom part, control cabinet side thermocouple and auxiliary heater are respectively arranged with the pyrolysis oven burner hearth of multi-hole orifice bottom, shaft above multi-hole orifice is provided with multiple mounting holes for leading to pyrolysis oven burner hearth, pyrolysis furnace electric thermo-couple is installed in each mounting hole, the pyrolysis gas escaping pipe connected with pyrolysis oven burner hearth is provided with bell, the outlet of described pyrolysis gas escaping pipe is connected with pyrolysis gas condensation collection system, the bottom of pyrolysis oven burner hearth is connected with the pipeline in heater and from supercharging nitrogen pot successively by high temperature nitrogen air inlet pipe. Pyrolysis efficiency can be improved and environmental pollution reduced by utilising the apparatus. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that, unlike the present invention, sweep gas is used in this technique and the gas transmission pipes are not designed to be inclined.

[0010] The invention numbered CN201454973U has been found. The invention discloses a novel zinc-cadmium ultra-accumulator plant, harmless fixed-bed pyrolysis device comprising a raw material bin and a pyrolysis furnace, wherein the raw material bin is upwardly connected to a raw material drying chamber and the pyrolysis furnace is connected to a raw material bin. The bottom of the raw material bin of the pyrolysis furnace is connected with a coke collecting box, a pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is sequentially connected to a cyclone separator, water cooling system and gas storage tank. The water-cooling system is connected with an oil product collection box downwards, the gas storage tank and the oil product collection box are connected to a comprehensive combustion utilisation system, which are respectively connected to the pyrolysis furnace and the raw material drying chamber through a three-way valve, and the gas outlet of the raw material drying chamber is connected to a chimney after passing through the activated carbon absorption chamber. The zinc-cadmium ultra-accumulator plant harmless fixed-bed pyrolysis device realises the harmless heat treatment of zinc-cadmium ultra-accumulator plants and the comprehensive utilisation of energy resources. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that in this technique, unlike the present invention, there is a drying part used for drying the raw material and the gas transmission pipes are not designed to be inclined.

[0011] The invention numbered CN206689178U has been found. This invention discloses a fixed-bed pyrolysis system for recycling a kind of old waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) for high-temperature gas leakage flow heating, including a pyrolysis furnace, wherein the multi-hole plate is mounted at the inner bottom of the pyrolysis furnace burner in the horizontal direction on the control cabinet side. The thermocouple and the auxiliary heater are respectively arranged with the pyrolysis furnace burner hearth on the multi-hole orifice base, the shaft above the multi-hole plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes leading to the pyrolysis furnace burner hearth, the pyrolysis furnace electric thermocouple is mounted on each of them. The mounting hole is provided with pyrolysis gas escape pipe connected to the pyrolysis furnace burner hearth, the outlet of the described pyrolysis gas escape pipe is connected with the pyrolysis gas condensate collection system, the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace burner hearth is connected to the pipeline in the heater and consists of successive supercharging of the nitrogen container by the high temperature nitrogen air inlet pipe. Pyrolysis efficiency can be improved and environmental pollution reduced by utilising the said apparatus. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that, unlike the present invention, a sweep gas (nitrogen) is used in this technique and the gas transmission pipes are not designed to be inclined.

[0012] The invention numbered CN206464330U has been found. The invention discloses a fixed bed pyrolysis system for disposing of old circuit boards, including a pyrolysis furnace with a mixing function. The pyrolysis furnace includes the shaft, the shaft includes the chimney for forming the burner furnace, the filling hole and the steam vent are connected to the burner furnace, the shaft is fixed on the electric heater unit, the electric heater unit is disposed on the weighing device, the electric heater unit includes the heater body, the electric heating wire is mounted on the heater body, the motor output shaft is fixedly connected to the stirring device. The said apparatus makes the temperature distribution in the material bed more uniform and increases the pyrolysis rate favourably. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that, unlike the present invention, this technique comprises a stirrer and the gas transmission pipes are not designed as inclined.

[0013] The invention numbered CN106167713A has been found. This invention relates to a kind of low temperature continuous type fixed bed reactor and method. The reactor of this invention has a charging opening, a housing, a reactive cell, and a discharge opening. The charging opening is positioned above the discharge opening, discharging spiral, flitch, flitch includes feed end and discharge end, feed auger is under charging aperture, feed end top, discharging spiral is on discharge end top, and discharge end is on discharging opening ; Feed auger includes center bolt and left and right helical blade, and center bolt crosses left and right helical blade, and left and right helical blade is perpendicular to the centrage of center bolt and becomes axial symmetry, and spacing is the 1 / 3 to1 / 2 of charging aperture bore. The present invention can realize continuous feeding and discharging under the conditions of hot, and equipment failure rate is low. Comparing this technique with the present invention, it is understood that, unlike the present invention, this technique is of the continuous type, and the pyrolysis oil is obtained not by passing the pyrolysis gas produced by the pyrolytic reaction through pipes, but by directing it into the condenser system by the gas vent (defined between the lateral duct and the radial flap -flitch) as defined in the art, and cooling it therein.

[0014] The invention numbered CN205774358U has been found. This invention proposes continuous pyrolysis of a kind of carbonaceous organic material and CO fuel gas purification. The disclosed system includes separation unit, crusher, rotary bed pyrolysis furnace, fixed bed pyrolysis furnace, condensing unit, oil-water separation equipment, purifier. This system processes carbon-based organic materials and utilises the secondary pyrolysis continuous processing mode. The carbon-based organic material produces pyrolytic carbon, CO2 gas and combustible gases such as CH4, CO, H2 during pyrolysis in the rotary bed pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolytic carbon and CO together are delivered to the fixed bed pyrolysis furnace reactor to be pyrolyzed. The obtained gases such as CO, alkane gases, etc. are purified by pyrolysis of the rotary bed pyrolysis furnace and sent to the pressurised swing suction device together with gases such as CO, H2, and CO fuel gas is prepared. The continuous heat analytical system, which can implement this utility model with large purification capacity and small oil production, saves resources and is advantageously applied in industrial applications. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that, unlike the present invention, this technique is of the continuous type and the resulting pyrolysis gas-liquid mixture is supplied directly to a condensing unit, not to an inclined gas transmission pipe.

[0015] The invention numbered CN202111551568A has been found. The invention provides a process method and apparatus for preparing charcoal by biomass pyrolysis. The process method comprises the steps of biomass drying, precarbonisation, carbonisation, calcination, cooling and unloading. Here, natural gas or combustible gas produced by a system is combusted to provide heat for the drying, pre-carbonisation and carbonisation stages; dry flue gas is discharged during the drying stage to create dry flue gas circulation. The pyrolytic reaction occurs in the pre-carbonisation stage and the actual carbonisation stage, the heat released by the reaction provides heat for the calcination stage, the discharged pyrolytic gas is cooled by a pyrolytic gas condensing system to produce by-product oil and the cooled fuel gas is recirculated. In the pyrolysis furnace to generate pyrolytic gas circulation, part of the fuel gas is preheated to high temperature fuel gas, part of the high temperature fuel gas is supplied to the gas-fired boiler for combustion and energy supply, and part of the high temperature fuel gas is supplied to the pyrolysis. The furnace to replace natural gas to provide heat for other batches; after the reaction is finished, step-by-step cooling of the biomass bed layer using self-generated fuel gas is achieved and then discharged. The technological method and device raw material application range is wide, the technological process is short, the device structure is simple and the operating cost is low. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that the system in this technique has a more complex structure than the present invention, has a dryer system, the pyrolytic gas produced is reintroduced into the system and used to meet the energy needed in pyrolysis as well as serving as a sweep gas, and has an ash separator section in the form of a cyclone separator

[0016] The invention numbered CN201410290296A has been found. The invention discloses a continuous pyrolysis and carbonisation method of agricultural and forestry biomass belonging to the field of biomass energy utilisation. The method comprises feeding the biomass feedstock into a dryer for drying, then conveying it to a continuous pyrolysis apparatus for pyrolysis to obtain pyrolysis semi-coke and pyrolysis volatiles; and conveying the pyrolysis semi-coke to a carbonisation apparatus for carbonisation to obtain biomass charcoal and semi-coke carbonised volatiles; then discharging the pyrolysis volatiles and semi-coke carbonised volatiles and cooling them to obtain tar, wood vinegar and pyrolysis gas; delivering the pyrolysis gas to a combustion apparatus for combustion to obtain a high temperature flue gas; and finally conveying the high temperature flue gas to the pyrolysis apparatus and the carbonisation apparatus to provide heat, then the flue gas is conveyed to the dryer after providing heat and the residual gas is discharged. In this method, continuous and stable pyrolysis and carbonisation of biomasses are carried out, the pyrolysis step and carbonisation step are completed in the same system in a separate step, the conveying efficiency is significantly improved, the reaction conditions become stable and controllable, and the energy utilisation efficiency is high. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that the system in this technique is not laboratory scale and has a further dryer system.

[0017] The invention numbered TR2022 / 014865 has been found. This invention is a system in which the products conveyed by the loading screw are discharged into the pyrolysis furnace in the loading hopper, the combustion process is carried out between 650- 700 °C with the resistance system, the gas released during combustion is used for water heating and the biochar product resulting from the process is hookah charcoal, charcoal or carbon product. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that the system in this technique has been developed only to obtain pyrolysis solid product, i.e., biochar

[0018] The invention numbered TR2019 / 08179 has been found. This invention relates to a system for recycling carbon and hydrocarbon compounds from organic input materials after pyrolysis by placing the raw material in a reactor chamber and feeding a non-inert sweep gas to this system; the embodiment has a reactor comprising a chamber delimited by upper and lower end wall sections including gas inlet means for introducing heated inert gas into the input material, intended to include the input material in a jacket and compartmentalised form. Here, the gas inlet means is connected with inlet pipes connected with inlet pipes and outlet pipes for removing the gas from the chamber so as to transfer the gas to a gas emission source. In the chamber the gas outlet means is arranged for feeding gas into the chamber, whereby the openings through which the gas flows are arranged such that a drop in pressure dP occurs during the feeding of the gas which exceeds the drop in pressure dM of the gas as it passes through the input material introduced into the chamber. The invention also relates to a method for recycling carbon and hydrocarbon compounds from organic input materials by pyrolysis. When this technique is compared with the present invention, it is understood that, unlike the present invention, sweep gas is used in this technique and the gas transmission pipes are not designed as inclined.

[0019] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Some of the prior art pyrolysis systems require the use of nitrogen gas as a sweep gas to provide an oxygen-free environment in the pyrolysis system, which requires additional costs and processes. With the design of the present invention, there is no need to use sweep gas due to the pressure provided in the transmission pipes.

[0021] The mixing process added to some of the previous techniques requires extra sealing measures. Tar accumulation and blockages can occur in the pyrolysis system, especially in the pipes. The necessity of the present invention arose due to the lack of a laboratory-scale fixed bed pyrolysis system of suitable dimensions to obtain the required amount of pyrolysis products to carry out characterization analyses of the products obtained, as well as trials to use these products for different purposes in different places (e.g., biochar for soil improvement or, as proposed in this application, to obtain wood vinegar from pyrolysis liquid and use it in biological control, etc.).

[0022] The aim of the invention is to design and manufacture a laboratory type fixed bed pyrolysis reactor, to perform pyrolysis processes for experimental purposes at desired temperatures and to obtain biochar and pyrolysis liquid, to obtain wood vinegar from the pyrolysis liquid obtained by precipitation process and to analyse these products and to use them in the scientific trials.

[0023] Another aim of the invention is to enable the pyrolysis process to be carried out on a laboratory scale. Compared to some patents with a more complex form described in the prior art (e.g., patent CN202111551568A), this invention has a simpler form and is a more user-friendly system. In addition, the production cost of the system is lower due to the laboratory scale and simple form of this invention. Although it is laboratory scale, sufficient pyrolysis product amount can be obtained for individual applications, especially in obtaining biochar and wood vinegar for agricultural use. Agricultural business owners can easily obtain pyrolysis products for different uses (such as obtaining biochar to be used in soil structure improvement, obtaining pyrolysis liquid for wood vinegar to be used for biological control of pests) by obtaining this system individually without the need for additional training.

[0024] The nitrogen gas system, which is used as a sweep gas during the pyrolysis process, is no longer required with the pyrolysis system designed.

[0025] With the oval structure given to the lid mechanism, which can be closed tightly to provide an oxygen-free environment in the pyrolysis reactor, and with the diameter of the pyrolysis system transmission pipe and the angle of inclination given to the pipe; gas flow and the flow of liquids that can condense spontaneously in the system are ensured, and densification or blockage (tar accumulation) that may occur in the system is prevented. The system present in this invention is a batch system, unlike the continuous system disclosed in some prior art inventions (e.g., CN201410290296A). Again, in the invention disclosed in this patent CN201410290296A, it is seen that the biomass subjected to pyrolysis is also subjected to drying before pyrolysis. In this system, the drying process is not needed regardless of the moisture content of the biomass. The pyrolysis process can also be applied to the moist product. Therefore, unlike some prior art systems, the present invention does not require the use of high temperature flue gas for the drying process.

[0026] In the present invention, the mixing process and system applied in the pyrolysis reactor in some of the prior art is not used as it would require additional sealing measures to be taken. On the other hand, in order to ensure the heating of the reactor chamber, a 3000 W, 15A double wound resistor was wrapped around the entire body to ensure a homogeneous heat distribution.

[0027] When some prior arts were examined in detail, for example, it was understood that the system described in the invention CN202111551568A has an 'ash removal equipment' and the presence of this equipment indicates that there is ash accumulation in the system as a result of combustion, which indicates that the pyrolysis process does not take place in an oxygen-free environment. In our system, the oxygen-free environment is fully provided and the pyrolysis process is carried out in accordance with the rules specified in the 'European Biochar Certificate'.

[0028] High quality biochar and pyrolytic liquid are obtained with the pyrolysis process carried out with the temperature controller.

[0029] Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1. Perspective view of the pyrolysis reactor

[0031] Figure 2. Side view of the pyrolysis reactor

[0032] Figure 3. Top view of the pyrolysis reactor Reference List

[0033] A Main body

[0034] B Reactor

[0035] C Electrical panel system

[0036] D Transmission pipe system

[0037] E Cooling system

[0038] 1 Stationary reactor

[0039] 2 Reactor chamber

[0040] 3 Resistance

[0041] 4 Thermocouple

[0042] 5 Oval shaped cover system

[0043] 6 Temperature controller

[0044] 7 Resistance cables

[0045] 8 Fire bricks

[0046] 9 Reactor top cover

[0047] 10 Gas transmission pipe system

[0048] 11 Cooling pipes

[0049] 12 Vacuum trap

[0050] 13 Heat resistant outer wall

[0051] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0052] In this detailed description, the preferred alternatives of the laboratory type fixed bed slow pyrolysis reactor developed for the production of biochar and wood vinegar from biomass wastes are described only for a better understanding of the subject matter and in a non-limiting manner.

[0053] This invention, entitled "Laboratory Type Fixed Bed Slow Pyrolysis Reactor Developed for Biochar and Wood Vinegar Production from Biomass Wastes": This invention is a machine system developed to enable the pyrolysis process to be carried out in a laboratory environment under controlled conditions. The purpose of the system is to obtain biochar, pyrolytic liquid, and pyrolysis gas by subjecting agricultural waste and residues (especially those that cannot be evaluated or are difficult to evaluate) to thermochemical decomposition in an oxygen-free environment. The obtained products can be used in various areas such as organic agricultural pesticides, charcoal, activated carbon, fuel, and energy.

[0054] Machine working principle: The products placed in the reactor chamber are subjected to thermochemical decomposition in an oxygen-free environment by adjusting the temperature with the electrical panel system and the gas coming out of the product in the reactor with this thermal process is transmitted to the cooling unit with the transmission pipe system and the pyrolysis liquid is obtained as a result of condensation here, the non-condensable gases are discharged from the system and the biochar products remaining in the reactor chamber after the pyrolysis process are obtained.

[0055] In general, the pyrolysis system is designed to include the main body (A), reactor (B), electrical panel system (C), transmission pipe system (D) and cooling system (E) (Figure 1 ). Figure 2 shows the front view of the pyrolysis system and Figure 3 shows the top view of the pyrolysis system as a technical drawing.

[0056] The outer walls surrounding the main body (A) of the pyrolysis system are made of heat-resistant sheet metal (13). The inside of the metal body is lined with heat resistant fire bricks (8) for heat preservation.

[0057] In order to adjust and control the pyrolysis temperature, an electrical panel control system (C) including the temperature controller (6) to which the resistance (3) and thermocouple (4) are connected was installed and fixed on the side of the main body of the machine.

[0058] The stationary reactor (1 ) and the reactor chamber (2) are located inside the main body of the machine. The reactor chamber is closed with a sealed oval cover system (5) to prevent oxygen ingress and connected to the reactor top cover (9). Double wound resistance (3) was used to ensure the heating of the reactor. The resistance cables (7) inside the body are covered with ceramic beads to provide protection from high temperature. To the reactor fixed in the centre of the bricks, a pipe system (10) was added for gas transmission and connected to the cooling system (E). In order to ensure that the pipe transmission system is less affected by the temperature of the external conditions and to ensure that the pipe temperature is above the condensation temperature of the gases, the transmission pipe is located inside the machine body, including the point where the transmission pipe takes an inclination angle.

[0059] In order to ensure continuous flow without blockage in the system due to the condensation of the gases formed during the pyrolysis process, the one-piece pipe (10) in the transmission system was adjusted with an inclination angle of 5%.

[0060] The outlet temperature of the gas in the transmission pipe was measured using a digital thermometer. Due to the possibility of spontaneous condensation of C5, C6, C7 gases below 100°C and the condensation of the gases released as a result of biomass combustion below approximately 55°C, as a result of the experiments and measurements, it was determined that the length of the pipe (10) should be at a distance of minimum 39 cm to maximum 59 cm from the reactor centre and the necessary changes were made.

[0061] The connection of the transmission pipe system to the cooling system (E) is provided by a plastic part called vacuum trap (12), which is resistant to 250°C temperature.

[0062] Coiled copper cooling pipes (11 ) were used in the cooling unit of the pyrolysis system.

Claims

CLAIMS1. The invention is a laboratory type fixed bed slow pyrolysis reactor for the production of biochar and wood vinegar from pyrolysis liquid, characterized in that it comprises the following: main body (A), reactor (B), electrical panel system (C), transmission piping system (D), cooling system (E), stationary reactor (1 ), reactor chamber (2), resistance (3), thermocouple (4), oval shaped cover system (5), temperature controller (6), resistance cables (7), fire bricks (8), reactor top cover (9), gas transmission piping system (10), cooling pipes (11 ), vacuum trap (12), heat resistant outer wall (13).

2. The invention is a laboratory type fixed bed slow pyrolysis reactor developed for the production of biochar and wood vinegar, characterized in that it comprises the following process steps- thermochemical decomposition of the products placed in the reactor chamber without using sweep gas in an oxygen-free environment by adjusting the temperature with the electrical panel system,- In combination with this thermal process, obtaining pyrolysis liquid as a result of the condensation of the gas coming out of the product in the reactor to the cooling unit with the transmission pipe system,- exhausting non-condensable gases from the system,- obtaining the biochar products remaining in the reactor chamber after the pyrolysis process.

3. An invention according to claim 1 , characterized in that the outer walls surrounding the main body (A) are lined with a heat-resistant outer wall (13) and firebricks (8) to maintain the heat inside the body.

4. An invention according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises an electrical panel control system (C) including a temperature controller (6) to which the resistance (3) and thermocouple (6) are connected, which enables the pyrolysis temperature to be adjusted and controlled.

5. An invention according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a reactor chamber having a sealed oval cover system (5) designed to prevent oxygen ingress.

6. An invention according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a double wound resistor (3) for heating the reactor.

7. An invention according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a piping system (10) and a cooling system (E) which enables the pipe transmission system to be less affected by the temperature of the external conditions and which is located within the machine body, including the point where the transmission pipe takes an inclination angle, so that the pipe temperature is above the condensation temperature of the gases.

8. An invention according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a one- piece pipe (10) in the transmission system which provides continuous flow without blockage, preferably with an inclination angle of 5%, due to the condensation of gases formed during the pyrolysis process in the system.

9. An invention according to claim 1 , characterized in that the length of the pipe (10) is at a distance of minimum 39 cm to maximum 59 cm from the reactor centre.

10. An invention according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a vacuum trap (12) which is resistant to a temperature of 250°C and which connects the transmission piping system to the cooling system.

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