Cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator

Abstract

A cone or cylindrical tube stack with narrow in-between gap circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, creating swirling flow by flowing along the convex outer surface of the inner-stacked cone or cylindrical tube. The inner wall of the outer-stacked cone or cylindrical tube, which is a concave surface, serves as the wall for collecting fluid with larger or higher density particles that is opposite to the surface for swirling, which is disposed in accordance with the separation movement of larger or higher density particles that centrifuged from swirling by their inertial force. The distance that the particles travel towards the wall for collecting fluid with larger or higher density particles is short due to the narrow swirling and separating gaps, combined with the flow on the convex curved surface of the cone or cylindrical tube walls which pressure drag is low, this results in higher swirling speeds than those on the concave inner surface of conventional cyclone, significantly increasing the inertial force of particles centrifuged away from the swirling. Consequently, the separation efficiency of the cone or tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention is much higher than that of conventional cyclone separators. Especially in cases where the cyclone fluid separator according to the present invention is equipped with multi-stage separation, where the final stage utilizes multiple small cyclones, and in configurations where multiple cones are stacked and equipped with device for swirling and counter-flow separation, which convex fluid drainage ridges are installed on the wall for collecting fluid with larger or higher density particles, the ridges curving towards the side that the swirling flow flows to, sloping from the downstream edges of the cones or cylindrical tubes towards the upstream edges of the cones or cylindrical tubes, which counter to the swirling flow along the convex curved surface of the outer circumferential surface of cone or cylindrical tube. When working with a reverse swirling system, enabling to recycle multiple separation within the system before the fluid exits the separator, enabling high separation efficiency for separating various types of fluids mixed into emulsion or separating micron-level dust such as PM 2.5 from the air.

Description

[0001] Title of the Invention

[0002] Cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator Technical Field of the Invention

[0003] This invention relates to a cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator.

[0004] Background of the Related Art

[0005] Cyclone separators have been widely used for a long time and have been continually developed and improved over the past hundred years, resulting in effective separation of two or more fluids with significantly different sizes or densities, such as liquid in gas, water in oil, solid in liquid, and solid in gas. However, they exhibit low efficiency when used to separate two or more fluids with only slight differences in particle size or density, such as various liquids mixed into an emulsion or fine micron- level dust like PM 2.5 in gas. To address this issue and enhance the separation efficiency of cyclone separators, the diameter of the cyclone is reduced to increase the swirling velocity, thereby increasing the centrifugal inertial force of particles moving away from the center of the swirling flow, as described by the formula F=mv2 / r:

[0006] • M = Mass of the fluid particles

[0007] • V = Velocity of the fluid particles moving in a straight line

[0008] • R = Radius of cycle of the circular curve of the swirling flow with centripetal force

[0009] And design to install a large number of small cyclones to increase the separation throughput to compensate for the reduced throughput from the smaller cyclone separator and further to improve separation efficiency by stacking multiple layers of cyclones to increase the number of filtration stages. This design approach is disclosed by patents US7,879,123B2 and US10,639,652B2, but it still does not effectively separate micron-level dust.

[0010] Description and Objectives of the Invention

[0011] The cyclone fluid separator which generate swirling flow along the circumferential surface of cone or cylindrical tube according to the present invention aims to enhance the cyclone separator's capability to separate two or more types of fluids with slightly different densities, which are mixed as an emulsion, and fine particulate matter in the micron range, such as PM2.5 present in gases. The fluid cyclone separator according to the present invention is a circumferential surface swirling cyclone, which consists of cones or cylindrical tubes with spherical surfaces around the circumference. These cones or tubes are stacked with narrow gaps between them to form channel for swirling flow and separation. The outer wall of the inner stacked cone or cylindrical tube, which is a convex curved surface, serves as the surface for creating the swirling flow or surface for swirling flow. The inner wall of the outer cone or cylindrical tube, which is a concave curved surface, is used for collecting fluids with larger or higher density particles that are centrifuged to the wall by its inertial force during swirling. At the upstream end of the cone or cylindrical tube, which serves as the surface for swirling flow, a device for generating the swirling flow is installed. This device may be installed on part or all of the surface around the cone or cylindrical tube. At the downstream end, there is an outlet for fluids with larger or higher density particles, which flow along the collection wall, and an inner outlet for fluids with smaller or lower density particles.

[0012] This cyclone separator according to the present invention create swirling flow on the circumferential surface of cones or cylindrical tubes by Coanda Effect. The swirling flow generated is laminar swirling flow, which facilitates separation, and the circumferential surface swirling cyclone achieves a much higher swirling velocity compared to the conventional cyclone separator which introduce fluid via tangential inlet to generate swirling flow by flowing on the concave internal surfaces of the cyclone separators. Because the pressure drag built up by the flow on concave curve surfaces is much higher than the pressure drag built up by flowing on convex curved surfaces around cones or cylindrical tubes. This results in significantly higher centrifugal inertial forces of the particles moving away from the center of the swirling flow, according to the formula of centrifugal force (F), F = mv2 / r.

[0013] In addition, the swirling flow on the circumferential surface of the cone or cylindrical tube facilitates the separation of fluid particles centrifuged by the inertial force of particles from the swirling flow. Typically, particles tend to move in a straight line, but the centripetal force of the swirling flow causes the fluid to be drawn into the swirl. However, the centrifugal force exerted on larger or higher density particles, which have greater inertial force, causes them to deviate from the swirling flow path, moving outward toward the outer ring of the swirl. These particles then move towards the collection wall, which is opposite the swirling surface. By maintaining narrow gaps between the cones or cylindrical tubes, these gaps become the channels for swirling flow and separation. The inner wall of the outer cone or cylindrical tube serves as the surface for collecting larger or higher density particles that separate due to the centrifugal force and settling when they impact the wall. However, larger or higher density particles (heavy phase) that entrain with the smaller or lower density particles fluid (light phase) take longer and require a greater forward distance to be centrifuged by their inertial force, pushing them against the collection wall to settle. This is particularly challenging when dealing with very small particles, such as micron-level particles, which have low centrifugal inertial force due to their tiny mass. If the channel for swirling flow and separation is too wide, these particles may not reach the collection wall before exiting the cyclone separator, making it ineffective for separating such fine particles. Therefore, the fluid separator according to the present invention designs the swirling flow and separation channel to be narrow, reducing the distance the particles need to travel to reach the collection wall, thereby enhancing the separation efficiency. The optimal width of the swirling flow and separation channel depends on the major factors of size of the fluid particles to be separated and the velocity of the swirling flow that can generate sufficient centrifugal force to separate the fluid particles with such size and density. This enables to design the cyclone separator according to the present invention to effectively separate fluids to achieve the fluid with the desired particle size and density.

[0014] The cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention can also incorporate fluid drainage ridges on the wall designed for collecting larger or higher density fluid particles that centrifuged by their inertial force to impact the wall. These drainage ridges are protruded from the collection wall for larger or denser particles, and their height is a portion of the width of the swirling flow and separation channel. This design allows the swirling flow to pass through the entire channel for swirling flow and separation. The fluid drainage ridge is curved and sloped towards the side that the swirling flow flow to, sloping from the upstream to the downstream end. In cases involving counter flow separation, the ridge slopes from the downstream to the upstream end of the cone or cylindrical tube. The ridge can be straight or curved, with curved ridges being more effective as they enable faster fluid flow along the ridge. These ridges drain fluid from the collection wall for larger or higher density particles and simultaneously trap particles centrifuged by inertial force of particles, ensuring continuous separation throughout the swirling flow channel from upstream to downstream, especially in the cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, which consists of multiple stacked cones where the swirling fluid flows from the cone base to the cone tip, the fluid drainage ridge on the collection wall for larger or higher density particles separated by centrifugal force will continuously separate and drain fluid back towards the cone base, counter flow to the swirling flow in the circumferential surface swirling channel of the cones. This creates a counter flow separation system where fluid separation and drainage occur continuously in opposite directions within the swirling flow and separation channel from upstream to downstream. This system enables the gradual separation of larger particles to smaller particles as the fluid progresses from upstream to downstream, ensuring thorough separation without blockages at the cone tip.

[0015] The circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention is further enhanced for increased efficiency by increasing sedimentation surfaces. This is achieved by stacking cones with open ends at both the upstream and downstream ends into layers. A narrow gap is maintained between each stacked cone, creating a channel for swirling flow and separation. The outer surface of the first cone serves as the swirling surface, while the inner surface of the next cone functions as the wall for collecting larger fluid particles separated by the inertial force of the particles centrifuged to impact the wall, the outer wall of this cone then becomes the swirling surface, and this alternating arrangement continues for the number of cones stacked, with narrow gap between cones. On the wall for collecting the larger or higher density particles, fluid drainage ridges are installed, sloping towards the side that swirling flow flow to, slanted from downstream to upstream, to guide the fluid back to the cone base. The upstream stacked cones are smaller than the downstream ones, with each subsequent downstream cone's open end being slightly smaller than the preceding one. When the cones are stacked, a conical central cavity is formed, tapering from upstream to downstream. The upstream base end of each subsequent cone extends slightly outward from the base of the preceding cone, resulting in an inverted conical structure as the cones are stacked. The base of the cones progressively enlarges from upstream to downstream. These stacked cones are placed on an inverted frustum cone shape basin, where the basin’s shape is in accordance with the stacked cone bases, but the basin is slightly larger to leave a gap between the stacked cone bases and the inner wall of the inverted frustum cone shape basin, forming a channel for creating the swirling flow. A device for generating swirling flow may be installed on certain parts of the basin’s wall, leaving a portion of the cone's bottom unoccupied, or it may be installed over the entire basin wall. The device for generating the swirling flow serves as a transmission base for the fluid, consist of an inlet to introduce the fluid into a distribution chamber. The fluid flows through the gaps between vanes or penetrable slits, generating a swirling flow on the convex curved surfaces of the vanes or the convex curved surfaces next to the penetrable slit, which serve as the inner walls of the inverted frustum cone shape basin. The swirling flow created is a forced vortex type vortex, which the swirling flow will be continuously generated while the fluid is introduced to the cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention. The swirling flow descends through the conical swirling flow channels towards the cone’s tip. At the cone tip, the basin serves as the outlet for the fluid containing larger or higher density particles. In the center of the outlet beneath the conical basin, a smaller reverse-flow guiding cone is installed, leaving an annular gap for separating the fluid with larger or higher density particles. Beyond the annular gap is a chamber for collecting the fluid with larger or higher density particles. The wall of the reverse-flow guiding cone is steeper than the walls of the chamber that collects the separated larger particles. Drainage ridges are installed on the walls of the conical collection chamber. The reverse-flow guiding cone can be adjusted up or down to expand or contract the annular gap between the outlet and the reverse-flow guiding cone, to suit the quantity of larger particles that need to be separated. When the fluid swirls to the end of the inverted frustum cone shape basin, due to the flow through capacity of the separation annular gap is lower than the inflow rate from the fluid inlet. As a result, not all the fluid can pass through the annular gap, causing the fluid to reverse its flow along the surface of the reverse-flow guiding cone. The fluid with larger particles centrifuge to swirl on the outer layer of the swirling flow by the inertial force of the particles, moves down through the separation annular gap. The drainage ridges on the walls of the chamber for collecting the fluid with larger or higher density particles facilitate these particles flow down to the bottom of the chamber. While the smaller particles that entrained along may reverse flow via the reverse-flow guiding cone. In the case of separating fine dust from the air, the dust falls into the collection chamber while the entrained air is swirled out through the reverseflow guiding cone. The chamber collects only the separated dust. As the fluid continuously enters through the device for generating swirling flow, the created swirling flow flows into the swirling flow and separation channels, swirling from the lower one to the upper ones as the fluid level rises within the separator, eventually passing through all the swirling and separation channels. The swirling flow on the circumferential surface of the cone, particles with greater inertial force, centrifuge from the swirling pass through the narrow gaps between the cones, impacting the collection wall for larger particles and the fluid drainage ridges, subsequently drain out from the cone. The separation process occurs continuously as the fluid swirls from the upstream to downstream of the swirling flow and separation channel between the cones. Due to the decreasing circumference of the cone, the velocity of the swirling flow increases as it moves toward the downstream end. With the increasing swirling velocity, the centrifugal inertial force of particles also increases. As separation occurs continuously from the upstream to the downstream end of the swirling and separation channels, fluid particles are separated progressively, starting from larger or higher density particles toward smaller or lower density particles. Smaller fluid particles centrifuged to swirl outward to replace those in the outer layer of the swirling flow which was centrifuged to be separated by their inertial force, even down to micron-sized particles. Larger or higher density particles that are separated flow out the cone along the fluid drainage ridges and enter the swirling flow creation channel. Since the swirling flow generated is a forced vortex type vortex, the swirling velocity is highest at the convex curved surface of the device for generating swirling flow, which is part of the inner wall of the inverted frustum cone shape basin. The separated larger fluid particles drained out from the cone are drawn by the forced vortex type vortex to swirl along the wall of the inverted frustum cone shape basin. As the circumference of the basin decreases continuously from the top to the bottom, larger fluid particles are drawn down to the bottom of the basin and separated through the annular separation gap to the collection chamber for larger or higher density particles. While the smaller or lower density fluid particles swirling in the inner layer of the swirling flow will reverse to swirl upward along the reverse-flow guiding cone.

[0016] During this reverse swirling, particles are separated by the inertial force of particles that centrifuged from the swirling flow. This separation process occurs in every swirling and separation channels. Fluid swirling out from the downstream end of the cone continues to swirl into the axial central cavity which formed by the downstream open end of the stacking cones. Since the downstream opening of the subsequent cone is smaller than the downstream opening of the preceding cone, the outer layer of the swirling fluid which consist of larger or higher density particles, is separated down along the fluid drainage ridges on the inner wall of the subsequent cone. The smaller or lower density fluid particles initially swirling in the inner layer of the swirling flow, swirl out to take their place. Such separation occurs at every downstream opening of the stacked cones until the final downstream opening. The separation of larger or higher density fluid particles from the swirling fluid repeats multiple times throughout the systems, up to the separation of micron-sized particles to achieve the desired fluid particles. Frequency of the separation cycles depends on the inflow rate of the fluid entering the separator and the swirling velocity. If the flow rate is low and the swirling velocity is high, the swirling separation in each system will repeat more times, enable to separate a very small particles or fluids with slight differences in particle size and density.

[0017] The cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention can significantly enhance separation efficiency by connecting multiple separators in series. By connecting the subsequent separator to the downstream end of the preceding one, the higher capacity of the subsequent separator to generate higher swirling velocity making the separators connection resulting higher separation efficiency, enable to further separate smaller or lower density particles. The downstream separator is connected by a pipe extending from the axial central cavity of the subsequent separator, passing through the center of the reverse-flow guiding cone, through the collection chamber for larger or higher density particles, and exiting the separator to connect to the outlet pipe for smaller or lower density particles of the preceding separator. The connecting pipe must have a smaller diameter than the outlet pipe for smaller or lower density particles from the preceding separator to fit into the outlet pipe, creating an annular space around the outlet pipe. This annular space serves as the separation channel for larger or higher density particles swirling at the outer layer, which are then collected in a storage tank and pumped at high pressure into the downstream separator with a higher swirling velocity. When the swirling fluid from the preceding fluid separator passes through the connecting channel at the end of the reverse-flow guiding cone of the subsequent connected fluid separator, the higher swirling velocity generated by the subsequent separator induces the fluid through its viscosity to increase the velocity of the pass-through fluid from preceding separator. To increase the inertial force of the larger or higher density particle to centrifuge from the swirling to be separated then flow out through the annular gap designated for separation and into the collection chamber. The separation process of the various systems of the subsequent connected fluid separator are similar to the previous description. The subsequent fluid separator connected to the downstream of the preceding separator not only increases the swirling velocity but is also designed with narrower gaps between the stacked cones (compared to the preceding separator). This design shortens the distance that particles need to travel to reach the collection wall for larger or higher density particles, as the fluid has already undergone a preliminary separation. The remaining fluid particles are smaller, and the flow speed derived from the inertial force of the particles to centrifuge from the swirling is decreases (in relative comparison to particles with different sizes and masses). Reducing the width of the gap between the cones shortens the travel distance, allowing the fluid particles to more easily reach the collection wall for larger particles, thereby enhancing the separation efficiency. Therefore, multiple cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separators, according to the present invention, can be connected in series to achieve the desired separation objectives efficiently.

[0018] The cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, that are the axial swirling flow separators, can enhance its efficiency by incorporating a device that accelerates the swirling flow. This applies to both the cone-type and cylindrical-type separators. The efficiency can be further increased by installing a swirling flow accelerating device at downstream of the outlet for fluid with larger or higher density particles, enabling multi-stage separation. The swirling flow accelerating device itself is a device for generating swirling flow by introducing fluid from the outside into the cone or cylindrical tube. This accelerating device is aligned axially and positioned at an angle that corresponds with either the cones or the cylindrical tubes and the swirling flow channel at the downstream of the outlet for larger or higher density particles. After the accelerating device, there is an outlet for separating the fluid with larger or higher density particles, which is then collected in a storage tank. A high-pressure pump is used to pump the fluid from the storage tank into the swirling flow accelerating device to accelerate swirling flow along the inner wall of the accelerating device (which also serves as the outer wall of the swirling flow and separation channel), through fluid viscosity to increases the velocity of the passes through fluid, thereby increasing the inertial force of particles to centrifuge from the swirling. This enable to separate even smaller or lower density particles.

[0019] The cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention its separation efficiency and throughput can be improved by reducing the diameter of the cyclone separator, which shortens the circumference and increases the swirling flow velocity. This, in turn, enhances the inertial force of particles centrifuge from the swirling, as per the equation for the inertial force of particles centrifuge from the swirling (F = mv2 / r). By arranging multiple smaller cyclone separators in the same horizontal plane, sharing a common fluid inlet, a common outlet for fluid with smaller particles, and a shared collection chamber for fluid with larger or higher density particles.

[0020] The circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, which can generate a very high velocity laminar swirling flow, is particularly advantageous for separating fluids with larger or higher density particles. These particles, centrifuged by their higher inertial forces from the swirling flow, collide with the collection wall designed to gather such larger or higher density particles. The invention introduces narrow gaps between the cones, reducing the distance that particles need to travel to reach the collection wall, thereby increasing the rate of sedimentation separation. Additionally, the inclusion of fluid drainage ridges on the collection wall helps to capture and quickly drain the fluid with larger particles from the cone or swirling and separation chamber. This system facilitates highly efficient counter flow separation. Furthermore, the invention incorporates a series of stacked cones to increase the surface settling area, with fluid drainage ridges that counter the swirling flow, promoting continuous separation as the fluid swirls through the separation and swirling channel. Separation continues at the downstream open ends of the cones which connect to the central axial cavity. When work together with the swirling flow generating chamber and the reverse swirling assist cone and the axial central cavity, this enables multiple rounds of separation recycling. This includes at sub-separation processes in the swirling generation chamber, at the reverse swirling assist cone, at the separation and swirling channel, and at the downstream open ends of the cones connected to the axial central cavity, before the fluid exits the separator. This invention also introduces methods for connecting multiple cyclone separators according to the present invention to further enhance separation efficiency. Additionally, multiple small cyclone separators according to the present invention, arranged to work together, to further increase separation efficiency and throughput. The circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention can therefore be applied in various fields, such as vacuum cleaners, air purifiers capable of filtering fine dust particles such as PM 2.5, industrial dust collectors, separators for liquids emulsion, such as separating serum from rubber latex, or separating skim milk and cream from milk. Therefore, the cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention have much higher separation efficiency than conventional cyclone separators, representing a significant advancement with inventive step and broad industrial applicability.

[0021] Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] FIG. 1 A is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an axial flow cone stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0023] FIG. IB is a cross-sectional view of an axial flow cone stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0024] FIG. 1C is a three-dimensional view of a device for generating swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface with overlapping penetrable slits through the cone wall.

[0025] FIG. ID is a top view of the device for generating swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface with overlapping penetrable slits through the cone wall, showing the operational layout of the device.

[0026] FIG. 2A is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an axial flow cylindrical tube stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0027] FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the axial flow cylindrical tube stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0028] FIG. 2C is a three-dimensional view of an overlapping penetrable slit on the cone wall type of device for generating swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0029] FIG. 2D is a top view of the overlapping penetrable slit on the cylindrical wall type of device for generating swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface, showing the operational layout of the device.

[0030] FIG. 3 A is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a reverse flow type cone stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface. FIG. 3B is a three-dimensional view of an overlapping penetrable slit on the cone type of device for generating swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0031] FIG. 3C is a top view of the overlapping penetrable slit on the cone wall type of device for generating swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface, showing the operational layout of the device.

[0032] FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of a multi-stage cone stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface with flow acceleration device to accelerate swirling flow.

[0033] FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of a multi-stage cylindrical tube stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface with flow acceleration device to accelerate swirling flow.

[0034] FIG. 4C is a three-dimensional view of a convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit type of swirling flow acceleration device.

[0035] FIG. 4D is a top view of the convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit type of swirling flow acceleration device, showing the operational layout of the device.

[0036] FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of a multiple small-sized cyclones type of cone stack or tube stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0037] FIG. 5B is a top view of the multiple small-sized cyclones type of cone stack or tube stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0038] FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view of a small-sized conical cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0039] FIG. 5D is a three-dimensional view of an overlapping penetrable slit type of conical shape device for generating swirling flow.

[0040] FIG. 5E is a cross-sectional view of a small-sized cylindrical cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface.

[0041] FIG. 5F is a three-dimensional view of an overlapping penetrable slit type of cylindrical shape device for generating swirling flow.

[0042] FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of a multiple stacked cones type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator.

[0043] FIG. 6B is a three-dimensional view of an inner wall convex curved surface next to penetrable slit type of conical shape swirling flow generating device. FIG. 6C is a top view of the inner wall convex curved surface next to penetrable slit type of conical shape swirling flow generating device, showing the operational layout of the device.

[0044] FIG. 7A is a three-dimensional view of a vane-type swirling flow generating device that generates swirling flow on the vane surface which is part of the inner wall.

[0045] FIG. 7B is a three-dimensional view of a vane-type swirling flow generating device that generates swirling flow on the inner wall, which uncovered to show the internal vanes.

[0046] FIG. 8A is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a cone stack swirling and counter flow separation device, at the inner wall of the outer cone features convex drainage ridges installed to drain fluid out from the cone.

[0047] FIG. 8B is a three-dimensional view looking from the open base of the cone towards the downstream open end, showing the inner wall of the cone used as a collecting wall for larger or higher density particles, features convex drainage ridges on the inner cone wall.

[0048] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-stage fluid separation cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator with a plurality of stacked cones.

[0049] FIG. 10A is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a counter flow type of tube stack swirling and separating device, at the inner wall of the outer cylindrical tube features convex drainage ridges to drain fluid out from the tube.

[0050] FIG. 1 OB is a three-dimensional view looking from one end of the cylindrical tube towards the other end, at the inner wall of the outer cylindrical tube used as a collecting wall for larger or higher density particles, convex drainage ridges installed to drain fluid out of the tube.

[0051] FIG. 11A is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an axial fluid inlet type of swirling flow generating device, viewed from below.

[0052] FIG. 1 IB is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an axial fluid inlet type of swirling flow generating device, viewed from above.

[0053] FIG. 11C is a three-dimensional view of the vanes of the axial fluid inlet type of swirling flow generating device, viewed from the central axis outwards to the vanes attached to the central hub.

[0054] FIG. 12A is a three-dimensional view of a convex curved surface next to penetrable slit type of conical shape swirling flow generating device. FIG. 12B is a top view of the convex curved surface next to penetrable slit type of conical shape swirling flow generating device, showing the operational layout of the device.

[0055] FIG. 12C is a three-dimensional view of the convex curved surface next to penetrable slit type of conical shape swirling flow generating device.

[0056] FIG. 13A is a three-dimensional view of the convex curved surface next to penetrable slit type of cylindrical shape swirling flow generating device.

[0057] FIG. 13B is a top view of the convex curved surface next to penetrable slit type of cylindrical shape swirling flow generating device, showing the operational layout of the device.

[0058] FIG. 13C is a three-dimensional view of the convex curved surface next to penetrable slit type of cylindrical shape swirling flow generating device.

[0059] FIG. 14A is a three-dimensional view of the vane type of conical shape swirling flow generating device.

[0060] FIG. 14B is a top view of the vane type of conical shape swirling flow generating device, showing the operational layout of the device.

[0061] FIG. 14C is a three-dimensional view of the vanes and the gaps between the vanes of the conical shape swirling flow generating device.

[0062] FIG. 15A is a three-dimensional view of the vane type of cylindrical shape swirling flow generating device.

[0063] FIG. 15B is a top view of the vane type of cylindrical shape swirling flow generating device, showing the operational layout of the device.

[0064] FIG. 15C is a three-dimensional view of the vanes and the gaps between the vanes of the vane type of cylindrical shape swirling flow generating device.

[0065] FIG. 16A is a cross-sectional view of a cone stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface, where the Coanda Screen filter cone installed at the outlet for separating larger or higher density particles.

[0066] FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view of a tube stack cyclone fluid separator that generates swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface, where the Coanda Screen filter cone installed at the outlet for separating larger or higher density particles.

[0067] FIG. 16C is a three-dimensional view of the Coanda Screen cone filter, showing the wedge wire shape and arrangement on the Coanda Screen cone filter. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0068] Referring to FIGS. 1A, IB, 1C, and ID, the axial swirling flow type (18) of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention comprises stacked cones with narrow gaps between them. These gaps are of a specific width, with the upstream end of the narrow gap sealed by a cover (17) to ensure that the fluid swirl toward downstream only. This gap serves as channel for swirling flow and separation (10). The outer wall, which is a convex circumferential surface of the inner stacked cone, functions as the swirling surface (11). The inner wall, which is a concave surface of the outer stacked cone, serves as the collection surface for larger or higher density particles (12) that are separated by the inertial force of the particles to centrifuge from the swirling flow. At the upstream end of the axial swirling flow type of cone stack cyclone fluid separator, a swirling flow generation device which is conical shape fluid transmission base (1) to be installed. This device consist of a fluid inlet (2) to direct the fluid into a fluid distribution chamber (3), which has a volute shape. On the outer wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device, at least one penetrable slit (4) is provided to introduce the fluid from the fluid distribution chamber to the outer wall of the transmission base. These penetrable slits are gaps between two overlapping circumferential walls of the conical transmission base. The wall next to the penetrable slit (4) is extend backward for a distance and slightly curved downwards from the circumferential outer wall of the transmission base, forming the penetrable slit of overlapping circumferential wall, so the channel does not open as perpendicular blank but rather directs the outlet towards the outer wall of the transmission base, enable the emerging axis (a) from the penetrable slit (4) to contact or close to the convex curved surface (5) of the outer wall of the transmission base next to the penetrable slit (4). This design ensures that the convex curved surface (5) next to the penetrable slit is the closest surface to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit formed by overlapping circumferential walls compared to other surfaces around the penetrable slit. The plurality of penetrable slits (4) and convex curved surface (5) as described is symmetrically installed around the conical transmission base of the swirling flow generation device. The swirling flow generation device is installed at the upstream end of the inner cone. The device can cover part of or the entire outer surface of the inner cone which is surface for swirling (11). The length of the channel for swirling flow and separation is determined based on the swirling flow driving power of the cyclone. The length is suite to maintain the swirling flow speed within the channel without significant reduction. The width of the channel for swirling flow and separation

[0069] (10) depends on the particle size of the fluid to be separated. If the fluid contains large or high density particles, the channel will be wide. If the particles are small or low density, the channel will be narrow. For example, when separating micron or sub micron-sized dust particles from the air, the gap for swirling flow and separation channel (10) would be in the millimeter range. In swirling flow, dust particles are not only affected by its inertial force to centrifuge from swirling flow but also by the drag force of the airflow, which tends to carry the particles along with the swirling flow. Therefore, a narrow gap in the millimeter range is necessary to ensure that the particles centrifuge to impact with the collection surface before exiting the separation system. Additionally, the width of the gap of swirling flow and separation channel also depends on factors such as flow rate and the average swirling speed generated by the separator. At the end of the channel for swirling flow and separation, a dividing cone (14) is provided to separate the fluid with larger or higher density particles, which swirl closely along the collection wall for the larger or higher density particles (12), the fluid with smaller or lower density particles, which swirl closely along the surface for swirling

[0070] (11). The fluid with larger or higher density particles exits through the outlet for larger or higher density particles (13) located adjacent to the outer wall of the outer cone (16). The fluid with smaller or lower density particles exits through the outlet for smaller or lower density particles (15), which is an annular channel between the dividing cone (14) and the inner cone, where the outer wall of the inner cone serves as the surface for swirling (11).

[0071] When fluid is introduced through the fluid inlet (2), either by upstream pressure or downstream suction from the separator, if suction from the downstream end, it should be done through the outlet for the fluid with smaller or lower density particles that have already been separated. As the fluid enters the fluid distribution chamber (3), it is either pushed or sucked through the penetrable slit (4), due to the Coanda Effect (fluid tends to flow closely along the closest convex curved surface and continue to flow along it, even that surface deviates from the original flow direction). The fluid is then deflected to flow along the convex curved surface (5) adjacent to the penetrable slit, around the circumferential surface of the outer wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generating device (1). With multiple sets of penetrable slits and convex curved surfaces next to the slits are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base, the fluid emerging from each slit flow closely to the convex curved surface adjacent to the penetrable slit, flow in relay to generate swirling flow around the circumferential surface of the outer wall of the transmission base. This swirling flow, induced by the Coanda Effect, fluid is deflected to flow closely along the convex curved surface results in laminar swirling flow. The flow flow closely along the convex curved surface, which the flow pressure drag is lower than the flow pressure drags in the channel for swirling and separation (10), where is filled with fluid and under higher pressure. Additionally, the flow along the concave curved surface of the collection wall (12) experiences significantly higher flow pressure drag. Consequently, the fluid tends to swirl along the convex curved surface of the swirling wall (11), resulting in swirling flow along the surface for swirling (11). The swirling flow along the convex curved surface of the swirling wall (11) has a much higher velocity than the swirling flow along a concave curved surface, which is commonly used in conventional cyclone separators that use the concave curved surface of cyclone cone to force fluid to flow around the inner wall of the cyclone cone to create swirling flow in the cyclone cone. The high swirling velocity generates higher inertial force of the particles to centrifuge from swirling. As the diameter of the cone gradually decreases towards the downstream end, the swirling speed gradually increases from upstream to downstream, further increasing the inertial force of the particles to centrifuge from swirling flow. The cone stack cyclone fluid separator according to the present invention, creates swirling flow along the convex circumferential surface of the inner cones, and the channel for swirling and separation (10) is designed to be a narrow channel (on the range of millimeters when separating micron or sub micron dust). Fluid with larger or higher density particles, by their inertial force centrifuge to the outer layer of the swirling flow, close to the collection wall for larger or higher density particles (12), allowing them to take a very short distance to centrifuge to impact with the collection wall (12). Therefore, the cone stack cyclone fluid separator according to the present invention perform separation at very high efficiency. If the gap of the swirling and separation channel is too wide, as in conventional cyclone separators, particles may not reach the collection wall and could exit the separator before being separated, especially for small particles. The separated fluid that swirls along the collection wall for larger or higher density particles (12) is discharged through the outlet for the fluid with larger or higher density particles (13). The fluid with smaller or lower density particles that swirl at inner layer closer to the surface for swirling (11) is discharged through the outlet for the fluid with smaller or lower density particles (15).

[0072] According to Figures 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D, the axial flow type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, can also be designed as a cylindrical tube stack, as shown in Figure 2A. Instead of cone stack it is cylindrical tubes stack, all other components are the same as those in the cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator, which creates swirling flow on the convex outer circumferential surface of stacked cone, swirling flow in an axial direction, as described above. The difference is that the cones are replaced by cylindrical tubes, where the circumference of the cylindrical tube remains constant throughout the tube. The swirling velocity does not increase as it moves toward the downstream end, unlike the conical design.

[0073] According to Figures 3A, 3B, and 3C, the reverse swirling flow type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention (40). It consists of stacked cones with narrow gaps between them, creating a space for swirling and separation (29). The outer wall of the inner cones provides the surface for swirling (30), while the inner wall of the outer cones serves as the collection surface for fluid containing larger or higher density particles (31) that are separated by the inertial force of the particles to centrifuge from swirling flow. At the upstream end of the stacked inner cone, a swirling flow generation device (20) is installed, which is a transmission base consist of a fluid inlet (21) located on the top cover (38a) of the swirling flow generating device, which directs the fluid into the fluid distribution chamber (22). This chamber has a volute shape, with the entrance being wide and gradually narrowing towards the downstream end to distribute the fluid through at least one penetrable slit (23) around the base of the swirling flow generation device. The penetrable slit (23) is formed by the overlapping of two circumferential walls, with the downstream wall of the penetrable slit curving slightly downward from the circumferential edge and extending back towards the upstream for a certain distance. This design prevents the penetrable slit from opening perpendicularly to the circumferential surface but rather directs it towards the outer wall of the cone, which serves as the convex curved surface adjacent to the penetrable slit. This allows the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (23) contact or close to the convex curved surface (24) of the outer wall adjacent to the penetrable slit, provide that it is the closest surface compared to other surfaces around the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (23). The swirling flow generation device (20) installed at the upstream end can be placed along part of the surface for swirling or throughout the entire surface for swirling (30). The swirling and separation channel (29) extend to the end of the cone. At the downstream opening of the cone, a reverse swirling cone (32) is installed. The base diameter of the reversal swirling cone is smaller than the downstream opening of the cone, leaving an annular space between the reverse swirling cone and the wall of cone opening, serving as an annular separation channel for the fluid with larger or higher density particles (33). The reverse swirling cone can be adjusted up or down to expand or contract the annular space to control the separation rate as desired, further down the annular separation channel (33) is a chamber for collecting the separated fluid with larger or higher density particles (34). Above the reverse swirling cone, a tube is installed to serve as the outlet for the fluid with smaller or lower density particles (35) that have been separated, directing them out of the separator through the outlet (37). The top cover (38b) of the separator must be wide enough to close the swirling and separation channel (29) to ensure that the fluid flows in one direction towards the downstream end.

[0074] When the fluid is introduced into the reverse swirling flow type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, either by pushing through the fluid inlet (21) or drawn out through the downstream outlet, which serves as the outlet for the separated fluid with smaller or lower density particles (37). The fluid is directed into the fluid distribution chamber (22), which has a volute shape, to distribute the fluid through at least one penetrable slit (23) which are symmetrically arranged around the wall of the transmission base. When the fluid emerge through the penetrable slit, which is the overlapping blank between two circumferential walls, the emerging axis of the penetrable slit is contact or close to the convex curved surface (24) next to the penetrable slit on the outer wall of the transmission base. Due to the Coanda Effect, the fluid is deflected and flows closely along the convex curved surface (24) next to the penetrable slit (23) on the outer circumference of the outer wall of the transmission base. Even though the convex curved surface adjacent to the penetrable slit deviate from the emerging axis (a) of the slit, as shown by the fluid flow path A, where the flows from each slit flow along the convex curved surface adjacent to the penetrable slit symmetrically arranged around the wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device, flow in relay to each other. This creates swirling flow around the outer wall of the transmission base and continues to swirl along the surface for swirling (30). As discussed earlier in the axial swirling flow type of circumferential surface swirling cyclone fluid separator (18, 18’), generate swirling flow in the swirling and separation channel (29), swirling along the convex curved surface induce to form laminar swirling flow, which is conducive to separation, with a swirling velocity much higher than that generated on the concave walls of conventional cyclone separators, because swirling flow on the convex curved surface experiences lower pressure drag or resistance from pressure, and as the circumference shortens from upstream to downstream, according to the conical shape, the swirling velocity increases continuously as it moves towards the downstream end of the cone. With the increasing velocity and acceleration, the inertial force of the particles to centrifuge from the swirling flow is high, and combined with the narrow swirling and separation channel (29), there is a very short distance that the larger or higher density particles centrifuge to impact the collection wall (31) for larger or higher density particles. This results in high separation and sedimentation efficiency. As the fluid swirls to the end of the cone, the separated and collected fluid on the collection wall (31) flows out through the annular separation channel for larger or higher density particles (33), down into the collection chamber (34). The fluid drainage ridges installed on the inner wall of the collection chamber (34) facilitate the larger or higher density fluid particles quickly drain down to the bottom of the chamber. The fluid with smaller or lower density particles, swirling in the inner layer near the surface for swirling (30), contacts the reverse swirling cone (33), reverses to swirl up, entering the inlet (36) of the tube for draining the separated fluid with smaller or lower density particles (35) out from the separator through the tube outlet (37). As the fluid swirls back along the surface of the reverse swirling cone, larger particles by their inertial force to centrifuge from the swirling flow to swirl at the outer layer, passing through the annular separation space for larger or denser particles (33) and falling into the collection chamber (34). Any smaller or lower density fluid that entrain to flow into the collection chamber, which swirls at the inner region of the chamber for collection larger or higher density particles, swirl reverse upward along the reverse swirling cone. During the reverse swirling, if larger or denser particles are present, they are centrifuged by their inertial force down through the annular separation space for larger or denser particles into the collection chamber once again. The fluid with smaller or lower density particles enter the inlet (36) of the tube for draining smaller or lower density particles (35) out from the separator, leaving only the heavier particles in the collection chamber (34). In the case of dust filtration, only the dust remains, while the air is carried out. The reverse swirling flow type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone fluid separator according to the present invention thus exhibits high separation efficiency, effectively separating larger or higher density particles from smaller or lower density particles.

[0075] According to Figures 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D, the axial swirling flow type of cone stack or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, the separation efficiency can be enhanced by accelerating the swirling flow. The system comprises a cone stack or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator, with narrow spaces between the cones or tubes forming the swirling and separation channels (42, 42'), which feature surface for swirling (43, 43'), the swirling and separation channels (42,42’) are relatively long. Downstream of the outlet for the fluid with larger or higher density particles (45, 45') a swirling flow acceleration device (46, 46') is installed around the swirling and separation channels (42, 42'), with the space for swirling and separation widening at the point where the acceleration device (46, 46') is installed compared to the outlet for the fluid with smaller or lower density particles, which have already been partially separated. The swirling flow acceleration device (46) is a conical transmission base, as shown in Figures 4C and 4D, or it could be cylindrical shape (not shown in the figures), but with a similar structure, differing only in that the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device is cylindrical shape). The device consist of a fluid inlet (47) that directs the fluid into a fluid distribution chamber (48), which surround the penetrable slits, with at least one penetrable slit (49) symmetrically arranged around the transmission base. These slits guide the fluid from outside into the inner cavity (52) of the transmission base. Next to the penetrable slits is a penetrable slit side edge block

[0076] (50), at the inner exit side of the penetrable slit featuring a convex curved surface (51) that curves towards the inner wall of the transmission base. The convex curved surface

[0077] (51) next to the penetrable slit is the closest surface to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit compared to other surfaces around the penetrable slit (49). The swirling and separation channels (42), the surface for swirling (43), and the wall for collecting the fluid with larger or higher density particles (44) are extended downstream for a certain distance, then an outlet (56) is installed next to the wall for collecting the heavier fluid particles (44). This outlet serves as the exit for the fluid with larger or higher density particles (56), which is directed into a storage tank (57) and then using pump (58) pumped with high pressure back into the inlet (47) of the swirling flow acceleration device (46). The fluid to be divided by a dividing cone (59), which open both upstream and downstream ends. Inside the dividing cone, there is an exit for the fluid with smaller or lower density particles that have already been separated, to flow out through the outlet (60).

[0078] When the fluid in the separator swirls within the swirling and separation channel (42) till the fluid with larger or higher density particles is separated out through the outlet for fluid with larger or higher density particles (45, 45'), the remaining fluid, with smaller or lower density particles, continues to swirl at a certain speed within the swirling and separation channel (42, 42'). To further separate the fluid into smaller or lower density particles, the swirling flow should be accelerated by the swirling flow acceleration device (46). The device should be match the separator — conical for conetype separators and cylindrical for cylindrical-type separators, with corresponding angles and widths to the separator. When fluid is pumped from the storage tank (57) using a high-pressure pump (58) into the inlet (47) of the swirling flow acceleration device, it enters the fluid distribution chamber (48). The high-pressure pumping increases the fluid pressure within the distribution chamber, and as the fluid flows through the penetrable slit (49), it converts pressure energy into kinetic energy, resulting in high-speed flow. Due to the Coanda Effect, the fluid deflected and flows along the convex curved surface (51) adjacent to the penetrable slit (49) at high speed. The symmetrical arrangement of the penetrable slits and the convex curved surfaces next to the penetrable slit around the inner wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow acceleration device (46) causes the fluid that flow along the convex curved surfaces to flow in relay, creating a swirling flow within the inner cavity. This swirling flow through its viscosity induces the remaining fluid, which has passed through the previous separation stage, to increase swirling speed or achieve a speed close to that generated by the swirling flow acceleration device (46). As the swirling speed increases, the centrifugal inertial force of the particles to centrifuge from' swirling also increases, allowing smaller or lower density particles to be separated and precipitated onto the wall for collecting larger or higher density particles (43, 43'), and then exit through the outlet for heavier fluid (56, 56'). By designing the separation process to allow for more fluid to be separated from the separator than fluid to be recycled to the separator via the inlet of the swirling flow acceleration device, the fluid can be separated into smaller and lower density particles as required, which will exit through the outlet for smaller or lower density particles (60, 60') that have been separated. As shown in Figures 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E, and 5F, the cone stack or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, the separation efficiency can be enhanced to the level to filter or separate micron or sub-micron-level dust particles. This can be achieved by installing a large number of small cyclones (73, 73') within the separator, as shown in Figures 5C and 5E. These small cyclones have a short diameter, resulting in a shorter circumferential path for the swirling fluid to flow around, leading to higher swirling speeds. The curvature of the small cyclones, due to their short diameter, a same length arc line of the circumference subtend a bigger angle compared to longer diameters, gaining particles for a greater inertial force to centrifuge. The design of narrow channels for swirling and separation (83, 83') between the stacked cones or cylindrical tubes further enhances separation efficiency. However, small cyclones can only process a limited throughput volume of fluid, so it must be compensated by increasing numbers of small cyclone to achieve the desired throughput. The cone stack or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, can be designed for multi-stage fluid separation to separate fluids from large particles down to medium and small sizes without the need for additional screen filters which can be clogged easily. This enables the system to operate efficiently, similar to use screen filter to pre-filter before allowing fluid to enter the small cyclones to prevent them from clogging, or akin to ensure that the separated fluid meets the desired standards by adding a HEPA filter in a cyclone vacuum cleaner to clean the air before releasing it into the atmosphere as per the vacuum cleaner available in the market. The cyclone separator according to the present invention (61) has a cylindrical shape housing a large number of small cyclones (73, 73') inside. It consist of a tangential fluid inlet (62) that introduces the fluid through a lateral channel at the wall of the chamber for swirling and separating large particles (63). This creates a swirling flow in the cylindrical annular chamber for separating large particles (63) which connected to the fluid inlet. The wall for collecting large particles (64) is a concave wall adjacent to the separator wall, and the wall for swirling (65 / 1) is a convex curved surface of the wall adjacent to the chamber for swirling and separating medium-sized particles (68). The chamber for collecting large and medium particles (66) is located below the channel for separating large particles (63). The chamber for separating medium-sized particles (68) is connected above the chamber for collecting heavy and medium-sized particles (66), forming a relatively narrow gap between the chamber for separating large particles (63) and the chamber for installing small cyclones. The convex wall of the chamber for separating medium-sized particles serves as the wall for swirling (69 / 1), while the opposite concave wall acts as the collection wall for larger or higher density particles (here refer as medium size) (65 / 2). On the collection wall for medium-sized particles, a fluid drainage ridge (210) can be installed, as shown in Figure 10A, which is inclined and convex curved towards the side that the swirling flow to, directing the fluid down into the chamber for collecting large and medium particles (66). Above the swirling and separation chamber for medium-sized particles (68) is a fluid distribution chamber (70) to distribute the fluid evenly into the small cyclones, whether conical or cylindrical (73, 73'). The distribution chamber is wide at the inlet and gradually narrows, with a sloping ceiling (71) to evenly distribute fluid into all the small cyclones, which are arranged vertically. The outer ring contains larger conical cyclones (73), as shown in Figure 5C, while the inner ring contains smaller cylindrical cyclones (73'), as shown in Figure 5E. Although the outer ring cyclones are larger than the inner ring cyclones, both outlets (88, 88') for the separated fluid with smaller or lower density particles have the same or similar size. At the top of the cyclones, there is a baffle plate (89) with holes matching to fix the cyclones, sealing the space from the wall (69 / 2) of the medium-sized particle swirling and separation chamber to the wall (98 / 2) of the outlet channel for the cleanly separated fluid. This ensures that the fluid only flows into the small cyclones' inlets. Below the outlets for larger or higher density particles separated from all the small cyclones, a baffle plate (90) is installed to separate the outlets for the larger or higher density particles from those for the smaller or lower density particles. This baffle plate is slanted downward to allow the separated fluid to flow down along the sloped baffle, passing through the gap (93) between the baffle and the chamber wall (69 / 2) where the small cyclones are installed, into the chamber for collecting small particles (94) or fine dust. Beyond the outlets for the smaller or lower density particles separated from the small cyclones, a baffle plate (91) is installed to separate the cleanly separated fluid outlet from the chamber for collecting small particles (94). The baffle seals the outer gap (92) between the baffle (90) and baffle (91), creating a channel between the upper and lower baffles (96) for collecting the cleanly separated fluid from all the small cyclones, connecting to the outlet channel for the cleanly separated fluid with smaller or lower density particles (97). The collection channel for the cleanly separated fluid starts narrow at the upstream and gradually widens downstream to distribute the suction force evenly across all the clean fluid outlets of the cyclones. The small cyclones installed in the cyclone separator are circumferential surface swirling cyclone separators, either conical (73) or cylindrical (73’), are small cyclones, meaning they have a short diameter. These are cone stack or cylindrical tubes stack with narrow gaps between them to form channels for swirling and separation (83, 83’). The outer wall of the inner stacked cone or cylindrical tube serves as the swirling surface (84, 84’), while the inner wall of the outer stacked cone or stacked cylindrical tube acts as the collection wall for fluids with larger or higher density particles (85, 85’). At the upstream end of the cone or cylindrical tube, a swirling generating device (74, 74’) with penetrable slits formed by overlapping of two walls is installed. This serves as the transmission base that channels the fluid from the inside to the outer wall of the transmission base, comprising a basin for bring in and distributing fluid (75, 75 ’) that is a conical or cylindrical basin. The wall of the basin has at least one slit (76, 76’), derived from overlapping of the outer walls of the transmission base. The downstream wall of the penetrable slit (76, 76’) is curved down from the outer circumference of the transmission base to form a penetrable slit from the basin inside to the outer wall. This wall extends slightly backward to be covered by the upstream wall of the penetrable slit, ensuring that the penetrable slit does not open perpendicularly to the outer wall of the transmission base. Instead, the penetrable slit is directed towards the convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit, which is the outer wall of the transmission base. Such positioning causes the emerging axis of the penetrable slit close to the convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit (refer to Figures ID and 2D for further details). The convex curved surface (78, 78’) next to the penetrable slit is the closest surface to the emerging axis of the penetrable slit. The penetrable slits and the convex curved surfaces next to penetrable slits are arranged symmetrically around the transmission base. The swirling flow generating device (74, 74’) is designed to match the shape of the stacked cones or cylinders, the outer side the swirling flow generating device is covered with an outer cone that matches the shape of the inner stacked cones or cylindrical tubes. The top of the gap between the cones or tubes is sealed with an annular closure plate (80, 80’) to direct the swirling flow only towards the tip of the cone or tube. The basin floor (79, 79’) is sealed with a baffle plate (82, 82’) so that the fluid passes only through the slit (76, 76’). The gap between the stacked cones or cylindrical tubes forms the swirling and separation channel (83, 83’). The swirling flow generating device is installed on the stacked cones or cylindrical tubes at the upstream end of the cone or tube, or a swirling flow generating device may be applied throughout the length up to the separation channel for the larger or higher density particles (87, 87’).

[0079] When the fluid is suctioned through the tangential inlet (62) and drawn out through the downstream outlet (99), the fluid entering tangentially creates a swirling flow in the chamber for generating the swirling flow and separating the fluid with larger particles (63). The larger particles are separated and fall into the chamber for collecting larger and medium-sized particles (66). The swirling fluid continues to swirl upwards along the partition wall (67) between the chamber for collecting larger and mediumsized particles (66) and the chamber for collecting small particles (94). The fluid swirls upward into the channel for swirling and separating the fluid with medium-sized particles (68) along the convex curved surface of the wall surface for swirling (69 / 1). Due to the centrifugal inertial force of the larger or higher density particles are higher, and the narrow separation channel, the larger or higher density particles can easily move to impact the collection wall for larger or higher density particles (65 / 2). They then flow out along the drainage ridge (210), which is a convex sloping ridge protruded on the wall surface that slopes to the side that the fluid flow to from downstream to upstream, as shown in Figure 10A, and fall into the chamber for collecting larger and medium-sized particles (66), causing counter flow separation process, while the flow swirls upward, achieves high separation efficiency. When the fluid, partially separated, passes through the channel for swirling and separating the medium-sized particles (68), it is suctioned through the fluid distribution chamber (70) into the fluid distribution basin (79, 79’) of the swirling flow generating device (74, 74’) of each small cyclone. The outer ring consists of conical cyclones (73), and the inner ring consists of cylindrical cyclones (73’). The fluid enters the penetrable slits (76, 76’) which derived from overlapping of circumferential walls, symmetrically arranged around the circumference of the conical or cylindrical swirling flow generating device (74, 74’). Due to the Coanda Effect, the fluid emerging from the penetrable slits (76, 76’) is deflected and flows closely along the convex curved surface of the outer wall of the conical or cylindrical swirling flow generating device, which serves as the surface for swirling (78, 78’). The fluid flowing through each penetrable slit and flow closely along the convex curved surface next to the penetrable slits on the outer wall of the swirling flow generating device flow in relay to each other, creating a swirling flow along the convex curved surface around the wall of the conical (74) or cylindrical (74’) swirling flow generating device. The flow along the convex curved surface is in high-speed, and with the short diameter of the conical small cyclone, the swirling flow speed is further increased, enhancing higher centrifugal inertial force of the particles. The swirling flow generating device is installed at the upstream end of the stacked cones or cylindrical tubes, and the swirling flow generating device and the stacked cones or tubes should be correspondingly match each other. The narrow gap between the cones or tubes forms a narrow channel for swirling and separation (83, 83’). Its upstream end is sealed with a cover plate (80, 80’) to force the fluid to swirl only towards the tip of the cone or cylindrical tube. Due to the narrow swirling and separation channel, the distance for the particles in the fluid to travel to impact the inner wall of the outer stacked cone, which acts as the collection wall for larger or higher density particles (85, 85’), is short, allowing for efficient separation. The outlet for larger or higher density particles (87’), a short distance downstream from the outlets for larger or higher density particles (87, 87’) of all the small cyclones, has a baffle plate (90) that blocks the gap between all the installed cones, allowing only the tips of the conical cyclones to pass through. This serves as an inclined surface slope outward from circumferential wall of the outlet tube (99) of the cyclone separator to collect the fluid flowing out from the outlets for larger or higher density particles of the small cyclones, directing it through the annular gap (93) into the chamber for collecting small particles (94). A short distance downstream from the outlets for smaller or lower density particles (88, 88’) of all the small cyclones, a baffle plate (91) blocks the chamber for collecting smaller particles (94), with the floor sloping from the center downwards towards the sides. This creates a gap between the baffle plate (90) and the baffle plate (91), forming a space (96) to collect the fluid with smaller or lower density particles that have been separated by all the small cyclones. The collection space for the separated clean fluid (96) from all the small cyclones is small at the upstream end and gradually enlarges towards the downstream end to evenly distribute the suction force. The upstream end of the open space is sealed with a baffle plate (92) to create suction only at the outlets for smaller or less lower density particles of all the small cyclones. At the downstream end of the gap, a check valve can be installed to allow fluid to flow out through the annular gap (93) only, which can be used for backwashing to clean the separator periodically. The clean, separated fluid is suctioned out from the collection space for the clean, separated fluid through the common channel (97) out from the outlet (99) of the multi-stage cone stack or tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator which consist of numerous small cyclones according to the present invention, which conduct multi-stage separation, and the small cyclone separator, which generates a swirling flow along the circumferential surface with high swirling flow velocity, creating high inertial force for the particles moving away from the center of the swirling flow, combined with narrow swirling and separation channels, allows particles to travel short distances to impact the collection wall for larger or higher density particles, achieving very high separation efficiency, enable to separate micron-sized dust particles.

[0080] As shown in Figures 6A, 6B, and 6C, the reverse swirling flow type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention. It can further enhance the separation efficiency by stacking multiple cones with narrow gaps between them on the inverted frustum cone shape basin of the swirling flow generating device, to increase the surface area for settling and separation. The outer wall of each cone, which is a convex curved surface, serves as the surface for swirling, while the inner wall, which is a concave curved surface, serves as the collection surface for fluid with larger or higher density particles. When the cones are stacked with narrow gaps between them, the outer wall of the inner cone serves as the surface for swirling, allowing the fluid to swirl from the base towards the tip open end of the cone. The concave curved inner wall of the outer stacked cone serves as the collection surface for larger or denser particles, which are separated by the inertial force of the particles to centrifuge from the swirling flow. The collection wall for heavier or higher density fluids is equipped with drainage ridge, directing the separated fluid out through the ridge towards the open base of the cone in a counterflow separation process. The cones are stacked in this manner on the inverted frustum cone shape basin of the swirling flow generating device transmission base. The forced vortex type vortex flow created in the channel for generating swirling flow induce fluid to swirl up into the multilayer stacked cones, providing numerous channels for swirling and separation, as well as multiple fluid collecting and settling surfaces. This design results in a highly efficient fluid separator. The reverse swirling flow type of multilayer cones stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, consist of a forced vortex type vortex flow generating device which is an inverted frustum cone shape transmission base (101) to generate swirling flow in the inverted frustum cone shape basin. Which consist of a fluid inlet (102), a fluid distribution chamber (103), and at least one penetrable slit (104) penetrating from the distribution chamber into the internal cavity (107) of the transmission base. Next to the penetrable slit is an adjacent blockage (105), which the inner edge of the blockage forming a convex curved surface (106) next to the penetrable slit, curving inward towards the wall. The emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit is contact or close to the convex curved surface (106) next to the penetrable slit on the inner wall. The convex curved surface (106) next to the penetrable slit is the closest surface to the emerging axis (a) compared to other surfaces around the penetrable slit (104). The penetrable slits and the surfaces next to the penetrable slit are symmetrically arranged around the swirling flow generating device transmission base (101). The end of the convex curved surface (106) next to the penetrable slit, curving inward towards the inner wall of the swirling flow generating device transmission base, extends slightly beyond the circumferential line of the inner wall. The internal cavity (107) of the swirling flow generating device transmission base has an inverted frustum cone shape (107) and contains multiple stacked cones, open at both the upstream and downstream ends. The cones are stacked, provided with gap between the inner wall of the swirling flow generating device transmission base (101) and the base of the stacked cones. This gap, with a certain width, serves as the chamber for creating swirling flow (111). The cone (112) is stacked in layers, with at least one cone having both an upstream open end (113 / 1) and a downstream open end (113 / 2). The outer surface of the cone wall serves as the swirling surface (114 / 1), while the inner surface of the cone wall serves as the collection surface for larger or higher density fluid particles (114 / 2) that impact with it during the separation process within the narrow swirling and separation channel (115a) between the stacked cones. The inner surface of the cone, which serves as the collection surface for larger particles (114 / 2), features a fluid drainage ridge (160) as shown in Figures 8 A and 8B. This ridge slopes towards the side the swirling flow flow to and extends from the downstream open end (113 / 2) at the cone tip down to the upstream open end (113 / 1) at the cone base. The fluid drainage ridge can be either a straight ridge or a convex ridge (160), as illustrated in Figure 8A. The convex curved ridge (160) is more efficient because the flow over a convex curved surface experiences minimal drag from pressure. The fluid drainage ridge (160) is protruded to a certain height above the collection surface for larger or higher density fluid particles (114 / 2). The interval between the fluid drainage ridges widen as the cone base becomes broader. Additional secondary drainage ridges (161), as shown in Figures 8A and 8B, mav be added between the two primaries drainage ridges The secondary drainage ridges (161) start from cone base up to a certain height and do not need to extend to the cone tip, as the drainage ridges would converge the ridge interval to be too narrow. The second cone (116) is stacked onto the first cone (112), leaving a narrow gap between the cones, forming the swirling and separation channel (115b). The convex outer wall of the first cone serves as the swirling surface (114 / 1), while the concave inner wall of the second stacked cone serves as the collection surface for larger or higher fluid particles (118 / 2). Multiple cones are stacked separately, with narrow gaps between them, within the inverted frustum cone shape basin (107) of the swirling flow generating device transmission base (101). The first stacked cone (112) is the shortest, with the smallest upstream open end (113 / 1) and the widest downstream open end (113 / 2) compared to the other cones stacked after it. The cones stacked downstream increase in length, with the upstream open ends gradually widening and the downstream open ends gradually narrowing. The topmost cone in the stack (125), which is the last cone in the stack, is the longest, with the widest upstream open end (124 / 1) and the narrowest downstream open end (124 / 2), creating a conical axial central cavity (123). This axial central cavity is widest at the upstream end and gradually narrows towards the downstream end, forming an axial central cavity (123) that provide a communication place for the swirling flow of fluid through the multilayer stacked cones. The base of the stacked cones forms an inverted frustum cone shape to match the shape of the inverted frustum cone shape basin (107) ofthe swirling flow generating device transmission base (101). The gap between the base of the stacked cones and the inner wall of the inverted frustum cone shape basin of the swirling flow generation device transmission base (101) forms the chamber for creating swirling flow (111), allowing the fluid to swirl closely along the exposed part of the cone bases in the channel for creating swirling flow (111) and swirl through the swirling and separation channel formed between the stacked cones. The swirling and separation channels are shortest at the first channel (115a) (counting from the flow direction), and the subsequent channels become progressively longer from the upstream to the downstream direction to prevent fluid from shortcutting from the chamber for creating swirling flow (111) directly into the downstream swirling and separation channel and out through the axial central cavity (123) to the outlet (127) without swirling through all the swirling and separation channels. Beneath the first stacked cone (112) at the bottom of the inverted frustum cone shape basin (107) of the swirling flow generating device transmission base (101), a reverse swirling cone (119) is installed, with a tilt angle matching the tilt angle of the stacked cones. The gap between the reverse swirling cone and the first stacked cone forms the first swirling and separation channel (115a). The annular gap between the reverse swirling cone and the outlet wall beneath the inverted frustum cone shape basin forms the annular separation channel for larger or higher density fluid particles (120). The cross-sectional area of the annular separation channel for larger or higher density fluid particles must be less than the total cross-sectional area of all the inlet passages in the swirling flow generating device to create a reverse swirling flow and effectively separate larger or higher density fluid particles from smaller or lower density ones. The reverse swirling cone (119) may have a mechanism to adjust the cone up or down, reducing the cross-sectional area of the annular channel by raising the cone or increasing the cross-sectional area by lowering the cone. Below the reverse swirling cone (119) is a collection chamber for larger or higher density fluid particles (121). The wall of the collecting chamber connected to the swirling flow generating device transmission base (101) is angled less steeply than the reverse swirling cone (119). A fluid drainage ridge (160), as shown in Figures 8A and 8B, may be installed on the wall of the collection chamber for larger or higher density fluid particles to expedite the discharge of fluid from the annular separation channel (120) into the bottom of the collection chamber for larger or higher density fluid particles (121). The bottom of the collection chamber may be equipped with an outlet with a control valve (122) to release the larger or higher density fluid particles. The end of the tube (127) connected to the axial central cavity (123) serves as the outlet for the smaller or lower density fluid particles (127) after separation.

[0081] When the fluid is introduced through the inlet (102) by forcing it into the fluid distribution chamber (103) surrounding the penetrable slit (104) of the transmission base of the swirling flow generating device ( 101), the fluid flows through the penetrable slit (104). Due to the Coanda Effect, the fluid is deflected and flows closely along the convex curve surface (106) adjacent to the penetrable slit, which is the surface closest to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (104). The fluid continues to flow closely along the convex curved surface adjacent to the penetrable slit, even if that convex curved surface (106) deviates from the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit. The penetrable slits (104) and their adjacent convex curved surfaces (106) are symmetrically arranged on the wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generating device (101), resulting in the fluid flowing along the convex curved surfaces adjacent to each penetrable slit, flow in relay to induce a swirling flow in the chamber for creating swirling flow (111). The swirling flow speed is highest at the inner wall circumference of the chamber for creating swirling flow (111), which is the outermost layer of the swirl flow. This flow creates a forced vortex type vortex swirling flow. The swirling flow generated by the Coanda Effect results in a laminar swirling flow that is conducive to separation. The chamber for creating swirling flow (111) has a conical shape, with the diameter of the chamber gradually decreasing from the upstream to the downstream direction. As a result, the swirling speed increases continuously, and the inertial force of fluid particles centrifuging from the swirling increases accordingly. This causes larger or higher density particles which swirl closely to the chamber walls, swirling down to the bottom of the conical basin of the swirling flow generating device transmission base (101). Since the cross-sectional area of the annular separation channel for larger or higher density particles (120) allows less fluid to pass through than the total fluid introduced via the penetrable slits, a reverse swirling flow is generated. This reverse flow effectively separates the larger or higher density particles that swirl along the outermost layer of the swirl and swirl through the annular separation channel (120) into the collection chamber for larger or higher density particles (121). The remaining fluid, consisting of smaller or lower density particles, swirls up along the outer wall of the reverse swirling cone (119) and continues swirling upward through the first swirling and separation channel (115a). The swirling flow along the outer circumferential surface of the cone is much faster than on the concave curved surface of a conventional cyclone separator. The inertial force of the particles centrifuging from the swirl is significantly higher, as the centrifugal inertial force is directly proportional to the swirling speed. Due to the conical shape, where the diameter gradually decreases from the upstream end to the downstream end, an acceleration in flow velocity is created from upstream to downstream. The inertial force of the particles centrifuging from the swirling flow increases from upstream to downstream, which corresponds with the separation of particles in the swirling flow and separation channel (115a). This process begins by separating the fluid with larger or higher density particles at the upstream end of the cone and progressively separates the fluid with smaller or lower density particles as the flow swirls toward the downstream end. Separating smaller or lower density particles downstream of the cone requires increasing particle inertial force to centrifuge from the swirl. Since smaller or lower density particles have less mass, their centrifugal inertial force is lower, so the increasing swirling speed towards the downstream cone compensates for this lower particles centrifugal inertial force, allowing these particles to impact with the collection surface for larger or higher density particles (114 / 2). The fluid is then directed along the fluid drainage ridge (160) installed on the collection surface for larger or higher density particles (114 / 2), which is the inner wall of the first stacked cone (112), as shown in Figure 8A. The larger or higher density particles separated by their centrifugal inertial force along the swirling flow path (y) are intercepted by the fluid drainage ridge (160) and flow along the drainage ridge (160) along the flow path (z) out of the cone, counter to the swirling fluid moving upwards along the swirling surface of the reverse swirling cone. This creates continuous separation throughout the swirling and separation channel (115a) as a counter flow separation system, which is highly efficient. The separation continues from upstream to downstream in the swirling and separation channel, with the larger or higher particles being separated first. The smaller or lower density particles, originally swirling in the inner layer of the swirl, are swirling out to the outer layer instead then separated by the centrifugal inertial force and subsequently removed. This separation process occurs throughout the swirling and separation channels up to the downstream open end, where the twisted ridges at the end of the fluid drainage ridge (162) spiral towards the cone base of the wall serving as the collection surface for larger or higher density particles, as shown in Figure 8B. This creates a swirl of larger or higher density particles that flow into the swirling fluid in the chamber for creating swirling flow (111). The swirling flow created in the chamber for creating swirling flow (111) is a forced vortex type vortex flow, with the highest swirling speed at the outermost layer of the swirl near the inner wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generating device. This pulls the larger or higher density particles down along the fluid drainage ridge (160) into the outermost layer of the swirl, where they swirl downward and are separated through the annular separation channel for larger or higher density particles, as described earlier. The larger or higher density particles centrifuged by particles inertial force which are intercepted by the auxiliary fluid drainage ridge (161) in the upstream section of the cone are drained out along the auxiliary drainage ridge as previously described. The auxiliary drainage ridge increases fluid draining capacity. This separation process occurs in every swirling and separation channel, and the swirling flow from the axial central cavity that flows from the first swirling and separation channel (115a) reaches the downstream open end of the first stacked cone. The fluid swirling on the swirling surface (114 / 1) of the first stacked cone squeeze the swirling flow from the axial central cavity, pushing the outermost swirling flow, consisting of larger or higher density particles, down along the fluid drainage ridge installed on the collection surface for larger or higher density particles (114 / 2). When the swirling fluid in the axial central cavity reaches the collection surface for larger or higher density particles (118 / 2) in the second swirling and separation channel (115b), it is intercepted by the fluid drainage ridge (160) and flows down along the drainage ridge (160) along the flow path (z) out of the cone as described earlier. Separation at the downstream open end of the stacked cones occurs for every downstream open end in the manner described, with the separated larger or higher density particles swirling down to the chamber for creating swirling flow (111) and being separated through the annular separation channel for larger or higher density particles (120). The smaller or lower density particles will swirl up along the reverse swirling cone and re-enter the separation system as described. This separation process continues for multiple cycles as long as the fluid remains in the separator. The fluid drainage ridge on the inner wall of the collection chamber for larger or higher density particles (121) direct the fluid down along the ridges to the bottom of the collection chamber (121). Part of the base of the reverse swirling cone extends below the entrance of the collection chamber into the upper part of the chamber, assisting in the return of smaller or lower particles that entrain along, swirling up along the reverse swirling cone (119). For example, in cast of dust filter, when some air entrained with dust was separated down to the collecting chamber, the air will swirl up along the reverse swirling cone, leaving the dust in the collection chamber (121). The forced vortex type of vortex swirling flow created in the chamber for creating swirling flow (111) will be the source of energy to generate the swirling force that continuously drives the fluid swirl through at least one swirling and separation channel (115a) as long as fluid is introduced into the separator. The forced vortex type of vortex swirling flow generated along the inverted frustum cone shape of the chamber for creating swirling flow (111) pulls larger or higher density particles down along the inner wall of the swirling chamber into the annular separation channel for larger or higher density particles (120), separating them into the collection chamber for larger or higher density particles (121).

[0082] The fluid swirling in the chamber for creating swirling flow will enter the first swirling and separation channel (115a) adjacent to the reverse swirling cone (119) located at the bottom, will progressively swirl upward through subsequent swirling and separation channels, as the fluid level in the swirling chamber rises with the increased volume of fluid being introduced. These channels become progressively longer, the upstream swirling and separation channel is the shortest, while the subsequent channels gradually increase in length. Therefore, the fluid swirls through the upstream swirling and separation channel before swirling through the downstream swirling and separation channel out through the axial central cavity (123).

[0083] The axial central cavity is conically shaped due to the design and arrangement of the stacked cones. As the fluid swirls out of the swirling and separation channel, it swirls upward through the axial central cavity (123). When it reaches the next cone, which has a smaller downstream open end, the larger or lower density particles swirling in the outer layer of the swirl are intercepted by the fluid drainage ridge installed on the collection surface for larger or higher density particles. These particles then flow down and out of the cone along the fluid drainage ridge and are separated through the annular separation channel for larger or higher density particles (120), descending into the collection chamber for larger or higher density particles (121). This process occurs at every downstream open end of the stacked cones until the final cone, which has the longest swirling and separation channel and performs the most separation, yielding the desired clean fluid. This fluid is then discharged through the outlet for smaller and lower density particles (127) that have been separated.

[0084] As mentioned above, the separation system in the chamber for creating swirling flow (111), the removal separation through the annular separation channel for larger or higher density fluids (120), the separation in the swirling and separation channels (115a... n), the separation at the downstream open ends of the cones (113 / 2...n) stacked and connected to the axial central cavity (123). The larger or lower density particles are separated into the collection chamber for larger or higher density particles, while the smaller or lower density particles swirl up along the reverse swirling cone (119) and reenter the separation system. The fluid undergoes multiple cycles of separation in each system until it is eventually discharged from the separator. The number of separation cycles before the fluid exits the separator depends on the inflow rate, swirling speed, and capacity of the cyclone separator according to the present invention. Thus, the reverse swirling flow type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention can be designed to separate various types of fluids containing slightly different particles mixed as emulsions, as well as micron- level or sub-micron dust such as PM 2.5 from the air.

[0085] As shown in Figures 7A and 7B, the ieverse swirling flow type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention, can be equipped with a vane-type swirling flow generating device that creates swirling flow on the inner vane surface, as shown in Figure 7A. This swirling flow generating device primarily utilizes kinetic energy, relying on the flow velocity to create swirling flow with a low pressure loss. The vane-type swirling flow generating device (130) is a conical transmission base that comprises a fluid inlet (131) and a fluid distribution chamber (132) shaped like a volute with a wide entrance that gradually narrows toward the downstream end to distribute fluid into the gaps between the vanes (138). At the inlet, there is a baffle ( 133) to divide the incoming flow and the swirling flow, directing the fluid into the vane leading edge (135) while narrowing the swirling flow path into a smaller channel for further swirling. The vanes (134) have an oval cross-sectional shape, with a convex, nearly rounded leading edge and a tapering trailing edge. The vanes are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base, with the outer vane leading edge (135) slanted outward toward the fluid distribution chamber (132), and the outer vane trailing edge (137) slanted inward, aligning the outer vane trailing edge (137) with the inner vane leading edge (139) of the next vane, leaving a gap (138) between the trailing edge of the current vane and the leading edge of the next vane. The inner vane edge of the next vane curves in convex curvature from the leading edge (139) through the vane ridge side (140) toward the trailing edge (141), with the inner trailing edge (141) curving back slightly from the inner circumferential wall of the transmission base. The vanes are symmetrically arranged in this manner around the circular transmission base. The vane-type swirling flow generating device is a conical transmission base with an outer wall (144), topped with a lid (143) and bottomed with a base plate (145), leaving a central inverted frustum cone shape chamber (142) for generating swirling flow and serving as an inverted frustum cone shape basin for stacking cones with open ends at both the upstream and downstream ends as described earlier.

[0086] When fluid is introduced through the fluid inlet (131) of the vane-type swirling flow generating device to generate swirling flow within the conical chamber for creating swirling flow (130) by upstream pressure, the fluid is deflected by the baffle (133), which divides the incoming flow and swirling flow, directing the fluid to impact the outer vane leading edge (135). Due to the Coanda Effect, the fluid deflected and flow closely along the convex curved surface of the outer vane leading edge, flows along the vane ridge side (136) toward the outer vane trailing edge (137), and passes through the gap between the vanes (138). Again, due to the Coanda Effect, the fluid is deflected to flow closely along the convex curved surface of the inner vane leading edge (139) of the next vane, and then continues along the vane ridge side (140), curving convex curved surface toward the inner vane trailing edge (141), which curves back slightly from the inner circumferential wall of the transmission base. The vanes are symmetrically arranged in this manner around the transmission base, and the fluid distribution chamber (132) has a volute shape to evenly distribute fluid into all the gaps between the vanes. The fluid flowing through the gaps between the vanes (138) and the convex curved surface of the inner vanes flow in relay resulting in swirling along the inner wall of the transmission base and generating swirling flow within the chamber for creating swirling flow (142). The swirling velocity reaches its maximum on the convex curved surface of the inner vanes, which is the outermost layer of the swirl, creating a forced vortex type vortex swirling flow with laminar swirling flow that is conducive to separation with high swirling velocity and low pressure loss. The concave wall of the fluid distribution chamber wall (144) serves as the pressure side, while the convex curved surface of the vane side in the fluid distribution chamber serves as the suction side, facilitating fluid flow along the outer vane ridge side, through the gap between the vanes, and into the interior.

[0087] As shown in Figure 9, the reverse swirling flow type cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to the present invention can enhance separation efficiency further by adding multiple filtration stages (multi-stage separation). This is achieved by connecting several such cyclone separators in series at the downstream. The downstream separator (100') is connected via a connecting tube (170), which links the outlet for fluid with smaller or lower density particles (127) of the preceding separator (100) to the downstream separator (100'). The connecting tube passes through the collection chamber for larger or higher density particles of the next separator (100') and exits at the outlet of the reverse flow assist cone (171 / 2). The diameter of the connecting tube is smaller than the outlet ( 127) for the fluid with smaller or lower density particles of the preceding separator (100). The connecting tube (170) between the two separators fits into the center of the outlet (127) of the preceding separator (100). The gap between the outlet (127) of the preceding separator (100) and the connecting tube (170) forms an annular space for separating fluid with larger or higher density particles (172) that swirls in the outermost layer of the swirling flow as it exits the preceding separator (100). These larger or higher density particles are separated through a gravity control disc (173) that regulates the flow rate, leading to an outlet for the larger or higher density particles (174) to direct the separated fluid into a storage tank (175). A high-pressure pump (176) pump the fluid from the storage tank into the swirling flow acceleration device. Two types of swirling flow acceleration devices are available: one that accelerates the swirling flow on the convex curved surface beside the penetrable slit, as shown in Figures 6B and 6C, which converts pressure energy into kinetic energy to achieve a very high acceleration rate, and another vane-type device that generates swirling flow in the inner swirling chamber, as shown in Figure 7A, as previously described. These devices accelerate the swirling flow of the fluid to speed up the swirling speed higher than the swirling speed of the fluid coming from the preceding separator through the connecting tube (170) between the two separators. The flow rate of the fluid being pumped into the next separator must be less than the flow rate of the fluid exiting the preceding separator to ensure separation and prevent insufficient fluid flow into the system. The channel for swirling and separation derived from the gap between the stacked cones of the next separator should be narrower than that in the preceding separator, as the fluid has already undergone separation. The fluid being further separated in the next separator will contain smaller or lower density particles, with lower centrifugal inertial force. Therefore, the separation gap must be narrowed to shorten the distance for the particles to travel to impact the collection wall for larger or higher density particles easily. The axial central cavity (123') of the next separator should be smaller than the axial central cavity (123) of the preceding separator, as the fluid volume passing through is reduced. A smaller axial central cavity accelerates the swirling speed in the central cavity due to the shorter circumference. The fluid, which has been accelerated to a speed higher than that of the fluid swirling from the previous separator, through the fluid's viscosity to induce and accelerate the swirling speed of the fluid coming from the previous separator through the connecting tube between the separators (170), exiting through the outlet (171 / 2) at the end of the reverse flow assist cone with a higher swirling speed, approaching or matching the swirling speed generated by the swirling flow acceleration device of the subsequent separator. Inducing through viscosity of fluid to accelerate the swirling speed of the incoming fluid occurred at every downstream open end of the stack cone that connected with the axial central cavity. The induced increasing swirling speed, combined with the narrower gap of the channel for swirling and separation, results in higher separation efficiency Additionally, it enhances the separation efficiency in the chamber for creating swirling flow system that works with the annular space for separating larger or higher density particles. The other systems and operating principles are similar to those of the preceding separator, as described above. The cone stack cyclone separator according to the present invention can be extended by connecting beyond two separators using the design and principles as mentioned previously to achieve the desired fluid separation.

[0088] As shown in Figures 8A and 8B, the device for swirling flow and counter flow separation in the form of a cone (1 2) has open ends both at the upstream (157) and downstream (158). The outer wall serves as the surface for swirling flow (163), while the concave inner wall serves as the surface for collecting fluid with larger or higher density particles (159). On the surface for collecting fluid with larger or higher density particles, a fluid drainage ridge (160) is installed. This ridge, which has a certain height, is a convex curve sloping towards the side that the swirling flow flow to, sloping down from the cone tip towards the cone base. Due to the wider base of the cone, the space between the fluid drainage ridges are large, so additional auxiliary fluid drainage ridges (161) may be added between the main fluid drainage ridges. These auxiliary ridges, which are convex curves rising slightly from the cone base, are shown in Figure 8B. When at least two such cones are stacked, leaving narrow gaps between them, these gaps serve as spaces for swirling flow and separation (153). The outer wall of the inner cone, which is convex curved surface, becomes the surface for swirling flow (156), while the concave inner wall of the outer cone serves as the surface for collecting fluid with larger or higher density particles (159). These cones for swirling flow and separation can be stacked in large numbers in this manner. When fluid swirls from the cone base into the gap between the cones, which serves as the space for swirling flow and separation (153), the fluid will swirl around the convex surface along the outer circumferential wall of the inner cone. The pressure on the convex surface is the lowest compared to other areas in the swirling flow and separation space (153), whether it be the central space or the concave inner wall of the outer cone, which serves as the collection surface for larger or higher density particles (159). Therefore, the fluid swirls on the convex curved surface where the pressure is lowest, experiencing the least pressure drag compared to swirling in other areas of the swirling flow and separation space (153). The speed of swirling on the convex cured surface for swirling flow is much higher than that on the concave walls surface of the cone of the conventional cyclone separators. Higher swirling speed results in higher inertial force of the particles to centrifuge from the swirling, and the swirling flow generated by swirling along the convex circumferential surface due to the Coanda Effect will be a laminar swirling flow which is conducive to separation. The swirling flow and separation space (153) is formed by stacking cones such that the outer wall of the inner cone serves as the swirling flow surface (1 6), while the opposite concave inner wall of the outer cone serves as the collection surface for larger or higher density particles, which is in accordance with the separation pattern of particles by its inertial force centrifuged from the swirling and impact the collection wall. Combine with the narrow swirling flow and separation gap (153) makes it easier for separated fluid particles to move towards the collection surface. With the main fluid drainage ridges (160) and auxiliary drainage ridges (161) which are convex and have a certain height, occupying only part of the channel for swirling flow and separation (153). These convex ridges slope towards the side that the swirling flow flow to, from the cone tip down to the cone base, or from the middle of the cone down to the base in the case of the auxiliary drainage ridges (161). The tip (160’) of the main fluid drainage ridge (160) and the tips (161’) of the auxiliary fluid drainage ridge (161) are curved towards the inner wall of the cone base. When fluid particles separated by its inertial force centrifuged via the swirling path (y) impact with the convex drainage ridge (160) sloping toward the side that the swirling flow flow to, the fluid, due to the low pressure on the convex curved surface, quickly flows down and out of the cone along the convex drainage ridge path (z). The separation of fluid with larger or higher density particles begin at the upstream drainage ridge near the cone base. The smaller or lower density fluid particles, previously swirling on the inner swirling layer, will swirl out to replace them and to be separated. This separation continues as the fluid swirls in the channel for swirling flow and separation (153). Larger or higher density particles are separated first, followed by smaller or lower density particles. As the cone diameter continuously decreases, the swirling speed increases, raising the inertial force of particles centrifuged from the swirling, matching the continuous separation of fluid, leaving only small or low-density particles, requiring higher centrifugal inertial force for separation. This resulting a very high efficiency counter flow separation. Such counter flow type of swirling flow and separation cones can be multiple stacking to further enhance separation efficiency.

[0089] As shown in Figures 10A and 10B, the device for swirling flow and counter flow separation in the form of a cylindrical tube operates on the same principle as the swirling flow and counter flow separation device in the form of cone as described earlier, with the difference being that it is cylindrical rather than conical. Because the tube is cylindrical, with a uniform cross-section from the upstream to the downstream, there is no need for auxiliary drainage ridges only the primary drainage ridges are necessary. The device for swirling and counter flow separation in the form of cylindrical tube consist of the cylindrical tube for swirling flow and separation (202) has an inner wall that is concave and serves as the surface for collecting fluid with larger or higher density particles (209). On this wall, a fluid drainage ridge (210) is installed, protruding slightly from the wall's surface. The ridge is convex and slopes towards the side that the swirling flow flow to, from the downstream opening back towards the upstream opening of the cylindrical tube. When these cylindrical tubes are stacked with narrow gaps between them, the gaps serve as channel for swirling flow and separation (203). The outer wall of the inner cylindrical tube serves as the surface for swirling (206). When fluid enters the upstream section of the swirling flow and separation space (203), it swirls along the circumferential surface of the outer wall (206) of the inner cylindrical tube (201). This surface has the lowest pressure compared to other areas within the swirling flow and separation space (203), and the flow along the convex curved surface of the outer circumferential wall of the cylindrical tube experiences the least pressure drag compared to other areas within the channel for swirling flow and separation (203). As the fluid swirls through the channel swirling flow and separation (203), the greater centrifugal inertial force of the larger or higher density particles, pushing them outward, as illustrated by the swirling path y. These particles then impact with the collection surface (209) and intercepted by the fluid drainage ridge (210), flowing down along the ridge and out of the cylindrical tube, resulting in counter flow separation. Separation occurs throughout the path as the fluid swirls through the swirling flow and separation space (203), sorting the fluid from larger or higher density particles to smaller or lower density ones.

[0090] As shown in Figures 11A, 1 IB, and 11C, the vane type of device for generating swirling flow, with axial fluid intake (300). This device consist of vanes (303) with aerodynamic surfaces installed in the annular gap between the central hub wall (301) and the wall of a cylindrical tube or cone (302). A cover (315) seals the central hub (314), forcing the fluid to pass exclusively through the annular gap. This design aims to achieve high velocity components and tangential components in the flow as desired. The leading edge (304) of the vane has a convex curve, and the vane ridge side (305) curves in convex curvature along the vane to the trailing edge (306). This design induces the Coanda Effect, causing the fluid deflected to flow closely along the convex curved surface of the van ridge side. The concave side of the vane (307) is designed to increase thickness to reduce concavity to minimize turbulent flow and helping fluid to flow closely along the convex surface of the next vane. The outer edge of the vane (308) is more twisted and longer than the inner edge (309). The vane tip (306) curves slightly back, with the outer edge (310) curving back to a lower point compared to the inner edge (311), (when measured from the height of the central hub). The gap between the trailing edges of the vanes (313) should be narrower than the gap at the leading edge (312) to increase the velocity of the flow passing through the trailing edges. When these vanes are symmetrically arranged around the central hub, with the vane width spanning the annular gap between the central hup and the outer wall of the swirling flow device, and twisting longitudinally from upstream to downstream along the annular gap, the downstream outer edge of the vane is twisted to a lower level and is longer than the inner edge of the vane, forming a conical shape around the central hup. As fluid passes through the annular gap between the vane edges in the axial direction, either pushed from the upstream or drawn out from the downstream, the majority of the fluid will follow the convex curved surface of the vane’s leading edge (304). Due to the Coanda Effect, the fluid is deflected to flow along the convex curved surface of the vane, flowing closely along the vane ridge side (305) to the trailing edge (306), and then across the gap to flow closely along the vane ridge side of the next. A smaller portion of the fluid that flows beneath the vane, where the concavity is reduced by increasing its thickness, is guided towards the vane ridge side (305) of the next vane. This symmetrical arrangement of vanes around the central hub, with the outer vane edge twisted more, longer, and lower than the inner vane edge, creates a conical shape. The fluid swirls along the convex curved surface of the vanes, generating a swirling flow around the conical shape of vanes arrangement. The aerodynamic design of the vanes, as described, results in a much higher swirling velocity on the convex surface of the vanes compared to the inner concave surface of traditional cyclone separators. The swirling flow generated by Coanda Effect of the present invention will be laminar swirling flow, conducive to efficient separation.

[0091] As shown in Figures 12A, 12B, 12C, and Figures 13A, 13B, 13C, the device for generating swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface utilizes the convex curved surface beside the penetrable slits to create swirling flow around the outer wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device. The swirling flow generation device, which serves as the transmission base, can be either a conical base (400) or a cylindrical base (400'). This device focuses on converting pressure energy into kinetic energy, allowing to achieve a very high swirling flow speed. It can achieve speeds as high as necessary by building up the pressure level that sufficient to convert to desired speed by creating a pressure difference before and after the penetrable slit, resulting in the desired swirling flow speed after the penetrable slit. The device for generating swirling flow along the circumferential surface using the convex curved surface beside the penetrable slits, which creates swirling flow around the outer wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device, consist of a fluid inlet (401, 401’), a fluid distribution chamber (402, 402’), located inside to distribute fluid into at least one penetrable slit (403, 403’) mounted on the wall (407, 407’) surrounding the fluid distribution chamber (402, 402’). The penetrable slits (403, 403’) are narrow channels that pass from the fluid distribution chamber to the outside. Beside the outer side of the penetrable slits is a convex curved surface (405, 405’) beside the penetrable slits (403, 403’) in the direction of flow, curving from the penetrable slit towards the next penetrable slit, curving towards the outer wall slightly beyond the outer circumference (409, 409’) of the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device. Locate the penetrable slit so that the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit is contacted to or close to the convex curved surface (405, 405’) beside the penetrable slit (403, 403’), ensuring that the convex curved surface beside the penetrable slit is the closest surface to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (403, 403’) compared to other surfaces around the penetrable slit (403, 403’). The convex curved surfaces beside the penetrable slits and the multiple sets of penetrable slits are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device. The top of the swirling flow generation device is sealed with a cover (410, 410’), and the bottom is closed with a floor plate (411, 411’), forcing the fluid to exit only through the penetrable slit. When fluid is pushed into the fluid inlet into the fluid distribution chamber (402, 402’), the fluid is directed into the penetrable slits (403, 403’). Due to the Coanda Effect, the fluid will deflect and flow closely along the convex curved surface (405, 405’) beside the penetrable slits, as this surface is closest to the emerging axis compared to other surfaces around the penetrable slits (403, 403’). With the installed penetrable slits (403, 403’) and the convex curved surfaces (405, 405’) beside the penetrable slits, the flow on each convex curved surface flow in relay. Since the trailing edge of the convex curved surface curves inward towards the outer wall of the transmission base, extending beyond the outer circumference of the outer wall, thereby inducing the swirling flow to flow closely along the convex curved surface, which is part of the outer wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device. The highest swirling velocity is achieved at the outer wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device, where the fluid is deflected to flow along the convex curved surface beside the penetrable slits, swirling around the outer wall of the transmission base of the swirling flow generation device. This creates a high-speed, laminar swirling flow that is conducive to separation. In the case where the swirling flow generation device's transmission base is conical (400), with the circumference gradually decreasing from upstream to downstream, the swirling speed increases from upstream to downstream, increasing the inertial force of particles to be centrifuged the swirling flow from upstream to downstream. In the case where the swirling flow generation device's transmission base is cylindrical (400’), since the circumference of the cylinder is constant from upstream to downstream, the swirling velocity remains relatively constant from upstream to downstream, except in cases where the cylindrical transmission base is very long, in which the swirling fluid's speed at the downstream end may decrease slightly due to reduced driving force.

[0092] As shown in Figures 14A, 14B, 14C, and Figures 15A, 15B, 15C, the device for generating swirling flow by flowing along the circumferential surface using vanes create swirling flow around the outer wall of the transmission base. This configuration can either be in the form of a conical shape (500) or a cylindrical shape (500’). The swirling flow generation device with vanes utilize the convex curved surfaces of the vanes to deflect the flow to flow along the outer wall, where the convex surfaces are symmetrically arranged around the circular base of the device. These convex curved surfaces of the vanes accelerate the swirling flow, primarily relying on kinetic energy to generate swirling and maintain swirling velocity. Consequently, this vane type swirling flow generation device features low pressure loss and a high flow rate. The vane type circumferential surface swirling flow generation device comprises vanes arranged around a circular base. The cross-sectional shape of the vanes is elliptical, with the leading edge being more rounded and the trailing edge being more tapered. The outer-facing side of the vane is more convex to align with the outer circumferential line, while the inner-facing side is also convex but less so than the outer side. The vanes are symmetrically arranged in a circle, with the inner leading edge (505, 505’) angled inward towards the inner space and the inner trailing edge (507, 507’) angled outward towards the circumferential line (511, 511’). The next set of vanes is arranged similarly, leaving a narrow gap between the trailing edge of the previous vane and the leading edge of the next vane, creating an inter-vane channel (503, 503’). The outer leading edge (508, 508’) of the subsequent vane is parallel to the inner trailing edge (507, 507’) of the preceding vane. The outer vane curves in convex curvature from the leading edge (508, 508’) through the vane ridge side (509, 509’) to the trailing edge (510, 510’), with the trailing edge curving slightly inward beyond the outer circumferential line (511, 511’). The vanes are arranged in this manner symmetrically around the circular base. In the case of conical vane arrangement (500), the shape of the vanes take on a trapezoidal form as shown in Figure 14C. In the case of a cylindrical vane arrangement (500’), the shape of the vanes takes on a rectangular form as shown in Figure 15C. The interior space of the flow transmission base is partitioned into a volute core to create a fluid distribution chamber (502’) with a volute shape to evenly distribute fluid into all the inter-vane channels (503, 503 ’). The top of the flow transmission base is sealed with a cover (513, 513’), and the bottom is sealed with a base plate (514, 514’). The fluid inlet (501, 501’) is located at the top of the volute fluid distribution chamber to allow fluid to flow through the inter-vane channels and swirl along the outer vane ridge side, where multiple vanes form the outer wall of the flow transmission base, serving as the surface for creating swirling flow. The fluid intake can also be designed as an impeller compressor that draws fluid from the center and distributes it outward into the annular fluid distribution chamber surrounding the vanes, guiding the fluid through the vanes into the inter-vanes channel and onto the outer vane ridge side to initiate swirling. When fluid is pushed through the inlet (501, 501’) into the volute shape fluid distribution chamber (502, 502’), part of the fluid impacts the inner leading edge (505, 505’) of the vane. Due to the Coanda Effect, the fluid is deflected along the convex curved surface of the vane, flowing along the inner vane ridge side (506, 506’) towards the inner trailing edge (507, 507’). The fluid continues to flow through the inter-vane channel (503, 503’) and flow along the convex curved surface of the outer leading edge (508, 508’) of the subsequent vane, flow closely along the outer vane ridge side (509, 509’) to the trailing edge. Some of the fluid that impacts the outer leading edge (508, 508’) is also deflected to flow along the convex curved surface of the outer vane ridge side, as described. To flow through the narrow inter-vane channel and continue to flow closely along the convex curved surface of the outer vane ridge side create a drawing force that pulls fluid from the preceding vane's trailing edge towards the subsequent vane's outer ridge side (509, 509’). The symmetrical arrangement of the vanes around the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow, the fluid flow from each vane flow in relay, generating a swirling flow around the outer wall of the fluid transmission base.

[0093] As shown in Figures 16A, 16B, and 16C, the circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator uses a Coanda Screen to separate fluids with larger or higher density particles. After the fluid has been swirled on the circumferential surface of the swirling device (601, 601’), either conical (601) or cylindrical (601’), the fluid flows along the convex curved surface of the conical or cylindrical wall, which serves as the swirling surface (603, 603’). The fluid with larger or higher density particles, having more inertial force to centrifuge from swirling, moves towards the outer layer of swirling, impacting the wall for collecting the larger or higher density particles (604, 604’) while the fluid flows through the swirling and separation channel (602, 602’). This separation process occurs continuously. When the swirling fluid reaches near the end of the cone or cylinder, a Coanda Screen cone is fitted in place of the outer wall, extending to the end of the cone or cylinder to separate the larger or higher density particles . The Coanda Screen cone has slightly smaller angle than the angle of the inner cone to enhance the separation of larger or higher density particles. As shown in Figure 16C, The Coanda Screen cone (606) consists of a conical structure with wedge wires (609). These wedge wires have a triangular cross-sectional profile and are fixed along the length of the conical structure, with narrow gaps between them (610). The flat side of the wedge wire (b) faces inward as the inner wall of the Coanda Screen cone, while the triangular side (h) faces outward. Due to the curvature of the Coanda Screen cone, the flat side of the subsequent wedge wire (in the direction of swirling flow) forms an angle greater than the preceding wedge wire's flat side. When fluid with larger or higher density particles swirls along the wall for collecting larger or higher density particles and reaches the Coanda Screen cone, as shown in the flow line in Figure 16C, the Coanda Effect causes the larger or higher density particles to flow along the flat surface of the wedge wire, pass through the gaps between the wires, and move towards the sidewall of the triangular wedge wire, exiting the cone, the remaining fluid, containing smaller or lower density particles swirl out to replace, flowing along the flat surface of the next wedge wire and towards the sidewall of the triangular wedge wire, exiting the cone. This separation process continues throughout the fluid flows through the gaps between the wedge wires until the fluid reaches the end of the Coanda Screen cone. The fluid with larger or higher density particles is separated by the Coanda Screen cone, and the remaining fluid, which passes through the outlet for smaller or lower density particles (605), is the fluid that already been filtered.

[0094] The best method of the invention As referred to in the detailed description of the invention.

Claims

Claims1. A cone or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator with axial swirling flow, comprising: at least two cones (18) or cylindrical tubes (18') stacked together, with narrow gaps between the cones or cylindrical tubes serving as swirling and separating channel (10, 10'); the outer walls of the inner stacked cones or cylindrical tubes, which are convex curved surfaces, functioning as surfaces for swirling (11, 11'); the inner walls of the outer stacked cones or cylindrical tubes, which are concave curved surfaces, serving as walls for collecting fluids with larger or higher density particles that are centrifuged the swirling flow by their inertial force to impact the wall (12, 12'); the stacked cones or cylindrical tubes having a certain length, with the outlet for fluid with larger or higher density particles (13,13’) at outer walls at the ends of the cones or cylindrical tubes; dividing cones or cylindrical tubes (14, 14') inserted into the swirling and separating channel (10, 10') slightly before the outlets for fluids with larger or higher density particles (13, 13'), to divide the flow into an outer outlet for fluids with larger or higher density particles (13, 13') and an inner annular outlet for fluids with smaller or lower density particles (15, 15') located between the dividing cone or cylindrical tube and the inner stacked cone or cylindrical tube; a device for generating swirling flow by flowing along the outer circumferential surface, serving as a transmission base that introduces fluid into the separator, installed upstream of the stacked cones or cylindrical tubes when the stacked cones or cylindrical tubes are installed inside an external structure, or installed upstream on the cones or cylindrical tubes at the outer wall of the inner stacked cones or cylindrical tubes that function as the surface for swirling (11, 11'), in this case, the shape, size, and angle of the outer wall of the device for generating swirling flow must correspond to the outer wall of the cone or cylindrical tube used as the surface for swirling (11, 11') of the stacked cones or cylindrical tube, a top cover (17) of the separator that seals the transmission base and the upstream opening of the gaps between the cones or cylindrical tubes used as swirling and separating channel of the separator, ensuring that the fluid flows only downstream.

2. A reverse swirling flow type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator, comprising: narrow gap between two stacked cones serving as channel for swirling and separating (29), surface for swirling (30) which is the convex outer walls of the inner stacked cones, collection wall for fluids with larger or higher density particles (31) that are centrifuged from the swirling flow by their inertial forceto impact the wall, this wall being the concave inner surfaces of the outer stacked cones, a reverse swirling guide cone (32) installed at the center of the outlet at the end of the cone, an annular channel for separating fluids with larger or higher density particles (33), which is an annular gap between the end wall of the cone and the reverse swirling guide cone, a chamber for collecting fluids with larger or higher density particles (34) located beneath the reverse swirling guide cone (32), a reverse swirling tube (35) located at the center of the stacked cones, with the upstream open end (36) of the reverse swirling tube acting as an inlet for fluids with smaller or lower density particles that have been separated, and flow out through the outlet for fluid with smaller or lower density particles (37) at the downstream open end of the reverse swirling tube, which exits through the top of the device for generating swirling flow, a device for generating swirling flow that generates swirling flow by flowing along the outer circumferential surface, serving as the transmission base with the shape and inclination of the swirling surface corresponding to the convex surface of the outer wall of the inner stacked cone used as the surface for swirling (30), including a fluid inlet (21) installed above a fluid distribution chamber (22), the fluid distribution chamber (22) is shaped like a volute, with a wide upstream opening that gradually narrows downstream to distribute the fluid into at least one penetrable slit (23) then exit to the convex curved surface adjacent to the penetrable slit on the outer wall of the transmission base, the inner wall of the transmission base (25) guides the fluid into the penetrable slit (23), the penetrable slit is formed by overlapping of circumferential walls, with the downstream wall of the penetrable slit (23) curving slightly downward from the circumferential edge and extending upstream for a certain distance, this design ensures that the penetrable slit is not directly open perpendicular to the circumference but instead faces toward the convex curved surface of the outer wall of the transmission base (24) next to the penetrable slit (23), the convex curved surface (24) next to the penetrable slit is the surface nearest to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (23); several sets of such penetrable slits and adjacent convex curved surfaces are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base, the transmission base has a floor plate (26) of the fluid distribution chamber (22), and a top cover (38a) sealing the top of the device for generating swirling flow (20) to ensure that the fluid flows only through the penetrable slits (23); the device for generating swirling flow is installed on the upstream top of the inner stacked cone, where its outer wall serves as the surface for swirling (30), the top cover (38b) of the separator that seals the device for generating swirling flow iswide enough to cover the upstream opening of the swirling and separating channel (29) of the separator, ensuring that the fluid swirls in one way toward the downstream.

3. A reverse swirling flow type of cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator (100), comprising: an inverted frustum cone shape device for generating swirling flow (101) , which is a forced vortex type vortex swirling, with fluid being introduced through a fluid inlet (102) into a fluid distribution chamber (103), which then distributes the fluid into at least one penetrable slit (104) installed on the wall (105) of the transmission base passing from the fluid distribution chamber into the internal cavity (107), next to the inner outlet of the penetrable slit, which is a convex curved surface (106) adjacent to the penetrable slit in the flow direction that curves convexly from the penetrable slit (104) toward the wall (105) of the transmission base, curving slightly beyond the circumference of the inner wall of the transmission base, the end of the convex curved surface near the next penetrable slit, the convex curved surface (106) next to the penetrable slit is the surface closest to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (104) compared to other surfaces surrounding the penetrable slit (104), multiple sets of such penetrable slits and convex curved surfaces next to the penetrable slit are symmetrically installed on the transmission base wall, an outer wall (109) of the transmission base, a top cover (108), and a bottom floor (110), the internal cavity (107) of the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow is in shape of inverted frustum cone; a reverse swirling guide cone (119) is installed at the center of the outlet at the tip of the separator cone, an annular channel for separating fluids with larger or higher density particles (120) is formed by the annular gap between the end wall of the cone and the wall of the reverse swirling guide cone, a chamber for collecting fluids with larger or higher density particles (121) is located beneath the reverse swirling guide cone; the cone (112) has both an upstream open end (113 / 1) and a downstream open end (113 / 2), at least one cone stacked consecutively after the reverse swirling guide cone (119), leaving a narrow gap between the cones as a channel for swirling and separating (115a) at the outer wall of the cone, which is a convex curved surface, serves as the surface for swirling (114 / 1), while the inner wall of the cone, which is a concave surface, serves as the collection surface for fluids with larger or higher density particles that are centrifuged from the swirling flow by inertial force of the particles travel to impact the wall (114 / 2); a convex fluid drainage ridge (160) is formed on the collection wall for fluids with larger or higher density particles (114 / 2), with the ridge height being a portion of the width of the channel for swirling andseparating (115a), the ridge is curved convexly downward to the side that the swirling flow flow to, sloping from the downstream end toward the upstream end of the cone, at the upstream section of the cone, where it widens, an additional drainage ridge may be added, as an auxiliary ridge (161), inserting up from the cone base similarly to the main fluid drainage ridge (160), the auxiliary ridge extends upward from the cone base but does not reach the cone tip, facilitating fluid drainage; the ends of both the main drainage ridge (160’) and the auxiliary ridge tips (161’) at the cone base may twist inward toward the inner wall of the cone base, these cones, as described, to be stacked with narrow gaps between them in the inverted frustum cone shape cavity (107) of the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow; the first stacked cone (112) is the shortest, with the smallest upstream open end (113 / 1) and the widest downstream open end (113 / 2) compared to other cones stacked after the first cone, cones stacked further downstream gradually increase in length, with the upstream open ends of the subsequent cones gradually widening, while the downstream open ends gradually narrow; the cover cone (125), which is the last stacked cone, is the longest, with the widest upstream open end (124 / 1) and the narrowest downstream open end (124 / 2), the arrangement of the cones as described creates an axial central cavity (123) with a conical shape, at the open ends at the base of the cones, stacked as described, forms an inverted frustum cone shape, allowing part of the cone base to be exposed, enabling the fluid swirling in the chamber for creating swirling flow (111) to flow along the convex curved surface of the outer wall of the cone used as the surface for swirling, the fluid swirls along the cone wall through the swirling and separating channel toward the downstream open end of the cone; the cone base shape corresponds to the inverted frustum cone shape internal cavity (107) of the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow, the chamber for creating swirling flow (111) is the gap between the inner wall of the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow\ and the cone bases, which is a sufficiently wide space that slopes down in a conical shape to the annular channel for separating fluids with larger or higher density particles (120); the downstream open end (127) of the tube (126) connected to the downstream open end (124 / 2) of the cover cone (125) serves as the outlet for fluids with smaller or lower density particles that have been filtered.

4. The cone or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to claim 1, with multi-stage separation, where each stage accelerates the swirling flow in the separator to a higher level, comprising: a cone orcylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to claim 1, with relatively long stacked cones or cylindrical tubes, featuring swirling and separation channel (42, 42’), surfaces for swirling (43, 43’), and collection walls for fluids with larger or higher density particles that are centrifuged from the swirling flow by the inertial force of the particles flow to impact the wall (44, 44’); a device for generating swirling flow (41, 41’) which outer wall used to generate swirling flow, its shape and inclination aligns with the outer wall of the cone or tube which serve as surface for swirling (43, 43’), this device for generating swirling flow is installed upstream adjacent to the outer wall of the cone or cylindrical tube used as the surface for swirling (43, 43’); at the upstream end of the channel for swirling and separation (42, 42’), a cover is placed at the upstream end to ensure the fluid swirls in only one way toward the downstream end of the cone or cylindrical tube, extending downstream for a certain distance, the first-stage outlet for fluids with larger or higher density particles (45, 45’) is installed to connect the collection wall for fluids with larger or higher density particles (44, 44’), at the point extending downstream for a certain distance; a device for accelerating swirling (46) is installed surrounding the channel for swirling and separation (42, 42’), located downstream from the first-stage outlet for fluids with larger or higher density particles (45, 45’), the device for accelerating swirling, which may take a conical (46) or cylindrical shape, has an internal convex curved surface with a shape and inclination that aligns with the shape and inclination of the channel for swirling and separation (42, 42’); the device for generating swirling flow comprises a fluid inlet (47), a fluid distributing chamber (48) surrounding the external wall (53a) of the transmission base, with at least one penetrable slit (49), the inner exit of the penetrable slit is a convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit (51), with this convex surface being closest to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit, the internal cavity (52) of the transmission base, the penetrable slits and convex curved surfaces next to the penetrable slits are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow, the external wall (53b), top cover (54), and bottom cover (55) of the fluid distribution chamber, as well as the wall of the transmission base, open the central cavity, which is the internal cavity (52) of the transmission base, serving as the section connected to the channel for swirling and separation where the swirling flow need to be accelerated; the subsequent outlet for fluids with larger or higher density particles (56) directs the separated fluid into a storage tank (57), a pump (58) is used to pressurize the fluid from the storage tank (57)to enter the device for accelerating swirling; a fluid dividing cone (59) channel inside the fluid dividing cone is an outlet for fluids with smaller or lower density particles (60) that have been separated, the cyclone separator according to the present invention can be configured with two or more stages of separation as described.

5. The cone or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to claim 1, with multi-stage separation, where the final stage separation using multiple small cyclone separators (61), comprising: a cylindrical external structure with a tangential fluid inlet (62) that directs the fluid through a side wall channel (64) into a swirling and separation channel for large particles (63), which is an annular channel connected to the wall of the cylindrical structure, with its downstream end linked to a collection chamber for large and medium-sized particles (66), the surface for swirling (65 / 1) and the collection wall for large particles (64) form the swirling and separation channel for large particles (63), the inner wall (67) of the collection chamber for large and medium-sized particles surrounds the collection chamber for small particles (94); a swirling and separation channel for medium-sized particles (68) is an annular channel stack inside beyond the swirling and separation channel for large particle (63), located above the collection chamber for large and medium-sized particles (66), the swirling surface (69 / 1), the collection wall for medium-sized particles which centrifuged by their inertial force flow to impact the wall (65 / 2), make up the gap in between to be the swirling and separation channel for medium-sized particles (68); a fluid drainage ridge (210) is installed on the collection wall for medium-sized particles (65 / 2), which is a convex ridge sloping to the side that the swirling flow flow to, descending from downstream to upstream along the cylindrical tube, a fluid distribution chamber (70) leads to small cyclone separators located downstream of the swirling and separation channel for medium-sized particles (68), these small cyclone separators can be either conical (73) or cylindrical (73’) and are installed vertically in a chamber positioned between the swirling and separation channel for medium-sized particles (68) and the common outlet for the separated fluid (97); the small cyclone separators (73, 73’) comprise two stacked cones or cylindrical tubes, creating a narrow space for swirling and separation (83, 83’), the outer wall of the inner cone or cylindrical tube, which has a convex curved surface, serves as the surface for swirling (84, 84’), the inner wall of the outer cone or cylindrical tube, which has a concave surface, serves as the collection wall for larger or higher density particles centrifuged from the swirling flow by their inertial force flow to impact the wall (85,85’), a fluid dividing cone (86, 86’) is installed at the end of the cone or cylindrical tube, inserted into the swirling and separation channel (83, 83’) to separate the larger or higher density particles flowing outside, while the smaller or lower density particles flow inside the dividing cone; an outlet for larger or higher density particles (87, 87’) is connected to the outer collection wall for larger or higher density particles (85, 85’), while an outlet for smaller or less lower density particles (88, 88’) is provided at the end of the separation cone, the device for generating swirling flow, by flowing along the circumferential surface of the small cyclone separator (74, 74’) either the shape of the transmission base is conical (74) or cylindrical (74’), comprises a basin for fluid intake and distribution (75, 75’), the basin floor (79, 79’) is covered with a floor plate (82, 82’) to distribute the fluid into at least one penetrable slit (76, 76’), created by the overlapping of two circumferential walls of cone or cylindrical tube, the wall on the downstream side of the penetrable slit extends upstream and curves slightly downward from the circumference of the outer wall of the transmission base, ensuring that the upstream wall of the penetrable slit overlaps and blocks it from opening perpendicularly to expose outside the transmission base, providing the outlet of the penetrable slit face toward the convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit, which is the outer wall of the transmission base, to provide the emerging axis of the penetrable slit (see figure 1 for the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit) close to or in contact with the convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit, making the convex curved surface (78, 78’) next to the penetrable slit (76, 76’) the closest surface to the emerging axis when compared with other surfaces around the penetrable slit (76, 76’); the plurality of penetrable slits and convex curved surfaces next to the penetrable slits are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base, the device for generating swirling flow is installed upstream on the cone or cylindrical tube, where the outer wall of the cone or tube serves as the swirling surface (84, 84’), the cone or cylindrical tube (81, 81’) stacked with the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow leaves a gap between the outer stacked cone or cylindrical tube and the transmission base, corresponding to the swirling and separation channel (83, 83’1, an annular cover (80, 80’) seals the gap between the cone or cylindrical tube and the outer wall of the transmission base at the upstream end, ensuring the swirling flow flow only in one way downstream; the device for generating swirling flow installed on the upstream side of the stacked cones or cylindrical tubes has a transmission base shape and outer wall inclination that align with the stacked cones or cylindrical tubes, a partition plate forinstalling the small cyclone separators (89) opens just fit to accommodate each small cyclone separator and seals the space from the wall (69 / 2) of the small cyclone separator chamber adjacent to the swirling and separation channel for medium-sized particles (68) to the wall (98 / 2) of the small cyclone separator chamber adjacent to the common outlet (97) for the separated fluid, ensuring that the fluid flows only into the small cyclone separator; a sloping path (90) for collecting the larger or higher density particles separated by the small cyclone separator, directing them sideways into the annular channel (93) between the wall (69 / 2) of the small cyclone separator chamber and the wall (92) of the collection space for small or lower density particles that have been separated (96), allowing the fluid to flow into the small particle collection chamber (94), the collection channel for small or lower density particles (96) is located beneath the outlet for smaller or lower density particles that have been separated by the small cyclone separator, situated between the sloping plate (90) and the partition ceiling (91); the small particle collection chamber (94) has a common outlet (97) for separated fluid, centrally located within the cylindrical structure, the outlet for small or lower density particles (99) is positioned at the end of the common outlet, fluid intake into the cone or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator with multistage separation, where the final stage uses multiple small cyclone separators, is achieved by suction at the downstream end of the separator.

6. The cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to claim 3, designed for multi-stage separation, by connecting cyclone separators according to claim 3 in series of two or more sets in the following manner, the downstream separator (100’) is connected to the preceding separator (100) by a connecting pipe (170), this pipe connects the outlet for smaller or lower density particles (127) that have already been separated by the preceding separator (100) to the downstream separator (100’), the connecting pipe passes through the collection chamber for larger or higher density particles of the downstream separator (100’) and exits at the end of the reverse flow guide cone as the outlet at the reverse flow guide cone's end (171 / 2); this connecting pipe has a smaller diameter than the outlet for smaller or lower density particles ( 127) of the preceding separator ( 100), the connecting pipe (170) between the two separators is inserted into the center of the outlet (127) of the preceding separator (100), the annular space between the outlet (127) of the preceding separator and the connecting pipe (170) forms an annular channel for separating larger or higher density particles (172) that flow on the outer layer of theswirling flow coming from the preceding separator (100), the outlet for larger or higher density particles (174) directs the separated fluid to a storage tank (175), a pump (176) is used to push the fluid from the storage tank through the fluid inlet (102’) into the device for acceleration swirling flow (device for generating swirling flow) of the downstream separator (100’), increasing the swirling velocity higher than that produced by the preceding separator (100), this enhances the centrifugal inertial force of the fluid particles, thereby improving the separation efficiency; the gap between the stacked cones and the inverted frustum cone shape basin of the downstream separator should be narrower, the swirling and separation channel (115a’) of the downstream separatoi , at least one channel should be narrower than the swirling and separation channel (115a) of the preceding separator (100), the axial central conical cavity (123’) of the downstream separator (100’) should be smaller than the axial central conical cavity (123) of the preceding separator (100), other systems and principles of operation remain the same as in the preceding separator (100).

7. A device in a conical shape for swirling and counter flow separation (150) comprises a cone (152) with both upstream (157) and downstream (158) open ends, the outer wall of the cone, which has a convex curved surface, serves as the surface for swirling flow (163), the inner wall of the cone, which has a concave curved surface, serves as the wall for collecting fluids with larger or higher density particles that are centrifuged from the swirling flow due to the inertial force of the particles flow to impact the wall (159), a fluid drainage ridge (160) is installed on the wall for collecting fluids with larger or higher density particles (159), this ridge is protruded from the wall for collecting fluids with larger or higher density particles (159) and has a convex curve sloping in the side that the swirling flow flow to, the slope is convex, descending from the downstream edge of the cone toward the base of the cone at the upstream; when these cones are stacked together with narrow gaps between them to form swirling and separation channels (153), the fluid drainage ridge (160) is only elevated to a portion of the width of the swirling and separation channel (153) to allow the swirling fluid to flow through the entire swirling and separation channel (153), the outer wall of the inner stacked cone, with its convex curved surface, serves as the surface for swirling flow (156), while the inner wall of the outer stacked cone, with its concave surface, serves as the wall for collecting fluids with larger or higher density particles that are centrifuged from the swirling flow by their inertial force flow to impact the wall (159), on which the fluid drainage ridge (160) is installed; this configuration allows theswirling fluid to flow from the base of the cone to the downstream end, while the separated and collected fluids with larger or higher density particles flow along the fluid drainage ridge (160) in the opposite direction, down to the base of the cone at the upstream, this setup creates a counter-flow separation process, multiple cones can be stacked in this manner, allowing the swirling fluid to flow from the cone's base to its downstream end.

8. The device in a conical shape for swirling and counter flow separation according to claim 7, wherein the fluid drainage ridge is supplemented with an auxiliary ridge (161) positioned between the main fluid drainage ridges (160) around the cone, these auxiliary fluid drainage ridges (161) have a convex curve and slope in alignment with the pattern of the main fluid drainage ridges (160), the length of the auxiliary fluid drainage ridges extends upward from the base of the cone but does not reach the tip of the cone.

9. The fluid drainage ridges, including both the main ridge (160) and the auxiliary ridge ( 161), of the device for swirling and counter flow separation in a conical shape according to any one of claims 7 or 8, where the ridge ends located at the base of the cone, including the end of the main ridge (160’) and the auxiliary ridge tips (161’), are twisted inward toward the inner wall of the cone base.

10. The device in a cylindrical shape for swirling and counter flow separation (200) comprises a cylindrical tube (202) with both an upstream open end (207) and a downstream open end (208), the outer wall of the cylindrical tube, which is a convex curved surface, serves as the surface for swirling flow, the inner wall of the cylindrical tube, which is a concave curved surface, serves as the wall for collecting the fluid with larger or higher density particles that are centrifuge from the swirling flow by their inertial force floe to impact the wall (209), a fluid drainage ridge (210) is installed on the wall for collecting the fluid with larger or higher density particles (209), this ridge is convexly curved and slopes in the side that the swirling flow flow to, sloping down from the downstream edge of the cylindrical tube toward the upstream edge, when such tubes are stacked with a narrow gap between them, forming a channel for swirling flow and separation (203), the fluid drainage ridge (210) will have a certain height from the surface of the wall for collecting the fluid with larger or higher density particles (209), but it will only occupy a portion of the width of the swirling flow and separation channel (203), to allow fluid to swirl from the upstream end of the channel to the downstream end of the swirling flow and separation channel (203), the outer wall of the inner tube,which is a convex curved surface, serves as the surface for swirling flow (206), while the inner wall of the outer tube, which is a concave surface, serves as the wall for collecting the fluid with larger or higher density particles (209) with the fluid drainage ridge (210) installed, these tubes can be stacked in such a manner, creating swirling flow that swirl along the outer wall surface of the tubes, from the upstream end to the downstream end of the tube, the fluid with larger or higher density particles collected on the wall for collecting fluid with larger or higher density particles (209) flows down along the fluid drainage ridge in the opposite direction, towards the upstream end of the tube, resulting in counter flow separation.

11. The cone or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1, 4, or 5, where the cyclone separator utilizes a device for creating swirling flow on a convex curved surface next to penetrable slit derived from the overlapping of the circumferential walls of the transmission base, either in cone shape (1) or cylindrical shape (1’), the device comprises a fluid inlet (2, 2’) installed on top of the fluid distribution chamber (3, 3’), the fluid distribution chamber (3, 3’) is shaped like a volute, where the wide entrance narrows as it extends downstream, in cases where this swirling flow device is installed within an external structure that introduces fluid by suction at the terminal end of the separator, there is no need for a fluid inlet and a fluid distribution chamber, the top cover of the transmission base can be opened to allow the fluid to flow directly into the penetrable slit, thereby distributing the fluid into at least one penetrable slit (4, 4’) to flow onto the convex curved surface (5, 5’) next to the penetrable slit, which forms the outer wall of the transmission base, the inner wall (6, 6’) of the transmission base guides the fluid into the penetrable slit (4, 4’), the penetrable slit is a gap created by the overlapping of the circumferential walls of cone or cylindrical tube of the transmission base, the wall on the downstream side of the penetrable slit (4, 4’) curves downward slightly from the outer wall’s edge of the transmission base and extends upstream for a certain distance, this design prevents the penetrable slit from opening directly perpendicular to the circumference, instead directing the outlet of the penetrable slit toward the convex curved surface (5, 5’) next to the penetrable slit on the outer wall of the transmission base, the convex curve surface (5, 5’) next to the penetrable slit is the closest surface to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (4, 4’), the plurality of penetrable slits and the convex curved surfaces next to them are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow, the bottom of thetransmission base is sealed with a floor plate (9, 9’), and a top cover (7, 7’) seals the top of the transmission base, the inner wall (8, 8’) of the fluid distribution chamber ensures that the fluid only flows into the penetrable slit, this device for generating swirling flow is installed on the inner stacked cone or cylindrical tube stack where the convex curved surface of the outer wall of the cone or cylindrical tube serves as the surface for swirling flow, the shape, size, and angle of wall for swirling flow of the device should be corresponding matched the cone or cylindrical tube to which the device is installed, the top cover (7, 7’) that seals the top of the transmission base of the swirling flow device should be wide enough to cover the swirling flow and separation channel at the upstream end, ensuring that the flow swirls in only one way towards the downstream end of the swirling flow and separation channel.

12. The cone or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, or 5, wherein the cyclone separator is equipped with a device for generating a swirling flow on the circumferential surface using vanes; these vanes can be arranged and configurated in either a conical shape (500) with trapezoidal vanes or a cylindrical shape (500’) with rectangular vanes; the cross-section of the vanes is oval, with the leading edge of the vane being more rounded and convex, while the trailing edge tapers convexly, the plurality of vanes are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow; the outer-facing side of the vanes is more convex than the inner-facing side to suit with the outer circumference of the transmission base; in cases where the device is arranged in an inverted frustum cone shape, the wider side of the vanes is positioned downstream, and the narrower side positioned upstream, with the inner leading edge of the vane (505, 505’) angled toward the fluid distribution chamber (502, 502’), which has a volute shape, with a wide entrance that narrows downstream and is surrounded by the inner side of the vanes; the inner trailing edge of the vane (507, 507’) angles outward toward the outer circumference (511, 511’); the subsequent set of vanes are arranged similarly, leaving a narrow gap between vanes (503, 503’); the outer leading edge (508, 508’) of the next vane is aligned parallel to the inner trailing edge (507, 507’) of the preceding blade; the outer ridge side of the vane convexly curves from the outer leading edge (508, 508’), passing along the ridge side of the vane (509, 509’) to the trailing edge (510, 510’); the outer trailing edge (510, 510’) curves slightly inward, just beyond the circumference (511, 511’) ofthe outer wall of the transmission base; the convex curved surface of outer ridge side of the vanes, arranged as a wallaround the transmission base, serves as the surface for generating the swirling flow; the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow features an inner spiral wall ( 12, 512’) of the fluid distribution chamber (502, 502’), enclosed within, with a bottom plate (514, 514’) sealing the bottom and atop cover (513, 513’) sealing the top of the transmission base, ensuring that fluid flows only through the gaps between the vanes; the fluid inlet (501, 501’) is installed at the entrance of the fluid distribution chamber (502, 502’); this vane type device for generating swirling flow by flowing along circumferential surface is mounted on the cone or cylindrical tube stack, where the convex curved surface of outer wall of the cone or cylindrical tube is used as the surface for swirling flow; the shape, size, and angle of the surface for generating swirling flow on the device should be corresponding matched the cone or cylindrical tube to which the device is installed; the top cover (513, 513’) of the transmission base of the swirling flow device should be wide enough to cover the swirling flow and separation channel at the upstream end of the cone or cylindrical tube stack, ensuring that the swirling flow moves in only one way toward the downstream end of the swirling flow and separation gap.

13. The cone or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, or 5, wherein the cyclone separator uses a device for generating a swirling flow by flowing along a convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit, which creates swirling flow on the outer wall of the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow, either the transmission base is conical (400) or cylindrical (400’), it comprises a fluid inlet (401, 401’), and a fluid distribution chamber (402, 402’) located inside to distribute the fluid into at least one penetrable slit (403, 403’) installed on the wall (407, 407’) surrounding the fluid distribution chamber (402, 402’); the penetrable slit (403, 403’) is a narrow channel that passes from the wall of the fluid distribution chamber to the outside, on the outer side of the penetrable slit, there is a convex curved surface (405, 405’) next to the penetrable slit in the flow direction, which convexly curves from the penetrable slit towards the next penetrable slit; the end of the convex curved surface slightly curves inward beyond the circumference (409, 409’) of the outer wall of the transmission base; provided that the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (403, 403’) is contacted or close to the convex curved surface (405, 405’) next to the penetrable slit (403, 403’), making the convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit the surface closest to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (403, 403’) compared to other surfaces aroundthe penetrable slit (403, 403’); the convex curved surfaces next to the penetrable slit and multiple sets of penetrable slits are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow; the device includes an inner wall (408, 408’) of the fluid distribution chamber (402, 402’), a top cover (410, 410’), and a bottom plate (411 , 411’ ) of the transmission base to ensure that the fluid flows through the penetrable slit and flow closely along the convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit, generating swirling flow around the outer wall of the transmission base; this swirling flow device is installed on a cone or cylindrical tube, where the outer wall of the cone or cylindrical tube, which is convex, serves as the surface for swirling flow; the shape, size, and angle of the wall of device used to generate swirling flow should align with the cone or cylindrical tube where the device for generating swirling flow is installed; the top cover (410, 410’) of the swirling flow device should be wide enough to cover the upstream swirling flow and separation channel, ensuring that the swirling flow swirls in only one direction towards the downstream end of the swirling flow and separation channel.

14. The cone or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, or 5, wherein the cyclone separator employs an axial flow vane type device for generating swirling flow; the device consists of vanes (303) with aerodynamic surfaces, installed in the annular space between the central hub wall (301) and the wall of the cylindrical or conical tube (314), which seals the central channel (315) to ensure that fluid flows only through the annular space, in cases where this device for generating swirling flow is used with a single cyclone separator, an inlet pipe may be connected from the base of the device for generating swirling flow for convenient fluid entry, however, when the device is installed inside an external structure, the inlet pipe may not be necessary; the vane leading edge (304) is convex, and the ridge side of the vane (305) is convex throughout its length, extending to the vane trailing edge (306); the concave side of the vane (307) is thickened to some extent to reduce its curvature to minimize turbulent flow and promoting fluid to flow closely along the convex curved surface of the subsequent vane; the outer edge of the vane (308) is more twisted and longer than the inner edge (309); the vane”s trailing edge (306) slightly curves backward; the backward-curved tip of the blade's outer edge (310) curves at a lower level than the backward-curved tip of the blade's inner edge (311), forming a conical shape around the central hub, the plurality of vanes are symmetrically arranged in the annular space around the central hub; thegap at the leading edge of the vanes (312), where the fluid enters, is wider than the gap at the trailing edge (313); this device for generating swirling flow is mounted on a cone or cylindrical tube, with the outer wall of the cone or cylindrical tube serving as the surface for swirling flow; the size of the device and the angle of the vanes are designed to match the cone or cylindrical tube where the device is installed.

15. The cone stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to any one of claims 3 or 6, wherein the separator uses a vane type device for generating swirling or accelerating swirling flow to create swirling flow in the conical transmission base; the device comprises a fluid inlet (131) and a fluid distribution chamber (132) with a volute shape, where the inlet is wide and gradually narrows downstream to distribute fluid into the gap between the vanes (138), the partition wall (133) is positioned at the inlet to divide the incoming flow and the swirling flow, guiding the fluid flow in with a right angle of attack to impact the leading edge of the vane (135) while leaving a narrow path for the internal swirling flow; the cross-sectional shape of the vane (134) resembles an oval, with the leading edge (135, 139) being convex and nearly round, and the trailing edge (137, 141) being convexly tapered, the plurality of these vanes are symmetrically arranged on the conical transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow; the leading edge of the outer vane edge (135) is angled outward towards the fluid distribution chamber (132), while the trailing edge of the outer vane edge (137) is angled inward; the trailing edge of the outer vane edge (137) is aligned parallel to the leading edge of the inner vane edge (139) of the next vane, with a gap (138) between the tailing edge of the outer vane edge of the preceding vane and the leading edge of the inner vane edge of the next vane; the inner vane’s ridge side curves convexly from the leading edge (139) through the inner vane ridge side (140) towards the trailing edge (141) of the inner vane edge, with the trailing edge (141) slightly curving inward from the inner wall's circumference of the transmission base; these vanes are arranged symmetrically around the conical transmission base, which has an outer wall (144), a top closure (143), leaving a central space for generating swirling flow (142), and serves as an inverted frustum cone shape basin for stacking cones; the bottom ofthe transfer base is closed with abase plate (145), leaving a central opening as the outlet beneath the cone of the transmission base.

16. The device for generating swirling flow along a circumferential surface that is a convex curve surface next to penetrable slit formed by overlapping circumferential walls of the transmission base, either conical (1) or cylindrical (1’), comprises a fluidinlet (2, 2’) installed on top of the fluid distribution chamber (3, 3’); the fluid distribution chamber (3, 3’) has a volute shape, with a wide entrance that narrows as it spirals downstream, if the device for generating swirling flow is installed within an external structure, there is no need for a fluid inlet and fluid distribution chamber; the top cover of the transmission base can be opened to allow fluid to flow directly into the penetrable slit to be distributed into at least one penetrable slit (4, 4’), flowing onto the convex curved surface (5, 5’) next to the penetrable slit, which forms the outer wall of the transmission base; the inner wall (6, 6’) of the transmission base guides the fluid into the penetrable slit (4, 4’); the penetrable slit is a gap formed by overlapping circumferential walls either conical or cylindrical walls of the transmission base; the downstream part of the wall next to the penetrable slit slightly curves down from the circumference of the outer wall and extends upstream for a certain distance so that the penetrable slit does not open perpendicularly to the circumference but rather directs the outlet of the penetrable slit towards the convex curved surface (5, 5’) of the outer wall of the transmission base next to the penetrable slit (4, 4’); the convex curved surface (5, 5’) next to the penetrable slit is the surface closest to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (4, 4’) compared to other surfaces around the penetrable slit (4, 4’), several sets of penetrable slit and convex curved surfaces next to the penetrable slit are symmetrically arranged on the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow; the bottom of the transmission base is closed with a partition plate (9, 9’), with a top cover (7, 7’) on the transmission base and an inner wall (8, 8’) of the fluid distribution chamber to ensure that fluid flows only into the penetrable slit to flow along the convex curved surface (5, 5’) next to the penetrable slit (4, 4’), generating a swirling flow around the outer wall of the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow.

17. The device for creating swirling flow along a circumferential surface using vanes, which can be either arranged in a conical form (500), with trapezoidal vanes, or arranged in a cylindrical form (500’), with rectangular vanes; the cross-sectional profde of the vanes is oval, with the leading edge of the vane being rounded and convex, while the trailing edge is tapered and convex, the plurality of vanes are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base of device for generating swirling flow; the outerfacing side of the vane is more convex than the inner-facing side to match the outer circumference of the transmission base; in the case of a swirling flow device with an inverted conical base, the wide side of the vane is placed downstream, while the narrowside faces upstream; the inner leading edge of the vane (505, 505’) is angled inward towards the fluid distribution chamber (502, 502’), which has a volute shape, with a wide entrance that narrows downstream and is surrounded by the inner side of the vane; the inner trailing edge of the vane (507, 507’) is angled outward towards the circumference (511, 511’); the next set of vanes is arranged in the same manner, with narrow gap (503, 503’) between the vanes, at least one narrow gap; the outer leading edge of the next vane (508, 508’) is aligned parallel to the inner trailing edge (507, 507’) of the preceding vane; the outer ridge side of the vane curves convexly from the outer leading edge (508, 508’), along the ridge side of the vane (509, 509’), to the outer trailing edge (510, 510’); the outer trailing edge (510, 510’) curves slightly inward beyond the circumference (511, 511’) of the outer wall of the transmission base; the outer ridge side of the vane, which is convexly curved and arranged to form a wall around the transmission base, acts as the surface for generating swirling flow; the transmission base ofthe device for generating swirling flow has a fluid inlet (501,501’) is installed at the entrance of the fluid distribution chamber (502,502’), a spiral inner wall (512, 512’) of the fluid distribution chamber (502, 502’), enclosed on the inside; the bottom is sealed with a partition plate (514, 514’), and the top is covered with a lid (513, 513’) to ensure that the fluid flows only through the gap between the vanes; guiding the fluid flows along the outer ridge side of each vane, where the flow along the outer ridge side of the vanes flow in relay, creating a swirling flow around the outer wall formed by the outer ridge side of the vanes of the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow.

18. The device for creating a swirling flow along a circumferential surface by flowing along a convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit, generating a swirling flow along the outer wall of the transmission base, which can be either a conical base (400) or a cylindrical base (400’), comprises: a fluid inlet (401, 401’), a fluid distribution chamber (402, 402’), located inside the device to distribute the fluid into at least one penetrable slit (403, 403’), installed on the wall (407, 407’) surrounding the fluid distribution chamber (402, 402’); the penetrable slit (403, 403’) is a narrow passage that extends from the wall of the fluid distribution chamber to the outside; the outer side of the penetrable slit features a convex curved surface (405, 405 '), positioned in the flow direction, curving from one penetrable sht to the next; the end of the convex curved surface curves inward slightly beyond the circumference (409, 409’) of the outer wall of the transmission base, the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (403, 403’) iscontact to or closed to the convex curved surface (405, 405’) next to the penetrable slit (403, 403 ’); this ensures that the convex curved surface next to the penetrable slit is the closest surface to the emerging axis (a) of the penetrable slit (403, 403’) compared to other surfaces surrounding the penetrable slit (403, 403’); the convex curved surfaces next to the penetrable slit and the penetrable slits are symmetrically arranged around the transmission base of the device for generating swirling flow; the inner wall (408, 408’) of the fluid distribution chamber (402, 402’), the top cover (410, 410’), and the bottom plate (411, 411’) of the transmission base ensure that the fluid passes through the penetrable slits, flowing closely along the convex curved surfaces next to the penetrable slits, creating a swirling flow around the outer wall of the transmission base.

19. The cone or cylindrical tube stack circumferential surface swirling cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 or 4, wherein a Coanda Screen cone (606, 606’) is installed at the outlet for the fluid with larger or higher density particles, following the conical wall or cylindrical tube wall, which serves as the collection wall for the larger or higher density particles (604, 604’); the Coanda Screen cone has a certain length, and its wall is steeper and slightly incline than the collection wall for the larger or higher density particles (604, 604’), enhance filtering the fluid with larger or higher density particles; the Coanda Screen cone (606) comprises a conical structure with walls covered by wedge wires (609); the wedge wires have a triangular crosssection and are longitudinally attached to the conical structure, leaving narrow gaps (610) between them; the flat side of the wedge wire (b) faces inward, forming the inner wall of the Coanda Screen cone, while the triangular side of the wedge wire (h) faces outward, forming the outer wall of the cone, due to the curvature of the Coanda Screen cone's circumference, the flat side of the next wedge wire (in the direction of swirling flow) is angled slightly more than the flat side of the preceding wedge wire; as the fluid containing larger or higher density particles swirls around the outer layer of the swirling flow, it reaches the Coanda Screen cone and flow closely to the flat side of the wedge wire, flowing through the gap between the wedge wires (610), directly toward the sidewall of the wedge wire that forms the triangular sharp side, then exits the cone; the original swirling fluid in the inner layer, which contains smaller or lower density particles, flow out to replaces as the outer layer of the swirling flow, flowing along the flat side of the next wedge wire, crossing the gap between the wedge wires, directly toward the sidewall of the wedge wire that forms the triangular side, and exits the cone;this separation process occurs continuously as the fluid flows pass the gaps between the wedge wires.

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