Display substrate and manufacturing method therefor, and display panel

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, and provides a display substrate and a manufacturing method therefor, and a display panel, which can solve the problem of low screen brightness in existing display products. The display substrate of the present disclosure comprises: a base substrate; a plurality of sub-pixels arranged on the base substrate, each sub-pixel comprising at least one light-emitting device; a black matrix layer arranged on the side of the sub-pixels facing away from the base substrate and comprising a plurality of first black matrix assemblies, the orthographic projection of one first black matrix assembly on the base substrate at least partially overlapping the orthographic projection of one light-emitting device on the base substrate; and a plurality of first prism assemblies arranged on the side of the first black matrix assemblies close to the sub-pixels, one first black matrix assembly being arranged corresponding to one first prism assembly, and the first prism assemblies being each configured to totally reflect light irradiated onto the first prism assemblies, so that the light is emitted towards the side facing away from the base substrate. According to the present disclosure, the screen brightness of the display substrate is increased while the thickness of the display substrate is reduced.

Description

Display substrate, preparation method thereof and display panel TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of display, and particularly relates to a display substrate, a preparation method thereof and a display panel. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the anti-peep design of the existing anti-peep display panel, the black matrix BM is generally not arranged in the pixel. In this case, in order to achieve a better anti-peep effect, the spacing between the black matrix BM and the pixel needs to be increased, which will result in an increase in the thickness of the display panel PNL. Even if the black matrix BM can be arranged in the pixel, the spacing between the adjacent black matrix BM will be reduced, the spacing between the black matrix BM and the pixel can be reduced, and thus the display panel PNL can be thinned, but this will also result in that most of the light emitted by the pixel is absorbed by the black matrix BM arranged in the pixel, and the screen brightness is reduced. SUMMARY

[0003] The present disclosure aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a display substrate, a preparation method thereof and a display panel, which can reduce the thickness of the display substrate and improve the screen brightness of the display substrate.

[0004] In a first aspect, a technical solution adopted by the present disclosure to solve the technical problem is a display substrate, comprising:

[0005] a substrate substrate;

[0006] a plurality of sub-pixels arranged on the substrate substrate, the sub-pixels comprising at least one light emitting device;

[0007] a black matrix layer arranged on a side of the sub-pixel away from the substrate substrate, comprising a plurality of first black matrix components, a first black matrix component in the substrate substrate being at least partially overlapped with a light emitting device in the substrate substrate in a projection;

[0008] a plurality of first prism components arranged on a side of the first black matrix component close to the sub-pixel, one first black matrix component and one first prism component being arranged correspondingly; the first prism component is configured to totally reflect light irradiated thereon, so that the light is emitted towards a side away from the substrate substrate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the display substrate comprises a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, the pixel units comprising three sub-pixels, i.e., a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel being located in the same column, and the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel being located in different columns from the first sub-pixel; the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel each comprise a light emitting device;

[0010] The first black matrix components corresponding to the sub-pixels in the same column are connected as an integral structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first black matrix components corresponding to the sub-pixels in the same column are connected as an integral structure to form a first black matrix strip, and the first black matrix strip passes through the center of the light emitting device of each of the sub-pixels in the column.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sub-pixel includes two light emitting devices, and one first black matrix component only overlaps with the orthographic projection of one light emitting device of the sub-pixel on the substrate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a pixel driving circuit, and the light emitting devices in the sub-pixels are connected with the pixel driving circuit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the black matrix layer further includes a plurality of second black matrix components, and the second black matrix components are arranged between any two adjacent light emitting devices.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of second prism components are further included, one second black matrix component is arranged corresponding to one second prism component, and the second prism component is configured to totally reflect light irradiated thereon to make the light exit away from the substrate.

[0016] In some embodiments, a packaging layer is further included, arranged on the side of the sub-pixel away from the substrate, and the packaging layer has a plurality of first openings, and the first prism component is located in the first opening.

[0017] In some embodiments, a packaging layer and a protective layer are further included, arranged in sequence on the side of the sub-pixel away from the substrate, and the protective layer has a plurality of second openings, and the first prism component is located in the second opening.

[0018] In some embodiments, the distance between the first black matrix component and the corresponding light emitting device is h1, the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components is h2, and h1 / h2≥1.732.

[0019] In some embodiments, the height of the first prism component is greater than or equal to the width of the first black matrix component.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first prism component is a triangular pyramid, the triangular pyramid includes an apex and a bottom surface arranged opposite in the thickness direction of the substrate, the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is arranged on the side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is equal to the width of the first black matrix component.

[0021] In some embodiments, it further comprises a plurality of lens array structures, which are arranged at least on two sides of the first black matrix component, and the lens array structures are arranged apart from the first prism component in the orthographic projection of the substrate.

[0022] In some embodiments, the material of the first prism component is an organic material.

[0023] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a preparation method of a display substrate, which comprises:

[0024] providing a substrate;

[0025] forming a plurality of sub-pixels on the substrate, the sub-pixels comprising at least one light-emitting device;

[0026] forming a plurality of first prism components on the side of the sub-pixels away from the substrate;

[0027] forming a black matrix layer on the side of the first prism components away from the substrate, the black matrix layer comprising a plurality of first black matrix components, one of the first black matrix components at least partially overlapping with one of the light-emitting devices in the orthographic projection of the substrate; and one of the first black matrix components being arranged correspondingly to one of the first prism components; the first prism component being configured to totally reflect the light irradiated thereon so as to make the light exit toward the side away from the substrate.

[0028] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a display panel comprising the display substrate as described in any one of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of a sub-pixel and a black matrix (BM) in an existing privacy display substrate;

[0030] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0031] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of a first black matrix component and a sub-pixel provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0032] FIG. 4a is a top view of the relative positions of a pixel unit and a black matrix layer in an existing display substrate;

[0033] FIG. 4b is a top view of the relative positions of a pixel unit and a black matrix layer provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0034] FIG. 5 is a top view of the relative positions of another pixel unit and a black matrix layer in a display substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0035] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another display substrate according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0036] FIGS. 7 and 8 are flowcharts of methods for manufacturing display substrates according to embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains. The terms "first", "second", and similar terms used in the present disclosure do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "one", "a", or "the" and similar terms do not denote a quantity of one, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "include", "comprise", and similar terms mean that the elements or objects before the term encompass the elements or objects listed after the term and equivalents thereof, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and similar terms do not necessarily mean a physical or mechanical connection or coupling, but can include an electrical connection or coupling, whether direct or indirect. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positions, and when the absolute positions of the described objects are changed, the relative positions can also be changed accordingly.

[0039] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of a sub-pixel and a black matrix (BM) in a conventional privacy display substrate.

[0040] A conventional display substrate is divided into a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area. The display substrate includes a substrate, a plurality of sub-pixels 102 disposed on the substrate, and a black matrix (BM) 100 disposed on a side of the sub-pixels 102 away from the substrate. The plurality of sub-pixels 102 are located in the display area, and the black matrix (BM) 100 is located in the non-display area. The black matrix (BM) 100 has a projection on the substrate that does not overlap with a projection of the sub-pixels 102 on the substrate. That is, the black matrix (BM) 100 is not disposed inside the sub-pixels 102, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0041] In order to meet the light emission requirement of the display substrate, the angle between the light emission direction of the display substrate and the vertical substrate direction is generally required to be less than or equal to 30°, and the distance between two adjacent black matrixes BM and the distance between the black matrix BM and the sub-pixel 102 will affect the light emission direction of the display substrate. In FIG. 1, the pixel width w of the sub-pixel 102 is 46 um, a single layer of black matrix BM is used, and the black matrix BM is not placed in the sub-pixel 102. In this case, the pixel width w of the sub-pixel 102 is the distance between two adjacent black matrixes BM. If the angle a between the light emission direction of the light and the vertical substrate direction is required to be less than or equal to 30°, the distance h between the black matrix BM and the sub-pixel 102 needs to be about 80 um, which leads to a significant increase in the thickness of the display substrate, and the process is difficult to implement.

[0042] To solve the above problems, the display substrate is provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, the display substrate comprises a substrate 101, a plurality of sub-pixels 102, a black matrix layer and a plurality of first prism components 106a arranged on the substrate 101. Each sub-pixel 102 comprises at least one light emitting device; the black matrix layer is arranged on the side of the sub-pixel 102 away from the substrate 101, and comprises a plurality of first black matrix components 105a, the orthogonal projection of one first black matrix component 105a on the substrate 101 at least partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of at least one light emitting device on the substrate 101; the first prism component 106a is arranged on the side of the first black matrix component 105a close to the sub-pixel 102, and one first black matrix component 105a is arranged correspondingly with one first prism component 106a; the first prism component 106a is configured to totally reflect the light irradiated thereon, so that the light is emitted towards the side away from the substrate 101.

[0043] Specifically, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of one first black matrix component 105a and one sub-pixel 102, as shown in FIGS. 2-3, the first black matrix component 105a is located in the sub-pixel 102. In order to meet the light emission requirement of the display substrate, the angle between the light emission direction of the display substrate and the vertical substrate direction is generally required to be less than or equal to 30°, and the distance h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a and the distance h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 will affect the light emission direction of the display substrate. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, since the first black matrix component 105a is located in the sub-pixel 102, the distance h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a is reduced, and if the angle a between the light emission angle of the light and the vertical substrate direction is required to be less than or equal to 30°, the distance h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 will also be reduced accordingly, thereby reducing the thickness of the display substrate, not only reducing the difficulty of process manufacturing, but also reducing the size of the display substrate.

[0044] For example, in FIG. 3, the width w of one sub-pixel 102 is still 46 μm, a single black matrix layer is used, and the first black matrix component 105a is arranged in the sub-pixel 102, and the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a is 6 μm, and the width d of the first black matrix component 105a is 4 μm. In this case, since the distance h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a is reduced, if the angle α between the light emitting direction of the display substrate and the vertical direction of the substrate is required to be less than or equal to 30°, the distance h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 only needs to be about 10 μm. Compared with the corresponding display substrate in FIG. 1, the thickness of the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is significantly reduced, which not only reduces the difficulty of process manufacturing, but also reduces the size of the display substrate.

[0045] In some embodiments, one first black matrix component 105a can be arranged in one sub-pixel 102, or a plurality of first black matrix components 105a can be arranged in one sub-pixel 102, which can be determined according to the distance h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a and the distance h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102, as long as the angle between the light emitting direction of the display substrate and the vertical direction of the substrate is less than or equal to 30°.

[0046] Specifically, for one sub-pixel 102, the number of first black matrix components 105a arranged in the sub-pixel 102 affects the distance h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a. In order to meet the light emitting requirement of the display substrate, the angle between the light emitting direction of the display substrate and the vertical direction of the substrate needs to be less than or equal to 30°. Therefore, the distance h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a affects the distance h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102, that is, affects the thickness of the display substrate. Therefore, the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a should not be too large, otherwise in order to meet the light emitting requirement of the display substrate, the thickness of the display substrate will be relatively thick; of course, the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a should not be too small, otherwise it will affect the light emitting amount of the display substrate.

[0047] In some embodiments, the distance between the first black matrix component 105a and the corresponding light emitting device is h1, the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a is h2, and h1 / h2≥1.732. As shown in FIG. 3, in this way, the thickness of the display substrate and the light emitting amount of the display substrate can be considered.

[0048] It should be noted that the spacing h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 refers to the distance between the side of the first black matrix component 105a away from the substrate 101 and the side of the sub-pixel 102 away from the substrate 101, that is, the spacing h1 between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 includes the thickness of the first black matrix component 105a.

[0049] It should also be noted that the width w of the sub-pixel 102, the width d of the first black matrix component 105a, and the spacing h2 between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a in FIG. 3 are merely one implementation manner and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0050] The first prism component 106a is arranged on the side of the first black matrix component 105a close to the sub-pixel 102, so that among the light emitted by the light emitting device, the emitted light originally to be absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a is reflected by the first prism component 106a and directly emitted away from the side of the substrate 101, thereby increasing the light output of the display substrate and improving the brightness of the display substrate.

[0051] In some embodiments, the height of the first prism component 106a is greater than or equal to the width of the first black matrix component 105a. In this way, better effects can be achieved. If the height of the first prism component 106a is too small, the light emitted by the light emitting device may be directly reflected back to the direction close to the substrate 101 after being incident on the first prism component 106a, thereby failing to increase the light output of the display substrate.

[0052] In some embodiments, the orthogonal projection of the first black matrix component 105a on the substrate 101 at least partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the corresponding first prism component 106a on the substrate 101. In this way, it is ensured that the emitted light originally to be absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a can be reflected by the first prism component 106a and directly emitted away from the side of the substrate 101, thereby increasing the light output of the display substrate. Preferably, the orthogonal projection of the first black matrix component 105a on the substrate 101 is located within the orthogonal projection of the corresponding first prism component 106a on the substrate 101. In this way, the first prism component 106a can maximize the total reflection of the emitted light originally to be absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a, so that it is directly emitted away from the side of the substrate 101, thereby increasing the light output of the display substrate.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first prism component 106a is a triangular prism, which includes an apex and a bottom surface arranged opposite along the thickness direction of the substrate 101, and the bottom surface of the triangular prism is arranged on the side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the bottom surface of the triangular prism is equal to the width of the first black matrix component 105a. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the first prism component 106a is arranged in a wedge-shaped structure, so that the light originally absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a can be reflected by the first prism component 106a and emitted to the side away from the substrate 101.

[0054] The display substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure sets the first black matrix component 105a in the sub-pixel 102, reduces the distance between the first black matrix components 105a, thereby reducing the thickness of the display substrate and reducing the difficulty of the process. Further, one first black matrix component 105a is correspondingly provided with one first prism component 106a, which can fully reflect the light incident thereon to make the light emitted to the side away from the substrate 101, avoiding the light emitted by the light-emitting device being absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a in the sub-pixel 102, thereby increasing the light output of the display substrate and improving the brightness of the display substrate.

[0055] In the display substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the structures of the display substrate including the whole privacy and the partial privacy. The whole privacy refers to that all the sub-pixels in the display substrate are designed as the privacy structure; and the partial privacy refers to that a single sub-pixel is pixel-divided into two, and one half of the sub-pixels in the single sub-pixel is used for pixel privacy, and the other half of the sub-pixels is used for pixel sharing, and the switching between the privacy and the sharing is realized by controlling the lighting of the sub-pixels in each part. The following embodiments are taken as examples for explaining the embodiments of the whole privacy structure and the embodiments of the partial privacy structure corresponding to FIGS. 4a-4b and FIG. 5.

[0056] FIG. 4a is a top view of a relative position between a pixel unit and a black matrix layer in an existing display substrate. FIG. 4b is a top view of a relative position between a pixel unit and a black matrix layer provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 4a-4b, the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units 120 arranged in an array, each pixel unit 120 including three sub-pixels 102, i.e., a first sub-pixel 102a, a second sub-pixel 102b, and a third sub-pixel 102c. The second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in the same column, and the second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in different columns from the first sub-pixel 102a. Each of the first sub-pixel 102a, the second sub-pixel 102b, and the third sub-pixel 102c includes a light emitting device. The first sub-pixel 102a can be a blue sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel 102b can be a green sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel 102c can be a red sub-pixel. Of course, the first sub-pixel 102a, the second sub-pixel 102b, and the third sub-pixel 102c can also be sub-pixels of other colors, respectively, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0057] Specifically, the sub-pixels 102 are all designed in a privacy structure, and the display substrate is designed in a privacy structure. As shown in FIG. 4a, in the existing display substrate, the black matrix 151 is not disposed in the sub-pixel 102, but is disposed between two adjacent sub-pixels 102. With such a design, referring to the above description of FIG. 1, if a better privacy effect is to be achieved, the spacing between the black matrix 51 and the sub-pixel 102 needs to be increased. Referring to FIG. 4b, the sub-pixels 102 are all designed in a privacy structure, and the display substrate is designed in a privacy structure. In the display substrate provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first black matrix assembly 105a is located in the sub-pixel 102, which reduces the spacing between two adjacent first black matrix assemblies 105a, and can reduce the thickness of the display substrate. At the same time, as described above, each first black matrix assembly 105a is provided with a corresponding first prism assembly 106a, which is configured to totally reflect the light incident thereon, so that the light is emitted away from the side of the substrate 101. This can increase the light output of the display substrate and improve the brightness of the display substrate.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first black matrix assemblies 105a corresponding to the sub-pixels 102 located in the same column are connected as an integral structure.

[0059] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4b, the first black matrix assembly 105a is disposed along the direction of the column of the sub-pixel 102, which can achieve the left and right privacy settings of the display substrate. Further connecting the first black matrix assemblies 105a corresponding to the sub-pixels 102 located in the same column as an integral structure makes the process simpler. The display substrate can be applied in the field of vehicle-mounted devices, or in other left and right privacy scenarios.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first black matrix assembly 105a is located within the orthographic projection of the substrate 101 on the corresponding sub-pixel 102, and the centers of the first black matrix assemblies 105a corresponding to the sub-pixels 102 in the same column are located on the same straight line. Specifically, the first black matrix assembly 105a is arranged only inside the corresponding sub-pixel 102, and no first black matrix assembly 105a is arranged between any two adjacent sub-pixels. In this way, the first black matrix assembly 105a is also arranged along the column direction of the sub-pixel 102, which can also achieve the left and right privacy setting of the display substrate, and can also reduce the material of the first black matrix assembly 105a.

[0061] In addition, the first black matrix assembly 105a can also be arranged along the direction of the row of sub-pixels 102, which can achieve the up and down privacy of the display substrate, and can also be arranged along other directions, which is not limited in the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the first black matrix assemblies 105a corresponding to the sub-pixels 102 in the same row are connected into an integrated structure. The present disclosure does not limit the specific arrangement of the first black matrix assembly 105a, which can be flexibly arranged according to the needs of privacy.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first black matrix assemblies 105a corresponding to the sub-pixels 102 in the same column are connected into an integrated structure to form a first black matrix strip 150, and the first black matrix strip 150 penetrates the center of the light emitting device of each sub-pixel 102 in the column.

[0063] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4b, a column of sub-pixels 102 corresponds to a first black matrix strip 150, and the first black matrix strip 150 is located at the center of the light emitting device of each sub-pixel 102 in the column. In this way, the left and right privacy of the display substrate can be more uniform.

[0064] In some embodiments, for a column of sub-pixels 102, a plurality of first black matrix strips 150 can also be arranged corresponding to the column of sub-pixels 102. Specifically, the number of first black matrix strips 150 can be determined according to the distance between two adjacent first black matrix strips 150 and the distance between the first black matrix strip 150 and the corresponding sub-pixel 102, as long as the angle between the light emitting direction of the display substrate and the vertical substrate direction is less than or equal to 30°.

[0065] In the display substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, all sub-pixels are arranged in a privacy structure, and the first black matrix assemblies 105a corresponding to the sub-pixels 102 in the same column are connected into an integrated structure, which can achieve the left and right privacy setting of the display substrate. The first black matrix assembly 105a is located within the corresponding sub-pixel 102, which reduces the thickness of the display substrate, and the first prism assembly 106a is arranged corresponding to the first black matrix assembly 105a, which increases the light emitting amount and improves the brightness of the display substrate.

[0066] FIG. 5 is a top view of another pixel unit and a black matrix layer in a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the display substrate includes a substrate 101, a plurality of sub-pixels 102 disposed on the substrate 101, a black matrix layer including a plurality of first black matrix components 105a, and a plurality of first prism components 106a. In some embodiments, each sub-pixel 102 includes two light emitting devices, and one first black matrix component 106a only overlaps with one light emitting device in the sub-pixel 102 in the orthographic projection of the substrate 101.

[0067] Specifically, each sub-pixel 102 is pixel-divided into two parts, each part corresponding to one light emitting device, and the first black matrix component 106a is only located in one of the two parts of the sub-pixel for a privacy structure design to achieve a privacy mode. The other part of the sub-pixel does not have a first black matrix component 106a for a sharing structure design to achieve a sharing mode. The display substrate is a partial privacy structure display substrate. When the part of the pixel corresponding to the privacy structure design is lit, the display substrate is in the privacy mode, and when the part of the pixel corresponding to the sharing structure design is lit, the display substrate is in the sharing mode. The privacy and sharing of the display substrate are switched by controlling the lighting of the two parts of the pixel.

[0068] For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units 120 arranged in an array, each pixel unit 120 including three sub-pixels 102, i.e., a first sub-pixel 102a, a second sub-pixel 102b, and a third sub-pixel 102c. The second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in the same column, and the second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in different columns from the first sub-pixel 102a.

[0069] The first sub-pixel 102a, the second sub-pixel 102b, and the third sub-pixel 102c each include two light emitting devices. Each of the first sub-pixel 102a, the second sub-pixel 102b, and the third sub-pixel 102c is divided into two parts, each part corresponding to one light emitting device. The first black matrix component 105a only overlaps with one light emitting device in the sub-pixel 102 in the orthographic projection of the substrate 101. In this way, the privacy and sharing modes of the display substrate can be switched.

[0070] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a pixel driving circuit, and the light emitting devices in the sub-pixel 102 are connected to the pixel driving circuit. Specifically, the pixel driving circuit can include two switches for controlling the two light emitting devices in the sub-pixel 102, thereby switching the sharing mode and the privacy mode in the display substrate.

[0071] It should be noted that the first black matrix assembly 105a can be arranged only in the direction of the column of the sub-pixel 102 (as shown in FIG. 5), to achieve left and right privacy of the display substrate; or arranged in the direction of the row of the sub-pixel 102, to achieve up and down privacy of the display substrate; or arranged in other directions, which is not limited in the present disclosure, and the specific details can be referred to the description of the first embodiment above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0072] In the display substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first black matrix assembly 106a only overlaps with the projection of one light emitting device in the sub-pixel 102 on the substrate 101, which can achieve the switching between the privacy mode and the sharing mode of the display substrate, and the first black matrix assembly 106a is located in the sub-pixel 102, which reduces the distance between two adjacent first black matrix assemblies 105a, and can reduce the thickness of the display substrate. At the same time, as described above, each first black matrix assembly 105a is correspondingly provided with a first prism assembly 106a, which is configured to totally reflect the light irradiated thereon, so that the light is emitted away from the substrate 101, which can increase the light output of the display substrate and improve the brightness of the display substrate.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, the black matrix layer includes not only a plurality of first black matrix assemblies 105a, but also a plurality of second black matrix assemblies 105b, and the second black matrix assembly 105b is arranged between any two adjacent light emitting devices. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 4b, the second black matrix assembly 105b is arranged between any two adjacent light emitting devices in the direction of the column of the sub-pixel 102. In this way, left and right privacy of the display substrate can be achieved. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 5, the second black matrix assembly 105b is arranged between any two sub-pixels 102 in the direction of the column of the sub-pixel 102, and is correspondingly arranged with one light emitting device in the sub-pixel 102. In this way, not only the left and right privacy of the display substrate can be achieved, but also the switching between the privacy mode and the sharing mode of the display substrate can be achieved.

[0074] In some embodiments, the display substrate includes not only the substrate 101, the plurality of sub-pixels 102 arranged on the substrate 101, the black matrix layer, the first prism assembly 106a, but also a plurality of second prism assemblies 106b, one second black matrix assembly 105b is correspondingly arranged with one second prism assembly 106b, and the second prism assembly 106b is configured to totally reflect the light irradiated thereon, so that the light is emitted away from the substrate 101.

[0075] Specifically, referring to FIG. 2, there are some light rays in the light emitted by the light emitting device in the sub-pixel 102 that are originally to be absorbed by the second black matrix component 105b; or some light rays in the light emitted by the light emitting device in the sub-pixel 102 that are irradiated to the first prism component 106a and then are totally reflected and can be absorbed by the second black matrix component 105b. The display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further has a second prism component 106b arranged on the side of the second black matrix component 105b close to the sub-pixel 102. In this way, the emitted light that is originally to be absorbed by the second black matrix component 105b is irradiated to the second prism component 106b and then is reflected by the second prism component 106b and directly emitted to the side away from the substrate 101.

[0076] The embodiment of the present disclosure further increases the light emission amount of the display substrate and improves the brightness of the display substrate by arranging the second prism component 106b.

[0077] FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0078] As shown in FIG. 6, in some embodiments, the display substrate not only includes the substrate 101, the plurality of sub-pixels 102, the black matrix layer, the first prism component 106a and the second prism component 106b, but also includes an encapsulation layer 103 arranged on the side of the sub-pixel 102 away from the substrate 101, and the encapsulation layer 103 has a plurality of first openings, and the first prism component 105a is located in the first opening.

[0079] In some embodiments, the encapsulation layer 103 not only has the first opening but also has a third opening, and the second prism component 105b is located in the third opening.

[0080] Specifically, the embodiment of the present disclosure directly arranges the first prism component 106a in the first opening of the encapsulation layer 103, which can reduce the distance between the first black matrix component 105a and the sub-pixel 102 and reduce the thickness of the display substrate.

[0081] In some embodiments, the material of the first prism component 105a and / or the second prism component 105b is an organic material, and the refractive index of the first prism component 105a and / or the second prism component 105b is lower than the refractive index of the encapsulation layer 103. In this way, the total reflection of the light irradiated to the first prism component 105a and / or the second prism component 105b can be ensured, so that the light is emitted to the side away from the substrate.

[0082] In some embodiments, the display substrate not only includes the substrate 101, the plurality of sub-pixels 102, the black matrix layer, the first prism component 106a and the second prism component 106b, but also includes the encapsulation layer 103 and the protection layer 104 which are sequentially stacked along the side of the sub-pixel 102 away from the substrate 101, and the protection layer 104 has a plurality of second openings, and the first prism component 105a is located in the second opening.

[0083] In some embodiments, the protection layer 104 not only has the second opening, but also has a fourth opening, and the second prism component 105b is located in the fourth opening.

[0084] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a protection layer arranged on the side of the encapsulation layer 103 away from the substrate 101, and the first prism component 106a is arranged in the second opening of the protection layer 104. Compared with directly arranging the first prism component 106a in the first opening of the encapsulation layer 103, the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can protect the encapsulation layer 103 from being damaged and prevent external water and oxygen from entering the display substrate.

[0085] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first prism component 105a and / or the second prism component 105b is lower than the refractive index of the protection layer 104. In this way, total reflection of light irradiated on the first prism component 105a and / or the second prism component 105b can be ensured, so that the light is emitted toward the side away from the substrate 101.

[0086] In some embodiments, the display substrate not only includes the substrate 101, the plurality of sub-pixels 102, the black matrix layer, the first prism component 106a, the second prism component 106b, the encapsulation layer 103 and the protection layer 104, but also includes a plurality of lens array structures 108, and the lens array structure 108 is arranged on at least two sides of the first black matrix component 105a, and the lens array structure 108 is arranged in the projection of the substrate 101 and is spaced apart from the projection of the first prism component 105a on the substrate 101. In this way, the privacy effect of the display substrate can be better improved.

[0087] The display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure reduces the thickness of the display substrate by arranging the first black matrix component 105a in the sub-pixel 102. Meanwhile, one first black matrix component 105a is correspondingly arranged with one first prism component 106a, so that the light originally absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a is irradiated on the first prism component 106a and totally reflected, and the light is emitted in the direction away from the substrate 101, thereby improving the brightness of the display substrate.

[0088] Based on the same inventive concept, the disclosure also provides a preparation method of a display substrate. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are flowcharts of two preparation methods of a display substrate provided by the disclosure, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0089] S701: preparing a sub-pixel 102.

[0090] Specifically, a substrate 101 is provided; a plurality of sub-pixels 102 are formed on the substrate 101, and the sub-pixel 102 comprises at least one light-emitting device. Wherein, S701 only shows one sub-pixel 102.

[0091] S702: preparing a first prism component 106a and a second prism component 106b.

[0092] Specifically, the first prism component 106a and the second prism component 106b can be directly prepared on the packaging layer 103, as shown in S702 of FIG. 7, the packaging layer 103 is prepared on the sub-pixel 102 by using the processes such as glue coating, exposure and development, and the wedge-shaped first opening and third opening are prepared on the surface of the packaging layer 103 by using the process method of embossing, and the organic material with a refractive index lower than that of the packaging layer is prepared at the first opening and the third opening by using the processes such as glue coating, exposure and development, and finally the first prism component 106a is obtained at the first opening, and the second prism component 106b is obtained at the third opening.

[0093] The first prism component 106a and the second prism component 106b can also be prepared on the protective layer 104, as shown in S702 of FIG. 8, the packaging layer 103 and the protective layer 104 are prepared on the sub-pixel 102 by using the processes such as glue coating, exposure and development, and the wedge-shaped second opening and fourth opening are prepared on the surface of the protective layer 104 by using the process method of embossing, and the organic material with a refractive index lower than that of the protective layer 104 is prepared at the second opening and the fourth opening by using the processes such as glue coating, exposure and development, and finally the first prism component 106a is obtained at the second opening, and the second prism component 106b is obtained at the fourth opening.

[0094] The first prism component 106b and the second prism component 106b are configured to totally reflect the light irradiated thereon, so that the light is emitted away from the side of the substrate 101.

[0095] S703: preparing a black matrix layer.

[0096] Specifically, a black matrix layer is prepared on the first prism component 106a and the second prism component 106b by using a process such as coating, exposure and development. The black matrix layer includes a first black matrix component 105a, and one first black matrix component 105a is arranged in the orthographic projection of the substrate 101 and overlaps at least with the orthographic projection of one light emitting device on the substrate 101. Arranging the first black matrix component 105a in the sub-pixel 102 can reduce the thickness of the display substrate. The black matrix layer further includes a second black matrix component 105b arranged between two adjacent light emitting devices.

[0097] In addition, the black matrix layer can be arranged as full privacy or partial privacy. As shown in FIG. 4b and FIG. 5, the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units 120 arranged in an array, and each pixel unit 120 includes three sub-pixels 102, i.e., a first sub-pixel 102a, a second sub-pixel 102b and a third sub-pixel 102c. The second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in the same column, and the second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c are located in different columns from the first sub-pixel 102a. Each of the first sub-pixel 102a, the second sub-pixel 102b and the third sub-pixel 102c includes one light emitting device.

[0098] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4b, the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to the sub-pixels 102 in the same column are connected as an integral structure. In some embodiments, the first black matrix components 105a corresponding to the sub-pixels 102 in the same column are connected as an integral structure to form a first black matrix strip 150, and the first black matrix strip 150 penetrates the center of the light emitting device of each sub-pixel 102 in the column. Such an arrangement is a full privacy arrangement, and can also achieve left and right privacy.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the sub-pixel 102 includes two light emitting devices, and one first black matrix component 105a overlaps with the orthographic projection of only one light emitting device on the substrate 101. Such an arrangement is a partial privacy arrangement, and can achieve switching between the privacy mode and the sharing mode.

[0100] One first black matrix component 105a is arranged corresponding to one first prism component 106a, and one second black matrix component 105b is arranged corresponding to one second prism component 106b. The first prism component 106a can totally reflect the light originally absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a, so that the light is emitted away from the substrate 101. The second prism component 106b can totally reflect the light originally absorbed by the second black matrix component 105b, so that the light is emitted away from the substrate 101, thereby increasing the light output of the display substrate and improving the brightness of the display substrate.

[0101] In some embodiments, the distance between the first black matrix component 105a and the corresponding light emitting device is h1, the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components 105a is h2, and h1 / h2≥1.732.

[0102] In some embodiments, the height of the first prism component 106a is greater than or equal to the width of the first black matrix component 105a.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first prism component 106a is a triangular pyramid, which includes a vertex and a bottom surface arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the substrate 101, and the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is arranged on the side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is equal to the width of the first black matrix component 105a.

[0104] In some embodiments, the second prism component 106b is a triangular pyramid, which includes a vertex and a bottom surface arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the substrate 101, and the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is arranged on the side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is equal to the width of the second black matrix component 106b.

[0105] S704: preparing a plurality of lens array structures 108.

[0106] Specifically, the lens array structure 108 is arranged apart from the projection of the first prism component 106a on the substrate 101.

[0107] The preparation method of the display substrate provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the same details as those of any of the display substrate embodiments described above, and will not be described here.

[0108] The preparation method of the display substrate provided by the present disclosure reduces the thickness of the display substrate by forming the first black matrix component 105a in the sub-pixel 102. Meanwhile, the first prism component 106a is formed on the side of the first black matrix component 105a close to the sub-pixel 102, the light originally absorbed by the first black matrix component 105a is reflected, so that the light directly exits in the direction away from the substrate 101, thereby improving the light output of the display substrate.

[0109] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display panel, which includes any of the display substrates described in the above embodiments.

[0110] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted for illustrating the principles of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A display substrate, comprising: substrate; A plurality of sub-pixels are provided on the substrate, wherein the sub-pixels include at least one light emitting device; a black matrix layer, disposed on a side of the sub-pixel facing away from the base substrate, comprising a plurality of first black matrix components, wherein an orthographic projection of one of the first black matrix components on the base substrate partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of at least one of the light-emitting devices on the base substrate; Multiple first prism components are arranged on the side of the first black matrix component close to the sub-pixel, and one first black matrix component is arranged corresponding to one first prism component; the first prism component is configured to totally reflect the light irradiated thereon so that the light is emitted toward the side away from the substrate.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, each pixel unit including three sub-pixels, namely a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel being located in the same column, and the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel being located in a different column from the first sub-pixel; the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel each including a light-emitting device; The first black matrix components corresponding to the sub-pixels in the same column are connected into an integrated structure.

3. The display substrate according to claim 2, wherein: The first black matrix components corresponding to the sub-pixels in the same column are connected into an integrated structure to form a first black matrix strip, and the first black matrix strip runs through the center of the light-emitting device of each sub-pixel in the column.

4. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The sub-pixel includes two light-emitting devices, and one first black matrix component only overlaps with an orthographic projection of one light-emitting device of the sub-pixel on the base substrate.

5. The display substrate according to claim 4, wherein: The display substrate further includes a pixel driving circuit, and the light-emitting devices in the sub-pixels are all connected to the pixel driving circuit. The display substrate according to claim 1 , wherein: The black matrix layer further includes a plurality of second black matrix components, and a second black matrix component is disposed between any two adjacent light-emitting devices.

7. The display substrate according to claim 6, wherein: It also includes multiple second prism components, a second black matrix component is correspondingly arranged to a second prism component, and the second prism component is configured to totally reflect the light irradiated thereon so that the light is emitted toward the side away from the base substrate. 8 . The display substrate according to claim 1 , further comprising an encapsulation layer disposed on a side of the sub-pixel facing away from the base substrate, the encapsulation layer having a plurality of first openings, and the first prism assembly being located in the first openings.

9. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising an encapsulation layer and a protective layer stacked in sequence along a side of the sub-pixel facing away from the base substrate, the protective layer having a plurality of second openings, and the first prism assembly being located in the second openings.

10. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The distance between the first black matrix component and its corresponding light-emitting device is h1, the distance between two adjacent first black matrix components is h2, and h1 / h2≥1.

732.

11. The display substrate according to claim 10, wherein: The height of the first prism component is greater than or equal to the width of the first black matrix component.

12. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The first prism component is a triangular pyramid, which includes a vertex and a bottom surface arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the substrate, and the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is arranged on a side close to the black matrix layer, and the width of the bottom surface of the triangular pyramid is equal to the width of the first black matrix component.

13. The display substrate according to claim 1 further comprises a plurality of lens array structures, which are arranged at least on both sides of the first black matrix component, and the orthographic projection of the lens array structure on the base substrate is spaced apart from the orthographic projection of the first prism component on the base substrate.

14. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The material of the first prism component is organic material.

15. A method for preparing a display substrate, comprising: providing a substrate; forming a plurality of sub-pixels on the base substrate, wherein the sub-pixels include at least one light-emitting device; forming a plurality of first prism components on a side of the sub-pixel facing away from the substrate; A black matrix layer is formed on the side of the first prism assembly facing away from the base substrate, and the black matrix layer includes multiple first black matrix assemblies, the orthographic projection of one first black matrix assembly on the base substrate overlaps with at least the orthographic projection of one light-emitting device on the base substrate; and one first black matrix assembly is arranged corresponding to one first prism assembly; the first prism assembly is configured to totally reflect the light irradiated thereon so that the light is emitted toward the side facing away from the base substrate.

16. A display panel comprising the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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